ShmosTetzaveh

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ืš ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื™ืช ื–ืš ื›ืชื™ืช ืœืžืื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ (ื›ื–,ื›)
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืืžืจ “ืืœื™ืš” ื“ื•ื•ืงื?

ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื‘ื™ืืจ, ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจืื” ืื ื”ื•ื ื–ืš ื•ืจืื•ื™.

ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ: ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•, ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื?

ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ: ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื (ืงืœื’) “ื”ื ื” ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื” ื ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ื™ื ื’ื ื™ื—ื“, ื›ืฉืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ื•ืจื“ ืขืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื–ืงืŸ ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•”. ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืก’ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื “ื–ืงืŸ” ืœืœืžื“ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื–ืงื ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื–ืงื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืคืชื— ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืืžืจ “ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ื™ื ื’ื ื™ื—ื“”, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›”ื› ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื–ืงืŸ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื–ืงื ื• ืฉืœื•.

ื•ื›ืžื•”ื› ื›ืฉืฉืœื— ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืช ืžืฉื” ืœื’ืื•ืœ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืฆืจื™ื, ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืžืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืžื™ื ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ืคื’ืข ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ. ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ื”ืขื™ื“ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืื”ืจืŸ “ื•ืจืืš ื•ืฉืžื— ื‘ืœื‘ื•”.

ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžื›ื— ืื”ื‘ืชื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆื ืืฆืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืžืฆื ืืฆืœื•, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืื—ื™ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.

ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ “ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ืš ืฉืžืŸ” ื•ื’ื•’, ืœืœืžื“ ืฉืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืœืงื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžืฉื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ืขื ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโ€l

ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื•

ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• “ืงืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช” ืžืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืฆื‘ื™ ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ. ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉ”ืืœื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“”. ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื–ื• ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืจืŸ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืืœื ืฉื›ืžื•ืชื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื–ืฆ”ืœ.

ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื–ื• ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืžื”ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืฉื—ืฉื• ืžืฆื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ื”ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืฉืžื—ื•ืช ืื• ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืคืš.

ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™, ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืจื””ื™ ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืœืจืคื•ืืชื• ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ืจื””ื™ ื ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ื•ืฆืจืคื• ืœืžืื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื” ื ืฉื™ืืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืขื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“.

ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืจื””ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื ืจืขืฉื• ืžื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืจื””ื™, ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื•, ืื•ืœื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืœื‘ืงืจื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืขื ื‘ื ื•, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื ื›ื”. ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืขื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ.

ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ืกืก, ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื“ืื’ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืขืœื™ืช ืฉืขืœืชื” ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจ. ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ื“ืื’ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืชืฆื•ื”

ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ

ื‘ืฆื™ืฅ ื›ืชื™ื‘, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื—ื• ืชืžื™ื“, ืข’ ื™ื•ืžื ื–’ ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ืฆื™ืฅ, ื•ืง”ื• ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช.

ื•ืข’ ืกื•ื›ื” ื›”ื• ืข”ื ื“ืฉื™ื ืช ืขืจืื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ืงืฉื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื™ืš ืฉื™ื ืช ืขืจืื™ ืžื•ืชืจืช ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื“ืื– ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ืคื™ื— (ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืž”ื˜ ืข”ื) ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ื”ื ”ืœ. ื•ืชื™’ ื”ืจื”ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค”ื’ ืกื™’ ื›”ื— ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ืืœื ืฉื—ื•ืง ื•ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื™ืจืื” ืืฃ ืฉืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช, ื“ืืœืช”ื” ืื™ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืžื™ ืžืชื ืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื“ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื›ื— ื”ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉ.

ืืš ื‘ืฉืื’”ื ืœ”ื˜ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื—ื•ืœืง ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืค”ื“ ืžืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื”ื™”ื’ ื”ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื ื™ื— ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ื. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉืื’”ื ื“ื”ืจื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืง ื•ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉ, ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ื ืข ื•ืžื“ื•ื›ื ื•ืืค”ื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื•”ื“ ืฉืค”ื— ืฉื›ืชื‘ “ื•ืžื‘ืขื™ื ืœืื‘ืœ ืœืื•ืชื•ื‘ื™ ื“ืขืชื™ื” ื•ืžื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื• ืœืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ื ื”ืœื›ืš ืžื ื™ื— ืœื”ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื“ืขืชื• ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื‘ื›ื™ ื•ื”ืกืคื“ ืœื ืžื ื— ืœื”ื•”.

