BereishisVayetzei

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื•ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืฉื ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื™ืงื— ืžืื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ื™ืฉื ืžืจืืฉืชื™ื• ื•ื™ืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื (ื›ื—, ื™ื).
ืจืฉืดื™: ื•ื™ืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื – ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉื›ื‘ ืื‘ืœ ื™ืดื“ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ, ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืดื•ื™ื’ืฉ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื™ื’ืœ ืืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ื™ืฉืง ืืช ืฆืืŸ ืœื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ ืืžื•โ€, ื•ืื™ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ืงื”ืดืจ ื˜, ื™ื’) ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ืื“ื ืฉืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืงืง ืžืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืœื•ื—ื™ืช. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ื’ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ื’ืœืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื›ืื“ื ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืงืง ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื•ื—ื™ืช. ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืคืœื ืžืื•ื“, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ื—ื• ืจื‘ ื•ืขืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ืืš ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ื”ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื ื™ื ื• (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื•, ื‘) ืฉืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืฉืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื.

ื‘ื™ืืจ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”: ื”ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื’ืฉื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžืขืฉื” ื’ืœื™ืœืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื: โ€ื™ื—ื“ ืœื‘ ื•ื’ืœ ืื‘ืŸ ืžืคื™ ื‘ืืจ ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืืœ ืชืžื ืข ืžื™ืโ€. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืกื•ื“ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื•ื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืจื‘, ืืœื ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืœื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื•, ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ื–ืืช ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื, ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ื™ื•ืจื™ื“ ืœื ื• ืžื™ื.

ืžืขืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉืืฃ ื’ื‘ื•ืจืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืœื ืฉื›ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ืชื• ื™ืดื“ ืฉื ื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื ื™ื— ืจืืฉื• ืขืœ ืื‘ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชื•ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช, ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืฉื ื›ืš, ื•ืœื›ืš ื–ื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื ืœื•ืœื™ ื–ื”.

ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื ืœื—ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื—ื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื”ืงืฉื” ื›ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ืื ื™ืื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“, ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืขืชื ื“ืฉืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ื™ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืžืœืื•ืช ืืช ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื•. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžื•ืคืœื’ื™ื, ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ื‘ืขืžืงื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ื–ื›ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืขืชื ื“ืฉืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช, ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

ื›ื— ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืœื‘! ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื•, ื“ืขืชื•, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื›ื— ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ืžื ืข ืžืžื ื• ื–ืืช!

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ
ืขื ืคืจื™ืฆืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื” ืœืขื™ืจ ื•ื™ืœื ื ืฉื‘ืœื™ื˜ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื ืช ื—ืœืงื, ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืชื™ืงื•ื ื.

ืื•ืœื, ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืกืœื• ืช”ืฉ ื ื’ื–ืจื” ื”ื’ื–ืจื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื ืืœืฆื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ื””ื— ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืืจื• ื™ื—ื“ ื•ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืขื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ.

ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื•ื”ื“ืื’ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื, ืฉืงืขื• ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื•ื”ืชืขืœื• ืœื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ืชื™ืืจ ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ:

ืดื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” -ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ืจ- ืžืชื ื•ืกืก ื’ื ืคื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื• ื•ื™ืคืขืช ืงื“ืฉื•. ื›ืฉืœืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ืดื• ืขื ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื•ื”ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืฆืœื ื•, ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืณ ื™ื•ืžื ื•ืœื™ืœื”. ื•ืื ื”ืงืžื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืกื’ืจื• ื•ื”ืจืกื• ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื• ื—ืดื• ืืช ืงื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื ื” ืงื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื•ื–ื• ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื•ืงืข ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืžื›ืืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืขืชื™ืง – ื ืงื•ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ืขื–ืดื” ืœื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืฆืœื” ืืžื™ืชื™, ื•ื™ืคืจื•ืฉึน ืžืฉื ืืช ืื•ืจื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ!ืด

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ื•ื™ืฆื

ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™

(ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืจ”ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืฉื” ื’ืจื‘ืื– ื ”ื™. ื•ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื‘ืžืกื™”ื  ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงื™ื•ื ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืืชื ื” ื™ื“ืขืชืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™. ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื—ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื™ืคื ื” ื™ืฆืœื™ื—).

 

ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœ’ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืขืงื‘ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื›ืœื ื™ ื—ืจื‘ ื•ืงืจื— ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ืข’ ื‘”ืž ืฆ”ื’ ืข”ื‘ ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื›ืœื ื™ ื—ืจื‘ ื•ืงืจื— ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. (ื•ืข”ืฉ ื“ืžืกื™ืง ื‘ื’ืž’ ื“ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ ื ื˜ื™ืจื•ืชื ื™ืชื™ืจืชื ื›ื—ื–ื ื™ ืžืชื). ื•ืœื›ื’ ืง’ ื•ื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื˜ืจื™ืคื” ืœื ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืืœื™ืš ื•ื”ืจื™ ืฉ”ืฉ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ื ืก ื•ืข”ื› ืขืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. (ื•ื›”ื› ืœื”ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงื•ื ื™). ื•ืœื›ื’ ื™”ืœ ืœืื™ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื“ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉ”ืฉ ื ืืžืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื™”ืœ ื“ืื™ื™ืจื™ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ื””ื’ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืจื‘ื ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื›ื””ื’ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ื•ืข”ืข ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœ’ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืขืงื‘ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•. ื•ืงืฉื” ื“ื”ืจื™ ืžืกืงื ืช ื’ืž’ ื”ื ”ืœ ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื•ืชื™ืจืฆื• ื“ื”ื’ืž’ ืงืื™ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœืœื‘ืŸ, ื•ื›ืขืก ืขืžื•, ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขื ืจื—ืœ ื•ืœืื”, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืฆ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืœื ื’ื ื‘ ืžืœื‘ืŸ, ืืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืคืจืฉ ืฉืžื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืจื™ื•ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืจืง ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืœื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ืŸ ืจื™ืžื” ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืื‘ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืœ ื‘ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื›ืŸ.

(ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœ”ื™ ืคื™”ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ืงื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืงืจื ื“ื™ืขืงื‘, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœืœื‘ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื’ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ).

(ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื–ื›ื” ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืคืจื•ืฅ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืื“ ืžืื“, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืชื™ืงืฉื™ ื“ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื›ื” ืœื–ื” ื›ื™ ืขืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื•ื‘ืœื”ื” ืชื™ืงืฉื™ ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืžื ืœื™ื” ื“ื–ื”ื• ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื• ื•ื™ืคืจื•ืฅ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืื“, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ, ื•ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืœื‘ืŸ ืจื™ื ื ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืข”ื– ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœืจื—ืœ ื•ืœืื” ื•ืืชื ื” ื™ื“ืขืชืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื™ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื›ืŸ).

ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžืจืฉ”ื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื–’ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืŸ ื›”ื› ืจืžืื™. ื•ืข’ ืื’”ืž ื™ื•”ื“ ื—”ื ืงืœ”ื— ื“ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื‘ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื• ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ, ื•ืจืื™ื” ืžื™ืขืงื‘.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ื“ืžื””ื˜ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืฉืงืจื ืœื ืฉื™ื• ื”ืฉื“ื” ืืœ ืฆืื ื•, ืฉืœื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืืŸ ืœืจื’ืข.

(ื•ืื’ื‘, ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ื”ื ”ืœ ืงืจื ืœื• ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง, ื•ื‘ืขืœืžื ืงืจื ืœื• ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืข’ ืค”ื– ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื””ืช ื””ื’ ื•ืค”ื ืžืข”ื– ื””ื’ ื•ืค”ื ืžืง”ืฉ ื””ื“ ื•ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืค”ื ืžืื™ืฉื•ืช ื””ื• ื•ื‘ืค”ื• ืžืขืจื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืœ”ื’ ื•ืค”ื” ืžืžืœื›ื™ื ื”ื™”ื. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื•, ืืœื ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ. ื•ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื“ืข”ื– ืืžืจื• ื‘ืกื•ื˜ื” ื™”ื’ ืข”ื‘ ื•ื‘ืจ”ื” ื™”ื ืข”ื ืฉื”’ ืžืžืœื ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื).

 

 

ื•ื™ืฉืœื—

ืชืคืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš

(ื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืข”ื” ืžืื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื™ืจื—ื™ ื›ืœื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืžื” ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืชืคืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš).

ืข’ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœ’ ืข”ื ืื™ืžืช ืžืฆืœื™ ื•ื›ื•’ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืืžืจ ืจ’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื—ืกื“ื ืขื“ ืคืจืกื”. ื•ืจืฉ”ื™ ืคื™’ ืฉืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืœืš ืคืจืกื” ื™ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœื ืื—”ื›. ื•ื”ืจื”ืฉ ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžื” ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš. (ื•ืคื ”ื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื“ืจืš ืื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ืขืชื•).

ื•ื‘ืžืื™ืจื™ ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ืขืช ืจืฉ”ื™ “ืฉืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื” ืขื“ ืคืจืกื”, ืžืฉื ื•ืื™ืœืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืžืœืš ื‘ืงื•ื ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื””. ื•ืข”ืฉ ืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืคื™’ ื“ื›ืœ ืขื™ืงืจ ืชืคืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืž”ืฉ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื”ืžืœืš, ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช, (ื•ืืฃ ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืžื””ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืชืคืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืืœื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช), ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืคื™’ ื“ืขืช ื”ืคืจ”ื— ื“ืก”ืœ ื“ืชืคืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืชื—ืœืช ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืชืขื›ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš, ื•ืœื ื›ื›ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจ”ื.

 

ื•ืข’ ืก’ ืกื“ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืื“ืจ”ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ืขืž’ 42 ืฉืืžืจ ืชืคื””ื“ ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืกืคื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช.

ื•ืข’ ืืžืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืขืž’ ืก”ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืก ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืจืื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื” ื›”ื ื“’ ืจืง ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืก ืขืœื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ืคื•ืœ.

ื•ืข’ ื‘ืชื”ืœ”ื“ ื‘ื”ืฉืžื˜ื•ืช ื“ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื™ ืชื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืคืจืกื”, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืกื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืื’ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืœื‘ื• ื“ื’ื ื‘ืกืคื™ื ื” ืชื•ืœื” ื‘ืคืจืกื” ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื“ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ื‘ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืกื›ื ื” ื‘ืคืจืกื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ.

