ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Moreinu Hagaon Harav Eliyahu Baruch Finkel ,ztโl
ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืื’ ืชืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืชื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืชืืจ ืืืืืช ืืื’, ืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืงืื, ืืื ืื ืชืืฆื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืชื ืชืืจืื ืืื’. (ืืืงืจื ืื, ื-ื)
ืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื, ืืืืข ืืคืกืืง ืฉื “ืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช” ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช, ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืื ืคืจืฉืช ืืื ื ืืืืืืช, ืืืคื ื ืื ื ืืชื ืืืงื ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืฉืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืฉ ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืชืืจ ืืืืืช, ืืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืชื ืชืืจืื ืื ืฉื ื ืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืืช, ืืืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ืืืจ ืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืืืืืช.
ืืชืืจืฅ, ืืืงืื ืื ืฉืืจืฉื ืื”ื (ืื ืืืช ืืฃ ืง”ื ืข”ื) “ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืช (ืืืงืจื ื, ืื), ืืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืฉื (ืฉื, ื, ื), ืื ืืขืืกืง ืืชืืจืช ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืงืจืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืขืืกืง ืืชืืจืช ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืงืจืื ืืฉื”, ืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืืืื (ืืฃ ื”ื ืข”ื) ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืฉ ืงืืื ืืื’, ืืืจ ืชืืงื ืชื ืืื ืกืืจ ืงืจืื ืืช, ืื ืืื ืฉืงืืจืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืจืืืื ืืคื ื ืงืจืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืขื ืื ืขืื ืืชืืื.
ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืช ืืจืืฆื ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืืื ืคืจืฉื ืืงืจื, ืืืคืื ืจืืืื ืืื ื ืจืื ืืืืจ ืืขืฉืืจ ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ, ืืืืื ืืขื ื ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืงืจืื ืขื ื. ืืืื ืืืืชืจ ื ืจืื ืฉืืฃ ืขื ื ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ, ืฉืืจื ืื ืคืืืจื ืฉื ืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ ืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืื, ืืื ืืจื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืช ืืงืจืื ืืช, ืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืขืฉืืจืืช, ืืืื ืืืคื ืชืืจืช ืืงืจืื ืืช ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืืืื ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ.
ืืืคื ืื ืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืขื ื ืืชื ืืคืกืืง ืฉื “ืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช” ืืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ, ืฉืืจื ืืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืชืืจืช ืืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืืงืจืื ืืืงืืื ืข”ื ืื “ืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืืืช”, ืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืชืืจืช ืงืจืื ืขืฉืืจ.
ืืฉืืื ืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโl
ืื ื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืชืืจื
ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืฆืืง”ื ืืืกืขืืชืื ืืืืืก ืืกืคืื ืขืืืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืืชืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืืืช ืชืจืืืชื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื.
ืืืืช ืืคืขืืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืชื ืฉื ืขืฉืืจ ืืื, ืืืืงืฉ ืืื ื ืชืจืืื ืืืื ื ืขืืืจ ืืืืงืช ืืืฉืืื.
ืืฉืื ืืขืฉืืจ ืื ืขืงื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืชืจืื ืชืจืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืช.
ืืืจ ืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืฆืืง”ื: “ืืื ืืฆืื ืงืฉื, ืื ืืฆื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืืื ืื ืงืฉื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ.”
ืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืขืฉืืจ ืืืชืืืื ืขื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืชืจืื ืชืจืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืฉืืื, ืื ืจื”ื ืขื ื ืื: “ืื ืื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืก! ืื ืืืขืฉื?”
ืืืจ ืืืชื ืขืฉืืจ: “ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืกืฃ, ืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืชืืืฅ ืืชืช ืกืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื, ืืืชื ืื ืฉืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืช ืืืฉืืขื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืงืืง.” ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืืช.
ืืฉืชืจืจื ืฉืชืืงื ืงืฆืจื, ืืื ืขื ื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืขืกืงื, ืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืขืฉืืจ ืกืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื.
