BamidbarPinchas

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื™ืคืงื•ื“ ื“ืณ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ื”, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื, ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื“ืช ื“ืณ ื›ืฆืืŸ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืจื•ืขื”ืด, (ื›ื–,ื˜ื–)
ืจืฉืดื™: ืดืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื‘ื—ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ืฉื›ืฉื ืคื˜ืจื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื•ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.

ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื“ืื’ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื“ืื’ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืœื‘ื•. ื•ืœืžื“ื• ื—ื–ืดืœ ืžืžืฉื”, ืฉืื ืžืฉื” ื ื”ื’ ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื. ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืดื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ืณ ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืขืœื” ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ื ืืกืคืช ืขืœ ืขืžื™ืš ื•ื’ื•’, ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื“ืณ ืœืืžื•ืจ, ื™ืคืงื•ื“ ื“ืณ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ื”, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื, ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื“ืช ื“ืณ ื›ืฆืืŸ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืจื•ืขื”ืด.

ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืกื‘ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืจื’ืข ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ืื’ื” ืื—ืจืช ืืœื ื–ื•, ื“ืื’ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืฆืืŸ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืจื•ืขื”. ื•ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืดื™ืคืงื•ื“ ื“ืณ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ื”ืด, ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืกื‘ืœื•ืชื ื•ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆืขืจื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉืดื™ ืดืืœืงื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•’ – ืžื ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉื™ื”ื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื•ืด.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืชื ืื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืขื, ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื•, ื•ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ “ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื”ืณ ื•ื’ื•’ ื”ืื ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื ื”ื–ื” ืื ืื ื›ื™ ื™ืœื™ื“ืชื™ื”ื•, ื›ื™ ืชืืžืจ ืืœื™ ืฉืื”ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืงืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื”ืื•ืžืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืง ื•ื’ื•’ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืดื ื™ืดื‘). ื•ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™: ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืœื• ื›ืŸ (ืฉืื”ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืงืš), ืดืœืš ื ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืขื ื”ื–ื”ืด, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืดื•ื™ืฆื•ื ืืœ ื‘ื ืดื™ืด, ืขืดืž ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืงืœื™ื ืืชื›ื ื•ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ืืชื›ื.

ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืจืดืœ ืฉืื ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืœื‘ื ”ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื–ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื ื”ื ืดืกื•ืงืœื™ื ืืชื›ื ื•ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ืืชื›ืืด ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืœื™ ื•ืœืฆืจื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžื•ื›ื— ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ‘ืฉืื”ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืงืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื”ืื•ืžืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืง’, ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื‘, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืคื˜ืจ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื ื ื›ืฉื‘ื ื• ืžืชืžืจื“ ื‘ื•.

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, ztโ€l

ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ืœ
ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืงืœืฆืง ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื™ืจ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ ื“ื”ื•ื™ ื•ืžืจืคื˜ ื•ื”ืชื“ืคืง ืขืœ ื“ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”. ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœื—ื“ืจื•, ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืืš ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืœื ื ืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื• ื•ืืžืจ: “ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืœื ืขืจื™ื, ื•ืืชื” ืขื•ื“ืš ื ืขืจ!”.

ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืœื ื”ืจืคื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื ืŸ, ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื—ื• ื‘ืื–ื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืขื– ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืืœื™ื”, ืืš ืžืจืŸ ืขืžื“ ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ื•.

ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื” ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื‘ืžืขื™ืœื• ื”ื‘ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืขืจ, ื•ืฉืืœื• ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืœืชื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื’ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขื ื” ื”ื ืขืจ: “ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืขื™ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ื— ืฉืชืคืจื” ืœื™ ืืžื™, ืื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืชื•ืงืงืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืžื™ืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืกืฃ ืœื“ืžื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื”, ืžื›ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืขื™ืœ ืœืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืœืฆืง, ื•ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืงื‘ืœืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ืœืงื ื™ืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื ืกื™ืขื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ืžืขื™ืœื™ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ืขืจ ื—ื“ืจื• ืœืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืจื””ื™. ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื” ื™ื•ืงื“ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžื›ืจ ืืช ืžืขื™ืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื›ืœื‘ื‘ื• ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื ืขืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”… ืืš ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืขื–ื‘ ื”ื ืขืจ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื•, ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืฉืชื™ ืคืชืงืื•ืช โ€” ืื—ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื›ืกื ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื™ืžืฆื ื—ื“ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื˜ ืฉื™ืชืคื•ืจ ืœื• ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”…