ื•ืœื›ื’ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื ืœืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืกื›ื ืช ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ, ื•ืœื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืกืชื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืกื›ื ื”. ืžื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืœื–ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืกืชื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืกื›ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื ื•ืกืข ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ืจ ืคืจืกื”, ื•ืืฃ ื“ืœื›ื’ ืœื ืงื™ื™”ืœ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืœื ื›ื”ืจื”ืฉ ืž”ืž ื—ื–ื™ื ืŸ ื“ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืกื›ื ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ืฆ”ืค ืฉืœื ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื ื“ืจืš, ื•ื›ืžื• ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืžืœ ื“ื™”ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ืข’ ืžื ื—”ื™ ื—”ื‘ ืž”ื–.

ื•ืข’ ืคืจื“ืก”ื™ ืค’ ืžืงืฅ ื‘ืฉื ืืžืจื™ ืืžืช ืฉืœื ื”ืจื—ื™ืงื• ืคืจืกื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืœื ื‘ื”ืจื—ื™ืง ืคืจืกื” ื•ืฆ”ืข ื“ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ืข’ ืœืขื™ืœ. ื•ืข’ ื˜”ื– ื“ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื‘ืžื’”ื ื“ื•ืงื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื‘ืฉื ืขืžืง ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื“ื•ืงื ืื—ืจ ืžื™ืœ. ื•ืœื›ื’ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืืžืจื™ ืืžืช ืฉืœื ื”ืจื—ื™ืงื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื™ืœ, ื•ืขืค”ื™ ืขืžืง ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื ”ืœ.

ื•ืข’ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื” ืขืž’ ืจื ”ื‘ ื“ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืชืคืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. (ื•ืœื›ื’ ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื ื”ื•ื ื›ืชืคืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื” ืžืžื˜ื‘ืข ืฉื˜ื‘ืขื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Refoel Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื) ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœื—ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื— ื›), ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืœื ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฉื “ื–ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืžืืช ื”ืฉื ืœื ื™ืฉืืœื• ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืจืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื”ื ืœื• ืœืื“ื ืฉื™ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•”.

ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ื“ื™ ืœื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื›”ื› ื”ืžื‘ื™”ื˜ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื ืฉืขืจ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืค”ื’, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข”ื” ืœื ืฉืืœ ืžืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืืœื ืœื—ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืื” ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขื˜, ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจืง (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆ”ื“ ืข”ื‘), ื•ืœื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื”’ ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ืŸ. ื•ืขื›”ื– ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘’ ืจืฆื•ื ื ื•ื—ืคืฆื ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืœืคืจื ืก ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืคืืจื”, ื’ื ื›ื™ ืื ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืœืฉื•ื ื, ื”ืฉื ื™ืช’ ืขื•ืฉื” ืจืฆื•ื ื. ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›”ื—) ื•ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืชืชืŸ ืœื™ ืขืฉืจ ืืขืฉืจื ื• ืœืš, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ืื™ื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืžืžืš ื›ื™ ืื ืœื—ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืชืŸ ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืขืฉืจ ืืขืฉืจื ื• ืœืš. ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื“ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื›ื•ื‘ื“, ื›ื™ ื“ื™ ืœื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื•.

ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ “ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืช ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื• ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืจื ืืช ื”ืฉื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžื— ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ื•ืฉื™ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื•ืฉืœื ื™ืชืื•ื” ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”ืฉื,. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ืข”ื” ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ืžื“ืช ื”ื”ืกืชืคืงื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื—) ืจื™ืฉ ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ ืืœ ืชืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ื˜ืจื™ืคื ื™ ืœื—ื ื—ืงื™, ื‘ื™ืืจ ื•ืขื ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื ื”ืื“ื ืืœ ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืงื ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื’ืกื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื’ื‘ื” ืœื‘, ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื) ื•ืขืฉื™ืจ ื™ืขื ื” ืขื–ื•ืช, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ืžื ื• ืชื•ืขื‘ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื ื˜ื–) ืชื•ืขื‘ืช ื”’ ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื” ืœื‘. [ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžื ื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ืฉื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื, ืคืŸ ืืฉื‘ืข ื•ื›ื—ืฉืชื™ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืžื™ ื”’, ื•ื”ื•ื ืข”ื“ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—’ ื™”ื‘ ื•ื”ืœืื”) ืคืŸ ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืฉื‘ืขืช ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ื‘ืงืจืš ื•ืฆืื ืš ื™ืจื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ืจื ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ืฉื›ื—ืช ื ื”’ ืืœื•ืงื™ืš ื•ื’ื•’].

ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ืฉื – ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ืžืขื•ื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืžื•ื ืข ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื ืœื—ื ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœืžื” ื•ืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ืœ ื—) ืจืฉ ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ ืืœ ืชืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ื˜ืจื™ืคื ื™ ืœื—ื ื—ืงื™. ืข”ื› ืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ืžื ืขื”ื• ื”’ ืžืŸ ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืจื‘ ืคื ื™ื ื™ื, ืืœื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืœื—ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืžื” ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืœ”ืœ ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœื—ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“, ื•ื›ื™ ืก”ื“ ืฉื™ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืœื—ื ื•ื™ืื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœืคืจืฉ ืœื—ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืืœื ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืœื—ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื“ื™ ืื›ื™ืœืชื•, ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื“ื™ ืฆืจื›ื•, ื•ื™ื ืฆืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื˜ื, ืข”ื› ืืžืจ ืžื™ื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื–ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ”ื™. ื•ื ืจืื” ื“ื“ื™ื•ืงื• ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืœื—ื ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ื•ื“ื™ ืœื• ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ ืœื—ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“, ื•ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื ืžืฆื ืœืค”ื– ื“ืœื ื ืชืžืœืื” ื‘ืงืฉืชื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืคืจืฅ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืœื• ืฆืืŸ ื•ื’ื•’, ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืจื—ืœ ื•ืœืื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื•ื’ื•’, ื•ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื ืชืขืฉืจ ื™ืขืงื‘. ื•ืงืฉื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืชื•. ืื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ื“ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจ ืžืื“, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ: ื•ื’ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ืฉืืœืช ื ืชืชื™ ืœืš, ื’ื ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืœื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ืš, (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื’ ื’’ ื™”ื’), ื•ื ืืžืจ: ื•ื™ื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืœืžื” ืžื›ืœ ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœืขืฉืจ ื•ืœื—ื›ืžื” (ืฉื ื™’ ื›”ื’).

ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš. ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื“ืข ืœืกื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ,ย  ืœื ื™ื–ื™ืงื”ื• ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืฆืœื• “ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืœืคืจื ืก ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืคืืจื”, ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื ื”ื ”ืœ. ืข”ื› ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื”ื ืขื•ืฉืจ ื ื’ื“ ื‘ืงืฉืชื.

ื‘) ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ืื ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืžื ืข ืžื”ื.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคื™”ื˜ ื›’ ืขืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืชื”ื™ื•, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื (ืคืจืฉื” ื ื‘) ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ืชื”ื™ื• ื•ื›ื•’, ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ื” ื ืงืจืื™ื ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื™ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืืฉืชื• ื•ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’ ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื‘ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืคืจื˜ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืกืจ ืื•ืชื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ืฆื•ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื™ืงื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื•, ื›ืžื• ืฉืงืจื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื• ื”) ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ืงื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื— ื•ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื’ื ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืคื™ื• ื•ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืžื”ืชื’ืืœ ื‘ืจื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืกื” ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืžืืก, ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื˜ ื˜ื–) ื•ื›ืœ ืคื” ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื ื‘ืœื”, ื•ื™ืงื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ื›ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืขืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืฉื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื™ืžื™ื•, ื‘ืืœื• ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื›ื•’, ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื ืžืœื›ืœื›ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื™ืขื•ืจื™ื.

ื•ืขื™’ ืจืžื‘”ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื“ืขื•ืช ืค”ื’ ื””ื, ืฉืžื ื™ืืžืจ ืื“ื ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืงื ืื” ื•ื”ืชืื•ื” ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ื ื“ืจืš ืจืขื” ื”ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืืชืจื—ืง ืœืฆื“ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชื” ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ื ืื” ื•ืœื ื™ืœื‘ืฉ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื ืื” ืืœื ื”ืฉืง ื•ื”ืฆืžืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื”ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื’ื ื–ื” ื“ืจืš ืจืขื” ื”ื™ื ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื”, ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ืงืจื ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ื ื–ื™ืจ ื•ื›ืคืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžื” ืื ื ื–ื™ืจ ืฉืœื ืคื™ืจืฉ ืืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืคืจื”, ื”ืžื•ื ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื”, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆื•ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืžื ืข ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ืขืชื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื ืื•ืกืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืš ืžื” ืฉืืกืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืฉืืชื” ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื” ืืœื• ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืืกืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื ืื“ื ืžืกื’ืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื•ืืžืจ: ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืืœ ืชืชื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื” ืชืฉื•ืžื.

ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ, ื“ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืืฃ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื””ื–.

ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื™”ืœ ืขืคืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืคื™”ื’ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื—ืœืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช. ื•ืชืจืื” ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืžืฆื˜ืจืš ืืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื”ืœืื” ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืกื™ื“. ื•ื ืžืฆื ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ืจ ืžืจืข ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื–”ืœ (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื›) ืงื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžืš ื‘ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืš, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืจืืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื” ืขืฆืžื”, ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืจืฉ ื•ืžืจื—ื™ืง ืขืฆืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืฉืื•ืกืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืœืฉืœื ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื™ื ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ืฉ ื•ืคืจื•ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื ืก ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืฉืœื ื ืืกืจื• ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื•ื—ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืจืข ื”ืจื—ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ืขื™”ืฉ ื“ืœื ื’ื–ืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ืืš ื”ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืขื ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงืจื‘ืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืœื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื ืชืœื” ื‘ื, ืœื”ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฉื ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ื ื”ื ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื”’, ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื•ืžื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืฉื•ื” ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืื—ืช, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืœื•, ื”ื ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื™ื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื”ื›ื ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื”, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื’ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืืœ ืื”ื‘ืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื•.

ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืค”ื– ื“ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืชื”ื™ื• ื”ื™ื “ืžืฉื ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš, ืืœื ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื”ื ”ืœ “ืฆื•ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืžื ืข ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ืขืชื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื ืื•ืกืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืš ืžื” ืฉืืกืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืฉืืชื” ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”. ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื ื•ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจืง ืื ื”ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืจื’ืฉืช ื”ืœื‘, ื•ืœื ืื ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืœืžื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื• ืขื ื™ืŸ “ืื ื ื—ืœื ื‘ืจ ื—ืžืจื”, ื•ืข”ื› ืจืง ืžื” ืฉืขืœื” ื‘ืžืกื™ืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื“ืจื’ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช. ืื›ืŸ ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื.

