ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโl
ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืืฉื (ืื,ื)
ืืืฉ ืืืืื, ืืคื ื ืื ื ืื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื, ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืงืจืื ืืื ืชืจืืืช ืืืฉืื?
ืืชืืจืฅ ืืืืจ ืืืืื: ืืคื ื ืฉืืืืจื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ื ืืืชื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืจืื, ืืคืืื ืื ื ืืืชืื ืืช ื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ื, ืืจืื ืฉืชืจืืืชื ืคืืืชื ืืืขืืชื ืืื ืชืจืืืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื.
ืืฉืืื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื: ืื ืืชืืืขื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืื, ืืืจื ืืขืื ืืืื ืฉืืืจื “ืืชื ืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืจืื ืื ื ืืฉืืืืื”?
ืืชืืจืฅ: ืืื’ (ืกื ืืืจืื ืขื.) ืืืืืจ ืฉืืฆืืช ืืกืืจืืช ื ืคืฉ ื ืืืืช ืืืคืก’ “ืืืืืช ืืช ื’ ืืืืงืื” (ืืืจืื ื, ื). ืื ืจืื ืืืขื ืืื, ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืกืืจ ื ืคืฉื, ืืืจืืช ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืฆืื ืขืืื ืืืกืืจ ื ืคืฉ, ืืืฆื ืืขืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืขืื ืื ืฆืืืงืื ืืืืข ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืคืขื ืืืกืืจ ืขืฆืื ืืืืชื. ืืื ื ืืชื ื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืฉืื “ืืืืืช”, ืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช, ืืื ืงืืคืฅ ืืืืกืจ ื ืคืฉื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืืจืืืจืื ืืืืืฉืืืช ืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืกืืจ ื ืคืฉื. ืื ืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืืืช ืื”ืช ืืื ืืื ืืืกืจ ื ืคืฉื ืืืืื ืจืื.
ืืื ืืืืชื ืืชืืืขื ืขื ืื ืฉืืืื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืืงืคืืฅ ืืื ืื ืืช ืชืจืืืชื ืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืื”ืช ืืจืืข ืฉื ืฆืืื ืขื ืื, ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืขืืื ืืืขืื ืืช ืชืจืืืชื.
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yeruchem Levovitz, ztโl
ืจืืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืืืงืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืื
ืืืืชื ืฉืืชื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืื”ืฆ ืจืื ืืจืืื ืืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืง”ื (‘ืืขืช ืืืื ืืืืกืจ’ ื”ื ืขื’ ืจืื) ืืชื ืื”ื: ืืืกืคืจ ืื ืืืื ืืขืฉื, ืืขืช ืฉืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืื ื ืืฉืืืช ืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืงืื, ืืจืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืขืืืืื, ืืคืขื ืืืช ืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืืืืข, ืื ืคื ืื ืคืกืืง ืฉื ืืืืชื ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ื ืชืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืกืืง ืืืื: ‘ืืืืขืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืืจื ืืื ื’. ืืืืืจ ืืจืืจ ืฉืื ืืคื ืืขืฉื ื ืชืืื ืื ืืคืกืืง, ืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื ืืื ืื ืขืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืื ื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืจืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืฉืื ืืกืืจื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืขื, ืืืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืืช ืืขืช ืฉืืืืจื ืืืืฆื ื ืืขืืื ืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืืืืจ ืคืฉืื ืืืืืืจ. ืขืดื.
