Shmos

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

ื•ื™ืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื“ืข ืืœืงื™ื

ื›ืฉื ืชื’ืœื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืกื ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื’, ื–) “ืจืื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืขื ื™ ืขืžื™ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืืช ืฆืขืงืชื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืคื ื™ ื ื•ื’ืฉื™ื• ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ืžื›ืื•ื‘ื™ื•”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ืžื›ืื•ื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื, “ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืžืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืื–ืžืœ”, ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื›ืื•ื‘ื™ื”ื.

ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ื””ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ืื‘ ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืื•ืžืจ, ื ืคืœื ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ื•, ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ืžืขืœืชื• ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืจื“ ืžืžื“ืจื’ืชื• ื•ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ื•.

ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื›ืคื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื”ืจืื•ื™, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ื• ืื• ืฉืžื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื—ืก ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช “ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ืžื›ืื•ื‘ื™ื•”. ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื›”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืžืช”, ื–ื” ื›ืื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื—ืก ืขืœื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื”ื’ืจื—ื™”ืœ ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ

ื™”ื˜ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืจืฆ”ื

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ, ื ื›ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื””ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ, ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื’ื™ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉื ืช ืชืจืž”ื“. ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจื ”ื˜, ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื”ื’ืจื—”ืœ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, ื”ืชืžื ื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื• ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื—ืœืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืงืฉื” ื‘ื” ืœืงื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ื˜ืœื” ืืช ืžืื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืžืกืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉ”ืก ื•ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื•, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจืก”ื• ื ืืœืฅ ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื ืกืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืชื• ื”ืงืฉื”.

ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืงืฆืจื” ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื• ื”ืจื””ื’ ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื–ื ืฉื˜ื˜ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื• ‘ื“ื•ืจ ืจื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืกื•ืคืจื™ื•’:

ื”ืจื‘ ืจ’ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกืงื™ ืจ”ืž ื‘ืžื™ืจื.

ื ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื–ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื’’ ืขืจื‘ ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืจื˜ืดื•. ืžื ืขืจื•ืชื• ื ืชื—ื ืš ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ื™ ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจืณ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ ื”ืจืดืž, ืืฉืจ ื ื”ืœื”ื• ืขืดืค ื“ืจื›ื• ื•ื™ืกืœื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ื• ื“ืจืš ืกืœื•ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื• ืœื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืœืคืœื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื”ื•ื“ืจื™ื ื”ืขืงืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช, ื‘ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื‘ืจื ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ืœื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืชืชื ืข”ืค ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ืฆืจื•ืคื”. ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจืžืดื“, ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืจืดืž ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ื™ื—ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืฃ ืœืงื—ื• ื”ื–ืš ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื•ืžื ื™ ืื– ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืจืชื• ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืจืื” ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”.

(ืืžืจ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ: ืœืขื•ื ื’ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื ืขืœื”, ื•ืœืžืฉื•ืฉ ื ืคืฉ ื•ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื ื”ื“ืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืงื•ืจื™ ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ืชืจื ืดื— ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื”ืจืดื ื”ืจืดืž, ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืœืคื ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ ื—ืžื“ ืžืกืชื•ืคืคื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื ื•ื”ื ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืœืชืœืคื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืงื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืžื” ื•ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ ืชื•ืฉื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช, ื•ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื ืชื ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉืง ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื‘.

ื•ืื‘ืจืš ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื”ื ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืืžืจืชื™: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ืชื!)

ื“ื•ืจ ืจื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืกื•ืคืจื™ื•, ืื•ืช ื˜’ ืขืž’ 21

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita

ืฉืžื•ืช

ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ืฉืจืจื”

ื‘ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืง”ื‘ ืข”ื‘ ืืžืจ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžืฉื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื• ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืืœ ืชืงืจื‘ ื”ืœื•ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื ืืœื ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื’ ืžื™ ืื ื›ื™ ื”’ ืืœืงื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืชื ื™ ืขื“ ื”ืœื•ื. ืžืชื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื ืจ’ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื™ื‘ืžื” ืžืœืš. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืœื• ื•ืœื–ืจืขื• ืงืืžืจ.

ื•ืข’ ืฉื•”ืช ื—”ืก ืฉื”ืง’ ื“ืืฃ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ื”’ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืจืฉื• ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืื‘ืœ ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื•ืืžืื™ ืœื ื™ืจืฉื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื”. ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื–ื” ื”ื—”ืก ื“ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืืœื ื‘ืžื ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืœืžื ืื‘ืœ ืžื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ื””ื’. ื•ื›ืžื•”ื› ืจืืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื™ืจื•ืฉื”.