ืžื•ืฆืฉ”ืง ื•ื™ืฆื ืชืฉืก”ื— โ€“ ืžื™ื”ื• ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืค”ื“ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื, ืฉืžื” ืฉืขืฉื• ืื•ืชื ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื”ื ื—ืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืฉืชื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืจื—ืงืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืžืจ ื•ื”ืฉืขืจ, ื•ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ืœื ืขืฉื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื” ืืœื ื“ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื–ื›ืจื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืคืกื“ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื™ืจืื• ืฉื”ื ื ืคืกื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชื ื•ืจืขื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืคื—ื“ื• ืžื”ืคืกื“ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื• ืœื”ื ืœืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืื“ื ืจืข, ื›ืžืืžืจ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื (ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื˜’ ื’), “ืžื™ ื™ืชื ื ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืœื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืืขื–ื‘ื” ืืช ืขืžื™ ื•ืืœื›ื” ืžืืชื ื›ื™ ื›ืœื ืžื ืืคื™ื ืขืฆืจืช ื‘ื•ื’ื“ื™ื”. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืื• ื”ื›ืกื™ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืขืฉื• ืืœื• ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ื•ื ืชืŸ, ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ื ื• ืืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื•ืชื ื•ื™ืขื ื• ืืช ื’ื•ืคืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืขื ื•ื™, ื•ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื ื”ืงื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ืžืขืœื” ื•ืžื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืฉืขืฉื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื™ืชืงืจื‘ ื”ืื“ื ืœืฉื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื•ื ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืื‘ื“ื•, ื•ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืืœื• ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื’ื™ืข ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืชืžื™ืžื” ื•ื›ื•’, ืœื ื–ื›ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื”, ื•ืืžื ื ื›ื•ื ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ืช, ื™ืื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™, ื•ื™ืฉืชื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™, ื•ื™ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื‘ืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™, ื•ื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืœื‘ืฉ ื”ืฆืžืจ ื•ื”ืฉืขืจ, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืขื ื” ื’ื•ืคื•, ื•ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืžื–ื” ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืืžืจ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•’ ื™”ื), “ื•ื›ืคืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ” ื•ื›ื•’ , ืขื™”ืฉ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื”.

ื•ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื“ืื ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš “ืจืคื•ืืช ื ืคืฉื•” ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื ื˜ื™ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื” ื“ืจืš ืจืขื”, ื•ื ื’ื“ ื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืฉ”ื› ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืค”ื™ ื”ื˜”ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืœื”’ ื“ืจืš ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ืื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื ื–ืจ ืืœื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉื• ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื”’, ื•ืฉืงืœื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื ื‘ื™ื (ืฉื ืืžืจ) ื•ืืงื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื›ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื›ื ืœื ื–ื™ืจื™ื. ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• “ื“ืจืš ืงื“ื•ืฉื”” ืื™ื ื” ืฉืชื”ื ื›ื•ื ืชื• ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ืœืฉื ืงื ืก ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชื ืื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฉื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืจืขื” ื”ื™ื ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื–ื™ืจ ื ืงืจื ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื›ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืœืจืคื•ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืืžืจื• ื”ืจืื•ื” ืกื•ื˜ื” ื‘ืงืœืงื•ืœื” ื™ื–ื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›”ื› ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ื ื“ืจื™ื ื˜’ ื‘’, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื ื–ืจ ืœื›ืคืจืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื•, ืื™ื ื” ืžื“ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ื–ืจ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ื•ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืข ื™ืฆืจื• ืœืฉื ื•ืœื ืขื•ืœ ื“ืœืช ืื• ืœื’ื“ื•ืจ ืคืจืฅ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื™ืฆืจื• ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืžื“ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•’ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื” ืขืฆืžื• ืจื“ื•ืฃ ืœืื™ ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื’ื•ื ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืžื“ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืขื™”ืฉ ืฉื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื“ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง, ื•ื”ื› ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืžืฆืขืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืงืจื ื—ื•ื˜ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื ืงืจื ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ืš ืœืจืคื•ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื ื•ื— ืœื• ืฉื™ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื•ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืžืฆื ื ืคืฉื• ืกืขื“ ื•ืขื–ืจ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื, ื•ืœื ื™ืกื’ืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ืžืฉื—ื™ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืžื”ื™ื›ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืขืฆืžื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ืš ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžืฆื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื• ืขื›”ื“. ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืžื‘,”ื ื”ื ”ืœ.

ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื”ื ”ืœ ืฉื”ื›ืœื™ืœ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉืžืขื• ื“ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื–ื”.

 

ื’) ื•ื”ื ื” ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช ืค”ื• ืž”ื“, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืจื” ืชืฉืชื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ืชื—ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ. ื•ืื ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืืฉืจื™ืš ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš, ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ื•ืคื™’ ืจืฉ”ื™ ืฉื, ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืœื ื””ืง ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœืื“ื ืืœื ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืจ ื•ื›ืกืช, ืืœ ืชืžื ืข ืžืœื”ืขืกืง ื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ืกื•ืคื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืชื” ืžืขื•ืฉืจ.

