Sukkos

ืกื•ื›ื•ืช

I heard from ื”ื’”ืจื— ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–”ืœ that the ื‘ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ was a big ืขื ื™ and he wrote his ืกืคืจ the ืงืฆื•ืช on a barrel. He had no table and ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื said that if he would have had a table, he would not have been able to write this ืกืคืจ.

What is the ื”ื‘ื ื” of this?

The ื’”ืž says in ืกื•ื›ื” “ืฆื ืžื“ื™ืจืช ืงื‘ืข ื•ื“ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจืช ืขืจืื™”

This is the ื™ืกื•ื“ of ืžืฆื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”.

However, this ืžืฆื•ื” of ืกื•ื›ื” with the ื™ืกื•ื“ of ื“ื™ืจื” ืขืจืื™ is really the ื™ืกื•ื“ of all of our life. All of our lives we live in ืขื•ื””ื– like a ื“ื™ืจื” ืขืจืื™. All of the ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, we eat and sleep in this world is really ืขืจืื™. Our main purpose in this world is to learn ืชื•ืจื” and do ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.

As far as we are ืžืงื™ื™ื this ื™ืกื•ื“ of living in this world ืขืจืื™, that is how much we will be ืžืฆืœื™ื— in our ย ย ืชื•ืจื” and ืžืฆื•ืช.

This is why ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–”ืœ said this story of the ืงืฆื•ืช in the ืกื•ื›ื”, because the ืงืฆื•ืช was so ืžืฆืœื™ื— because he had almost no ืขื•ื””ื–!!

ืกื•ื›ื” shows us how to live all year. We are allowed to eat and be ื ื”ื ื” from ืขื•ื””ื– how much we need, but knowing that all our purpose is to be strong to serve ื”’.

The ืจืžื‘”ื says if we eat and sleep ืขืœ ืžื ืช to be strong, we are serving ื”’ even with our ืขื•ื””ื– ย (ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”’ ืชืžื™ื“)

This is the reason why all ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” were ืžืฆืœื™ื— all the ื“ื•ืจื•ืช because they lived ืžืฆื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื” ย all year, not only on ืกื•ื›ื•ืช. And this is the best life in ืขื•ื””ื–.

The ืžืฉื ื” in ืื‘ื•ืช says:

ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืจื” ืชืฉืชื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืฉืŸ- ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ……”โ€

Sounds very sad, but ืื ืืชื” ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ, if you do this, we canโ€™t explain it-do it and you will see – ย ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื–- this makes you really happy in ืขื•ื””ื–.

ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ that we will all do this and ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘ .

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yeruchem Levovitz, ztโ€l

ื”ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”?!
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜”ื, ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ‘ืขื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ’: ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ืืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื—ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื’ืจืดื™ ืืœืื™ ื–ืฆืดืœ, ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืจืช ืจื•ื—, ื”ืŸ ืžืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžื” ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื”ืขืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื™ืžื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”, ื‘ื™ืžื™ื” ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจื™ื.

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืกื™ืคืจ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ื”ืดืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืœื™ื•ื•ืื•ื•ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ืœืคื–ื– ื•ืœื›ืจื›ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ืงืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื”.

ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืขื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฆืจ, ืžืงื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืžื”, ื•ืžื ื‘ื™ืข ืคื ื™ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื•ืช ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ, ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืขืœ.

ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ื ื–ื›ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœืื™ ื–ืฆืดืœ, ื ืฉืžืขื” ื ืงื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ, ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฆืจื•. ื”ืฉืœืš ื”ืก, ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื”ืจืขื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืœื•: โ€ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืœืืžื• ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ื• ื•ืืช ืื—ื™ื• ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื›ื™ ืฉืžืจื• ืืžืจืชืš ื•ื‘ืจื™ืชืš ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื•โ€.

ืดื”ื™ืชื›ืŸืด?! ื›ืš ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื, ืดื•ื›ื™ ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช, ืœื ืกื•ืข ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”…

ืดื”ื™ืชื›ืŸ?!

ืดื›ืœื•ื ื›ืš ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ื—ืคืฅ?! [-ืœืขื•ื””ื‘] “ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื•ื, ‘ื”ืื•ืžืจ… ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ื•’, ‘ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ’, ‘ืœื ื™ื“ืข’. ื•ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ืืžื•, ื‘ืื—ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื•ืด… ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœ!

ื•ืื ืŸ ืžื” ื ืขื ื” ืื‘ืชืจื™ื”?!

ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโ€l

“ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”” โ€“ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืžืชื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื”

“ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ ืื‘ื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ” [ืœื– ื] ื•ืคื™’ ืจืฉ”ื™ [ืฉื, ื‘] ืจืฉ”ื™ ‘ื•ื™ืฉื‘, ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื”, ืงืคืฅ ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื’ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืžื” ืฉืžืชื•ืงืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืืœื ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”’.

ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ืชื—ื™ื” โ€“ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ”ื™ ืฆืข”ื’, ืžื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืœื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ืฉื‘ ื•ืœืžื“ ื™”ื“ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืขื‘ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืขืœื” ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ืžืฉื›ื‘ื• ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืจืฉ”ื™ [ื›ื—, ื™ื] ื•ื›ื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉื‘ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื™ ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช, ื”ื› ืœืžื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ‘ื’ืขืจ’ ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ื•ื”.

ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ืฉืขืœ ื–ื” ื’ื•ืคื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ‘ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืžื” ืฉืžืชื•ืงืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืืœื ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”’. ืคื”, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื•ื—ื”. ื”ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื™ื• ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื ื—ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘. ืฉื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื”’ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ ื“ืื’ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ืขื•ื””ื– ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืคืจื•ื–ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื””ื‘, ื•ื›ืืŸ ื–ื”ื• ืจืง ื”ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืชืžืฆื™ ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ื•ืžื–ื›ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืขืžืœ, ืœื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื”! ืืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืขืžืœ ื•ื˜ืจื“ื”.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืžืกื›ืช ืื‘ื•ืช [ืค”ื• ืž”ื“] ‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืจื” ืชืฉืชื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ืชื—ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ’. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ื””ื–, ืžืชื•ืš ืงื•ืฉื™ ื•ื“ื—ืง, ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืขื•ื””ื‘, ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื” ื•ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. “ืื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจ”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืขืžืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืฉื”ืฉืœื•ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืžื” ืฉืžืชื•ืงืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืขื•ื””ื‘, ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืขืžืœ ื•ืงื•ืฉื™.

ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ืชื—ื™ื” โ€“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ

ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืชืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœืžื”[1] ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื—ืง, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื ื ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจ”ื  [ืค”ื’ ื•] “ื˜ื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฆืขืจ ืžืžืื” ื‘ืจื™ื•ื—”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช [ืค”ื” ืžื›”ื’] “ืœืคื•ื ืฆืขืจื ืื’ืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืขืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืขืจ. ื•ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžื—ื–”ืœ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื•ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืชื”ื ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืขืจ ื•ื“ื—ืง ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื“ื—ืง ื•ืฆืขืจ, ื”ืจื™ ื—ืกืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืขื•ื””ื‘.

ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืœื ื›ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉื”ืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” “ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื—… ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ” ื”ื•ื ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ื ื” ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื“ืื’ื•ืช, ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื›ืืœื•, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ืงื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื•ืจื’ืข. ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื” ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืชื•, ื•ื›ืž”ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” [ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื–, ื] “ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื”, ื•ืขื™’ ื‘ื™ื“ ืจืž”ื” ืฉื ‘ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื”, ืœื ื ื‘ืจืื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื“ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื“ืชื ื™ื ืœืงืžืŸ (ืฉื ืœ”ื— ื) ืื“ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื ื‘ืจื, ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ืžื™ื“. ืžืฉืœ ืœืžืœืš ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ื ื” ืคืœื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืœืœืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื•ืื—”ื› ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืจื—ื™ื’. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆื ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืคืœืื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“.

ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš, ืื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืขืจ ื•ื“ื—ืง ื•ื“ืื’ื”, ืื ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ ื ื‘ื ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื›ืœื•ืœื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืžื˜ืจื” ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืืœืคื™ ื”ืืœืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืขืช. ืืœื ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื ืืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื ืื” ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื ืื™ื, ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืฉื™ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื’ื ืื ื—”ื• ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืจืง ืขื ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื—, ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืคืกืงื”. ืจืื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ื”’ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื’ ืฉืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื• ‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ’ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ืฆืขืจ ืžืžืฉ, ืืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืžื—ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืง. ืชืจืื• ืืช ื”’ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ’, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืœื ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืฆืขืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ “ืคื™ืงื•ื“ื™ ื”’ ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืžืฉืžื—ื™ ืœื‘”, ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื” ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฆืขืจ. ืื•ืœื ืžืื™ื“ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ‘ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื—’, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ืœื ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื•. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื™ื‘ื•, ื—ืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื•. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื•ื—ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื’ื ืื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ื›ื•”.

ืœืคื•ื ืฆืขืจื โ€“ ื”ืฆืขืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“

ื•ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ “ืœืคื•ื ืฆืขืจื ืื’ืจื”, ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืฆืขืจ ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืขืžืœื•ืช ื•ื™ื’ื™ืขื” ืื™ื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืฆืขืจ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื˜ื™ืจื—ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืจื“ื”, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช [ืคื—, ื‘] ‘ืœืžื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”, ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื ื•ื˜ืจื•ื“ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืกื•ื“ื”’. ืื“ื ืฉืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื˜ื•ืจื— ื•ืขืžืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœื•ืžื“, ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฆืขืจ ื•ืงื•ืฉื™. ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ “ืื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจ”. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช.

ื•ืœืคื™”ื– ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื”ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืžื ื•ื—ื”. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืฆืขืจ ืฉืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืขืžืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืง ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืชืžืฆื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ืฆืขืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืจื“ ืžื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืกืง ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ืืš ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืกืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.

ืืžื ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืžืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ [ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชื•ืก’ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื“, ื ื“”ื” ืœื] ‘ืขื“ ืฉืื“ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ืฉืชื™ื›ื ืก ืชื•ืจื” ืœืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื•, ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื•’. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืžืขื“ื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื—ืคืฉ ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ืชื ืœืฉื ‘ืžืขื“ื ื™ื’ ื•ืชืื•ื•ืช. ืฉืื ืื›ืŸ ืžื—ืคืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœื• ืžืื•ื›ืœ ื•ื”ื ืื•ืช, ืื””ื  ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืชื™ืจืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ. ืื•ืœื ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื•ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ื›ื— ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืกืชื™ืจื”. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืฆื™ื•ืชื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ [ื›ื–, ื˜] “ืœืš ื ื ืืœ ื”ืฆืืŸ ื•ืงื— ืœื™ ืžืฉื ืฉื ื™ ื’ื“ื™ื™ ืขื–ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืื‘ื™ืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘”. ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ‘ืื”ื‘ื”’ ืœื’ื“ื™ื™ ืขื™ื–ื™ื, ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื. ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืชืžืฆื™. ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื•”ื˜, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื”ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื”, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ื ื˜ืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื ืื”. ื•ืื™ืš ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื–ื”ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื›ืžื• ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืฉืžื—ืช ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืชื•ืจื”.