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืคื™ื ื—ืก

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฆื•ื•ืื”

ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืœื”’ ื™ืคืงื•ื“ ื”’ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ื”. ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื ื™ืกื“ืจ ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืืœ ืชืคืชื— ืคื” ืœืฉื˜ืŸ. ื•ื›”ื› ืขืœื™ ืชืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ืœืื™ื ืค”ื˜ ื””ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืž”ื ืฉืก”ื’ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ืขืคืจ ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืกื“ืจ ื›ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืืœ ืชืคืชื— ืคื”, ื•ืจืื™ื” ืžืฉื‘ื•ืขืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื™ืขืงื‘.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืฉ.

ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ’ ืฉืœืžื” ืงืœื•ื’ืจ ืžืฉื ืช ืชืงืฆ”ื“ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื–ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘. (ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ืคื˜ืจ ืชืจื›”ื˜ ื‘ืŸ ืค”ื”).

ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืคืœืื’’ื™ ืžืื™ื–ืžื™ืจ, ื ื•ืœื“ ืชืงืž”ื–, ื“ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืœืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื. ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื ื”ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืกื•”ืค ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ื•ื›ื•’ ืืฉืจ ืชืฆื•ื•ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื›ื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืชืืจื™ื›ื• ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืจ”ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืื”, ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืฉ, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื”ื•ื ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืœืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื. ื•ืข”ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”’ ื—ื™ื‘ื‘ ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืฉื•ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ืื—ืจื™ื•. (ื•ืœื ืื™ื™ืจื™ ืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืงืฆืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืฉืœื”ื).

ื•ืข’ ืขื˜ืจื” ืœืžืœืš ืžื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ’ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคืื ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืค’ ื•ื™ื—ื™ ื›ืžื” ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื•.

ื•ืžืื™ื–ื” ื’ื™ืœ ื™ื›ืชื•ื‘, ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ืจ’ ืฉืœืžื” ืงืœื•ื’ืจ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืื‘ื•ืช ื”’ ื›”ื ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉื™ื ืœืขืฆื”, ื•ืคื™’ ืจืข”ื‘ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืฉืจืช ืืช ืื—ื™ื•, ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขืฆื”.

ื•ืข’ ื—”ื— ืค’ ื‘ื”ืขืœืชืš ื“ืื ืื– ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืชืŸ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืขืฆื” ื›”ืฉ ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•.

ื•ืข’ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื™”ื’ ืข”ื ืชื ืื’ืžืจืš ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ืืžืจ ืœื ืงืฉืื™ ื•ื‘ืจืฉ”ื™ ืœื ื–ืงื ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ ืื™ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉื™ื, ื•ื—ื–ื™ื ืŸ ื“ื ืงืจื ื›ื‘ืจ ื–ืงืŸ.

ื‘ืงื ืื• ืืช ืงื ืืชื™

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโ€l

ื‘ืงื ืื• ืืช ืงื ืืชื™
ืดื–ืืช ืงื•ืžืชืš ื“ืžืชื” ืœืชืžืจืด
ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื–, ื—) ืดื–ืืช ืงื•ืžืชืš ื“ืžืชื” ืœืชืžืจืด, ืฉื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืฆืœื ื•ื’ื–ืจ ืฉืžื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ื•ืื•ืžื” ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœืฉื” ื•ื™ืฉืชื—ื•ื• ืœืฆืœื. ื•ื’ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื— ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืฉืœืฉื” – ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉืืœ ื•ืขื–ืจื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืœ, ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื ืชืŸ ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ, ื™ื–ืจืง ืœื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉืจืฃ ืžื™ื“. ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื“ื ื™ืืœ ื•ืฉืืœื•ื”ื• ืื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืœืฆืœื. [ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืกืณ (ืขืดื– ื’.) ืฉื”ืฆืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขืดื– ื’ืžื•ืจื”, ืืœื ืจืง ืื ื“ืจื˜ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื” ืœื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืดื–];

ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื“ื ื™ืืœ, ื”ื ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ืœื›ื• ืืฆืœื•, ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื”ื ืžื™ื“ ืืฆืœ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ, ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›ื•) ื—ื‘ื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืจื’ืข ืขื“ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืขื. ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื• ืœืฆืœื. ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•. ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ืœื™ ืขื“ ืฉืืžืœืš ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”. ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืจื‘ืฉ”ืข ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉืืœ ื•ืขื–ืจื™ื” ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืชืŸ ื ืคืฉื ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉืžืš, ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืืชื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื• ืœื. ืืžืจ ืœื• ืื™ื ื™ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื. …ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื‘ื›ื” ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื•ืงื•ื ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ืœืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืžืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืœืฉื•ื ืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื“ื” ืฉืืจื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืฉืœื ื ืฉืชื™ื™ืจ ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืœื ืืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ื•ืœืš. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืžื” ืืžืจ ืœืš ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื›ื. ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉื•ืชื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉืžื•. ื•ืชื™ื›ืฃ ืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืžืœืคื ื™ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ, ื ื’ืœื” ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื•, ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžื” ืืชื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื™ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืื ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™, ืืœื ื”ื ื— ืœื”ื ื•ืœื ืชืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื›ืœื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืžืชื.

ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ, ืฉืื ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืœื, ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื ืฆืœื•, ื•ืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฆื•ืœื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื ืก ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ืืฉ ื–ื” ืืฉ, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืœื, ื•ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืื– ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฆื™ืœื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืœื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ื™ื ืฆืœื•.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืณ ืดื–ืืช ืงื•ืžืชืš ื“ืžืชื” ืœืชืžืจืด – ืฉื›ืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื• ืฉืœืฉื” ืฉืœืฉื” ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื”ื ืขืžื“ื• ื›ืžื• ืชืžืจ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฅ ื’ื‘ื•ื” – ืดื›ืชืžืจ ื™ืคืจื—ืด, ื•ืœื ื ื›ื ืขื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืฉืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื.
ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื
ื•ื”ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื’ืžืณ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื™ื—.) ื”ืชืคืœื” ืฉื‘ืงืฉื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืจื“ื• ืœื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ, ื•ื”ื ืคืกื•ืงื™ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ;

ืดืœื ืœื ื• ื“ืณ ืœื ืœื ื•ืด ืืžืจ ื—ื ื ื™ื”, ืดื›ื™ ืœืฉืžืš ืชืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืด ืืžืจ ืžื™ืฉืืœ, ืดืขืœ ื—ืกื“ืš ื•ืขืœ ืืžื™ืชืšืด ืืžืจ ืขื–ืจื™ื”. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืœืฉืชื – ืดืœื ืœื ื• ื“ืณ ืœื ืœื ื•ืด – ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ื•, ืดื›ื™ ืœืฉืžืš ืชืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืด – ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืืžื ื ืื ื ืฉืจืฃ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื“ืณ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืื• ืืช ื’ื“ืœืš ื•ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืš, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืืฉ ื•ืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ืณ, ื•ื–ื• ื›ืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื ื• ืดืœืฉืžืš ืชืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืด, ื•ืขื–ืจื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืืžืจ ืดืขืœ ื—ืกื“ืš ื•ืขืœ ืืžื™ืชืšืด, ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืกื“ ื“ืณ ืฉืชืขืฉื” ืืชื ื•, ืชืชื’ืœื” ื”ืืžืช ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื‘ื“ื•, ื•ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืš, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื“ืณ, ื•ื›ืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื.

ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืขื•ื“ ื•ืืžืจื•; ืดืœืžื” ื™ืืžืจื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืื™ื” ืืœืงื™ื”ืืด – ื›ื™ ืื ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฉื•ืชืง ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื—ืกืจ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื, ื›ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกืจ ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืกืจ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื; ืดืœืžื” ื™ืืžืจื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ืืด, ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื—ืคืฅ ืขืฉื”, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืขืžื“ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฆืจื”, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื ืœื›ื‘ืฉืŸ.