ื•ื›”ื› ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื‘ืคื™ื”ืž”ืฉ ืฉื, ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืืคื™’ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืœื ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืืœ ืชืžื ืข ืžืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืค”ื’ ื””ื• ื›ืชื‘ “ืžื™ ืฉื ืฉืื• ืœื‘ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืชืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืœื‘ื• ืฉื™ืงื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืื—ืช, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืจื” ืชืฉืชื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืฆืขืจ ืชื—ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ”, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื–ื•, ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืกื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืคื™ื””ืž “ืืคื™’ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืœื ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืืœ ืชืžื ืข ืžืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื””. ื•ื™”ืœ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ ื™ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืจืง ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ื›ื•’, ืืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืจื— ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขื•ืฉืจ, ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื› “ืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืœื‘ื• ืฉื™ืงื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืื—ืช”, ื•ืœืค”ื– ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืคื™ื””ืž.

ื•ืžืฉ”ื› ืจืฉ”ื™ ืฉื ืืœ ืชืžื ืข ืžืœื”ืขืกืง ื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ืกื•ืคื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืชื” ืžืขื•ืฉืจ, ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืคื™’ ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืฉื ื™ื ื• ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื–, ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืจื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื•ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžืช, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ ืžื” ื•ืืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื ื™ืขื–ื‘ื ื• ื•ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื, ื•ื–ืฉ”ื ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ื›ื•’, ืจ”ืœ ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืš, ืื‘ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ื–ืฉ”ื ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ืขื™”ืฉ. [ื•ืฆ”ื‘ ื•ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืช”ืช, ื•ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืคื” ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“, ื•ืฉืžื ื‘ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืžื ืข ืžืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ืขื•ืฉืจ, ื•ื–ื” ื“ื•ื—ืง]. ื•ืขื™”ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื ืชืชืื•ื” ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื•ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื, ื•ืชื•ืจืชืš ืื™ืžืชื™ ื ืขืฉื™ืช, ืœื–ืืช ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ืš ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืืœื ืคืช ื—ืจื™ื‘ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืœืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ ืชืื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื”, ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืขืžืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื”, ื•ืž”ืž ืื ื™ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืš ื”’ ื•ืชื–ื›ื” ืœืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื—ื ื•ืช, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš ืœืขื•ื””ื‘.

ื•ืขื™’ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืžื”ืจ”ืœ ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื“ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืžืฉืžืข ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื›ืš ืจืื•ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืจืื” ืฉืจ”ืœ ื›ืš ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ืคืจืง ืจ”ืข (ืฉื‘ืช ืค”ื’ ืข”ื‘) ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ืžื•ืช ืข”ื› ืœืฉื•ื ื•, ื•ืคื™’ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ืžืจื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืคื›ื™ื ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื—ืžืจื™, ืฉืื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื—ืžืจื™ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ืคื›ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื™ื ื™ื—ื“. ื•ืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืจืง ืื ืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขื“ ืฉืžืกืœืง ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ, ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืื“ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืœืง ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขื“ ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ื”ืื“ืžื” ืื– ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื” ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืžืฉืš ื›ืœืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืชืื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื›ื•’. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื ืืžืจื• ืจืง ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœื™ื” ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”, ื•ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื•ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืœื ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคื™’ ืฉื›ืš ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืืœื™ื• ืฉื™ืื›ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืืข”ื’ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืž”ืž ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื”, ืฉืื ื™ืื›ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืจืง ืื ื™ื ื™ื— ืขืฉืจื• ื•ื›ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”:

ื•ืขื™’ ืžื”ืจ”ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื•ืช ืค”ื• ืž”ื–, [ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืž”ื— ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื], ื”ื›”ื’ ื‘ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืชืขื ื•ื’, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืงื ื” ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืืจื ื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืืฆืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื“ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื•ืงื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืชืขื ื•ื’ ืื‘ืœ ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื‘ืขืœืžื ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืืžืจื ื• ืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืš ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ื›ื•’. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืงืฉื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจื ื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•, ืฉืœื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืžืžื™ืช ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืจืง ืื ื”ื•ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืžืขืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื ื ืœื ืืžืจื•. ื•ืž”ืž ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ืื™ ืืœ ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืืœ ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืค”ื˜ ื›ืชื‘ ื•ืืžื ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื“ืข ื”ืื“ื ื›ื™ ืœื ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืืœื ืœืขืžืœ ื•ื˜ื•ืจื—. ื•ืœื ื™ื ื”ื’ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื”ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืœืื›ื” ืืฆืœ ืžืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื”): “ืื’ื™ืจื™ ื“ื™ื•ืžื ืื ืŸ”, ื•ื›ื“ืจืš ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืืฉืจ ืื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ื—ื™ืคื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื ืชื ืขืจืื™ ื•ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืขืช ืงืจื‘. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื”): ื›ื™ ืื“ื ืœืขืžืœ ื™ื•ืœื“. ื•ื›ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ืจืš, ื™ืžืฆื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื“ืื™, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืืœื™ื”. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ืจืš ืืžืจื• ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื” (ืื‘ื•ืช ืค”ื•): ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ, ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื•ืจื” ืชืฉืชื”, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืฉืŸ. ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื:

ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืคื™’ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืจื—ืง ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื ืžืฆื ื“ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ืืœื ื™ื ื”ื’ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ื›ื•’.