ื”ืขื•ื””ื– ืฉืœ ืช”ื— โ€“ ื”’ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื’ ืฉ’ืื”ื‘’ ื™ืฆื—ืงย ย 

ื•ื”ื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื ื‘ื”ื ืื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ื”ื ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื ื”ื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื”ืงื‘”ื”. ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื” ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ‘ื˜ืขื’, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ. ืžืชื™ ื–ื” ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ืขื ืฉื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืฉื ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืชืื•ื•ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื• ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”’ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ’ ืื– ื–ื” ืื™ื•ื ื•ื ื•ืจื, ืื– ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื’ื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื’ ื”ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœืขื•ื””ื‘. ืขืœ ื–ื” ืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืคืกืงื” ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ื”ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื•, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจืช ืชืื•ื•ืชื™ื•.

ื–ื›ื•ืจื ื™ ืžืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืžื™ืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื˜ืขื ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื•, ื”ืื ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื• ืœื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ื”ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ืž”ืฉ ืืฆืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง [ืฉื] “ื•ืชืขืฉ ืืžื• ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ ืื‘ื™ื•”. ื™ืฉ “ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื” ื•ื™ืฉ “ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื”. ื™ืฉ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืื•ื”, ื•ืื– ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืจื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”’. ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืžื™ืœ, ื‘ืชื•ืจืช “ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืืžื ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืื” ื•ื˜ืขื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”’, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ‘ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช’ ืฉื”ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืชื•ืกืคืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•.

ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื ืืช ืขื•ื””ื– โ€“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืกื’ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื’ื ืœ’ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื—’

ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืœืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ืื ื™ืงื—ื• ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”’ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื’. ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžืขื“ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ืฉื’ื ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ื•ืžืขื“ื ื™ื, ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืžืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืžืœ ื•ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืกืงื”. ืื– ื™ื”ื™ื• ืืœื• ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื, ืžืื•ืชื• ื”’ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ’ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ืื•ืœื ืื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ‘ืชืœื•ื™’ ื‘ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืขื ื•ื’ื•ืช, ื•ืื ื™ื—ืกืจ ืœื• ืงืฆืช ืžืžื” ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ, ืžืขื“ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืื• ืžืขื“ืŸ ื›ื–ื”, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื” ืืฆืœื• ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš, ืขืœ ื›ืืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ ‘ืขื“ ืฉืื“ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ืชื•ืจื” ืœืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื• ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื•’. ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช.

ื ืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืžืขื˜ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™. ืื“ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืืฆืœื•. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืชืคืงื“… ืงืฉื” ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื”… ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื›ื ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœื•ื! ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืœืื”, ืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข! ื–ื” ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™, ื–ื” ื”ืคืฉื˜ “ืœืคื•ื ืฆืขืจื ืื’ืจื”, ืœื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช. ืฉื™ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•. ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉื ืœื—ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ื ื’ื“ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื•, ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืžืœ ื•ื˜ืจื“ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ. ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ื•ืช. ืืœื ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืžื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืขืžืœ ื•ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ืžื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื”.

ืขื•ื“ ื ืกืคืจ ืœื›ื, ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขื ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืžื™ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืกื‘ืจื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืืœ ืื ื–ื• ืกื‘ืจื ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• “ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘”, ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืขืง, “ืžื”, ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘? ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืง!” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืฉื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ‘ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ’, ืœื”ืกื›ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืœืื”. ืืœื ืœืฆืขื•ืง ืฉื–ื” ืžืชื•ืง. ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื”ื ืื” ืžื›ืœ ืกื‘ืจื, ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืชื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช, ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš. ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืกื‘ืจื, ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืœืงื•ืฉื™ืช ืจืขืง”ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืงืฉื” ืœืชืจืฅ ืจืขืง”ื, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืฉื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื“ืฉ, ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืกื‘ืจื, ืื™ื–ื• ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉื•. ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืชื”. ื ื•, ืื– ืื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื”ื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืืจื•ื—ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœื•, ืœืขืžืœ ืฉืœื•, ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื. ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืžืจืง ื ืคืœื, ืฉื”ืงื•ืžืคื•ื˜ ื ืคืœื, ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช. ืื ื”ื ืขืžืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœื”ื ืžื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช. ื”ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืื ื”ื”ื ืื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืจืง ื”ื˜ืคืœ ืœื”ื ืื” ื•ืœืชืขื ื•ื’ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื•ื”ืื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉ’ืžืจืง’ ื•’ืงื•ืžืคื•ื˜’ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื•, ื”ืื ื’ื ืื– ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืžืœ. ืื– ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ “ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื”.