ื•ืœื›ื’ ืงืฉื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื—”ืก ืžืจืฉ”ื™ ื•ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืค’ ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืก”ื“ ืขื””ืค ืงื— ืืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ื–”ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื™ื—ื•ืžื™ื, ืืžื•ืจ ืœื• ืืฉืจื™ืš ืฉืชืจืื” ื›ืชืจืš ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ืš ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื™ ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื›ืš ืขื›”ืœ. ื•ืงืฉื” ื“ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืžืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื• ืฉื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื™ืจืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ื—”ืก ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื ื—ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืœืื”ืจืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื”ืฉ ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—”ืก ื“ืฉื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืขืœืžื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”’ ืืžืจ ืœื• ืืœ ืชืงืจื‘ ื”ืœื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ืจืฉื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื ื—ืžื” ืœืื”ืจืŸ. ื•ืž”ืž ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืฉื” ืฉืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื˜ืขื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—”ืก ื“ืคืจืฉืช ืืœ ืชืงืจื‘ ื”ืœื•ื ืœื ืื™ื™ืจื™ ืืœื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืืจ ืžื ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”. ื•ืกืžืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžืฉื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืืœื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืืžืื™ ื“ื•ืงื ืื– ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืกื ื” ืฉืืœ ื›ืŸ ื•ืื– ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”’ ืืœ ืชืงืจื‘ ื”ืœื•ื. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžื”ืจื™”ืœ ื“ื™ืกืงื™ืŸ ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ื”’ ืฉืœ ื ืขืœื™ืš ืžืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ืš ื•ืžืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื (ื•ืขื“ ืฉื’ืืœ ื‘ื ”ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื– ื’ื‘ื•ืจ) ื•ืงืฉื” ืœื™ืงื— ื ืขืœื• ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืจื’ืœ ื’ ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื›”ื“, ื•ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื™ืฉื‘ ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœื ืœืžืœื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืฉื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžืœื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ (ื•ืขืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืืœื ืœืžืœื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืžื”ื ”ืœ) ื•ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื™ืฉื‘. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื• ืœื ื™ื™ืจืฉื• ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื› ืื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืข”ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื™ืฉื‘ ืฉื. (ื•ืข”ืข ืžืฉืืช ื”ืžืœืš ืขื””ืช). ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœื ืื™ื™ืจื™ ืืœื ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืฉืืจ ืžื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื ืืœื ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ื—”ืก ืืžืื™ ืœื ื™ืจืฉื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืืจ ืžื ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”.

ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืžื•ื“ื” ื’ื ืื‘ื ื™ ื ื–ืจ ื™ื•”ื“ ืฉื™”ื‘, ืืœื ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื“ืืฃ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ื›ื””ื’, ืž”ืž ืื ื‘ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ื›ืฉืืจ ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ื•. ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืฉ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘”ืจ ื›”ื ื™”ื“ ืฉื”’ ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืกื™ื“ืจ ื”ืกืคืกืœื™ื, ื•ืœื›ื’ ืœืคื™ ื”ื—”ืก ืžื” ื ืคืฉืš, ืžืฆื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจ ื”’ ืืœ ืชืงืจื‘, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืจืืฉ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื›ืœืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ืื‘ื ื™ ื ื–ืจ ื”ืฉ.

ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื

ืคืดื‘ ืคืก’ ื™ืดื “ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื•ื™ื’ื“ืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื™ืฆื ืืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื•ื™ืจื ื‘ืกื‘ืœื•ืชื ื•ื™ืจื ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆืจื™ ืžื›ื” ืื™ืฉ ืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืื—ื™ื•, ื•ื™ืคืŸ ื›ื” ื•ื›ื” ื•ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื•ื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ื•ื™ื˜ืžื ื”ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœ”. ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™: ืžื›ื” ืื™ืฉ ืขื‘ืจื™- ืžืœืงื”ื• ื•ืจื•ื“ื”ื• ื•ื‘ืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื ืขืœ ืืฉืชื• ื›ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœื”, ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื›ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืฆืจื™ ืฉื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื”ื• ื•ืจื•ื“ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.

ื•ื‘ื“ืดื” ื•ื™ืคืŸ ื›ื” ื•ื›ื”- ืจืื” ืžื” ืขืฉื” ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื” ืขืฉื” ืœื• ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ- ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื• ืฉื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ. ื•ืฆืดื‘, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืงืณ ื‘ืฉืคืดื—, ื“ื‘ืคืจืณ ืืžื•ืจ (ืคื›ืดื“) “ื•ื™ืฆื ื‘ืŸ ืืฉื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆืจื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ืณืณื™ ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ื™ืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืฉื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ืฉื ืืžื• ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืœืžื˜ื” ื“ืŸ”, ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™: ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆืจื™- ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ืฉื”ืจื’ื• ืžืฉื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ืดื™, ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืžืฆืจื™ ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื™ ืžื’ื“ืฃ ื“ื›ืชื™ืณ ื‘ืคืจืณ ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ืจืฉืดื™ ื›ืณ ืฉื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ, ื•ืฆืดื‘ ื“ืจืฉืดื™ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืณ ื“ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื• ืฉื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ?