ืขื™’ ื”ืคืœืื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืง”ื“ ื’ ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืขืœืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ืื“ื™ืจ ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฆื ื‘ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื ืฉืžืชื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”’ ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืœ ื•ืœืžืฉื ื›ืœ ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื–”ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ืชืื›ืœ ื•ื›ื•’ ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ื”’ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ื•ื™ืื›ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื“ื•ืงื ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉืชื•ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืžื• ืคืช ื‘ืžืœื— ื•ืœื ื™ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื’ื•ืคื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืž”ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ื›”ื‘ ืžื™ ืฉืœื™ืžื™ ืงื•ืจืžื™ ื‘ืื’ืžื™ ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืœืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ืฉืœื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื—ืŸ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืž”ืฉ ืฉืœื ืคืกืงื” ืžืขืœ ืฉืœื—ื ื• ื•ื›ื•’ ืืค”ื” ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื’ื™ืขืชื• ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

ื“) ืžื”ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืงื‘ื•ืขื” โ€“ ื“ื™ ืžื—ืกื•ืจื•, ืขื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื‘ื“ ืœืจื•ืฅ ืœืคื ื™ื•. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื“ืžื” ื“ืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื•, ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžื—ืกื•ืจื• ื•ืœื ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, – ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”, ื—ื™ื• ื‘ืจืžื” ืคื—ืชื•ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื ื•, ื•ืืข”ืค ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืืœื• ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ.

ืขื™’ ื”ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”’, ืฉืขืจ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœื•ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืคืจื•ืฉ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ืคืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจ ืฉื—ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ืจื•ื—ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืฉ ืื ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื.

ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื. ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื—ืงื” ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, -ืœืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ- ืืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, [ื•ืขื ื–ื” ืœื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื–, ืขื™’ ืœืขื™ืœ ืžื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื “ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืขื•ื ื’”]. ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื›ืžื” ืื“ื ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•”ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ื‘ืžื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื) ื›ืžื” ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืžื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘) ืžื” ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืช”ื—, ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืขืฆืžื, ืืœื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืื ืืฆืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ืช”ื—, ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื”.

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Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager Shlita

In Rochelโ€™s Merit

Parshas Vayeitzei

Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager shlita

In this weekโ€™s parashah we learn about Rochel Imeinuโ€™s tremendous act of vitur in giving over the simanim to Leah. Leah would have endured terrible shame if Yaakov would have discovered that Lavan tricked him and switched Rochel for Leah, so Rochel forfeited the opportunity to become Yaakovโ€™s first wife and yielded it to Leah.

As many point out, Rochelโ€™s greatness was evident not only in her act of vitur, but also in the way she went about it. Later in the parashah, during the incident with the dudaโ€™im, Leah turns to Rochel and says: ื”ึทืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืงึทื—ึฐืชึตึผืšึฐ ืึถืช ืึดื™ืฉึดืื™ ื•ึฐืœึธืงึทื—ึทืช ื’ึทึผื ืึถืช ื“ึผื•ึผื“ึธืึตื™ ื‘ึฐึผื ึดื™ โ€” itโ€™s bad enough that you took my husband, you also want to take the dudaโ€™im? It seems clear that Leah didnโ€™t even realize that it was actually Rochel who had allowed her to marry Yaakov first. This reflects the modesty with which Rochel performed her act of vitur.

The Midrash (Pesichah to Eichah Rabbah) teaches that this act is actually going to be the primary zechus that will bring Mashiach โ€” and this is what Hakadosh Baruch Hu refers to when He tells Rochel: ื™ึตืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื›ึธืจ ืœึดืคึฐืขึปืœึธึผืชึตืšึฐ… ื•ึฐื™ึตืฉื ืชึดึผืงึฐื•ึธื” ืœึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืชึตืšึฐ. The schar and the tikvah stem from Rochelโ€™s noble deed of giving up the simanim to save Leah from embarrassment.

The Midrash describes in detail how each of the Avos, as well as Moshe Rabbeinu, tried to advocate on behalf of Klal Yisrael, but Hakadosh Baruch Hu did not accept any of their arguments. Only when Rochel came at the end and described how difficult it was for her to be mevater to Leah and not be jealous, and then asks Hakadosh Baruch Hu to have mercy on Klal Yisrael, did Hashem relent.

Rochelโ€™s act was certainly a great one, but why is the zechus of this act superior to all the merits of Avraham, Yitzchak, Yaakov, and Moshe? What was so unique about it?

Rochel Imeinuโ€™s Plea

The answer is apparent in the Midrash: While her act wasnโ€™t necessarily greater than all the acts of the Avos and Moshe Rabbeinu, the nature of her act made it precisely the zechus to save Klal Yisrael from galus. The Midrash relates that Rochel argued before Hakadosh Baruch Hu, โ€œIโ€™m a person of flesh and blood, yet I was not jealous, and I brought and accepted a tzarah, a co-wife, in my house. If I could do that, then why should You, the King of the universe, be jealous of a tzarah in the form of an idol, that has no substance, being placed in the Beis Hamikdash?โ€

That argument struck a chord, prompting Hakadosh Baruch Hu to say, โ€œIf you were able to bring a tzarah into your life, then Iโ€™m willing to forgive and make room for this tzarah that Klal Yisrael brought into My house.โ€

How do we understand the middah kโ€™neged middah here? Because Rochel was mevater to Leah and brought her into her house, Hakadosh Baruch Hu should be mevater on the avodah zarah?

The Maharal (Netzach Yisrael 34) raises this question, and explains that there is actually a deep connection between Rochelโ€™s act and Hashemโ€™s forgiving Klal Yisraelโ€™s idolatry.