ืืฆืืชื ืืืืช ืืขืฉืืจ ืฉืื ืื ื ืืจื”ื ืจืื ืืฆืืง ืฉืืื”ื: “ืืื, ืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืืช?”
ืขื ื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื: “ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื? ืื ื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืชืืจื! ืขืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืื.”
ืืืื ืืชืืืฅ ืืืชื ืขืฉืืจ ืืืจืื ืืช ืชืจืืืชื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืจืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืืื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืชืืจืืข
ืงืจืืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืง
ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื. ืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืงืืื, ืืข’ ืืคื’ ืจ”ื ื”ืจ ืืงืจ ืืืจืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืขื’ ืก”ื ืขื ืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืืงืื ื ืืืืงื ืืืืชืื ื ืงืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื”ื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืงืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื, ืจ”ื ืฉืื ืจืฆื ืืงืจืื ืื ืฉื ืขื ืขืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืงืืื ืืืืืชื ืืืืืืช (ืืฆืืื ื ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืืืืงืื ื ืืจืืฉืืช ื”ื ื’) ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืงืจื ืืืจืื ืื ื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจื ืืืจ ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืฉืจื ืื ื ืงืจืืช ืฉืจื ืืืขืงื ืืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืื ืืงื”ื ืื ืืงืจื ืขืื ืฉืื ืืขืงื ืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืงืจื ืขืื ืฉืื ืืขืงื, ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืจื ืืื ืงืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืจื ืืืื ืขืงืจ ืืืชื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขืงื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืืขืงื ืืื’ ืขื”ื.
ืืืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืื “ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืฉืจืื” ืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืชืืืื ืงืืื ืืช ืืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืื ืงืืื ืืช ืฉืื ืื “ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืฉืจืื” ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืชืงืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืื ืืืจ ืืืืื.
ืืข’ ืืืืื ื ืืฉ”ืก ืืืืื ื’ ืืฉื ืจืฉื”ื ื”ื ื’ ืื ืงืจืืืช ืืฉื ืืืจื ืขื ืืงืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืชืคืกื ืืื ืจืืื ืืงืจืืช ืฉื ืืข”ื ืฉื ืจืฉืขืื ืืจืงื ืืืืืคื ืื ืชืชื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื’ ืื ืืฉื. ืืข’ ืืกื”ืค ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืชืื ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืืฉ ืืื’ ืืื ืืืืื, ืืืกื”ืค ื ื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืืงืจื ืืช ืฉืื ืืื’, ืืข’ ืฉื”ืช ืืจืฉื”ื ื”ื ื’ ืื ”ื ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฆืื ืงืจืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืงืืื ืืืชืื ืื ืชืชื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืชื ืื ืืฉื. ืืข”ืฉ ืขืื ืืื”ื ืืชืื ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ืฉืช, ืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืงืื ืืืื. ืื ืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืจื ืจ”ื ื”ืจ ืืงืจ ืื ”ื.
ืืข’ ืืืจื”ื ืืืกืงืื ืฉืืชื ืืืงืืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืฉื ืจืง ืืืจ ืืฆืื.
ืืข’ ืก’ ืืจื ืฉืืื, ืืืืจื”ืง ืฉืืื”ื ืขื’ ืค”ื ืฉืื ืืงืจื ืืคื ื ืืืืื, ืืืงืฉื ืืืืชืื ืืืงืจืย ืืืจืื ืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืื”ื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืืจืื. ืืข’ ืจื”ื ืคื”ื ืกืงื”ื.
ืืืฆื ืฉื ื ืข’ย ืืืช ืืืขืงื ืืจ’ ืืขืงื ืืฆ”ื ืฉื’ ืืืจ ืื ืืงืจืืช ืฉืื ืืืจืื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืื, ืืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื.