ื•ืข”ืฉ ื‘ืฉืื’”ื ืกื™’ ืž’ ื“ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืงื•’ ื”ืจื”ืฉ ืžืฉื™ื ื” ืขืค”ื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื“ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืžืฉืžืฉ ื•ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช, ื•ืขื›”ืค ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืง’ ืืžื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื’ืž’ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ืช ืขืจืื™. ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ืฉืื’”ื ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืกื™’ ืœ”ื— ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื•ื‘ืกื™’ ืž”ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื”ืฉ.

ื•ื ืžืฆื ืงื•’ ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื (ืื”ื› ื ื™ืžื ื›ืชื™’ ื”ืฉืื’”ื) ื•ืงื•’ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืจื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—”ื ื”’ ืœืชืจืฅ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืขืค”ื™ ื”ืžื’”ื ืฉ”ื— ื™”ื ื“ืœืž”ื“ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืื• ื–ืžืŸ ืชืคืœื™ืŸ, ืื ื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืžืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชืŸ ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžื ื™ื— ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืฆ ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœืคื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ืžืœื‘ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ื“ื’ื ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืช. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื ืช ืขืจืื™ ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ื ืช ืงื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ืคื™ื— ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืืกื•ืจ ื’ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฆื•ืชืŸ, ื›”ื– ืฉืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื.

ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโ€l

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืช

ืดื•ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืงื“ืฉ ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืื—ื™ืš ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืชืด (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื—, ื‘), ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืœืŸ (ื›ื—, ืž) ื ืืžืจ “ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืชื ืช, ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื”ื ืื‘ื ื˜ื™ื, ื•ืžื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ืชืขืฉื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืชืด, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื ื•: ืดืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ืด – ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื-ืœ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•ืด, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘ืดืŸ: ืดืฉื™ืขืฉื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืงื“ืฉ ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืœืฉืจืช ื‘ื”ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื ื”ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ื›ืืด.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจืžื‘ืดืŸ: “ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืชืด – ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ืžืคื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื—ืชืŸ ื™ื›ื”ืŸ ืคืืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืกื, ื™), ื›ื™ ืืœื” ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืŸ, ื›ื“ืžื•ืชืŸ ื™ืœื‘ืฉื• ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืžืื™ื“ืš ืืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืž’ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™ื‘.): ืดื‘ื”ืจืื•ืชื• ืืช ืขื•ืฉืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ื™ืงืจ ืชืคืืจืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื•” (ืืกืชืจ ื, ื“) – ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื‘ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ื ืชืขื˜ืฃ ื•ืขืžื“, ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื ื™ืงืจ ืชืคืืจืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื•, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืชื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืคืืจืช.

ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืจืฉืข ื‘ื™ื–ื” ืืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื”ืžืดืง, ื•ื—ื™ืœืœ ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ื•ืœืงื— ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”.

ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• – ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“

ืดืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•ืด โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื ื ื‘ืจืื• ืืœื ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ืื—ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”’ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืณ ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืœืš ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื•ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืœืš.

ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืฉืจืชื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื”ืงื‘”ื”.

ืœื ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขืฆืžื, ื•ื–ื• ื›ืœ ืžืœื—ืžืชื ื ื’ื“ ื”’ ื•ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื™ื—ื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ืืœื ืœืขืฆืžื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืจืขื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื™ื ืœื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ืื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื•ื” ืœื™. ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ ืดืื™ื ื™ ื—ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”ืด.

ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœื›ืœื•ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื›ื‘ื“ื•, ื—ืคืฅ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•, ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื•.

ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกื ืฉืœื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืžื—ื” ืฉืžื• ืขื•ืœ ืขืžืœืง

ืดื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืขืžืœืงโ€ (ื“ื‘ืจื™โ–ก ื›ื”, ื™ื–). ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžืœื—ืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื, ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•.

ืดืืฉืจ ืงืจืš ื‘ื“ืจืšืด – ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ ืดืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจ ื•ื—ื•ื, ืฆื ื ืš ื•ื”ืคืฉื™ืจืš ืžืจืชื™ื—ืชืš, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื™ืจืื™ื ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ื‘ื ื–ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืจืื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ืžืฉืœ ืœืืžื‘ื˜ื™ ืจื•ืชื—ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื™ืจื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”, ื‘ื ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืงืคืฅ ื•ื™ืจื“ ืœืชื•ื›ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื›ื•ื” ื”ืงืจื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื—ืจื™ืืด.

ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืจืื• ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืขืžื”ื, ื•ื”ื ืžืžืœื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื’ื•ื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืœื”’ ื™ืช’, ื•ืืœื• ื”ืืจื•ืจื™ื, ืขืžืœืง ื™ืฉืดื•, ื‘ื ื•ืฆื™ื ืŸ ื•ื–ืœื–ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืชื™ื—ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ื•ื™ืจืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื‘ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ื”

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื•ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง – ืขืฉื•, ืดื•ื™ื‘ื– ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”ืด – ื‘ื™ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื. ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื, (ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืกืชืดืจ), ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉื• ื ืืžืจ ืณื•ื™ื‘ื–ืณ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžืŸ ื ืืžืจ ‘ื•ื™ื‘ื– ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื™ื“’ – ื‘ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ื”.

ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื–, ื˜ื–) ืดื›ื™ ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืก ื™-ื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœื”’ ื‘ืขืžืœืง ืžื“ื•ืจ ื“ื•ืจ” – ื ืฉื‘ืข ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ืฉืœื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกื ืฉืœื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืžื—ื” ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืžื—ื” ืฉืžื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืฉืœื ื•ื”ื›ืกื ืฉืœื (ืจืฉืดื™). ื›ื™ ื”ื›ืกื ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืขืžืœืง ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ื ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกื ืฉืœื, ื•ืจืง ื›ืฉื™ืžื—ื” ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง ื›ื•ืœื•, ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืขืžืœืง ืืช ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ืžืดืฉ ืดื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื•ื” ืœื™ืด ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืืจ ื–ื›ืจ ืžืžื ื• ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ืื– ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ืฉืœืžื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื

ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืง ืžืงืจื‘ื•, ืฉื›ืœ ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื—ืดื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืชืคืœื” ืื• ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืดื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืงืด.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืžืณ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•:) ืดื›ืจื•ื ื–ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื”.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืืžืจื• (ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื’.) ืดื™ืงืจื” ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ื ื™ืืด ืžื›ื”ืดื’ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืœืคื ื™ื, ื•ืœืžื” ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉ, ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืดื’ ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉื ืืช ื”’, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืงืจื” ืืฃ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื–ื•.

ื•ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช (ืคืดื’ ืžืดื‘) ืดืจืดื— ื‘ืŸ ืชืจื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื“ืดืช ื”ืจื™ืดื– ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืœื™ืฆื™ื, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ืด, ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจืžื‘ืดื (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื) ืฉื”ืจืื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ืืžืจ ืดื›ื™ ืื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืณ ื—ืคืฆื•ืด, ื”ืจื™ ื›ื™ ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืœืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืณ.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื’, ืงืขื–), ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื›ืช ืœืฆื™ื, ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืขื™ื™ืดืฉ, ื•ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืฉื ื”ื™ื: ืดื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื›ื“ืจืš ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืงืจื ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืงื‘ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื ืฆื— ื•ืœืงื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืžื™ืจื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื – ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื–ื•ืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืณ ื•ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ืืด.

ืื ืชื‘ืงืฉื ื” ื›ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื›ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื ืชื—ืคืฉื ื” ืื– ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณ

ืดืื ืชื‘ืงืฉื ื” ื›ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื›ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื ืชื—ืคืฉื ื” ืื– ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณืด (ืžืฉืœื™ ื‘, ื“) – ื›ืฉืชืขืงื•ืจ ืžืœื‘ืš ื›ืœ ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณ ืื– ืชื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืืช ื”’, ื›ื™ ืชื“ืข ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื™ืจืืช ื”’ ืืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืืช ื”’ ืžื”ื™.

ื•ืœื ืชืขืœื” ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื—ื™

ื•ื”ื ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืชืจื• (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›, ื›ื’): โ€ื•ืœื ืชืขืœื” ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื—ื™ ืืฉืจ ืœื ืชื’ืœื” ืขืจื•ืชืš ืขืœื™ื•โ€, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ื•ืฉืดื™: ื•ื”ืจื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื•ืžื” ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ืŸ, ืืžืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื”ื ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ, ื—ื‘ื™ืจืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืš, ื•ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ื•, ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื”.

ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืŸ, ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืงืดื•, ืืš ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืกืจืš ืงื•ืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืš ‘ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืš’ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ืืดื› ื”ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื”ืจื™ืดื– ืคื•ื’ืข ื—ืดื• ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื•, ื”ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืง ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื—ื•ืชื• ืžืœื‘.

ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื›ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืืช ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืง, ืฉืœื ืœื–ืœื–ืœ ื—ืดื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื•ื‘ื™ืจืืชื ื•, ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืงืจื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื™ืงืจ, ื•ืœืชืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืชื•ืจื” ืœืชืคืœื” ื•ืœื™ืจืื”, ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืš. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช “ื›ื™ ืžื—ื” ืืžื—ื” ืืช ื–ื›ืจ ืขืžืœืงืด, ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื.

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Harav Hagaon Shmuel Friedman Shlita

The Unifying Factor

Parashas Tetzaveh

Harav Hagaon Shmuel Friedman Shlita

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At the end of this weekโ€™s parashah we find the commandment to build the mizbeiโ€™ach haketores: ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืžึดืงึฐื˜ึทืจ ืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ืขึฒืฆึตื™ ืฉืึดื˜ึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืึนืชื•ึน. This seems like an odd place, since Parashas Terumah is the parashah in which Hakadosh Baruch Hu commanded Klal Yisrael to build the Mishkan and the keilim: the aron, the shulchan, the menorah, and the mizbeiโ€™ach hachitzon. The focus of Parashas Tetzaveh, on the other hand, is the kohanim and the bigdei kehunah. Why, then, is the commandment to build the mizbeiโ€™ach haketores placed in Parashas Tetzaveh, instead of in Parashas Terumah together with all the other keilim? This question is asked by many Rishonim, including the Ramban, Ibn Ezra, and Sforno.

 

The Midrash Tanchuma, in this weekโ€™s parashah, tells us that the Shechinah descended upon the Mishkan only after the ketores was brought:

 

ื”ืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืชื“ืข ืœืš ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ื• ื•ืฉื—ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ื•ืขืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืกื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืœื ื™ืจื“ื” ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืขื“ ืฉื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช.

 

The Midrash Tanchuma also teaches that Hashem said that of all the offerings in the Mishkan, the ketores is most precious to Him:

 

ืืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ ื›ืงื˜ืจืช, ืชื“ืข ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื˜ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื•ื”ืืฉื ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืฉืœืžื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืืœื ืœื›ืคืจื” ืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืื” ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืขื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืืฉื ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื•ื™ ืฉืžืŸ ื•ืงื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืžื— ืœื‘.

 

Other korbanos are brought for the purpose of achieving kapparah, but the ketores is unrelated to any transgression; its purpose is to bring simchah to the Ribbono Shel Olam.

 

So special was the ketores that one of the main avodos of the Kohen Gadol on Yom Kippur was offering ketores inside the Kodesh Hakodashim. We also find, in the Gemara in Shabbos, that after Moshe Rabbeinuโ€™s debate with the malachim, the malachim became friendly with him and gave him presents. Even the Malach Hamaves gave Moshe something โ€“ he gave him the secret of the ketores, teaching him that the ketores has the power to stop a plague and eliminate the force of din. ย 

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What is so special about the ketores? Why does it have the ability to stop a plague and remove judgment? Why was it specifically the ketores that brought down the Shechinah? And why does it bring simchah to Hashem?

 

Furthermore, in the machlokes of Korach, it was specifically the avodah of the ketores that was used to determine who was fit for kehunah. Why was the ketores chosen, over any other avodah in the Mishkan, for this purpose?

 

The Essence of Kehunah

Ketores, it seems, represents the essence of kehunah. The commandment to build the mizbeiโ€™ach haketores appears in Parashas Tetzaveh, the parashah of kehunah, because ketores, more than anything, defines kehunah. For that reason, the zer zahav, which represented the kesser kehunah, was placed specifically on the mizbeiโ€™ach haketores. That is also why the ketores was used to differentiate between Aharon, the true kohen, and Korach and his followers, who had not been chosen by Hashem for kehunah.

 

Rav Moshe Rosenman, in his sefer Simchas Mordechai, explains why the ketores is so fundamental to kehunah. He cites a teaching of the Maharal(Derech Chaim on Avos,1:12), regarding the Mishnah that states:

 

ื”ืœืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืœื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื”.