ื•ื‘ืฉืคืดื— ืชื™ืณ: ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืจื’ ืžืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžืžื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืฆืืช ืขื•ื“ ืžืžื ื• ืื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ. ื•ื‘ืฉืคืณืณื— ื‘ืค’ ืืžื•ืจ ืชื™ืณ ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืกืณ: ื“ืงื•ื“ื ืžืณืณืช ื”ื•ื•ืœื“ ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ืื‘, ื•ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ, ืขืดืฉ.

ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ืดืข (ืคืกืณ ื™ืดื‘): ื•ืื™ืกืชื›ืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื“ืขืชื™ื” ื•ืืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจ ื•ื“ืจ ื•ื”ื ืœื ืงืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืจืื™ ื’ื‘ืจ ื’ื™ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ื“ืขื‘ื™ื“ ืชืชื•ื‘ื ืžืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขื“ ืขืœืžื ื•ื›ื•’.

ื•ื‘ืคืจืณ ืืžื•ืจ ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ืดืข: ื’ื‘ืจื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื ืžืจื•ื“ ื‘ืืœื”ื ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืณ, ื•ื›ื“ ื”ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื ื‘ืขื ืœืžืคืจื•ืก ืžืฉื›ื ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื• ืฉื‘ื˜ื ื“ื‘ื ื™ ื“ืŸ ื•ืœื ืฉื‘ืงื•ื” ืžืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ื˜ื™ื›ืกื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื›ืกื™ื” ื‘ืืชื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืื‘ื”ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’. ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื“ืจืื” ืžืฉื” ื‘ืณ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื• ื’ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืจืฆื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืฃ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืืžื• ื•ืœื ืจืฆื• ืฉื‘ื˜ ื“ืŸ ืœืชืช ืœื•, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื“ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื ื•ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืฆืจื™, ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืืฆืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื™ืฆื ืžื‘ืดื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื™ืฆื ื•ื’ื“ืฃ. ื•ื›ื“ืื™ืณ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื‘ืกืชืจ ืกื•ืคื• ืœื™ืคืจืข ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™.

ื•ืœืคื™ืดื– ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืืฃ ืื ื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ืœื ืขืฉื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื›ืœ ื’ื™ื•ืจื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ืœืง ื‘ื“ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ื“ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื ืงื‘ืœ ื•ื™ืฆื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื‘ืดื“ ื™ืฆื ื•ื’ื™ื“ืฃ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื• ืœื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ื›ืžืฉืดื› ื“ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืœ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืกืชืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืœ ื‘ืกืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืฉื” ื”ืจื’ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื•, ืœื›ืš ื ืคืจืขื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™. ื•ืœืคื™ืดื– ืจืื” ืžืฉื” ืฉืœื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื• ืื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ื•ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื“ื”ื ืื™ื”ื• ืœื ื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื ืกืงืœ ืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื™ื“ืฃ ื•ืืณืณื ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื’ืจ ื”ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื™ืœืœ ื”ืณ ื•ื’ื™ื“ืฃ.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืžื“ืดืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืณ ื›”ื—) ืื™ืชื: ื‘ืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื“ืชืŸ ื”ื•ื™, ื•ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ืดืฉ (ืกื•ืฃ ืงืกืดื•) ืื™ืชื: ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื•, ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื‘ื ืืœ ืืฉืชื• ืื—ืจื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื˜ืžืื”, ื•ืชืœืš ื”ืืฉื” ื•ืชื’ื“ ืœืื—ื™ื” ื•ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืื—ื™ ื”ืืฉื” ืœื”ืจื’ื• ื•ื™ื ืก ืืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื™ืžืœื˜, ื•ืขื™ืดืฉ. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœื‘ืณ ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื ืืœื• ื“ื“ืชืŸ ืจืฆื” ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืฉืชื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืดืจ ืฉื: ื•ื”ื ื” ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื ืฆื™ื- ื–ื” ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื, ื•ืจืฆื” ื“ืชืŸ ืœื”ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ืžืฉื” ืจืฉืข ืœืžื” ืชื›ื” ืจืขืš, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื“ืชืŸ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ืดืฉ ืฉื.

ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืชื ืฉื: ืื›ืŸ ื ื•ื“ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจ- ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ืžื”ืจื”ืจ ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืœืฉืขื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืื• ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ื• ื“ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ืืžืจื• ืœืคืจืขื” ืžื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื•ืคื™ืจื ืฉืœืš ื•ืขืœ ืขื˜ืจื” ืฉืœืš, ืืดืœ ื™ืขืจื‘ ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ื ืื™ื, ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื•ืจื’ื•. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื: ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืœืฉื”ืดืจ, ืื™ืœื•ืœื™ ืืœื• ืจืฉืขื™ื ืœื ื™ืฆื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื•, ื“ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ืจื, ื•ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉืขื™ื ืชืœื”, ื”ื ืฉืืžืจื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจื• ื ืชื ื” ืจืืฉ ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ืขื ืงืจื—.

ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื‘ืดืข ืคืจืณ ืงืจื— (ืคื˜ืดื– ืคื›ืดื•): ื•ืžืœื™ืœ ืœื›ื ืฉืชื ืœืžื™ืžืจ ื–ื•ืจื• ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืขืœื•ื™ ืžืฉื›ื ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืงื˜ื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื˜ืœื™ื•ืชื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ืคืจืกื™ืžื• ืžืกื˜ืจื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืœื™ ื›ื“ ืงื˜ืœื™ืช ื™ืช ืžืฆืจืื™ ื•ื›ื•’, ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื“ืืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืžื™ืชื” ืขืœ ืœื”ืดืจ ื–ื” ื›ืฉื’ื™ืœื• ื–ืืช ืœืคืจืขื”.

ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžืฉื•ื ืœื”ืดืจ ื–ื” ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืžื™ืชื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื–ื” ื”ืจื”ืจ ืžืฉื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ืดืฉ. ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื, ื“ืœืคืžืฉืดื› ืœืขื™ืœ ื“ืžืฉื” ื”ืจื’ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื“ืชืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื”ื›ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื”ื›ืืช ื“ืชืŸ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ืœืžื” ืชื›ื” ืจืขืš, ื•ืขื›ืดื– ื”ืœื›ื• ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ืดืจ ืœืคืจืขื” ืขืœ ืžืฉื”. ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื•, ื“ื‘ืœื”ืดืจ ืฉืœื”ื ืžืกืจื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืœืš ื•ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื ื”ืจื™ื’ื”, ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืชื” ืืฃ ื›ืฉืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืžื™ืชื”, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื‘ื—ื•ืดืž ืกื™ืณ ืฉืคืดื—, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื ืžืฉื” ืฉืœื ืจืง ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื”ืจื’ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ ื•ืขืœ ืฉืžื ืข ืžื“ืชืŸ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืื‘ื™ืจื, ืืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ืžืกืจื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืคืจืขื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ื•ืจื’ื•, ื•ืขืดื– ืืžืจ ืœื‘ื ืณืณื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื• ืžื”ื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื, ืฉื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืชื” ื•ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื ื”ื ืฉืœ ื›ืคื•ื™ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื“ื•ืดืง.

 

ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืžื˜ื” ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช

ืคืดื“ ืคืก’ ื›’ “ื•ื™ืงื— ืžืฉื” ืืช ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื•”. ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข: ื•ื ืกื™ื‘ ืžืฉื” ื™ืช ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ื ืกื‘ ืžืŸ ื’ื ื•ื ื™ืชื ื“ื—ืžื•ื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคื™ืจ ื›ื•ืจืกื™ ื™ืงืจื ืžืชืงืœื™ื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืกืื™ืŸ ื•ืขืœื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืง ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉืžื ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ืงื™ืจื ื•ื‘ื™ื” ืืชืขื‘ื™ื“ื• ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”ืณ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”. ื™ืœืดืข ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืช, ืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืณ ืžื˜ื•ืช ืื• ืžื˜ื” ื’? ื“ื”ื ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ืคืกืณ ื™ืดื– ื›ืชื™ื‘ ‘ื•ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื–ื” ืชืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ืืฉืจ ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืืชืช’, ื•ืฆืดื‘ ืžื” ื‘ื ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ืžื™ืœืช ‘ื”ื–ื”’? ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœืดืข ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ‘ืืช ื”ืืชืช’, ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืจืง ืืช ื”ืืชืช ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืœืงืžืŸ ืคืดื– ืคื˜ืดื• ‘ื•ื”ืžื˜ื” ืืฉืจ ื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ ืชืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš’, ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข: ื•ื‘ืจื ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ืื”ืจืŸ ื“ืืชื”ืคื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ื™ ืชื™ืกื‘ ื‘ื™ื“ืš. ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื›ืณ ‘ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจืŸ’ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉื”, ื”ืื ื”ืžื˜ื” ืืฉืจ ื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ‘ื•ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื–ื” ืชืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ืืฉืจ ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืืชืช’? ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœืดืข ื“ื‘ืคืกืณ ื›ืณ ืงืจื™ ืœื™ื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื“ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืžื˜ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื?