ืืข’ ืื”ื ืืก’ ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืขื’ ื”ื ืืืืชืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืื “ืฉืื ืช” ืืืื ืืืื”ื ืฉืืื ืช, ืืื ืืื ืจ”ืช ืชื ืฉื. ืืข’ ืืืจื ืืฆืื ืื”ื ืงื”ื ืืืืืขืื ืฉื”ื ืืืืื ืืื.
ืืข’ ืก’ ืืืจืืช ืขื’ ืจืค”ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจ’ ืืขืงื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืงืืจื ืขื ืืืืื, ืืืชื ืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืจืื ืฉื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉื. (ืืืขืื ืื ”ื ืข’ ืืก”ื ืืขืื ื’ ืกืืฃ ื ืืจ ื ”ื ืื ืื ืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืืื ื”ื ืฉืชืืื ืขืืื ืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืืืจ ืืืืื ืชืืื ืขืืื ืกืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืฉื ืืื ืืฉืจืื. ืื”ื ืืคืจืงื ืืจ”ื ืคื”ื ืืืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืชื ืื’ ืืืื ืืงืจืื ืื ืืงืืชืืื, ืืข’ ืืฆื ืืืืื ื”ื ื’).
ืืข’ ืจืื”ื ืฉืืืช ื’ ื’ ืฉืื ื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืขืืจ ืขื ืค’ ืืชืจื ืื ืื ืงืจืื ืื ืฉื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืื ืื ื ืคืืฉ ืขื ืืืืื. (ืืืฉืืข ืืคืฉืื ืฉืื ืงืจืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื).
ืืืชืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืื”ื ืฉืจื ืืืชืื ืืชืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื, ืข”ืฉ ืืื ืืขืืื. (ืืข’ ืืื ื ืืฉืคื ื”ื ืงืฆ”ื ืืกืืคื ืฉืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืืืจืืช, ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืงืคืืื ืฉืื ืืงืจืืช ืืชืื ืืง ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืขืชืืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืื. ืืข”ืฉ ืฉืืฉืื ืจ’ ืฉืจืื ืืฉืื ืขืื ืืจืข).
ืืข’ ืืื ืฉืืื ืขืจื ืจืืื ืค’ ืืืจื ื”ื ืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื, ื ืืชื ืฉื ืืืืฉ ืื ื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืื ืฉืื. ืืืื ืืืจืื ืงืจื ืืืฆืืง ืขืื ืืคื ื ืืืจืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉ, ืืืืขืฉื ืื ืืืข ืขื ืงืืื ืืฅ. ืืืืืข ืขื ืจ’ ืคืื ืืก ืฉืจืืืืจ ืืฆ”ื ืฉืืืื ื ืชื ืฉื ืฆืื ืืืืื ืืจืืกืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืื”ื ืืืืจ ืืืจื”ื ืืืืกืืฃ ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืื, ืื ืงืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืื ืฆืื. (ืืืืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืื ืืช).
ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืืจื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโl
ืกืคืจ ืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืคืจ ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื – ืืกืื ืืืืื ื, ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืืื “ืืืขื ืชืืืืจ ืืช ืืื ืฆืืชื ืืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืื” (ืืืจืื ืื,ื) “ืืจืืืช ืืืืืืช” (ืืจืืช ืื,ื). ืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื, ืืชืื ืืชืืจื (ืฉืืืช ื,ืื) “ืื ืื ืื ืืื’ ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืจืื”, ืืืืจ ืจืฉ”ื ‘ืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื’, ืืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืฆื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืฉืงืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืขืืืืช ืคืจื ืขืืืื ืงืฉื. ืืืืจ ืืงื”ื “ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืื’ ืืืืฆืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืืฆืจืื ืชืขืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืื ืขื ืืืจ ืืื” ืืืืจ ืจืฉ”ื ‘ืฉืชืงืืื ืืชืืจื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืืช ืืืฉืจืื’. ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืื ืืจื ืืจืืจ, ืขืฆื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืืงื”ื ืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืจืง ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืขืืื ื ืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืชืืจื – ืืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืงืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืื ืชื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ. ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ‘ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืืจื’ (ืืืง”ืจ ื,ื) ืืชืืจื ืืฉ ืื ืืงืืื – ืืจื ืืจืฅ.
