ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nachum Partzovitz, ztโl
ืืื ืื ืขืคืจ ืืืคืจ (ืื,ืื)
ืืืจื ”ืฆ ืคืื ืงื ืฉืืืืดื [ืืฆืดื] ืืกืคืจ ืฉืกืื [ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืจื”ื ืคืื ืงื] ืืฆืดื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืงืืื ืคืืืจืชื: ืดืืื ืื ืขืคืจ ืืืคืจืด, ืดืืื ืื ื ืืืด, ืดืืื ืื ืชืืืขืช ืืื ืืืฉืด, ืืืืจืื ืฉืจืืื ื ืืืช ืืื ืจ’ ืืจืื ืืขืจ, ืืืขืื ืื ืืื ืจืณ ื ืืื.
ื ืขืืืง ืืืืจ, ืื ืืืืืจ ืจืง ืืขื ืื. ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ, ืฉืืืืชืจ ืขื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืืืื, ืืืฉ ืืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ื ืขืืืืื. ืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืชืจ, ืขื ืืืืืฉ ืฉืื. ืื ืจืืืฉ ืจืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืขืดื ืืฉื”ื. ืืื ืืฆืืขืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืกืคืจ, ืงืดื ืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืืก ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืฉ ืฉืฉืืข ืืื ื.
ืืฉืืื ืฉืืืข ืื ืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืจื, ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืงืฆืช ืืจืืืฉ ืืขืืืช ืขืดื ืืืืจ ืฉืื. ืืฆื ืืืจื”ื ืจืืื ื ืืืืคื, ืื ืจืง ืฉืจืื ืชืืจืชื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืจืดื, ืืฆืื ื ืืืจื”ืฉ (ืงืืืืฉืื ืกื’ ื) ืฉืืืื ืจืืืดื ืืืื ืืชืงืืฉื ืืืฆืื, ืื’ ืืื ื ืกืืจืช ืืจืืืดื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืชื ืืืดื ืืจืืกืง ืฉืืืืดื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืืงืืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ื ื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื’. ืืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืืจ ืืงืืืฉืื, ืืื ื ืชืืจืจ ืื ืืจืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืืืขืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืงืฆืจืื ืฉื ืืืจืืดื. ืืขืคืดื ืืชื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืจืืดื. ืืื ืขืื, ืืกืืฃ ืืืืจืื ื’ ืดืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืชื ืฉืืืืดื ืืฉืคืชืื ืืฉืงืด. ืืคืงืืจ ืืขืฆืื ืืื, ืืื ื ืชื ืืืืจืืดื.
ืืขืื ืื ืืฆื ืจ’ ื ืืื, ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉืื ืกืชืื ืืืชืื ืืืืืืื, ืืจ’ ื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืคื ืืชื ืืืืจ, ืืืื ืชื ืื ืืื, ืขื ืฉืืืจืข ืฉืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืกืืืจ ืื ืืฉืื: ืจืืข, ืื ืื ื ืืืืจ? ืจ’ ื ืืื ื ืชื ืื ืืื. ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืดืช ืืกืื ืืฆืดื ืื ืืืืฉ, ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืจ’ ื ืืื ืขื ืงืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ืฉื ืชืืจืืฅ, ืืืจ ืื ืจ’ ื ืืื, ืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืกืืืจ ืืืจืื, ืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืื, ืืืฉ ืืืงืฉืืช ืื, ืขื ืฉืืฆื ืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืืืดืช ืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืข ืฉืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืฉื. ืื ืขืื ืืืื. ืืืชืจ ืืื, ืืื ืดืืื ืื ืขืคืจ ืืืคืจืด.
ืืืดื ืงืืืข ืืื ืื ืขื ืืจื ืืืจืืกืงื ืืฆืดื, ืืขืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืขืฆืื, ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจืืดื. ืื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืื, ืืฆื ืืข ืขืฆืื ืืืืจื. ืื ืื ืขื ืืืืืดืจ ืืฆืดื, ืืืจ ืื ืฉืืขืืจ ื ืื ืก ืืื ืขืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืจ ืื, ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืฆืจืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืขืฆืื. ืืฆื ืืข ืืช ืขืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืืืืจื.