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ืคืดื‘ ืคื›ืดื ื‘ืคืกืณ ื•ื™ื•ืืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ื’ื•ืณ- ื•ื›ื“ ื—ื›ื™ื ืจืขื•ืืœ ื“ืขืจืง ืžืฉื” ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ืคืจืขื” ื˜ืœืง ื™ืชื™ื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ืจื” ื‘ืจืชื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื” ืžืคืจื ืกื ื™ืชื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืชืจื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืขืฉืจืชื™ ืฉื ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœืกื•ืฃ ืขืฉืจืชื™ ืฉื ื™ืŸ ืืคืงื™ื” ืžืŸ ื’ื•ื‘ื ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื’ื•ื™ ื’ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชื ื“ืจืขื•ืืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื” ืžื•ื“ื™ ื•ืžืฆืœื™ ืงื“ื ื”ืณ ื“ืขื‘ื“ ืขืžื™ื” ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจืŸ, ื•ืื™ืกืชื›ื™ ื™ืช ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ืื™ืชื‘ืจื™ืืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืฉืžืฉืชื ื•ื—ืงื™ืง ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืขืœื” ืฉืžื ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ืงื™ืจื ื“ื‘ื™ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืžืขื‘ื“ ื™ืช ืชืžื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืžื‘ื–ืข ื™ืช ื™ืžื ื“ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืœื”ื ืคืงื ืžื•ื™ ืžืŸ ื›ื™ืคื, ื•ื”ื•ื” ื“ืขื™ืฅ ื‘ื’ื• ื’ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชื ื•ืžืŸ ื™ื“ ืื•ืฉื™ื˜ ื™ื“ื™ื” ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื›ื™ืŸ ืฆื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืœืžืชื‘ ืขื ื’ื‘ืจื ื•ื™ื”ื‘ ื™ืช ืฆืคื•ืจื ื‘ืจืชื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื” ืœืžืฉื”.

ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื“ืžื˜ื” ื–ื” ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ื™ื”ืดืฉ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ืงื•ืง ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืžื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื•ื‘ื• ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืœืงืจื•ืข ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืกืœืข. ื•ื›ืฉื ื“ืงื“ืง ื ืจืื” ื“ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžืฉืดื› ื‘ืคืดื“ ืคืดื‘ ื“ื”ืชื ื›ืณ ืฉื”ืžื˜ื” ‘ืžืกืคื™ืจ ื›ื•ืจืกื™ ื™ืงืจื’ ืฉืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืกืณ ื–ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื ืฉืžืฉืงืœื• ืžืณ ืกืื”, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื”ืชื ื›ืณ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืขืฉื• ื ื™ืกื™ื ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ื•ืื™ืœื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ืณ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืœื ื›ืณ ื ื™ืกื™ื, ืืœื ื“ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื’ื ื™ืงืจืข ื”ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื™ื ืžื”ืกืœืข. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื›ืืŸ ื›ืณ ืฉืœืงื— ื”ืžื˜ื” ืžื’ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืขื•ืืœ, ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืชืจื• ื›ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืกืณ ื™ืดื— ื›ืชื‘ ‘ื•ืืชื ืœื•ืช ืจืขื•ืืœ ืื‘ื•ื”ื ื“ืื‘ื•ื”ื•ืŸ’, ื•ื”ืชื ื›ืณ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืžื’ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืชืจื• ื—ืžื•ื™. ื”ืจื™ ืžื‘ื•ืณ ืฉื‘ืณ ืžื˜ื•ืช ื”ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ื”ื ื” ื‘ืคืจืณ ื‘ืฉืœื— ืคื™ืดื“ ืคื›ืดื ‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืžืฉื” ืืช ื™ื“ื•’ ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ‘ื•ืืจื›ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื™ืช ื™ื“ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ืžื ื‘ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ืงื™ืจื ื“ืื™ืชื‘ืจื™ ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื—ืงื•ืง ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉืžื ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ืงื™ืจื ื•ืขื™ืฉืจืชื™ ืืชื•ื•ืชื ื“ื™ ืžื—ื ื™ืช ืžืฆืจืื™ ื•ืชืœืช ืื‘ื”ืช ืขืœืžื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืื™ืžื”ืชื ื•ืชืจื™ืกืจ ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื›ื•’, ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื“ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉื›ืณ ื‘ืคืดื‘ ืคื›ืดื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืงืจืข ืืช ื”ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืงื“ืง ืฉื›ืณ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื™ืชื‘ืจื™ ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ื™ื ื›ื“ื›ืณ ืฉื ื“ืืชื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื”ืดืฉ, ืืœื ื“ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžื˜ื” ื’ื ืขืฉืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื•ืœืคื™ืดื– ืฉืคื™ืจ ื™ืดืœ ื“ืžืฉืดื› ื‘ืคืดื“ ืคื™ืดื– ื•ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื–ื” ื•ื›ื•ืณ ืืฉืจ ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืืชืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืดื‘ ืคืดื› ืฉื ื˜ืœ ืžื’ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืขื•ืืœ ืฉื›ืณ ืชื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื“ื™ื™ืงื ื• ื“ื›ืณ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืœื ื›ืณ ื ื™ืกื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืดื› ื‘ืคืดื– ืคื˜ืดื• ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืกื ื” ืฉื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ, ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืื”ืจืŸ ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืขื™ื ื™ ืคืจืขื” [ื•ืืฃ ื“ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืขื™ื ื™ ืคืจืขื” ื ื”ืคืš ืœืชื ื™ืŸ ื•ืชืจื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ืœื—ื™ื•ื™ื ื—ื•ืจืžืŸ, ื•ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœืžืฉื” ื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืืดืœ ื•ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืืฉืจ ื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ ืชืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ื•ืœื ื›ืณ ืœืชื ื™ืŸ, ืžืดืž ื—ื“ ืžื˜ื” ื”ื•ื]. ื•ืœืคื™ืดื– ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืณ ืขืดื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื”ื ื“ื ืฆืคืจื“ืข ื›ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืณ ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื˜ื”ื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืณ ืขืณืณื™ ืžืฉื” ืฉื”ื ื‘ืจื“ ืืจื‘ื” ื—ืฉืš ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื˜ื”ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื ืขืฉื• ื ื™ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืคืชื™ื, ื•ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื™ื ืžื”ืกืœืข ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื›ืžืฉืดื›.