ืืขื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืคืจ ‘ืื ืื ื ืืื’ ืืืชื ืืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืจืื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ’ ืืฆืืง”ื ืื”ื: ืื ืขืชื ืืจืื ืื ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืขืช ืืืื ืืืืกืจ ืืืชื ืื ืืกืืคื ืืืจ ื ืืจื, ืฉืืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืขืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืืจื ืืื ื, ืืืื ืขื ืืืืืงื ืืืฉืืืืช ืืจืืฉืืื. ืคืืจืืฉ, ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ื, ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืขืจื ืืืืื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืชืจืืื
ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืคืื
ืืืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืชืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืขืช ืฉื ื. ืข’ ืจ’ ืืืื ืฉื’ “ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืฆื ืืืืฃ ืืฉืจืฃ ืฉืืื ืืชืืืขืช ืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืขื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืฉ (ืฉืืช ื”ื ืข”ื), ืืฆืืข ืชืืืขืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ื ืืืืฃ ืืชืืืขืช ืืื ืืชืื ืืจืืจืื ืฉืืชืืืขืช ืืชืืื”. (ืื’ ืืืืื ืื”ื ืืจืื”ื ืค”ื ืืคืจื ืืืืื ื”ื ืืืืจ ืชืืืขืช).
ืืคืฉืื ืืจ’ ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืขื ืืืชืจ ืืคืื. ืืฆ”ื ืืืฃ ืืืืืฃ ืืืืชืื ืืืขื ืชืืื ืชืืจืช ื’ ืืคืื, ื”ื ืืืงืฉ ืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืคืืื, ืืืืืืจ ืืงืืืฉืื ื”ื ืข”ื. ืื”ื ืื”ื ืชืงืค”ื ื’.
ืืื ื ืจ’ ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืฉ, ืข”ืฉ ืืฉืืช ื”ื ืข”ื ืืืชืืืื ืืืจ ืจ’ ืืืกืฃ ืืข”ื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชื ืื ื ืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ. ืื ืฉื ืขืืื ื’, ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืืชืืฉ. ืืข”ืฉ ืืจืฉ”ื ืืกืืจ ืืื’ ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืืืจื ืืืงื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื. ืืืฉืืข ืืืกืงื ื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืจื. ืืืขื”ื ืื ืื”ื ื”ื ืื”ื ื’ ืืื ืืืืืจ, ืืกืืจ ืืื’ ืืืืงื ืืชืคืืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉืืืช ื’, ืืื ืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืงืฉื ืืชืคืืื, ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืจ.
ืืข”ืฉ ืื ืื”ื ืฉืืืื ืื ื ืจืืื ืืืืคื ืกืืื ืืคืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืข”ื ืืื ืืชืืจื ื”ืฆ ืืืชืจ ืืคืื. ืืข”ืฉ ืฉื ืชืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืฉื ื”ืฆ ืืข”ื ืืจืง ืืฉืืคืจ ืืืขื ืืข”ื ืืขื ืืืชืจ ืืคืื. ืืื ืคืืจืฉ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืื.
ืืข’ ืืืืืช ืื ืื”ื ืืืืฉ ืขื ื ืืื”ืช ื’ ืืืช ื* ืฉืืืืื ืืก’ ืืืจ ืืืืกืฃ ืืฉื ืืจืืช ืืฉื ืืจ’ ืืฉื ืงืขืจื ืจ ืชืืืื ืื ื ืฉื ืื ืื”ื ืขื’ ื”ื, ืืืืช 53, ืฉืื ื ืืืจ ืืฉื ืื ืื”ื ืขืฆืื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืคืื ืื ”ื, ืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื”ื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืชืื ืืืืจืื.
ืืข’ ืจืฉ”ื ืืืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืฉืคืกื ืืื ืืชืคืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืื, ืืืง’ ืจืข”ื ืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืคืกืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืื, ืืชื’ ืชื”ืช ืืืืจื ื ืื”ื ืื ”ื ืืืืื ืช ืจืฉ”ื ืืืืื ืืชืคืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืื ืข”ื ืืขื ืืข”ื. ืืืขื”ื ืืฉืค”ื ืฉื. ืืืืจ ืฆืื ืื”ื ื”ื.
"ืืืื - ืืืืื ืื ืืื"
Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Aaron Chodosh, ztโl
ืืืชื ืืืืืช (ื, ืื): ืจืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืจ, ืฉืืฉื ืืชืจืื ืื, ืืชืจ ืชืืจื ืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืช, ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืืืื.
ืืืจืฉ”ื ืฉื: ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืื- ืืืืืจ ืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืื, ืื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ื ืืฆื ืฉื ืืื ืขืืื ืืื’.