ืืืขืฉื ืืืฆื ืฉืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื.
ืืชืื ืืกืคื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืจืคืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื ืืืืืืืช ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nachum Partzovitz, ztโl
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ื”ื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืชืฉื”ื
ืฉื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืจืื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืง”ื: ืืขืืื ืฉืืืืื, ืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืจืื ืจืื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ’ ืืฆืืงืณืณื ืฉืืืจื ืชืืจืชื ืืชืืืจื ืืื ืืืจืฉื, ืืืคื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืจ ‘ืจ’ ื ืืื’ ืืกืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืกืืืื ืืืจืช?
ืืชืฉืืื ืืื, ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืืืืืืื ืืืื ืื, ืืืื ืืืืจ ืจืง ืืืช ืืื. ืืฉืขื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืกืืจื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื, ืืื ืฉืืืื. ืืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืขืื ืื, ืืืื ื’ืชืืจืชื ืฉื ืจืื ื ืืื’.
ืืื ืื ืืืืข ืขื ืืจื ืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืืขืณืณื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกืคืจืื ืืคืื ืื ืืกื ืฆืื ืืจืื ืืืืจืืช, ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืชืืช ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืงื ืืื ืืช.
ืืืืืื ืืช ื ืืกืคืช ืืืจ ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืจืื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืืฆ”ื: ืืืืข ืืืคืืจืกื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืขืฆืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืจืื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ ืืฆืืงืณืณื ืืื ืฉืืืฉืช ืกืืจื ืืืฉืืื. ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืืจื ืืืจืืณืณื ืืืจืืกืง ืืฆืืง”ื ืืขืฅ ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืฉืืื, ืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืืืจืื ืื ืืคืจืืขืืื ืืฉืืืืชืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืขืื ืืืืขืช ืืช ืื ืืฉืณืณืก, ืื ืืจื ืจืืณืณื ืจืื ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืขืฆืชื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ, ืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฅ ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืขื ืฉืืืืชืื.
ืืืืื, ืืืจ ืืจื ืืืจ”ืค ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืจื ืชืืจืชื ืืชืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจืฉื ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืชืจ, ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืชืืืฅ ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืช ืืชืืจื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืืืจื
ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืืฆืืืช.
ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืจืืืืย ืืงืืืืื ืืืฆืืืช.
ืืืืืข ืื ืืืงื ืื ืขืืืฃ ืืจืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืชืจ. ืืข’ ืชืจืื”ื ืื”ื ืืฉื ืื”ื ืืืจ”ื. ืืืชืื ืืืืจืื ืื (ืืข’ ืืืจื ืืืืืื ื”ื ืกืืก”ื ื”ื. ืืข”ืข ืฉืื”ื ื”ื ื”ื) ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื, ืืืคื ืืืกื”ื ืค”ื ืืค”ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืชืืืื ื ืืื ื (ืืข”ืฉ ืืืกื”ื ืค”ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืฆืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืกืื ืชื, ืืข”ืข ืฉืืืืช ืืืกืจ ืชืฉื”ื ืืืืจ ื”ื), ืืื ืืคื ืืืืืจื ืืืจืืืช ื’ ืืืขื ืฉืืืชืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืจื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืจื ืคืืจืืง ืขืื ื”ื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื, (ืืข’ ืืืืจื ืคืกืืื ืงื”ื ืข”ื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืื). ืืืชืื ืืืคื ืืกื”ื ื”ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื, ืืื ืืคื ืืืืืจื ืืจื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืกืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืื”ืฉ ืืชืจืื”ื.
(ืืืคื”ื ืืฉ ืืขืืื ืืื ืื”ืก ืืฉื”ื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืขื ืื ืืชืจืื”ื ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืืฆืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืื ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืจืช ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ, ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืืื, ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืฆืืื, ืืจื ืื ืขืืืจ ืขื ืืจืืืื ืืฉืื ืกืืจื ืืืขืื, ืืื ืืกืืจ.