ืจ”ืฉ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ืง

ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืžื“ืจืฉ[2] [ืฉืžื•”ืจ ืคืจืฉื” ื ื‘] ‘ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจ”ืฉ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื ืฉื‘ื ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžืืŸ ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก. ื™ืฆื ืœื• ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืื‘ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ื ืชื ื” ืœืฉื•ืœื—ื ื™ ื•ืคืจื ืก ืื•ืชื” ืฉื‘ืช, ืืžืจื” ืืฉืชื•, ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืืœื•, ืืžืจ ืœื” ืžืžื” ืฉืคืจื ืก ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื. ืืžืจื”, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืžืช ื›ืœื•ื, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืœื”, ืืžืจ ืœื” ื›ืš ื ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืื™ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืžืช ื›ืœื•ื ืขื“ ืฉืชืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืชื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืืžืจ ืœื”, ืœืžื”, ืืžืจื” ืœื•, ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ื”ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื ืš ื—ืกืจ ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ืจืš ืžืœื’ ื•ื›ื•’ ืขื™ื™”ืฉ. ื•ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืœื•ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื•”ืž ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื•ื””ื‘.

ื•ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืœืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื”ืืฉื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื•ืชื• ืžืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืจื”, ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืกื“ืจ ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฉื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘ ืื ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ืจืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื ื•ื›ื•’. ื•ืื™ืš ื ืžื ืขื” ื”ืืฉื” ืžืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื‘ืŸ. ืืœื ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ืฆ”ืœ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื“ื—ืงื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืžืคื•ืืจ ื›”ื›. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ืœืš ืจ’ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ื“ื•ื—ืง, ืžื” ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ืขืœ ื–ื” ื’ื•ืคื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœื ืก, ื•ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉืœื— ืœื• ืื‘ืŸ ื™ืงืจื” ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื•ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœ’ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช’ ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื’ื•ืคื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืืฉืชื•, ืื ืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื—ืง, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘.

ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื•ื”ืžืชื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืžืœ ื•ื”ื”ืฉื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื ื”ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื• ืžืกื‘ืจื ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืžืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื› ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื ืชื•ืคืกื•ืช ืืฆืœื• ืžืงื•ื ื•ืื™ื ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ื•ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื””ื– ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืœื• ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื•ืขืกืง ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื™. ื•ื™ืจื’ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื’ื ืื ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ืื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืชื”, ืž”ืž ืœื ื™ื™ื’ืจื ืœื• ื›ืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืง ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื”ืคืจืขื” ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืื ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื›ื–ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื”, ื ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื‘ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ืœืขื•ื””ื‘.

ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืขืฉ”ืง ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื›”ื“ ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืก”ื–

[1] ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ืฉื‘, ืชืฉืœ”ื’. [ืžืืžืจ ื˜ื•, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ืชืฉืก”ื‘]

[2] ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื ”ืœ.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืกื•ื›ื•ืช

ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืกื•ื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ืœื™ ืคื™ื˜ื (ืฉื ืคืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื• ื‘ืขืฅ) ื•ื”ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื. ืœืฆืขืจื• ื’ ื”ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื ืขื ืคื™ื˜ื ื ืคืœ ื•ื ืคืœ ืžืžื ื• ื”ืคื™ื˜ื, ื•ื ืคืกืœ, ื•ื ืชืขืจื‘ ืขื ื›ืžื” ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืคื™ื˜ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ. ื•ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ืฉืืœืชื• ืื ื”ื ืœืฆืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ื›ื•ืœื, ืื• ื ื™ืžื ื“ืืชืจื•ื’ ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘.

ื•ืข’ ืžื—ื–ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืงืž”ื’ ืืœ ืจ’ ื–ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืจืช ื—ืกื“ ืื•”ื— ืœ”ื“ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ื•ืข”ืฉ ืžืชื•ืก’ ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืข”ื˜ ืข”ื‘ ื“”ื” ืชื ืŸ. ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžื” ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืขืจ”ื™ ืฉ”ื’ ืคื˜”ื•. ื•ืข’ ืขื•ื ื’ ื™ื•”ื˜ ืกื™’ ื“’ ื“ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืง ืžืกืœืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืฉืžื”.

ื•ืข’ ืจืข”ื ื‘ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•”ื— ื™”ื ื“ืžื”ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื•ื˜ื™ ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื• ืœืฉืžื”. ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื• ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืจืข”ื ื—”ื“ ืื•”ื— ืก”ื’ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื”. ื•ืข’ ืฉืขืจ”ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—”ืก ืื•”ื— ืงืก”ื— ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืก”ืช ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื•”ื“ ืจืข”ื– ื“ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ).

 

ื•ืžืกื‘ืจื ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื“ืชื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ืคืฆื ืื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื. ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื“ืขืช ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื“ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ืก”ืœ ื“ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื› ื›ืžื•”ื› ืœื ื ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืข”ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืก’ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืคืฆื ื‘ื˜ืœ, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืžื•”ื› ื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืฉืจ.

ืžื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื“ืก”ืœ ื“ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ. ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื“ื—ื•ื˜ ืฆืžืจ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืฉืชืŸ, ื•ื›’ ืชื•ืก’ ืข”ื– ืก”ื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืขื˜ื ื– ืืกื•ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจ”ืŸ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื ”ื‘ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ.