ื•ื‘ืขื–ื”ืดื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืดื— ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ื”ืดืง (ืคืจืณ ื‘ืฉืœื— ืขืžืณ ืžื—.) ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืณ ืžื˜ื•ืช. ื•ื–ืดืœ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืดืง: ื•ืืชื” ื”ืจื ืืช ืžื˜ืš ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ื”ืจื ืืช ืžื˜ืš ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ื ืฉืžื ืงื“ื™ืฉื, ืืจื›ื™ืŸ ื™ื“ืš ื‘ืกื˜ืจื ื“ืฉืžื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื—ืžื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื™ืขืจืงื•ืŸ ืžื ื™ื” ื•ืžืงืžื™ื” ื•ื›ื•ืณ. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื—ืžื™ื ื ื“ื–ืžื ื™ืŸ ืืชืงืจื™ ื”ืื™ ืžื˜ื” ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืœื–ืžื ื™ืŸ ืืชืงืจื™ ืžื˜ื” ื“ืžืฉื”, ืืžืจ ืจืณ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืชืจื™ ื”ื•ื•, ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืื•ืงื™ืžื ื ื‘ืกืคืจื ื“ืจื‘ ื”ืžื ื•ื ื ืกื‘ื ืฉืคื™ืจ ืงืืžืจ ื“ื›ืœื ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืžื ื“ืงื•ื“ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืžื ื“ืžืฉื”, ื•ื”ืื™ ืžื˜ื” ืœืืชืจืขื ืกื˜ืจื ื“ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื›ื•’. ืืžืจ ืจืณ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืœืื™ื ื•ืŸ ื“ืœื ื—ืžืืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืงืืจื™ ืงืžื™ื™ื”ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืžื ื•ืœื ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ืŸ (ืกืดื ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื™ืŸ) ื•ื›ื•ืณ ืขื™ืดืฉ. ื•ืœืคื™ืดื– ื›ืณ ื”ืื•ืดื— ื“ืืžืจ ‘ื”ื–ื”’ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืณ ืžื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจ, ื•ืืžืจ ืดืชืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืšืด ืคื™ืณ ื‘ืชืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืœืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืžื˜ื” ืขื– ืชืคืืจืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืง ืœืฉืจืจื” ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืœืš ื”ืื•ืช ื“ื›ืณ (ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคืกืณ ื›) ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ืืจืฆื” ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื™ืงื— ืžืฉื” ืืช ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืชื›ืฃ ืœื‘ืฉ ื›ืœื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื• ื”ืณ ื•ื›ื•ืณ, ื•ืื•ืžืจื• ืืฉืจ ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืจืžื– ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืณ ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืขืฉื” ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ืฉื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื—ืฉ, ื•ื›ืื•ืžืจื ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืงืจื ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจืŸ, ืฉืฆื•ื” ื’ื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ ืื”ืจืŸ.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืคืจืณ ื‘ืฉืœื— (ืคื™ืดื– ืคืดื”) ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืืžืจ ื”ืณ ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืขื ื•ืงื— ืืชืš ืžื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื˜ืš ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ืช ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืืจ ืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ื•ื”ืœื›ืช. ืžื‘ื•ืณ ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืœืงื—ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉื”ื›ื” ื‘ื• ื”ื™ืื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืคืจืณ ื—ื•ืงืช (ืคืณืณื‘ ืคืณืณื—) ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืงื— ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื•ื”ืงื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื“ื” ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ื•ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ืกื‘ ื™ืช ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ื ื™ืกื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืกืณ ื•ืณ ‘ื•ื™ืงื— ืžืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื”’ ืชืจื’ื ื•ื ืกื™ื‘ ืžืฉื” ื™ืช ื—ื•ื˜ืจ ื ืกื™ื ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”ืณ ื•ื›ื•ืณ. ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœื”ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ืœื•ืง ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืžืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจืŸ, ื“ื‘ืจืคื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื” ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืžื˜ื” ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื” ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืืจ ื•ืืฉืจ ื‘ื• ื ืขืฉื• ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ื” ืฆื™ื•ื” ื”ืณ ืœืžืฉื” ืฉื™ืงื— ืืช ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื” ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื›ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ื•ื“ื•ืดืง.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขืžืœืง (ื‘ืฉืœื— ืคื™ืณืณื– ืคืดื˜) ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™, ื•ืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื‘ืดืข ื•ื—ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ืืชืขื‘ื™ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื” ื ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ืงื“ื ื”ืณ ื‘ื™ื“ื™, ื•ืžื‘ื•ืณ ื“ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขืžืœืง ืœืงื— ืžืฉื” ืืช ืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื” ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื. ื•ื™ืœืดืข ื‘ื›ืดื– ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื. ื•ืื›”ืž.