ืืข’ ืคืื”ื ืคืกื ืืืืจ ื ”ื ืืกืืคื ืจืืื ื ืจืืืชืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืฆื ืืืจ, ืืื ืจืง ืืฉืื ืชืืื”ืค. (ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืจืื ืืฆื ืืืืืืข ืืฉื ืืขื ืงื”ื ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืืื ืืกื).
ืืืื’ ื”ื ืืืขื ืืฉืื ืืคืืื, ืืข’ ืชื”ื ืืืืฉ ืืืงืจื ื”ื ืืืฆื ืฉืืื ื ืืคื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆื ืฉืื ื ืืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืฆื”ื ืืืคืืื. ืืขืืื ืืืขื ืืฉืื ืืจืืืื, ืืข’ ืคืื”ื ืคืกื ืืืืจ ื’ ืืขืื ืืืจื ืืกื”ื ืื ”ื. ืืข”ืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืฆื.
ืื ื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโl
ืืขื ืฉืืกืจ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื ืืขืจืฉืดืง ืคืจืฉืช ืืืจื ืชืฉืดืก ืืื ื ืืคืก ืขื ืขืชื
ืดืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืื, ืืืืืืงืื ื ืกื ืืช ืืืจืืืด. ืืืจ ืื ืื ืกืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืกืื ืืงืืดื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื, ืดืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืจ ืื ื ืืด.
ืืคืืจืฉืดื ืื ื ื, ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืกืืืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืชืฉืืื ืฉื ืืกืื – ืืฉืื ืขื ืื, ืืฉืื ืืืืื. ืื ื ื.
ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืขืฆื ืืขืืืดื, ืืืื ืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืขืืืื ื ืืืืชืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืข, ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืชื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืืจืื ืื, ืืืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืืช ืขื ืืืื, ืืืืื ืืจืืื ื ืฉื ืขืืื, ืื ื ื. ืดืื ื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืจืืืด.
ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืกืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืืืื, ืื ื ื, ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื.
ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืฉืชื ืืืืื ืืื, ืืจื ืืื ื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจื, ืดืืืืืจ ืื ื ืืด – ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืดืช. ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืข ืืื ืืฆืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืก ืืช ืขืฆืื. ืืจื ืืคืืื ืืืืืข ืืืชืืื ื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืืช ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืข ืืื ืืืขืคืดื “ืืืืืจ ืื ื ื”.
ืดืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืืขื ืืขืฉื ืืืขืฉื ืืืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืขืงืืด (ืชืืืดืจ ืืดื). ืืืดื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ื ื. ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื, ืืืคืจื ืืฆื ืื ืชืืจื, ืืืขืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืดืื ื ืืด.
ืืืื ืขืช ืืฉืจ ืืชืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืงืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจืช ืืืฉืืขืืช ืืืจืช. ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจืืืช ืืืจืช.
ืืงืืดื ืงืืจื ืืืื ื ืดืืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืืจืืืด, ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื, ืืืื ืืฆืืง ืืืฆืืง, ืืืื ืืขืงื ืืืขืงื, ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืฉื, ืืืื ืืืืงืื ืืืืืงืื, “ืืืืืจ ืืืื” – ืืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืขืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืช ืืืืืจ ืื ื ื.
ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืง ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ื ื ืื ืื. ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช, ืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืขืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืขืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื.
ืดืืืืืจ ืงื ื ื ืืช ืื ื ืืช ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืช ืืช ืืฆืืงืด. ืืืจ ืื “ืืช ืื ื” โ ืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืฉ ืื, ืืืจ ืื ืืช “ืืืืื” – ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืืจ ืื “ืืฉืจ ืืืืช”, ืืืจ ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ื ืืืื, ืืืจ ืื “ืืช ืืฆืืง”. ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืืื, ืคืืจืฉืดื ืืืืดื: ืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืช ืืืฆืื ืืืืชื ืื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจ.
ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืขืืื ื, ืื ื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืื. ืฉืชืื ืขืฉืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืชืฉืืงื ืืืจืฆืื. ืืืืชื ืื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจ, ืืืดืฉ ืืคืื ืฆืขืจื ืืืจื. ืฉืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจ ื ืืื ืืคื ืืืื ืืงืืฉื – ืงื ื ื ืืช ืื ื, ืืฉืจ ืืืืช, ืืช ืืฆืืง.
ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจ, ืืฉืืืจ ืืืืข ืืืืืืืช ืืืฆืื, ืื ื ืฆืืื ืืขืฉืืช, ืด… ืืื ืื ืื ืืจืฅ ืืืจืื ืืืขืืื ืฉื ืืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืืด.
ืดืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืืงืจืด, ืืชื ืื (ืคืกืืื ื.) ืืืื ืฉืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืืฆืืืช, ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืืืช. ืืืจื ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื, ืืดื ืงืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืฉืืช ืืจืื, ืืืืดื ืืืืืช ืืงืืื, ืืืืืืช ืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืื.
ืืจื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืช ืืณ. ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื โ “ืื ื ื”. ืืคืื ืฆืขืจื ืืืจื, ืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืืืช. ืืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืืฆืืืช. ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืจ, ืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืื, ืืจื ืืกืจ ืืขืฆื ืืืฆืื.
ืดืืืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืจืืด. ืคืืจืฉืดื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืฆืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืื, ืดืืฆืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืืืืืด (ืงืืืฉืื ืื.). ืืืื ืขืื ืขื ืื, ืืฉืจ ืืืืชื ื ืืืฉืื ืืฃ ืืขืื ืื, ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ื ืืขืฉืืช โ ืืื, ืืืคืืจืฉืดื ืฉื ืืื ืขืกืืง ืืืคื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืื ืฉืืจ ืืคื.
ืดืืืงื ืืช ืฉื ื ื ืขืจืื ืืชื ืืืช ืืฆืืง ืื ื ืืืืงืข ืขืฆื ืขืืื ืืืงื ืืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืื ืืืืงืืืด. ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืฆืืช ื’, ืืืฃ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืงืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืืืื.
ืดืืืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืื’ ืืืงื ืืืจืื ืืช ืขืฆื ืืขืืื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืฆืืง ืื ื, ืืืงื ืืืื ืืช ืืืฉ ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืด. ืืคืืจืฉืดื: ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืจืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฆืืง ืฉืื ืืื ืืจืืืฉ ืืืืจ. ืืืฃ ืื ื ืืฉ ืื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฆืืืช ื’ ืืจืฆืื ืืืฉืืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืชืคืงืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืืขื ืืขืฉื ืืืขืฉื ืืืืชื, ืืจื ืืฉ ืขืืื ื ืืืืืง ืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืื. ืดืื ื ืืด, ืดืงื ื ื ืืช ืื ืืด, ืดืืืฉืื ืืืจืืืด, ืดืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืด. ืืืืืช ืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจ ืืื. ืืื ืืืกืืช ืืื ืงืื ืขืกืงืื ื, ืชืืืืืชืืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืฆื ืืื. ืืืืดื ืชืืืื ืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืช. ืืืดื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืจืฉืื ืื ื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืขื ืืชืงืืื ืื ื ืืืืืช ืชืืืืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืขืงื. ืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ืื. ืืื ืืื ื ืืชืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ื, ืืืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืืขืกืืง ืืืืคื ื ืืืฆืืืช, ืืื ืืืฉืจืฉืช ืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืฉื ืจืฆืื ืืฉืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืืจ ืืณ.
ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืจ “ืืชื ืืืืขื ืืขืฉื ืืืขืฉื ืืืืชื”, ืฉืชืื ืชืืื ืชื ื ืื ื, ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืื, ืชืืืืืชืืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืชืืื. ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืขืฉืื, ืื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืชืืื ืืชืื. ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืชืืืืืชืืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืณ ืืืื, ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืื ื ืืช ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืชืื ื. ืืื ืชืืืืืชืืื ืื ื. ืืืื ื ืืจืืฉื ืืื ืื ื ืืืืืชืื ื, ืื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืขืกืืง ืืื ืืืืจืง ืืช ืืืืืชืื, ืืจื ืืคืืื ืื ื ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืืืืจืืจ ืืืืื. ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืื ืืืืงื ืชืืื ืืืืื ื.
ืดืืืืืจ ืืฆืืง ืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื’, ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืืื ืื ื, ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืด. ืืคืืจืฉืดื ืืขืดืค ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืง ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืื “ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื” – ืืื ืฉืืื. ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื, ืดืืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืื ืืืืืด (ืงืืืช ื,,ื), ืืืืืื ืืจืืขื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืจืืขื ืืื’. ืื ืขืืืืช ื’ ื ืขืฉืืช ืืชืืจืช ืืืืื, ืืืฉ ืืช ืจืขืื ืืขืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืง, ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืง ืืื ืชืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืขืื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืขืงื.
ืืฉ ืืืขืืื ื ืื ืขืื ืื ื ืชืืืจ ืืืขืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืืื ืงืื, ืดืืขืื ืขืงืืืช ืืฆืืงืด, ืื ืืื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื, ืดืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืด.
ืืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืื “ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื”. ืืื ืืกืื ืืืืื ื ืืืกืื ืื ืืขืืืื – ืดืขืงืืืืด.
ืดืืืืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืืื’ ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืื ืืืงื ืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืช ืื ืืด. ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืืจ ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืฉ ืื, ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืช ืฉื ืืื ืื ื ืืืื, ืืช ืืฆืืง. ืขื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืดืืืงื ืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืช ืื ืืด, ืืกืืจืืช ื ืคืฉ ืืืฉ.
ืดืืืงืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืณ ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืจืืืด. ืคืืจืฉืดื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ืฉืื. ืืืื ืขืืืืชื ื, ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืืงืื.
ืขืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืชื ืืืขื ืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืขืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืขื ื ืืกืื ืืืคืืืื, ืืฉืืชื ืื ืขื ืืืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฉ ืืจืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืจืืืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืืจ ืฉื ืฆืืงื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืฉืงื, ืืฉ ืืืืฉืง ืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืคืฅ ืืชืืื, ืืฉืืืชืื ืืดื ืืื ืืืคืืฅ ืืื. ืืขื ื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืคืฆื ืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืืื ื, ืจืง ืืืช ืืืงืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืคืชื, ืจืืฆื ืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืจ ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืขื ืคื ื ืืงืืดื! ืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืืืชืจ.
ืดืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืื ืืืืด, ืื ืขืืืืชื ื, ืฉืืืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ื ืืชืื ืืื ื ืฉื ืื ื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืฉื ืืจืืืื ืืงืืืืื, ืฉื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืืืื. ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืขืืืื ืืฉืืืืืช ืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืงืืดื ืืจืื ืื ื ืืื, ืฉื ืืฆื ืื ืืขืื ื ื’, ืืืื ืขืืืืชื ื.
ืืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืฉืงืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืืื ื ืืช ืจืื ืืืืฆืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืขืฉืื ืืคื ื ืืณ.
ืชืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืื. ืกืืื ืื ืขื ืฉืื ื ืืขืืจืจ ืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืืื. ืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืื, ืื ื ืืืงืฉ ืืืืื. ืืดื ืืืื ืืืง ืืืืชืจ ืืขืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืืง ืืืจืื ืืืืคื ื ืคืื.