ืืื’ ืืืื ืข”ื: ื”ืจ ืืืื ื ืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื, ืฉื ืืืื, ืืฉื ืืจืื, ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื, ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื, ืฉื ืืจืื ืขืืืื ืืื ื ืืื, ืื ืืจืืฆื ืืืงื ืืื ืืืงื, ืฉืื ืชืืืจ ืคืืืช ืืื, ืช”ื (ืืฉืื ื-ืื) ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื.
ืจืื ืืืื ื ืจืื, ืืชืื ืืจ ืืงืจืื ื ืืืจ, ืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืืื ื. ืืืจืฉ”ื ืืื- ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืงืืืื, ืืจื- ืืฉืชืืืช ืืื ื.
ืืืจ ืจืื ืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืืืฅ ืชืฆืคื ื. ืืืื ืืื’ ื’ืืจื’ ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื’ืชืืื’ ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืฉื’ืชืืื’ ืืื ืืฆืื, ืืื ืฆืจืื ืฉื’ืืจื’, ืืืืืฉ ืืืืชื ืืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืืช ืืืืืฅ.
ืืืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืชื ืฉืืชืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืื, ืฉืืืจืื ืืืคื ืื ืืคืจืืืช, ืืืฉืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืฅ ืืคืจืืืช. ืืขืื ืจืืื, ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืื, ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจ ‘ืืืช ืืื’ ืืื’, ืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืจ ‘ืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืช ืืืื’, ืืื ืืืจืืช ื’, ืฉืืื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืืช ืืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืจืื ื’ ืืจืื ื’, ืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืชืื, ืขื”ื.
ืฉืืืช (ืื, ื): “ืืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืคืืจืช”, ืืืจืื”ื: ืฉืืืื ื ืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืืืืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืืืคืืืจืื ืืื’.
ืืืืจืฉ ืจืื (ืื, ื): ืืืจ ืืืจ, ‘ืืื ืืืืจ’- ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืฉืื ื, ืื) ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื, ืชืืข ืื, ืื ืืืจ ืืจืืฉ ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืช ืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืชื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืขืืฅ, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืจื ืืืืื ื’ ื, ื) ืืืื ืืขืืฅ ื ืืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื, ืขื ืฉืืืข ืืชืืจื, ืืื “ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื”. ืืื ืืชื ืืืฆื ืืืืจื, ืื ืืชืื (ืืืืื ื, ื) ืชืืจืช ืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืืื, ืื ืืืจ ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืฉื (ืฉืืืช ืื, ื) ืืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืงืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืคืืจืช, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืข ืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื.
ืืขืื ืฉื ื’: ืืืจ ืืืจ, ืฉืขืฉื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื, ืฉืืืืืฉื ืืืืืื ืืฉืจืช, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืืื ื, ื) ‘ืื ืืืื ื’ ืฆืืืืช ืืื’, ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืชืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ืชืืจื ืืื ื ืืื ืืขืชืื ืืืื, ืืื ื ืืืก ืืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืฉืข ื, ื) ืื ืืชื ืืืขืช ืืืกืช ืืืืืกื ืืืื ืื, ืฉืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืคืื ืืฉ ืื, ืฉื ืืืก ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืืื ื, ื) ืื ืฉืคืชื ืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืขืช ืืชืืจื ืืืงืฉื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืื ื’ ืฆืืืืช ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืจืื ืื ืืชืื (ืืืื ื, ืื) ืืจืฅ ืขืคืชื ืืื ืืคื, ืื ืืืื ื, ืฉืืจืฉืขืื ืคืืจืืื ืืขืืฃ. ืืืจ ืืืจ, ืขืคืชื, ืฉืืจืฉืขืื ืขืึตืคืื ืื. ืืื ืืจื ืืฉื, ืืืจ ืจืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืชืืืืื ืกืืจืื ืกืืจืื ืืืืขื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืื ื, ืื) ืฆืืืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื. ืืชืืจื ืืืงืฉื ืืคืืื (ืืืืื ื, ื), ืื ืืืข ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฉื ืชืืืืื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืฉืขืื ื ื, ืื) ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื’, ืืื (ืืฉืขืื ื, ื) ืืื ืืื ืฃ ืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืจืืืช ืืช ืืืจืื.