 

What does it mean to be a talmid of Aharon? The Maharal teaches that the Kohen Gadol would connect all of Klal Yisrael and unify them into one nation, with one Mishkan and one mizbeiโ€™ach. In contrast to the other nations, who have many priests, Klal Yisrael have only one Hashem, one Torah, and one Kohen Gadol.

 

Aharon would bring all the Yidden together, ensuring that there was no machlokes among them. We see, then, that the tafkid of Aharon Hakohen specifically, and that of the entire Shevet Levi in general, was to unify Klal Yisrael into one nation. Thatโ€™s also why thereโ€™s a special mitzvah for the kohanim to bentch Klal Yisrael: since itโ€™s their responsibility to ensure that there is no divisiveness in Klal Yisrael, they are commanded to bless Klal Yisrael every day with love.

 

What was the source of Aharonโ€™s ability to unify all of Klal Yisrael? It was his lev tov. On the words: ื•ึฐืจึธืึฒืšึธ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืžึทื— ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน, the Midrash teaches that Aharon Hakohen genuinely rejoiced when Hashem appointed his younger brother Moshe to be the leader of Klal Yisrael and redeem them from Mitzrayim. In reward, Hashem said that the heart that was happy for his brotherโ€™s greatness should be adored with the Urim Vetumim.

 

Aharon Hakohen was devoid of all bad middos; he truly desired the good of everyone in Klal Yisrael. Because of that lev tov, he merited kehunah.

 

Aharon saw only the good in others, not their flaws. Through the purity of his heart, Aharon was able to make all of Klal Yisrael feel connected, thus unifying them into one nation.

 

The Inclusivity of Ketores

This idea of achdus is reflected in the avodah of the ketores. The ketores comprised eleven ingredients, including chelbenah, which had a bad smell. Yet when the chelbenah was combined with the other spices of the ketores, the resulting fragrance was so pleasing that women in Yerushalayim had no need for perfume.

 

From the fact that chelbenah was included in the ketores, the Gemara (Kerisus 6b) derives that a taanis tzibbur must include sinners in order for it to be considered a taanis. Similarly, the opening words of the davening on Yom Kippur are:ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืื ื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื. We introduce the avodah of Yom Kippur with the idea that Klal Yisrael are unified, and that this unity โ€“ which encompasses both tzaddikim as well as sinners โ€“ creates a beautiful fragrance.

 

The ketores, then, is a symbol of achdus. That achdus is what brings simchah to the Ribbono Shel Olam and what has the power to bring down the Shechinah.

 

The ketores represents the inclusion of every Yid, including sinners, in Klal Yisrael. Our inclusion of these sinners is a statement that at the core, every Yid is essentially good. If a Yid sins, itโ€™s incidental, not a reflection of who they really are.

 

Rather than distance a sinner, we are supposed to look at their maalos and draw them closer to Torah, as the Mishnah teaches that we are meant to follow Aharonโ€™s example and be ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื”.

 

Perhaps this is why it is considered meritorious to recite the parashah of ketores ย before davening. Just as it is advisable for a person to verbally accept upon himself the mitzvah of ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืœืจืขืš ื›ืžื•ืš before davening, which connects him to the rest of Klal Yisrael so that his tefillos should be accepted, so, too, reciting the parashah of ketores โ€“ which evokes the achdus of Klal Yisrael โ€“ is a way of connecting all Yidden to each other and to their Father in Heaven. The word ketores is actually related, in Aramaic, to the word kesher, which reflects the idea that the purpose of the ketores is to bring about connection.

 

This understanding of the function of the ketores can shed light on Chazalโ€™s teaching that the ketores atones for lashon hara. Focusing on the good in the other, rather than seeing the bad, helps a person avoid lashon hara.

 

On Yom Kippur, the ketores, whose purpose is to bring about achdus, is brought specifically by the Kohen Gadol, whose job is to unify Klal Yisrael and connect them with their Father in Heaven. This dispels Heavenly anger and eliminates din from Klal Yisrael, as the Malach Hamaves taught Moshe Rabbeinu. It also brings brachah to Klal Yisrael, as the Gemara teaches that offering ketores was a segulah for wealth.

 

We can add that the avodah of unifying Klal Yisrael is not limited to the Kohen Gadol and other kohanim, as the Rambam teaches, at the end of Hilchos Shemittah Veyovel, that the role of Shevet Levi โ€“ including the job of creating achdus in Klal Yisrael โ€“ can be achieved by any person who desires to come close to the Ribbono Shel Olam.

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