ื•ืข’ ื›ืœืื™ื ืค”ื˜ ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืžืจ ื’ืžืœื™ื ืขื ืฆืžืจ ืจื—ืœื™ื, ื•ืง’ ืœืคื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ. ื•ืข’ ืฉื•”ืช ืจืข”ื ืœ”ื— ื›ืชื‘ ื“ืœืคื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื›ืœืื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืขืจื‘ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืื™ื ื•ื›”ื› ืžื”ืจ”ื— ืื•”ื– ื™”ื—. ื•ืœืคื™”ื– ืœื›ื’ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื’ ืœืคื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื”ื•”ืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ. (ื•ืข’ ืฉื•”ืช ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื ”ื˜ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื—ืžืฅ ืœืคื ื™ ืคืกื—, ื•ื“ืœื ื›ืจืื‘ื™”ื”). ื•ืข’ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืงื•ื ’ ืขื˜ืจืช ื–ืงื ื™ื ืžื–ืงื ื™ ื’ืื‘”ื“ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื’ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ืกื™’ ื™”ื‘ ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžื•ื”ืจ”ืจ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืฉืœืขื–ื™ื ื’ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื“ื•ืž”ืฆ ืคืคื“”ืž.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืืช”ืœ ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืœื›ื’ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื™ืคื›ื, ื“ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืชืจื•ื’ ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืคื™ื˜ื, ื•ืœืขืจื‘ื• ืขื ืืชืจื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืคื™ื˜ื ื•ื™ืชื›ืฉืจ. ื•ืœื›ื’ ื™”ืœ ืžืฉื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ืข’ ืฉื“”ื— ื—”ื– ืคืื””ืฉ ื’ ื–’ ื“”ื” ื•ื”ืฉื’ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ื”ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื™ ื“ืœื›ื•”ืข ืืกื•ืจ ืžื””ืช ืœืงื ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืข”ื“ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ื•ื ืคืกืœ, ืขื›”ืค ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ.

ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื“ื ืœืคื™ ืจืข”ื ืกื™’ ืœ”ื— ื“ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ืž’ ืœื›ืชื—ืœื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืกื›ืš ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ืกื›ืš ื›ืฉืจ, ื•ืข’ ื˜”ื– ืืžืื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืœื ืคืกื•ืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ื•ืข’ ืคืž”ื’ ืชืจื›”ื• ืž”ื– ื‘’ ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืจืž”ื˜ ื”ื ื›”ื— ื“ืืชืจื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื’ ื›ืžื•”ื› ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืœื ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ืข’ ืคืž”ื’ ืฆ”ื˜ ื™”ื.

ื•ืœืคื™”ื– ืœื›ื’ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื’ ื‘ืœื™ ืคื™ื˜ื ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื•ืฉืจื™ ืœื›ืชื—ืœื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื•. ื•ืข’ ืจืข”ื ื”ื ”ืœ ื‘ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•”ื— ื™”ื ื“ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื—ื•ื˜ื™ ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ื›ืžื• ืกื›ืš.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโ€l

ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ื“ืขื• ื“ืจืชื™ื›ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื™ ืื•ืชื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื ื™ ื”’ ืืœืงื™ื›ื (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื’,ืžื’)
ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”’ืกื‘ื’ ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืชืฆืœื•ื ืžืคื” ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื•ืช ื‘ื ”ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ืืžืจ ื”ืกื‘ื ืฉืžืคื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืกื“ื™ ื”’ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื”. ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ: ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจื” ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ื—ืฉ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืงืจื ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœ.

ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืกื‘ื: ื ื•ื”ื’ ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ืžืชื’ืื” ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืœืขื– ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืชื›ื—ื™ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื”ืกื™ื”. ืืš ื”ื ื”, ืื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืขืœืœื• ื‘ื”ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”. ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ืืžื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.

ื•ืฆ”ื‘: ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ”ืœ ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ื›ื—ืฉืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ื› ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ื•ืช “ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ื“ืขื• ื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื›ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื™ ืื•ืชื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื›ื—ืฉื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื•? ื•ื›ืŸ ืฆ”ื‘ ืœืžื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืขื•ืช ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื—ื™ืฉื•ื, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ’?

ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ื””ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ: ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื™”ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืขื™”ื– ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื”ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืœื ื• ื•ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืชื—ืงื•ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•. ื•ื›ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื•ืช (ื“,ื‘-ื’) ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื.

ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืกื•ื›ื•ืช, ืฉื ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืœื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื™”ืช ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ื”ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืžืžื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื ื• ืฉืžื™ืžื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื“ื•ืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื ื™ืžื™ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช, ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืืžื•ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ื™”ืช ืฉืจื•ืžืžื ื• ื•ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื.

The Path to Simchah

Harav Hagaon Gedalia Finkel Shlita

Succos, Zman Simchaseinu, which is the peak of all simchos that Klal Yisrael have in their Yamim Tovim, is a reminder of our obligation of simchah all year long. This is such a vital element in avodas Hashem that the Torah warns us in the Tochachah in Parashas Ki Savo that the klalos that befall is are because we did not serve Hashem with joy:ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ืขึธื‘ึทื“ึฐืชึผึธ ืึถืช ื”’ ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื˜ื•ึผื‘ ืœึตื‘ึธื‘.

Rav Chaim Vital writes that often our attitude is that we want to just be yotzei; we canโ€™t wait till the mitzvah is over. Thatโ€™s the opposite of simchah, and that brings on the Tochachah and the klalos, chas veshalom. A Yidโ€™s obligation is to feel simchah with the opportunity to serve Hashem and perform the mitzvos.