ืืื ืืื, ืื ื ืฉืืื, ืืื?! ืืื ื ื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืื ื ืจืง ืฉืืื. ืืื ืืืืฆืข ืืกืืจ ืจืืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืขืืืืื ืืืืฆืืช, ืงืดื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื?! ืืขืื ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืกืืจ.
ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืืืช ืืงืืดื. ืืื ืืดื ืืืืคื. ืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ื’. ืื ืื ืืขืืืจ ืจืืื ืืช ืจืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ื ืขืฉื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืง. ืืืืื ืขืฆื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืื, ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืคืจืืช, ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืจืื ืืืืงืื ืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืจื ืื ืืชืืืงื. ืื ืืืืฆืข ืืกืืจ ืื ืืืื. ืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืืขื ืืขืฉื ืืืขืฉื ืืืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืขืงื, ืืืืืื ืืืกื ืืฉ ืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืื ื’. ืื ืืืืืื ืืจืืืื, ืืื ืืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืฉืืื ืดืืืืื ื’ืด.
ืืชื ื’ ืกืืืขืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืคืชื ืืื ื ืืขืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืดืื ื ืืด.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Binyomin Cohen Shlita
The Pillar of Chessed
Parashas Vayera
Harav Hagaon Binyamin Cohen shlita
Avraham Avinu, we know, was the amud hachessed: ืึถืกึถื ืึฐืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื. The Torah doesnโt devote many parashiyos to Avrahamโs chessed, but the one parashah that does go into detail about it is this weekโs parashah.
Parashas Vayera begins with by informing us that Hakadosh Baruch Hu came to visit Avraham Avinu and do bikur cholim:ย ืึทืึผึตืจึธื ืึตืึธืื ื’ ืึผึฐืึตืึนื ึตื ืึทืึฐืจึตื. Rashi cites the Gemaraโs statement in Bava Metzia that ืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืืื โ Hakadosh Baruch Hu came to ask Avraham Avinu how heโs feeling. We might wonder: Hakadosh Baruch Hu knows everything, so He knew how Avraham was feeling. What does it mean, then, that he came to ask how Avraham was doing? Didnโt He know already?
The answer is that the idea of bikur cholim is that a choleh should feel that there are people in the world who care about him, and that people are concerned for his well-being, which gives him chizuk and helps him recover. Just as the term bikur mumin means to check something out, bikur cholim means to check out and see how the choleh is, to show interest in him and care for him. Accordingly, Hakadosh Baruch Hu came to ask Avraham Avinu how he is and give him the feeling that He is interested in him and cares about him.
Thatโs one very important lesson related to chessed and specifically bikur cholim.
Giving Your Essence
The Torah goes on to note that Avraham was sitting and waiting for guests to come: ืึฐืืึผื ืึนืฉืึตื ืคึผึถืชึทื ืึธืึนืึถื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึทืึผืึนื. He wanted to do hachnassas orchim, and he even had a tent with four doors opening to all four directions so that guests could enter.
[As a sidenote, we might think, โWow, Avraham Avinu had a tent with four doors โ I wish I could also have that kind of opportunity to do chessed.โ But Rav Wolbe ztโl used to say that we all have the opportunity, even in todayโs modern world. Today, a tent with four doors is called a car.]
Rashi states that Avraham Avinu was distressed that guests were not coming. In Darash Moshe, Rav Moshe Feinstein wonders why Avraham was distressed. Not only was he an oness, but the fact that there were no guests around meant that he had no obligation of hachnassas orchim whatsoever. Rav Moshe compares this to someone who, midweek, feels distressed that he canโt keep Shabbos. Of course he canโt keep Shabbos โ itโs the wrong day! Why, then, was Avraham distressed that he couldnโt do hachnassas orchim if there were no guests around and therefore no obligation?
Rav Moshe explains that Avraham loved to do chessed so much, and longed to do chessed so much, that not being able to do chessed caused him pain. Just as a person has an urge to eat a good meal, Avraham had an urge to do chessed.
I would like to elaborate a bit on this point.