ืืขืื ืฉื ื’: ืืืจ ืืืจ, ืื ืืืืจ- ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืืฉืข ืื, ื) ืงืื ืขืืื ืืืจืื, ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื (ืชืืืื ืื, ื ื) ืืจืืฅ ืื ืงืืื ืืคื, ืืฉืืข ืืงืื ืชืืื. ืืืื ืืฃ ืืืงืจืื ืคืจืื ืืืืืื, ืชืืืื ืืืืจ: ืืฉืืข ืืงืื ืชืืื. ืืคื ืฉืืฉืจืื ืืืืจืื ืจืืื ืืขืืื, ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืคืจ ืืื, ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืคืจ ืื, ืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืงืจืื. ืืืจ ืืื (ืืืงืจื ื, ืื) ืืื ืื ืขืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืื ืืื’. ืืืจื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืช. ืืืจ ืืื, ืืืจืื ืื ื ืืืงืฉ, ืฉื ืืืจ ืงืื ืขืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืื ื’, ืืื ื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืขืืื ืืชืืื. ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืจืื ื, ื) ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืืฉื. ืืืจื ืื, ืืื ืื ื ืืืืขืื, ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ื ืืงืื ืืื’, ืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ, ืื ืืืืจ, ืืคื ืฉืื ืืชืจืฆื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืชืคืื.
ืืื’ (ืชืืืจื ืื.): ืืืจ ืจื ืืฉืขื ืฉื ืคืืจ ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืื ืขืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืฉืข ืฉืื ืืื ื ืื ืกืคืืงืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื, ืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืฉืขื ืืืช ืืืืืชื ืืืงืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืชืืช ืื (ืฉืืืช ืื-ืื) ืืืฉืจืชื ืืืืฉืข ืื ื ืื ื ืขืจ ืื ืืืืฉ ืืชืื ืืืื, ืืื ืชืฉืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉืข ืื ืฉืชืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืืืช ืืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืืืช ืกืคืืงืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืจืื, ืืืจ ืื ืืงื”ื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ, ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืืฉืข ื-ื) ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืช ืืฉื ืขืื ื’ ืืืืืจ ื’ ืืื’, ืืืชื ืืชืื ืชื ื ืืืฃ ืืฉืืข ืืืืช ืงืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉืืืช ืืืงืืืงื ืกืืคืจืื ื ืฉืชืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืฉื, ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืื ืืขืค”ื ืืืืืจื ืขืชื ืืื ืื ืงื ื ืืชืื ืคืืคืืื ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืืืฉืข ืื-ืื) ืืืืืื ืขืชื ืืื ืื ืงื ื, ืชื ื ืืื ืขืชื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืฅ, ืืื ืฉืื ืขืชื ืืื, ืฉืขื ืื ืื, ืืขืืฅ ืฉืืขืฅ ืืจืืืฅ ืชืืจื ืืืฉืจืื, ืืื ืื ืฉืขื ืื ืื, ืืืชืื (ืืืจื ืืืืื ื ื-ื) ‘ืืืงืจื ืืขืืฅ ืืืืงื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ, ืื ืืจื ืชืืจืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืืืืื, ืืืืชื ืืื ืขืื, ืืขืฉืืช ืืจืขื ืืืืชื ืขืฆืื, ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืื’. ืื ืืจื ืชืืจืื ื- ืืชืืจื, ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืืืืื- ืืชืืืืืื, ืืืืชื ืืื ืขืื- ืฉืื ืืฉืชืื ืชืืืืื ืืืื, ืืขืฉืืช ืืจืขื- ืฉืืืืื ื ืื ืจืขืื ืืืืชื, ืืืืชื ืขืฆืื- ืฉืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื”ืจ ืืืฉื ืืช, ืื ืืชื ืขืืฉื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืจืื ื ืืืื ืื ืกืืกื ืืฉืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืื.