Tanna Dvei Eliyahu relates that Eliyahu Hanavi was asked why Yeshayah Hanavi was chosen to transmit the prophecies of nechamah and good tidings to Klal Yisrael, more than any other navi. Eliyahu answered that it was because Yeshayah accepted ol malchus shamayim bโ€™simchah more than the other neviโ€™im, and through the middah of simchah he was zocheh to give the most beautiful nevuos in the history of Klal Yisrael.

Indeed, the Gemara (Shabbos 30b; Pesachim 117a) says that one of the conditions for the shechinah to rest on a Navi is that he has to be bโ€™simchah, as the Rambam (Yesodei HaTorah 7:4) writes:ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžืชื ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืฉื™ืจืฆื• ืืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื“ืขืชื ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ ืœื‘ . Hashem did not give prophecy to a navi whenever he wanted, but through simchah, the navi was zocheh that Hashemโ€™s Shechinah rested upon him.

The simchas beis hashoeivah we celebrate on Succos is referred to as such because we absorbed simchah from there, as the Gemara says:ืฉืžืฉื ืฉื•ืื‘ื™ื ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื” . There, we experienced the epitome of simchah.

How incumbent is it upon us to carry out our avodas Hashem with simchah, not with an attitude of yotzei tzu zein but with a sense of being privileged to serve Hashem and a feeling that weโ€™re here in this world to perform Hashemโ€™s mitzvos. How much simchah that should bring each and every one of us!

Count Your Blessings

How does one achieve simchah? I would say: Count your blessings. Look how wonderful life is in spite of all the trials and tribulations that we sometimes go through. Even with these troubles, weโ€™re still way ahead of the game.

The passuk says in Eichah: ืžึทื” ื™ึผึดืชึฐืื•ึนื ึตืŸ ืึธื“ึธื ื—ึธื™ ื’ึผึถื‘ึถืจ ืขึทืœ ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึธื™ื• โ€“ what does a person have to complain about? Has he overcome his sins? Our whole existence is way beyond whatโ€™s coming to us. We live with Middas Harachamim โ€“ according to Middas Hadin, we donโ€™t have a chance. But Hashem bestows rachamim upon us nonetheless. How can we not be filled with simchah for all the good we have?

Overlook the things that bother you, the people that bother you, the situations that bother โ€“ you still have much more than whatโ€™s coming to you. If you just see the good then youโ€™ll naturally be filled with simchah.

There was a father who had two older unmarried daughters, 26 and 23. Day after day he davened, โ€œRibbono Shel Olam, help me find them shidduchim!โ€

Then, one day, an adam gadol told him, โ€œYou have six children who are married. Did you ever say thank you to Hakadosh Baruch Hu for those shidduchim? First say thank you and then make your request.โ€

The father tried that. He said โ€œModimโ€ from the bottom of his heart for the six shidduchim he had made for his other children, and then he put in his request for his two daughters to get engaged. Lo and behold, a short while later both of his single daughters became kallahs.

After you express your hakaras hatov to Hakadosh Baruch Hu for all for all the good that He does for you, then you are worthy to ask for more.

Bitachon Begets Simchah

We have to appreciate what we have, as the Steipler writes in the first perek of his sefer Chayei Olam that we should take note of all the blessing we take for granted, such as our taste buds. Can you imagine having to eat without enjoying the food? Or our legs, which are thicker on the top and thinner at the bottom so that we can walk?

Everything is full of miracles that we just get used to, out of rote. But itโ€™s all unimaginable chessed that comes to us from the shefa and brachah that Hashem upon bestowed every one of us. How can we not be filled with simchah for every little thing that we have?

This attitude of simchah is particularly appropriate for Zman Simchaseinu, Succos, which is the zman of bitachon. The temporary dwelling of the succah is a symbol of bitachon in Hakadosh Baruch Hu. And when we live with bitachon, weโ€™re on top of the world; we rid ourselves of worries, because Hashem is taking care of us.

When you perform your avodas Hashem the way you should, learning Torah, doing the mitzvos, and carrying out our responsibilities in bein adam lโ€™chaveiro, then you get bitachon, and Hashem will take care of you. And when you live with bitachon, itโ€™s a worry-free life, because youโ€™ll believe that whatever Hashem does for you is for the best.

This is the message we take out of Succos, Zman Simchaseinu: to feel in our hearts the simchah of the mitzvos we do. The Arizal was zocheh to all his Divrei Kabbalah because he performed mitzvos with joy. We have to feel excited in the simchah of doing a mitzvah every morning, whether itโ€™s the mitzvah of Daled Minim or the mitzvah of sitting in the succah, whether itโ€™s the mitzvah of davening or the mitzvah of saying good morning to our friend. Take and cherish the simchah and the opportunity of doing the mitzvos of Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

We should all be zocheh to a simchah-filled Yom Tov, and that Zman Simchaseinu should bring nachas to our family, to Klal Yisrael and to Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

Gut Yom tov.

The Obedient Esrog

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

In the mitzvah to take the arbaah minim โ€“ ื•ึผืœึฐืงึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืคึผึฐืจึดื™ ืขึตืฅ ื”ึธื“ึธืจ ื›ึผึทืคึผึนืช ืชึผึฐืžึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทืขึฒื ึทืฃ ืขึตืฅ ืขึธื‘ึนืช ื•ึฐืขึทืจึฐื‘ึตื™ ื ึธื—ึทืœ ย โ€“ the Torah describes the esrog as a pri eitz hadar. The Gemara (Succah 35a) gives two explanations of how we know that pri eitz hadar is an esrog. One explanation is that the Torah specifies pri eitz, implying that the fruit should come from a tree whose bark tastes the same as the fruit: ืฉื˜ืขื ืขืฆื• ื•ืคืจื™ื• ืฉื•ื”. The other explanation is that the word hadar implies that the fruit is one that remains attached to the tree all year long: ื”ื“ืจ ื‘ืื™ืœื ื• ืžืฉื ื” ืœืฉื ื”. These two descriptions apply only to the esrog fruit.