ืืืฉื ื ืืืืืช (ืค”ื ืื”ื) ‘ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืืื ืชืืจื’ ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืจื ืืจืฅ, ืืืืจ ืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืช ‘ืฉืืื ื ื ืฉืืื ืช ืืขืืื ืืืืฃ ืฉืืื ื ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืืืช’. ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืืช ืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืชืฉืืื ืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืชืืืข ืืื ืืืื ืืจืืง, ืืื ืื ืชืฉืืื ืื. ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืงื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืฉื ื ืืกื ืืืจืื (ื’, ืข”ื) ืืื ื ืืช ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืขืืื ืืื, ืืืงื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืจืืขื ืื ื ืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื, ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืงืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ‘ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืืื’ (ืืืืื ืื,ื), ืืื ืืื ืขื ืงื ืื, ืขื ืฉื ืื, ืขื ืขืื ืจืขื, ืืืืช ืจืขืืช. ืืชื ืืชืืจื ื ืงื ืืช ืืืื, ืจืง ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืืช ืืืืืช, ืืื ืืชืจืืง ืื ืืงื ืื, ืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืืงื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืืช ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืขื ืื ื ืื, ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืฉืงืืขื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืช ืืชืขื ืืืืช ืฉื ืขืืื ืืื, ืื ืื ืชืืขืื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื.
ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืชืขืื ืืชืืจื, ืงืจื ืืฉื ื ืืฉืืืฉ ืชืืืืื ืืืืื, ืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืช ืืชืืจื, ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืช ืืชืืจื. ืืืืืจื ืื ืืช ืขื ืืืจืืืช, ืืฉืื ืืืชื ื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืืช, ืื ืืื ืืงืืฉ ืฉื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจื ืื ืฉืืื ืชืืจื ืืฉืจื ืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืจืื, ืืืงื”ื ืืืืจ ืื “ืืืืืจ ืื ืขืืื ืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืชืคืืจ” (ืืฉืขืื ืื,ื), ืื ื ืืชืคืืจ ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืขืื ืืืื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืชืืจืช ื’, ืืงื”ื ื ืชื ืืช ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืื ื”ื ืืื ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืงืืจื ืืฉืื ื ืืฉืืืฉ ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืงืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชื ื ืืืืื ื, ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืจื ืืจืฅ, ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื, ืืืืฉื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ื, ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืจืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืชืืจื (ืืืื ืคื,ื). ืื ืื ืชืืจื ืืืืข ืฉืืืงืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉ ืืขืืืืื, ืื ืื ืคืง”ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืืืช ืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืข ืืชืืื ื, ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื, ืื ืชืืจืช ืืืช ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ื ืืข ืืชืืื ื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืขื ืืืืขืช ืืืืืขืช ืืชืืจื. ืืืื ืืืืกืจ, ืืืืกืจ ืืื ืชืืงืื ืืืืืืช. ืืขื ืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืืื ืชืืื. ืื ืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืชืงืจื ืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ, ืืฉ ืื ืกืืืขืชื ืืฉืืื. ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืชืคืก ืืืื ืจืขื ืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืคืืจ ืืื ื, ืืื ืจืืืฃ ืืืจื ืืืืื, ืืืงื ืื ืฉืืงื ืื ืืื ื ืืจืื – ืืจืงืืื ืืช ืืขืฆืืืช, ืืืชืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืชืืืจ ืขืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื, ืื ืืฉืชืื ืืขืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืื ืื ืืกืืืื ืฉืื, ืืืืจ ืจืื (ืืืื ืขื,ื) ืืื ืืืจืฉ ืชืจืชื ืืืื ื, ืืื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืื.