Rochel should really have been the akeres habayis; Yaakov loved her. Obviously, however, Leah also wanted to have Yaakov for herself, and she felt her husband belonged to her. Yet Rochel recognized that Hakadosh Baruch Hu created an imperfect world, a world of division and pirud โ€” shniyos, in the Maharalโ€™s terms. And she understood that for the twelve shevatim to come into existence, Yaakov needed to have more than one wife, representing different forces.

On the basis of this recognition, Rochel argued that Hakadosh Baruch Hu Himself has to acknowledge that this world is a world of division, which leads to dispute and lack of clarity, and that is what caused Klal Yisrael to stray after avodah zarah.

Since Rochel Imeinu was the one who unveiled this hanhagah of dealing with division, Hakadosh Baruch Hu accepted her argument and agreed to forgive and have mercy on Klal Yisrael.

The Difficulty of Vitur

I would like to better understand what the idea of shniyos means. What is this point that Rochel revealed?

I believe that the words of the Maharal yield a profound insight into how a person can come to an act of vitur. Many types of chessed are challenging, but vitur can present far greater difficulty. I have seen many baalei chessed who simply were not able to be mevater. The difference is that when a person does chessed, he feels a certain satisfaction, so his sense of self is nurtured. While chessed requires him to give up something, which is inherently difficult, the person feels good that he is giving.

That good feeling is absent in an act of vitur. A situation of vitur typically features a dispute over who is entitled to something, be it a yerushah, a mantle of leadership, a position, or even a seat in the beis midrash. The parties involved are fighting over justice โ€” to whom does this rightfully belong? The person who is mevater often feels like a shmattah, as though his sense of self is totally smothered.

In chessed, a personโ€™s sense of self is nourished by the fact that heโ€™s giving, whereas in vitur the person feels that not only is he giving up what is supposed to be his, the other person actually thinks he is entitled to it! Theyโ€™re arguing over justice!

Hakadosh Baruch Hu gave us our sense of self, and that sense of self has to be nourished. But how can a person nourish his sense of self in a dispute, so that he can muster the strength to be mevater?

Room for Division

The Midrash, and the Maharal, reveal to us what gave Rochel Imeinu the strength to perform her act of vitur. Trying to feed your sense of self by saying, โ€œIโ€™m going to feel good because Iโ€™m givingโ€ is not going to work. To be mevater, a person has to go to a different pipeline and exercise a different one of his kochos hanefesh. He has to recognize that this is a world of shniyos, of division. Hakadosh Baruch Hu created the world with imperfections, with much confusion and pirud, and as a result of this division, people often view things differently. You see something one way, and your friend sees it the other way, so you enter a dispute. You think youโ€™re a hundred percent right, but so does he. And he may very well be dead wrong, but his viewpoint is the result of the divisiveness in this world, which causes your opponent to see things in a distorted way.

The Maharal explains that this is the nature of the world. And if you understand that this is an imperfect world, then you recognize that the world has room for different viewpoints and pathways. By reaching this recognition, you are extending yourself tremendously โ€” youโ€™re not feeding your sense of self, youโ€™re broadening it. Youโ€™re making room for a completely different way of seeing things, a different perspective that is the opposite of yours. Itโ€™s a recognition that the world is bigger than your small ani.

When someone is presented with challenge of vitur, often he gets caught up in trying to come to terms with the reasoning of the other person. But thatโ€™s not the right path to take, because if a person thinks justice is on his side, heโ€™s never going to be able to justify the other personโ€™s claim. Rather, heโ€™s supposed to recognize that although middas hadin would dictate that this is the last thing that should be happening, in this imperfect world we need to make room for division, because that is part of Hashemโ€™s ratzon. He wants there to be many paths in this world.

This is what Rochel Imeinu did.

She had no way of seeing how this situation was right. It didnโ€™t make any sense that Leah should take her place. But she knew that the ratzon of Hakadosh Baruch Hu was that there should be twelve shevatim, and she understood that Hakadosh Baruch Hu wanted there to be tzaros, co-wives. And she made room for that division.

Rochel made room for something that, from her viewpoint, seemed wrong, because she accepted that this is a result of the world of pirud that Hashem created. Likewise, due to the division and murkiness of this world, Bnei Yisrael donโ€™t recognize the unity of Hakadosh Baruch Hu, and they stray from Him. Rochel, through her act of vitur, was able to bring out a hanhagah in which Hakadosh Baruch Hu would make room for the outgrowth of Klal Yisraelโ€™s division.

This is the depth of Rochelโ€™s act, and from this we learn what a tremendous zechus it is when a person is able to be mevater. Specifically in our time, the Ikvesa dโ€™Meshicha, this is what we all need โ€“ that Hakadosh Baruch Hu should show rachamim and make room for the pirud of our straying from Him. When weโ€™re presented with a challenge of vitur, we have to raise ourselves up and extend ourselves, recognizing that this is a world of pirud.

We should all be zocheh to the time when Hakadosh Baruch Hu will hear the voice of Rochel โ€”ืงื•ึนืœ ื‘ึฐึผืจึธืžึธื” ื ึดืฉึฐืืžึธืข ื ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึฐึผื›ึดื™ ืชึทืžึฐืจื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืจึธื—ึตืœ ืžึฐื‘ึทื›ึธึผื” ืขึทืœ ื‘ึธึผื ึถื™ื”ึธ, and He will say: ื™ึตืฉื ืฉึธื‚ื›ึธืจ ืœึดืคึฐืขึปืœึธึผืชึตืšึฐ… ื•ึฐื™ึตืฉื ืชึดึผืงึฐื•ึธื” ืœึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืชึตืšึฐ.

Gut Shabbos.

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