ืืืืช ื’ ื’ ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืคืจืง ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช ืื ืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช, ืฆืจืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืื, ืฉืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื, ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืืืื, ืงืจืื ืจืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืขื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืชืืืืื ื ื), ืืืชื ืื ืืฉ ืืขืจืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืขึดื, ืืืื ืืืจืื ืงื ืืืืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืงืจืื ืจืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืขื, ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืคืจืง ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช ืื ืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืืฉืื ื) ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื.
ืืืจืฉ”ื ืฉื: ืืืื ืงืืืจ, ืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืขืกืงื ืชืืจื, ื ื’ ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืขืืฉืื ืืืฆืจืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืจืช ืื.
ืืืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืืช (ื, ืื): ืืืชื ืฉื ืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืืืื, ืจ”ื ืืืืชืจืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืกืง ืืฉืจ ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื ืืืงืืื ืืืฆืืืช.
ืืื’ ืืืื ืข”ื: ืืืจ ืจ’ ืืื ืชื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืฉืื ืื, ืื) ‘ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืกืื ืืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื’, ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืขืืกืงืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืื ื.ืืช ืฉืืื.
“ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจ ืืื ืกืืื” ืืืืจื ืืื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืืจ โ ืื ืื ืืกืืจืช. ืืฉ ืืื ืชืืจื ืืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืื ืืกืืจืช. ืกืืคืจ ืื ื ืืื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืจ’ ืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืฆืืง”ื, ืจ’ ื ืืื ืืืืืืืฅ’ ืฉืืื”ื, ืฉืกืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืื ืขืืืื ืืืฉืืื, ืชืืื ื ืืื ืืกืืจืช ืืกืจ ืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืคื ืฉืื, ืื ืืชื ืืกืจ ืื ืืกืืจืช ืืืื ืื ืืกืจ ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืฉืื.
ื’ ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืช “ืืืืช ืืืืืฅ ืชืฆืคื ื”, ืชืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืืชืืื.
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Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
More Nisyonos Means More Kedushah
Parashas Terumah
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal
in this weekโs parashah we are introduced to the keilim of the Mishkan and Beis Hamikdash. The Gemara, at the end of Chagigah, discusses whether the Shulchan was mekabel tumah, like other vessels made of wood. The Gemara proves that it was mekabel tumah, from the passuk that describes the Shulchan as โhaShulchan hatahor.โ If the Torah refers to the Shulchan as tahor, says the Gemara, it must be that it can become tamei.
This Gemara is hard to understand. I would have thought the opposite: If the Shulchan had no potential to become tamei, then it should be called tahor, and if it is labeled tahor, it should have no potential to become tamei! Why would it be called tahor if it can become tamei?
We can better understand this in light of the mishnah (Avos 5:5) that says that one of the ten miracles in the Beis Hamikdash was that the kohen gadol never became tamei from keri on Yom Kippur. If this required a miracle, then we can infer that al pi teva, the kohen gadol would automatically have become tamei on Yom Kippur, and a nes was necessary to hold back the tumah.
Why was it inevitable that the kohen gadol, of all people, should have become tamei on Yom Kippur, of all days of the year?
The Chayei Adam, in Hilchos Yom Kippur, explains that Hakadosh Baruch Hu created forces of kedushah and opposing forces of tumah, and the forces of tumah are attracted to kedushah just as metal is drawn to a magnet.
When the Ramban arrived in Eretz Yisrael, he wrote a letter to his family in which he described the holy sites that he visited, which were in ruins. He noted that he observed various levels of destruction, and ืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืืืืจื ืืจื ืืืืืจื โ the holier a place was, the more destroyed it was.
This was no coincidence. Precisely because some places were holier, they were subject to more severe destruction, because they attracted the forces of churban, since kedushah attracts tumah.