If the Torah meant an esrog, the meforshim wonder, why didnโ€™t it simply write โ€œesrogโ€? Why describe the esrog in these ambiguous terms and leave it to us to derive the identity of the fruit in question?

The Ramban and Rabbeinu Bachaye both say that the mitzvah of esrog was given to us to atone for the transgression of Adam Harishon, as the Midrash teaches that the Eitz Hadaas was an esrog tree. The Midrash derives this from the fact that the tree they ate from is described as pri eitz, which means that ื˜ืขื ืขืฆื• ื•ืคืจื™ื• ืฉื•ื”. Because they ate from the esrog tree, we are instructed to take the same pri eitz and use it for the mitzvah of arbaah minim.

Why did it just so happen to be that the Eitz Hadaas โ€“ from which Adam and Chava were forbidden to eat, yet ate anyway โ€“ was the esrog tree? And what is the significance of the fact that its fruit and bark tasted the same?

The Meshech Chochmah raises another question regarding the Eitz Hadaas. Originally, Hashem told Adam that he may eat all fruit:ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืคึฐืจึดื™ ืขึตืฅ ื–ึนืจึตืขึท ื–ึธืจึทืข ืœึธื›ึถื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืึธื›ึฐืœึธื”. Later, however, Hashem instructed him not to eat from the Eitz Hadaas. Why didnโ€™t Hashem tell him right away that he could eat from all the fruit trees bar one?

The Meshech Chochmah explains that, in truth, the original instruction permitting Adam to eat from all the trees did exclude the Eitz Hadaas. The passuk says: ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืคึฐืจึดื™ ืขึตืฅ ื–ึนืจึตืขึท ื–ึธืจึทืข ืœึธื›ึถื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืึธื›ึฐืœึธื”, referring to trees whose fruit and bark taste different. Adam was never given permission to eat from the Eitz Hadaas, the esrog tree, which was the only tree whose fruit and bark taste the same.

Why wasnโ€™t he allowed to eat from that one tree? And why was he tempted to eat from it?

Chazal tell us that Hakadosh Baruch Hu originally instructed all the trees are to produce fruit that tastes the same as the treeโ€™s bark. With the sole exception of the esrog tree, all the trees decided to produce fruit that tasted different from the bark.

The Mistake of the Trees

Why didnโ€™t the trees listen to Hashemโ€™s instruction? The meforshim explain that the esrog is not a user-friendly fruit; it has a sharp, bitter taste similar to the bark of the tree. Unless it is cooked, coated with sugar, or otherwise readied for eating, it is not edible.

Any fruit tree that would have produced fruit that tasted like the bark would have had the same problem: the fruit wouldnโ€™t have been edible in its natural state. The trees therefore decided that they would do a better job than Hakadosh Baruch Hu told them to; they would produce fruit that is completely edible in its natural state.

What was their mistake? The Beis Halevi explains that no one should ever try to be smarter than Hashem. You donโ€™t understand His reasons; you shouldnโ€™t think you can make a better briah than Hakadosh Baruch Hu. Of all the trees, the esrog tree was the only one that fulfilled ratzon Hashem whether or not it understood it, and did not attempt to do better.

Hakadosh Baruch Hu instructed Adam Harishon not to eat from the Eitz Hadaas, which represented complete adherence to His will with no cheshbonos. Adam Harishon decided, however, to eat from the Eitz Hadaas. Rav Dessler cites the Arizal, and the Yismach Moshe says similarly, that Adam knew that eating from the Eitz Hadaas would result in his receiving a yetzer hara, and his intention was very noble. Itโ€™s no great mitzvah to follow ratzon Hashem when you donโ€™t have a yetzer hara, he reasoned. Instead, he opted to eat from the Eitz Hadaas and introduce a yetzer hara into himself, after which he would withstand the temptation of the yetzer hara and be a more accomplished person than Hashem created him to be.

His reasoning was sound, in essence โ€“ but he had instructions otherwise. And if Hashem gives you instructions, you may not disobey those instructions even if your seichel tells you that you can do better. When Adam Harishon ate from the Eitz Hadaas, he made the same mistake as the trees, which also ignored Hashemโ€™s instructions, thinking they could do better.

When Adam ate from the Eitz Hadaas, he dragged down the entire Creation, including the esrog, the one thing left in the Creation that represented complete and utter obedience to Hashemโ€™s instructions. Therefore, say the Ramban and Rabbeinu Bachaye, we have a mitzvah of ื•ึผืœึฐืงึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืคึผึฐืจึดื™ ืขึตืฅ ื”ึธื“ึธืจ โ€“ to take the esrog and put it back on the tree, so to speak. We admire the chashivus of the pri eitz hadar for having obeyed Hashemโ€™s instruction implicitly, even if it preferred to do otherwise. When we take the esrog, and pay a lot of money for it, we are in essence righting the transgression of Adam Harishon, who did not follow Hashemโ€™s instruction the way the esrog tree did.