ื•ืžืฉืขืœื• ืžื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ, ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื™ื–)ย  ืดื”ืœืœื• ืืช ื“ืณ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื—ืกื“ื•ืด, – ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืจืื• ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื•ืืช ื—ืกื“ื•. ื•ื—ืชืžื• “ื•ืืžืช ื”’ ืœืขื•ืœื”, ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื– ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื•ืชื•.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ื• ืœื–ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืœื™ืชืŸ ื ืคืฉื ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ืฉื“ืจืฉ ืจืณ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื™;

ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืคื™ืœ ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืจ ื”ืจืฉืข ืืช ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉืืœ ื•ืขื–ืจื™ื” ืœืชื•ืš ื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ, ืขืžื“ ื™ื•ืจืงืžื• ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืืจื“ ื•ืืฆื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื•ืืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉืืชื” ืฉืจ ื‘ืจื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืžื™ื ืžื›ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืฉ, ืืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืืฉ ื•ืืงืจืจ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ืืงื“ื™ื— ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืจื“. ืœืš ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื, ืฉื›ืš ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ื›ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื”ื›ื‘ืฉืŸ. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืคืชื— ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ื•ืืžืจ ืดื•ืืžืช ื“ืณ ืœืขื•ืœืืด. ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืืžืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื• ืืžืช.

ื•ื–ื• ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ืฉื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ืจืื• ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื•ื›ื—ื• ื•ืžืžืฉืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉืืœ ื•ืขื–ืจื™ื”.
ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื
ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ืคื ื—ืก “ื‘ืงื ืื• ืืช ืงื ืืชื™ืด (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื”) – ืดืœื›ืŸ ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื ื ื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืชื™ ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื•ืœื–ืจืขื• ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืช ืขื•ืœื, ืชื—ืช ืืฉืจ ืงื ื ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื• ื•ื™ื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืด, ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉื™ื—ื™ื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง – ืดื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื—ืžืชื™ ืžืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงื ืื• ืืช ืงื ืืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ืืด – ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืงืžืชื™ ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ื•ืœื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืจืื•ืชื ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื™ืžื—ื•, ื™ื›ื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื ืžื™ื—ื• ื‘ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื—ืžืชื™ ืžืขืœื™ื”ื.

ื”ื—ื˜ื ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืžื™ื—ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื’ื–ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื›ืœื™ื”. ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื—ื•ื˜ื ืžื‘ื–ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ, ื•ื›ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื•ื—ื™ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืื™ื›ืคืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ืžืื•ื“, ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื ืขืฆืžื. ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ื›ืฉืจืื• ืืช ื ืงืžืช ืงื ืืช ื“ืณ ื•ืฉื•ืชืงื™ื ื•ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื‘ื–ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฆืคื” ื›ื–ืืช ื‘ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื ืฉื•, ืžืจืื™ื ื”ื ืฉืื™ื›ืคืช ืœื”ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ืงืžื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืชื›ืคืจ ืœื”ื.

ื•ืคื ื—ืก ืฉืžืกืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, [ืฉืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืจืฆื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื•, ื•ื™ืจื“ ืžืœืืš ื”ืžื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืฃ ื‘ื”ื], ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.
ืดืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•ืด
ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื”ื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื“ืณ – ืดืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•ืด, ื–ื”ื• ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื•ืœื”. ื•ืืžื ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื“ืณ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืื“ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืดื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืšืด, ืขืœ ื’ืณ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืคื™ืณ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื’ ืืขืจืงืชื ื“ืžืกืื ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฉืžื“. ืืš ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ, ืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื ื ืงื ืืช ื“ืณ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื“ืณ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื.

ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ื•ืคื ื—ืก ื‘ืŸ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืงื ืื• ืืช ืงื ืืชื™ ืดื‘ืชื•ื›ืืด, ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืขื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื–ื›ื” ืฉื™ื—ื™ื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื, ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื™ืกื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื.
“ืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืœื ืชื•ืจื””
“ืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืœื ืชื•ืจื”” (ืื‘ื•ืช ืคืดื• ืžืดื’), ืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ื–ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ืœื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื”ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื•, ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ื•, ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•, ื‘ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื•. ื–ื”ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื.

ื•ืžื™ ืฉื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ืชืจื‘ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืžื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ืืฆืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงืฆืช ื™ืจื•ื“ ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืœื ื ืื•ืชื” ืœื‘ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื• ื•ื ืคืฉื• ืจื•ืฆื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืื—ืจื™ื, ืœื”ืจื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื™ืจื•ื“, ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœืฉ, – ื›ืžื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืจื, ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื›ืจ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”’.

ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, – “ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื•ืคื• ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช” (ืื‘ื•ืช ืคืดื“ ืžืดื•), ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืฆื—ื™, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื›ื•ืœื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืœื›ืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืคื” (ื‘ืดื‘ ืขื”.), ื•ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืขื™ืŸ ืœื ืจืืชื” ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื–ื•ืœืชื™ืš, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืืจ ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืขืจ, ืœืžืขืœื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื”ืฉื’ืชื™ื ื•, ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืงืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื’, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื.
ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื”
ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืœืขื’ ื•ืœืงืœืก ืœืžื›ื” ื•ืœื—ืจืคื”, ื•ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืžื—ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื“ื•ืื’ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืืช ืคื ื—ืก ื–ื” ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื, ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื”.

ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ื ื—ื–ืง ืื—ืจื™ื, ื ืจื™ื ื•ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืœื ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื”ื—ืกื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ ื“ืณ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืดื•ื ื’ืœื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ ื•ืจืื• ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื›ื™ ืคื™ ื“ืณ ื“ื™ื‘ืจืด, ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืชื’ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ืจืง ืดื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื” ื•ื ื‘ืจืื•ืด, ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ื•ืจื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืดื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅืด, ืดืœืžืขืŸ ืชื“ืขืด, ื•ื™ืจืื• ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื”, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืกืคืจื• ื ื™ืกื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืœื ืžื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื”, ื•ืžื™ ื™ื‘ืฉืจ ื–ืืช – ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ, ื•ื ื’ืœื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ืณ, ื•ืจืื• ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื›ื™ ืคื™ ื“ืณ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ.

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ “ื”ืจ ื™ืจืื”” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื’ืื•ืœื”

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Harav Hagaon Binyomin Cohen Shlita

A Commitment to Consistency

Parashas Pinchas

Harav Hagaon Binyomin Cohen Shlita

Parashas Pinchas discusses the Korban Tamid, which consists of a sheep for an olah, along with a minchah and nesachim, brought twice daily: the tamid shel shachar is the first of all the korbanos of the day, and the tamid shel bein haโ€™arbayim is the last of all the korbanos (with the exception of the Korban Pesach, which is brought after the tamid shel bein haโ€™arbayim).

This discussion appears right after Moshe Rabbeinuโ€™s request that Hakadosh Baruch Hu appoint a new leader for Klal Yisrael, as he asked: ื™ึดืคึฐืงึนื“ ื”’ ืึฑืœึนืงึตื™ ื”ึธืจื•ึผื—ึนืช ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ืึดื™ืฉื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืฆึตื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ื•ึนืฆึดื™ืึตื ื•ึทืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึตื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื”’ ื›ึทึผืฆึนึผืืŸ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื”ึถื ืจึนืขึถื”. Why are these two topics juxtaposed?

Rashi, citing the Midrash, teaches that Hashem was responding to Moshe: ืขื“ ืฉืืชื” ืžืฆื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™, ืฆื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืœื™ โ€” โ€œBefore you command me about my children, command my children about me.โ€ The Midrash offers a mashal of a queen on her deathbed who asks her husband, the king, to take care of her children. โ€œBefore you ask me to take care of your children,โ€ the king responds, โ€œcommand your children about me, that they should honor me and not be rebellious.โ€ Similarly, says the Midrash, Hakadosh Baruch Hu responded to Mosheโ€™s request that He appoint a leader for Klal Yisrael by instructing Moshe to give Klal Yisrael the mitzvah of Korban Tamid.

In what way is the Korban Tamid a fulfillment of ืฆื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืœื™?

Why Korbanos, Specifically?

The Torah concludes its discussion of the Korban Tamid with the words ืึดืฉึผืึตื” ืจึตื™ื—ึท ื ึดื™ื—ึนื—ึท ืœึทื”’, and Rashi comments, ื ื—ืช ืจื•ื— ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืจืฆื•ื ื™ โ€” when Hakadosh Baruchโ€™s ratzon is fulfilled, that brings Him nachas ruach. Parenthetically, when we wish people who are making a simchah that they should have nachas, we mean that their ratzon should be fulfilled โ€” and when we wish people that they should have Yiddishe nachas, we mean their Yiddishe retzonos should be fulfilled.