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Katz, Harav Hagaon Yaakov Moshe Shlita

You Are Precious to Hashem

Parashas Shemos
Harav Hagaon Yaakov Moshe Katz Shlita

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The parashah starts with the words:ื•ึฐืึตืœึผึถื” ืฉืึฐืžื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืึดื™ื ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึฐืžึธื” , and then goes on to count Klal Yisrael. Rashi cites the Midrash Tanchuma, which wonders why the Torah is counting Yaakovโ€™s family again, in their deaths, after having counted them in their lifetimes in the previous parashiyos. The answer given is: ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื—ื‘ืชืŸ ืฉื ืžืฉืœื• ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. When something is valuable to you, you count it.

Why, asks Rav Tzadok, does the Torah teach us this lesson specifically here, at the beginning of Sefer Shemos? He answers that at this point, the galus is beginning, and Klal Yisrael is entering a situation of hester panim and tzaros. From here on, bad things will be happening to the Yidden, who are going to have to work hard and suffer torture at the hands of the Egyptians, who enslaved them and killed their children. When things like that happen, Yidden are liable to feel that Hakadosh Baruch Hu doesnโ€™t love them, chas veshalom. Thatโ€™s why the very first passuk of the account of the galus contains a reminder that Hashem loves us.

Although there are tzaros in the world, and although not everything works out the way we want, thatโ€™s not a sign that Hashem doesnโ€™t love us. Hashem loves each and every one of us, He counts each and every one of the shevatim individually โ€“Reuven, Shimon, Levi โ€“ and each one is precious to Hashem. Yes, thereโ€™s galus, yes, there are tzaros, but Hashem still loves us and has big plans for us. We know that ืœึฐืคื•ึผื ืฆึทืขึฒืจึธื ืึทื’ึฐืจึธื: if weโ€™re able to stand strong, to accept our challenges with love, and serve Hashem despite the tzaros, weโ€™ll be zocheh to tremendous schar.

Thatโ€™s the significance of the mashal to stars: ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื—ื‘ืชืŸ ืฉื ืžืฉืœื• ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. The Sfas Emes explains that the stars appear at night, showing us that even when itโ€™s dark outside, thereโ€™s still light. Similarly, what illuminates the world for a Yid in times of darkness is the knowledge that no matter what goes on, itโ€™s coming from Hashem who loves us, and thereโ€™s a yeshuah behind it. Hashem prepares the refuah before the makkah, so in the midst of the darkness there is already a yeshuah waiting in the wings. Furthermore, we know that all the tzaar that we go through has a purpose, and is for the good.

This belief is what keeps us going through the galus and throughout all the hardships in life. We have to remember that Hashem is always with us, that He always loves us, and that Heโ€™s always there for us and can and will help us. We should never give up hope, and never forget that we are precious and important in the eyes of Hashem.

The list of the shevatim concludes with the words: ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื. Rashi points out that this seems superfluous; we already know where Yosef was. So why does the Torah make a point of mentioning this? Rashi answers:

ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš ืฆื“ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืจื•ืขื” ืืช ืฆืืŸ ืื‘ื™ื•. ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืžืœืš ื•ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“ืงื•.

This is a nice idea, says the Ohr Hachaim, but why does the passuk mention it specifically here?

Perhaps we can suggest that just as the purpose of counting Klal Yisrael was to give us hope and help us get through the galus, as Rav Tzadok explains, so, too, the idea of emphasizing that Yosef was in Mitzrayim gives us hope to go through the galus. We have hardships, yes, but Yosefโ€™s hardships were a lot harder than most of ours: He was taken away from his father and his family and was thrown into Mitzrayim, the bastion of tumah, all by himself โ€“ and even so, he remained the same righteous Yosef who tended to his fatherโ€™s sheep.

Yosef is a lesson to all of us that even in a situation of galus, we, too, can maintain our tzidkus despite all the nisyonos we go through.