The Netziv, in his haskamah to the Chofetz Chaimโs sefer Ahavas Chessed, notes that the Torah uses a seemingly redundant phrase when informing us that Chava gave birth to her second child, Hevel: ืึทืชึผึนืกึถืฃ ืึธืึถืึถืช ืึถืช ืึธืึดืื ืึถืช ืึธืึถื. Why does the Torah have to add: ืึถืช ืึธืึดืื?
The word ืึธืึดืื, says the Netziv, connotes achvah, brotherly love and caring. When Hakadosh Baruch Hu created the first brother in history, Hevel, He created the concept of brotherhood as well. This concept, he says, is unique to humans; in the animal world thereโs no such thing as closeness and love between siblings. Therefore, the essence of a person โ the tzuras haโadam โ is to care for and love another human being. Sedom, he continues, was destroyed because they did not perform chessed and tzedakah, and didnโt care for their fellow man. In the process, they destroyed the tzuras haโadam, and thatโs why they themselves were destroyed.
Rashi, citing the Gemara, tells us that each of the three malachim that visited Avraham had a job: one came to inform Sarah that she would have a child, one came to heal Avraham, and one was supposed to turn over Sedom. The famous question is, why did the third malach have to come to Avraham? Was he just coming along for the ride?
I once heard an explanation that the malach that came to turn over Sedom could have thought: Whatโs so terrible about Sedom? Just because they donโt give tzedakah, they deserve to be destroyed? To dispel any such notion, Hakadosh Baruch Hu instructed the malach to go visit Avraham Avinu and see what an adam is, what tzuras haโadam looks like: Avraham Avinu, on the third day after milah, is sick and in pain, and yet he is distressed that he canโt do chessed and care for others. Thatโs an adam! The people of Sedom, in contrast, are not in the category of adam, and thatโs why they deserve such a terrible punishment.
The Ultimate Chessed
The Rambam (Hilchos Avel, perek 14) teaches that all the mitzvos of chessed โ hachnassas kallah, hachnassas orchim, bikur cholim, halvayas hameis, nichum aveilim โ are included in the commandment of ืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืึฐืจึตืขึฒืึธ ืึผึธืืึนืึธ, and he adds that the mitzvah of levoyah, accompanying guests, is greater than all of the other mitzvos of chessed. We can explain, based on the Netzvivโs insight that achvah is the essence of tzuras haโadam, that when a person accompanies another person, heโs giving the person his very tzuras haโadam, and fulfilling what it means to be an adam by connecting with another person, loving him, and caring for him.
Accompanying a guest on his way doesnโt cost any money, but it gives him chashivus, achvah, and tzuras haโadam, which is more valuable than any food or drink. Thatโs why itโs the highest madreigah of chessed that we learn from Avraham Avinu.
I would like to conclude with a story that I heard from Rav Gamliel Rabinowitz. A family in Yerushalayim was sitting shivah for their father, a Holocaust survivor, and during the shivah an older man walked in and said, โYour father saved my life.โ
โHow?โ the family wondered. Their father had not been a doctor; he didnโt know how to save lives.
The visitor explained that at one point, when he was in the concentration camps, he was starving and felt that he going to die of hunger. โI was so desperate,โ he said, โthat I went to forage in the garbage for some food. Your father saw me looking in the garbage, and he came over to me and he said, โReb Yid, I realize youโre looking for food, and I donโt have food to give you, but what I am able to give you is love.โ He hugged me, kissed me, and danced with me. That gave me chiyus, and I literally felt stronger.โ
The niftar had saved his life by granting him the gift of tzuras haโadam.
Chazal say that the only way to be saved from the chevlei Moshiach is to involve ourselves in Torah and chessed: ืื ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฆื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืื, ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื ืืืืืืืืช ืืกืืื.
Baruch Hashem, today, during this time of the coronavirus, thereโs so much Torah learning and chessed going on, and weโre seeing so much care and concern between one Yid and another.
We should realize that Hakadosh Baruch Hu is giving us this opportunity because that is what will save us from chevlei Moshiach: the caring, the achvah, the real connection between one Yid and another.
We should be zocheh to see together the geulah sheleimah bโkarov mamash.