ืืงื”ื ื ืชื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืื ื ืืจืืงืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืฉื ืืืืจื, ืขืฆืืช ืจืขืืช ืืืืืืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืช. ืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืชืืจื, ืืชืืจื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืชื ืฉืืืช, ืชืืจืช ืืกื, ืืชืืจืช ืืืช. ืชืืจืช ืืกื ืื ืคืกืืง “ืืชืืจืช ืืกื ืขื ืืฉืื ื” (ืืฉืื ืื,ืื).
ืืื’ ืืกืืื (ืื,ื) ืืืืจืช ืื ืื ืชืืจืช ืืกื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืื ืืืืืง ืืฉืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื, ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืืื ืืืกืจ ืืฉื ื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืขืืืชื ืขื ืื ืืขื ืฉืืืืชื ืืืืื, ืื ืื ื ืืชื ืื ืขื ืฆืืืช, ืฉืื ืืขืืื, ืื ื ืื ืืชื ืื. ืื, ืชืืจืช ืืกื, ืจืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืงื”ื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืื ืืืืืื, ืชืืจืช ืืกื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืกื ืืื ืืืื, ืฉืืงื”ื ื ืชื ืื ื, ืืื ืขืืื ืฉื ืขืื ื ืืื ืื ืฉืขืื ืื ืจืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืขืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ืืกื ืื, ืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืกื ืืืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉื ืื ืื ืชืืจื ืฉื ืืกื ืื ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืฉืื. ืื ืื ืืฉืื, ืืงืืื. ืคืฉืื, ืืฉืื ืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืงืืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืชืืื ืขื ืืื ืืชืืจื, ‘ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืชืื ืืืฃ’ ืืื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืชืืื ืข”ื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืงืืื ืืืขืช ืืช ืืืจื, ืชืืจื ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื, ืืืจืืช ืืจื, ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืงืืื ืืขืืื “ืื ืื ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืช ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืฉืืชื” (ืืฉืขืื ืื), ืื ืืขืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืืจ ืืงื”ื ืืชื ืื ืืกื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ื ืจืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืกืืื, ืืืชื ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืงืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืื, ืืชื ืืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืฉืืจืืชื, ืืชื ืฉืืชืฃ ืฉืื – ืื ื ืืจืืชื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืื, ืืชื ืืงืืื ืืืชื, ืืชื ืืงืืื ืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืืช, ืืชืืจื ืฉื ืืชื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉืงืจ, ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืจืช ืืกื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฆื ืืช ืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืขืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืฉื ื ืืฉ ืืื, ืืื ืืฆืืื, ืื ืืฉืื ืืืชื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืฆืืื, ืืฉ ืื ืขืื ืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืงื ื ืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืขื ืชืืื ืืื ื ืคืฉ ืฉืคืื, ืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืื – ืจืื ื ืืืื, ืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื, ืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืฉืืงืืฉ ืืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืคืืจ ืืช ืืงื”ื, ืืืงื”ื ืืืืจ ืื “ืืืืืจ ืื ืขืืื ืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืชืคืืจ” ืื ื ืืชืคืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืชืคืืจ ืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืืืื ืขืืืืื. ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืจืืชื ืืช ืืขืืื, ืฉืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืข”ื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืืจื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืื – ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืืืจื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืื, ืื ืชืืจื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืคืืจ ืืงื”ื ืฉื ืชื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืืช.