When the Torah describes the esrog, it gives a description of its essence, hinting at the two qualities that give it chashivus: pri eitz โ€“ itโ€™s the fruit of a tree whose bark and fruit taste the same, and hadar โ€“ itโ€™s a fruit that remains attached at all times to the tree it grows from, symbolizing that the esrog clings to its Source, Hakadosh Baruch Hu. Thatโ€™s what we admire about the esrog, and thatโ€™s why the Torah calls it a pri eitz hadar instead of identifying it as an esrog. Hadar is also a lashon of beauty, specifically a beauty that emanates from within. The esrog possesses an intrinsic, internal beauty, because itโ€™s the only fruit that followed the instruction of Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

With this idea, we can better understand the Gemara (Succah 26b) about the Tzeduki who performed nisuch hamayim incorrectly, defying the tradition of Chazal and their interpretation of the Torah, and was then pelted with esrogim by the onlookers. Why, asks the Ritva, did the people used esrogim, which are mitzvah objects, to pelt the Tzeduki? He answers that it was an honor for the esrogim to be used for this purpose.

The deeper meaning in the Ritvaโ€™s words is that the Tzeduki believed that his own intellect could do better than the instructions of Hakadosh Baruch Hu, and the esrog symbolizes those who follow in the way of Hashem implicitly, without thinking that they know better. Pelting the Tzeduki with the esrogim was therefore highly appropriate.

The Nesivos revealed that the roots of the esrog tree grow in the form of the letters of Hashemโ€™s Name ื™-ื”-ื•-ื”, and other meforshim tell us that while every other fruit tree has an angel that encourages its growth, the esrog tree is under the direct supervision of the Ribbono Shel Olam Himself. Thatโ€™s because the esrog tree followed the instruction of Hakadosh Baruch Hu implicitly and produced fruit and bark that taste the same.

May we be zocheh that our mitzvah of arbaah minim should protect us, and may we be zocheh to all the segulos contained in this mitzvah.

Not Only Walls; Hashgachas Hashem

Hagaon Harav Refoel Katz Shlita

The Gemara in Succah teaches that a succah taller than 20 amos is passul, for three reasons. Rav Zeiraโ€™s reason is that a person must sit in the shade of the sโ€™chach, as the passuk in Yeshayah says:ื•ึฐืกึปื›ึผึธื” ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืฆึตืœ ื™ื•ึนืžึธื ืžึตื—ึนืจึถื‘ . In a succah whose height is under 20 amos, a person is sitting in the shade of the sโ€™chach. If the succah is taller than twenty amos, however, the person is not sitting in the shade of the sโ€™chach, but rather in the shade of the walls.

The sโ€™chach is an integral part of the succah โ€“ in fact, the name โ€œsuccahโ€ comes from the word โ€œsโ€™chachโ€ โ€“ and therefore, a person needs to be sitting in the shade of the sโ€™chach, and not of the walls.

The Aruch Laner at the end of Maseches Succah explains that the succahโ€™s walls represent Olam Hazeh and the materialism that surrounds a person in this world, while the sโ€™chach represents the continuous Hashgachah of Hakadosh Baruch Hu. When a person lifts his eyes and sees the sโ€™chach, he remembers that the world heโ€™s living in is the world of Hashem, and he feels and remembers that Hashem is watching over him. But when the succah is higher than 20 amos, all he sees is walls. He doesnโ€™t see the sโ€™chach, and so he misses the point of the succah, which is to remind ourselves of Hashgachas Hashem and to put our faith in Him, not in human beings.

When a person feels that the world heโ€™s in is a world of Hashgachas Hashem, then no matter what the situation, he will sense Hashemโ€™s love and recognize that whatever happens in the world โ€“ whether itโ€™s seemingly good or seemingly bad โ€“ is all Hashgachas Hashem. Itโ€™s all good. Knowing that heโ€™s in the world of Hashem causes a person to be sameiach bโ€™chelko, happy with his lot.

Many years ago, my good friend and rebbi Rav Simcha Ellis shlita brought a bachur to visit Rav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโ€l on Chol Hamoed Succos. When they knocked on the door, the rebbetzin, she should be gezunt un shtark, answered the door and said apologetically that the rosh yeshiva was not receiving visitors that day, but offered that they could go into the succah just to wish him Ah Gutten Moed. When Rav Ellis and his talmid entered the succah, they found Rav Nosson Tzvi lying on his bed not feeling well, his body ravaged by Parkinsonโ€™s. They went over to wish him Ah Gutten Moed, and he began mumbling some words in response.

When Rav Ellis leaned over to hear what Rav Nosson Tzvi was saying, the words he heard were: โ€œIsnโ€™t it wonderful? A person can just lie in the succah and be yotzei the mitzvah of succah.โ€

Here was a man who was suffering, yet he was happy with his lot, and while lying in the succah he was reminding himself that whatever happens is always good.

The Yaaros Devash explains that the concept of succah is not just for Succos โ€“ itโ€™s for the whole year. All year round, a person has to remind himself what the succah represents: constant Hashgachas Hashem, and constant sameiach bโ€™chelko.

Succos is a time to reflect and remind ourselves of the good things that Hashem gives us, such as nachas from our children, and the Torah and the mitzvos, and that brings us to happiness. This is the message of succah, and this is what we take with us for the rest of the year.

May we be zocheh to constantly be happy and remember the good things Hashem gives us, and through that may we be zocheh to sit in the succah of the Oro shel Livyasan, ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืŸ.

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