But what is special about korbanos that they cause ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— more than all the other mitzvos in the Torah? Every time a Yid does a mitzvah, it brings Hakadosh Baruch Hu nachas ruach that His will has been fulfilled!

Perhaps what is special about korbanos is that there are a lot of gezeiros hakasuv โ€” chukim โ€” related to this mitzvah, which are not necessarily easily understood. When a person brings a korban, heโ€™s doing it purely because he wants to do ratzon Hashem; he has no vested interest in it, so heโ€™s doing it completely lishmah.

Thereโ€™s a famous story about a simple Yid who lived during the time of the Arizal, and he heard that since the time of the churban Beis Hamikdash, there has been no lechem hapanim. He went home to his wife and said, โ€œWe have the opportunity to bring Hakadosh Baruch Hu lechem hapanim!โ€ He and his wife baked two challos and placed them in the aron hakodesh, and when the gabbai came to shul before Shabbos and opened the aron hakodesh, he found the two fresh challos, took them home, and enjoyed them. The man who had brought the challos later came and saw that the challos were gone, so he returned to his wife and happily reported that Hakadosh Baruch Hu had accepted their offering. This went on for many weeks, until the rav discovered what was happening and instructed the gabbai to put an end to it.

When the Arizal heard about this, he summoned the rav and told him he should prepare his family for his demise. When he asked why, the Arizal explained that from the time of the churban Beis Hamikdash, Hakadosh Baruch Hu has not had as much nachas ruach as he had from this Yid and his wifeโ€™s โ€œlechem hapanim.โ€ Since the rav stopped this, he met an untimely death.

We see that when someone does something wholeheartedly, with pure intentions, that brings tremendous nachas ruach to Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

In Place of Korbanos

Although all the korbanos bring nachas ruach to Hakadosh Baruch Hu, the Torah does not mention ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— regarding all of the korbanos. Why does the Torah specify ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— โ€” ื ื—ืช ืจื•ื— ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืจืฆื•ื ื™ โ€” with regard to the Korban Tamid?

The Korban Tamid involves the unique element of consistency, as it is brought every single day, day in, day out. Temidiyus โ€” consistency โ€” is a sign of true commitment, because it shows that a person is devoted to avodas Hashem at all costs.

As we know, one of the first questions that a Yid will be asked when he comes up to Shomayim after 120 years is: ืงื‘ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” โ€” did you set times for Torah study? The question is not if you learned Torah, but rather if you were consistent about learning Torah, under all circumstances. That consistency is what shows that a person is truly committed to doing Hashemโ€™s will.

It is fitting, then, that with regard to the Korban Tamid, which is brought every day, without fail, the Torah stresses that it is a ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืœื”’, bringing Him nachas ruach because His ratzon is being fulfilled. This temidiyus shows a pure devotion to doing ratzon Hashem simply because Hakadosh Baruch Hu said so.

Now we can understand why, when Hakadosh Baruch Hu told Moshe, ืฆื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืœื™, He specifically commanded him about the Korban Tamid, which demonstrates Klal Yisraelโ€™s depth of devotion and commitment to Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

The Yalkut cites a machlokes between Beis Shammai and Beis Hillel regarding the allusion contained within the word ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื, sheep, in the context of the Korban Tamid. Beis Shammai sees this this word as related to ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, suppressing, carrying the connotation of ื›ื•ื‘ืฉ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, while Beis Hillel sees it as related to ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืก, laundering, meaning that the Korban Tamid washes away the aveiros of Klal Yisrael.

The Tur and Rema (siman 48) state that Chazal established that every Yid should recite the Parashas Hatamid daily, in light of the teaching of the Midrash that when there is no longer a Beis Hamikdash, how can Klal Yisrael access the zechus of the korbanos? Hakadosh Baruch Hu answers, โ€œWhen they are involved with learning about the korbanos, I consider it as though they offered them before me.โ€ With a few minutes every day, we can be zocheh to fulfill the mitzvah of Korban Tamid, which brings a ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืœื”’, and we can merit all the benefits, kapparos, and segulos of the Korban Tamid and be zocheh that the Beis Hamikdash should be rebuilt.

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