ืืื ืื ื”ื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืช, ืื ืืืืจ ืืคื, ืืืืฉื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ื, ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืื ืขืจื, ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืจื ืืจืฅ, ืคืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืจืง ืืื ืื ืืืงืืช ืื ืื ืฉืฉื ืืฉื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืื ืื ืฉืฉื ืืฉื ื ืืืืชืืืืช ืขื ืืืื “ืืฉื ืืืื ืขื ืืืื”, “ืชืืขืืช ื’ ืื ืืื ืื” ืืื ืื ืชืืจื?! ืืงื”ื ืืืืจ ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืช ืฉืื “ืืืจ ื’ ืืื” ืืืจ ืืื, ืืชื ืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืืืขืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืืืืืข ืืืชื ืืืชืขืื ืื, ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืฆืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืขืืฉืจ ืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืฉืืชื ืชืฉืื ืืืชื ืข”ื ืืชืืจื, ืืชื ืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืชืจ ืืชืืจื ืืืืชืืจ ืืช ืขืฆืื, ืืชื ืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืชืจ ืืชืืจื ืืฉืืืื, ืืชื ืืืืช. ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืืืฉื ื ืืื ื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืจืืขื ืืืืืืืช. ืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืกื ืืื ืืืช ืื ืืืืช ืืืืืช, ืจืง ืงื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืืจ ืขื ืื ืื ืชืืืืช, ืื ืืืื ืืช ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืื ืฆืื.
ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืื ืื ‘ืื ืชืงืจื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื’ (ืืจืืืช ืกื,ื) ืื ืืื ืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืขื ืื ืืขื ืฉืืื, ืขื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืชืืจื “ืืจืืื ืืจืื ื ืขื ืืื ื ืชืืืืชืื ืฉืืื” ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืชืืจื ืื ืืจืง ืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชื ื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืขื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืื. ืืชืืจื ืื ื ืืชื ื ืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืื, ืื ืชืืจื ืื ืจืง ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืืชื ืช ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืช, ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืื ืืืชืจ ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืจืฅ, ืืชืืจื ืืขืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืช ืืฉืืจืฉ, ืงืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืขืืช ืฉื ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืืืฉืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืงืื ื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืชืืจื ืืขืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืขืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืขื ืื ืฆืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืงืืช ืืงื”ื. ืื ืืืื ืฉื ‘ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืืจื’.
ืืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ื ืืืขืช ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืื, ืืชืืจื ืฆืจืืื ืืงืืื ืืืืงืืื ืืื ืจืง ืข”ื ืืืืื ืืืืกืจ, ืืจืื ืืืกืจ, ืืจืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืช ืืืฆื”ืจ ืฉืืืืืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืืืืช ืจืขืืช ืืื ืงื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืืื – ืื ืืืืืช ืืจืขืืช, ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืจืืฉ ืื ืืืืืช ืืจืขืืช, ืืืชืืื ืืืคื ืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืงื ืื ืืขืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืืฆืืืชื, ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื, ืืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืื ื ืชืืื ืชืืจืช ืืกื ืืชืืจืช ืืืช, ืืื ืืงื”ื ืืืื ืื ื ืื ื, ืืืืืจ ืื ืขืืื ืืชื, ืืชื ืขืื ืฉืื ืืชื ืื ืฉืื, ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืชืคืืจ. ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื “ืืืขืช ืืืื ืืืืกืจ” – ืชืืจื ืืชืืงืื ืืืืืช, ืื ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืืจื.
ืืชืื ืงืืืฅ ืืืื ืฉื ืชืืจื – ืขื”ืก ืืชืืืืช
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Shmuel Wolman Shlita
The Peddlerโs Potion
Parashas Tazria-Metzora
Harav Hagaon Shmuel Wolman shlita
The midrash in Parashas Metzora depicts a scene with a peddler and R’ Yanai. A traveling peddler announced that he was in possession of a life-giving potion, and everyone scrambled to buy it. R’ Yanai, who was learning Torah nearby, overheard the announcement and asked the peddler to come sell him some of his potion. But the peddler balked at the request, saying that this potion is not meant for someone like R’ Yanai. โYou donโt need it,โ he told him. R’ Yanai convinced him to sell him his potion nonetheless, and the peddler divulges that the โpotionโ is shemiras halashon, about which the passuk says: ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื… ื ึฐืฆึนืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนื ึฐืึธ ืึตืจึธืข. R’ Yanai added that thereโs another passuk in Mishlei that conveys the same message: ืฉืึนืึตืจ ืคึผึดืื ืึผืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึน ืฉืึนืึตืจ ืึดืฆึผึธืจืึนืช ื ึทืคึฐืฉืืึน, and then he proclaimed, โI was familiar with this passuk all my life, but I never fully appreciated its message until this peddler came and announced it.โ
Elsewhere, Chazal say that R’ Yanai actually compensated this peddler for illuminating to him the true meaning of this passuk.