This, says the Chayei Adam, explains why the kohen gadol should have become tamei on Yom Kippur. He would not have become tamei despite the fact that it was Yom Kippur โ he would have become tamei precisely because it was Yom Kippur. On that day, the kohen gadol attained the highest level of kedushah that a human being could reach, when he entered the Kodesh Hakodashim, the holiest place on earth, on the holiest day of the year. The power of that kedushah was so intense that that it served as a powerful magnet for tumah, to the extent that al pi teva it was inevitable that the kohen gadol should have become tamei. Even though, as the Mishnah describes in Yoma, he took many precautions to avoid becoming tamei, that would not have helped, because once his kedushah reached that high a level the tumah would have been drawn to him automatically.
Are You Chametzโdik?
We find a similar idea regarding matzah. The Gemara in Pesachim discusses which types of grain may be used to make matzah, and concludes that only the five minei dagan are suitable, while rice, for instance, is not. The Gemara explains that this is because only the five minei dagan have the potential to become chametz, and the rule is that matzah can be made only from something that can become chametz.
Why is this? Shouldnโt it be the opposite? Shouldnโt matzah be made only from a grain that can never become chametz, like rice?
Matzah represents kedushah. Matzah is the yetzer tov. And the only way we can identify something as kedushah and yetzer tov is when it contains the potential of chametz and yetzer hara. If it didnโt have the potential of chametz, itโs not bad โ but it doesnโt have the potential of kedushah.
Similarly, if you want to identify and gauge the potential of kedushah that something has, you measure the amount of tumah thatโs attracted to it.
We can now understand why the Shulchan is called โhaShulchan hatahor.โ If it could not be mekabel tumah, then we couldnโt call it tamei โ but we also could not label it tahor. If the Torah calls it tahor, it must be that it is a magnet for tumah and has the possibility to become tamei. If no such possibility existed, it would not be called tahor.
This is relevant not only to the kedushah and taharah of places and objects, but also to that of people. The Alter of Novardhok applied the above principle regarding matzah to his talmidim. He observed that a bachur can be โnot chametzโ โ heโs a nice boy, without too many nisyonos, and everything goes smoothly for him. But then there is a bachur whoโs โchametzโdikโ โ he faces many nisyonos and difficulties, and the yetzer hara tries valiantly to tempt him. The Alter said that he prefers the chametzโdik bachur. โFrom the chometzโdik bachur I can make a matzah,โ he said. The non-chometzโdik bachur will never become chometzโdik โ but he canโt become a matzah, either.
Often, when a person is being bombarded by nisyonos, he starts to feel down about himself: If the yetzer hara is bombarding me, I must be really low. But the truth is precisely the opposite. Because he has great potential for kedushah, he is attracting the nisyonos of tumah.
The existence of these nisyonos should not cause a person to view himself negatively โ on the contrary, these nisyonos are an indication of the potential for kedushah within him. As the Ramban writes, ืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืืืืจื ืืจื ืืืืืจื.
The Magnetic Force of Today
This principle applies to periods in history as well.
Todayโs generation is bombarded with out-of-control tumah and nisyonos. At first glance, we might think that this is a terribly low generation. But according to what weโve discussed, the truth would seem to be exactly the opposite. If our generation is attracting so much tumah, that means it contains great potential for kedushah.
As we know, we are living in the generation of Ikvesa dโMeshicha โ the era before Moshiach. When Moshiach comes, and the third Beis Hamikdash is built, Klal Yisrael will reach unprecedented heights. We will achieve the ultimate and complete tikkun, and there will be no more churban, no more tzaros, no more galus. Standing as we are on the verge of this intense kedushah, it is entirely understandable that we are being bombarded by tumah โ just as the kohen gadol serves as a magnet for tumah when he is about to reach the pinnacle of kedushah.
In our generation, the bombardment of tumah indicates that we are on the verge of attaining the highest level of kedushah. This is a tremendous chizuk, on both a personal and a collective level. When we are being tested with difficult nisyonos, and the yetzer hara is attacking with full force, we should see this as a sure sign of the intense magnet of kedushah we hold within ourselves.