This is a famous midrash, but a very perplexing one as well.
What did R’ Yanai not understand about the passuk of ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื? Isnโt the simple meaning of the passuk self-explanatory? What was he missing? And even if there was some deep, mystical meaning to this passuk, the peddler certainly did not provide it! All he did was point to an explicit passuk in Tehillim, ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื; the midrash does not record any added elucidation that he provided. Why, then, was R’ Yanai so moved by the peddlerโs rendition of this well-known passuk, to the point that he needed to show his appreciation with financial compensation?
The meforshei hamidrash offer various approaches to understanding this, but I would like to focus on an aspect of this midrash that can perhaps help us carve out a derech haโavodah in in these very turbulent times.
First, Iโd like to pose another few questions regarding this midrash. What did the peddler mean when he said that R’ Yanai doesnโt need this potion? Is there anyone who doesnโt need, or desire, a potion for life? Is there anyone who is above the call of ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื? So why did he initially balk at R’ Yanaiโs request to buy this magical potion?
Furthermore, we can understand why everyone came running to buy the peddlerโs wares, thinking that he had a magical potion that was the answer to the worldโs quest for good health and longevity, but wouldnโt we expect that when he finally revealed that his potion was simply a passuk that provided a spiritual cure called shemiras halashon, everyone would have started yelling that itโs a scam? Yet quite the contrary, it seems that the peddler was lauded and appreciated to the point that R’ Yanai felt that he had received a new lease on life with his newfound understanding of the passuk.
Finally, isnโt the job of a peddler to sell odds and ends and provide practical solutions for everyday life? It seems strange that a peddler would cross into new territory and become a baal mussar, offering spiritual advice and segulos for arichus yamim. Isnโt that beyond his range of expertise?
Unmasking the Peddler
To address these questions, I would like to reference a similar Gemara in Avodah Zarah (19b). The Gemara relates that R’ Alexandri announced, โWho wants life?โ and when people eagerly crowded around him, he told them the same passuk of ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื. This story seems almost identical to the midrash about the peddler and R’ Yanai. Indeed, the Sefer Haโakeidah, as well as the Hagaโos Radal and the Derashos Chasam Sofer, all posit that the peddler in the midrash was actually R’ Alexandri. Itโs the same story.
This is, of course, a tremendous chiddush, one that gives rise to an obvious question: If the peddler was none other than the holy R’ Alexandri, why did the midrash conceal his identity and refer to him as a lowly peddler?
Perhaps we could suggest that it was specifically the role of the peddler that made such an impression on R’ Yanai. What struck him was not that R’ Alexandri was saying a new pshat in a passuk and offering a new segulah or zechus for arichus yamim through shemiras halashon, but rather that he was in peddler mode, dispensing practical advice and selling the newest way to enrich Olam Hazeh with the true, meaningful life achieved through ื ึฐืฆึนืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนื ึฐืึธ ืึตืจึธืข. Accordingly, we could say that the chiddush was not what was said, but rather who said it and how it was said.
True, the peddler did not offer any new explanation of the passuk; he simply opened a Tehillim and pointed to the words. But what was so transformative was that it was a peddler selling this passuk. Hearing the peddler harking his unconventional wares, R’ Yanai suddenly began to see a whole new dimension to this passuk. The prescription of shemiras halashon was not a holy segulah for arichus yamim coming from the mouth of a rosh yeshiva โ rather, it was a practical remedy being hawked by a simple peddler. And that gave R’ Yanai a brand-new perspective on this passuk: Itโs not a segulah, but the simple reality that a life without lashon hara and hotzaโas shem ra is a different Olam Hazeh! This is a true potion for life, something fit for a peddler to sell.
We can now understand the depth of R’ Yanaiโs response: ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืงืืจื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืื ืคืฉืื ืขื ืฉืื ืจืืื ืื. He always knew the passuk, but he never realized that itโs a simple cause-and-effect until the peddler came and announced that this is the true recipe for life.
Accordingly, we understand that although the true identity of this peddler was the holy R’ Alexandri, the midrash deliberately refers to him as a peddler, because the entire chiddush was that his advice was presented as a simple peddlerโs wares. True, it might be inappropriate for a simple peddler to propose segulos and offer a pshat in a passuk, but that was the whole point โ he wasnโt selling a segulah, but rather offering the simple advice ofืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื, that a truly happy life is acquired through shemiras halashon. Therefore, when he finally divulged the nature of his wares, no one complained that it was a scam, because they realized that the passuk is referring to something very real and practical.
A Potion called Positivity
With this in mind, let us try to understand the true depth of this lesson that the peddler taught, regarding the beauty and rich life that shemiras halashon provides.
I think we need to try to isolate the root of the tendency to speak lashon hara. The meforshim have taught us that the root of it all is the middah of negativity โ seeing things in a negative light, being pessimistic and overly judgmental, and behaving arrogantly. The tendency to put others down is an effort to artificially pump up our own self-confidence, which fuels the never-ending quest for the elusive, positive feeling of inner satisfaction. This is the revolutionary chiddush of the peddler: that besides the zechus of being careful with shemiras halashon, thereโs a completely different dimension to the concept of ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื… ื ึฐืฆึนืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนื ึฐืึธ ืึตืจึธืข: it tells us how to achieve true life and arichus yamim with a positive perspective that allows for healthy interactions and relationships.
If we recognize that the peddler was not selling the latest segulah, but rather a prescription for a positive, meaningful life, we can understand why R’ Alexandri initially responded to R’ Yanai that people like him do not need these remedies. R’ Alexandri understood very well that talmidei chachamim donโt need advice for a positive, meaningful life, as they have Torah and dveikus in the Borei Olam, which affords the greatest opportunity for a rich and positive life. Obviously, a talmid chacham needs to be careful with hilchos lashon hara, and will benefit from the great zechus of keeping these halachos, but the peddlerโs practical chiddush regarding the life-giving nature of shemiras halashon wasnโt so life-altering for a talmid chacham who has the constant connection that Torah provides.
Perhaps we can suggest a new insight into how appropriate it was that a peddler was the one delivering this advice. We know that the Torah says: ืึนื ืชึตืึตืึฐ ืจึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืขึทืึผึถืืึธ, and the Rishonim explain that the Torah considers a peddler โ a rocheil โ the quintessential embodiment of a lashon hara prattler, who goes from town to town spreading negativity. Yet here comes R’ Alexandri, in his role as a peddler, hawking the newest remedy for the good life: โDonโt be a peddler!โ This wasnโt a mussar shmuess, but the ultimate advice of the peddler himself, selling his newfound potion: ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื. If you want a real, rich, meaningful, positive life, he was declaring, then ื ึฐืฆึนืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนื ึฐืึธ ืึตืจึธืข โ donโt ruin your life with negativity.
In times like these, when the world is justifiably fixated on staying healthy, we are all subconsciously waiting for a peddler to come to town, knock on our door and โ from a distance, of course โ call out the question of ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื. The answer will be that besides the segulah of every machsom lefi, the positivity that leads to shemiras halashon will help us deal with this nisayon on a very practical level. It will improve our relationships both with those with whom we are sharing close quarters as well as with those whose company we pine for, and, most importantly, it will afford us the opportunity to appreciate and enjoy life at a whole new level.
As we try our best to deal with this enormous nisayon, may the Eibishter give us the strength to internalize the peddlerโs sage advice: ืึดื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืึธืคึตืฅ ืึทืึผึดืื… ื ึฐืฆึนืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนื ึฐืึธ ืึตืจึธืข.
Gut Shabbos.