So we see that the opening pesukim of this parashah are an introduction to galus, giving us the tools to hold strong and grow and shteig, to do what weโ€™re supposed to do and overcome our nisyonos.

Torah: the Escape from Galus

At the beginning of the parashah the Torah tells us: ืึตืช ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึธืื•ึผ. We already know that Yaakov came down to Mitzrayim with his family, so why does the Torah have to repeat this?

In addition to teaching us how to survive in galus, the Torah is also teaching us how to get out of galus. Yaakov, who is the ื™ืฉืึตื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื, represents connection to Torah. Indeed, Rashi says at the beginning of Parashas Vayechi that as long as Yaakov was alive, the galus of Mitzrayim couldnโ€™t start. Thatโ€™s because Yaakov was the pillar of Torah.

Similarly, when we grasp onto the Torah tightly, that lessens the galus and takes us out of galus. For the same reason, Shevet Levi, who devoted themselves to Torah, were not enslaved in Mitzrayim. They never left the beis midrash, so they werenโ€™t subject to the oppression of the Egyptians.

The Midrash Tanchuma on Parashas Noach says that there will always be two yeshivos that endure throughout all the generations and are not subject to the yoke of the galus, because Hashem watches over them.

We see that the connection to Torah is what takes us out of galus and helps us merit geulah.

There are different levels in this regard. Some peopleโ€™s connection to Torah is all day, and they are therefore completely removed from the ol malchus. But even if youโ€™re not connected to Torah the whole day, whatever connection you do have to Torah brings you geulah and takes you out of galus. The fact that you listen to divrei chizuk every week and learn every week โ€“ that lifts you up and keeps you connected to Hashem, and that in itself gives us the strength to go from galus to geulah, bโ€™ezras Hashem.

The Three Pathways to Geulah

Connection to Torah is actually one of three pathways to geulah. Yaakov Avinuโ€™s brachah to Ephraim and Menashe was: ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ื”ึทื’ึผึนืึตืœ ืึนืชึดื™ ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ืจึธืข ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึผึธืจึตื ื‘ึธื”ึถื ืฉืึฐืžึดื™ ื•ึฐืฉืึตื ืึฒื‘ึนืชึทื™ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง. In this brachah, Yaakov was imparting the key to geulah โ€“ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ื”ึทื’ึผึนืึตืœ ืึนืชึดื™. If you want to be zocheh to geulah from Mitzrayim, he was saying, you should follow in my path and in the paths of Avraham and Yitzchak. The path of Yaakov, as we mentioned, is the connection to Torah.

The path of Yitzchak, we know, was avodah. One of the ways that Klal Yisrael merited the geulah from Mitzrayim was through tefillah, by crying out to Hashem about their unbearable slavery. Every person, in every situation, needs to connect to Hashem in heartfelt tefillah. Thatโ€™s the light that takes us out of the darkness of galus. We have to connect to Hashem through Torah โ€“the path of Yaakov โ€“ and also with ื•ึทืชึผึทืขึทืœ ืฉืึทื•ึฐืขึธืชึธื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื, the path of Yitzchak. Whatever we need help with, we have to cry out to Hashem for it, whether itโ€™s parnassah, nachas from children, health, or anything else. We also have to cry out to Hashem about the galus that weโ€™re in and the tzaros that Klal Yisrael suffer. At least once a day, whether in davening or at another time, we should make a point of connecting to Hashem in this way, and also to thank Him for all that He does for us; that also connects us to Him.

And the third pathway to geulah is that of Avraham Avinu, the pillar of chessed. At the end of the parashah it says that after Moshe Rabbeinu left Pharaohโ€™s palace, the Egyptians started to whip the Yidden even more, and the Yidden who were supervising their brothers absorbed beatings for those Yidden who didnโ€™t produce their full quota of bricks. When Hashem saw how the Yidden cared for one another, to the extent that they were willing to be whipped instead of their brothers, that prompted Him to care for the Yidden as well as take them out of galus.

The same is true when we care for other people. We donโ€™t have to go far to do this. When we care for our wives and children, when we listen to them, when we show them care and concern, when we try to help them with whatever difficulties they are going through, that chessed prompts Hashem to have rachmanus on us as well and care for us and be there for us.

The Gemara (Berachos 8) says:ืืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ื•ืžืชืคืœืœ ืขื ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืœื” ืื ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืคื“ืื ื™ ืœื™ ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื . These three pathways โ€“ which are the middos of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov โ€“ bring the geulah. When we follow in the pathways of the Avos, we cause Hashem to remember His covenant with us, as the passuk says: ื•ึฐื–ึธื›ึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืงื•ึนื‘ ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชึดื™ ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึถื–ึฐื›ึผึนืจ.

Letโ€™s keep in mind how precious we are to Hashem, that Hashem always loves us, and that what can help take us out of our individual and collective galuyos is to connect to Hashem through Torah, through the avodah of heartfelt tefillah and tzeโ€™akah, and through chessed and caring for others.

Hashem should bring geulah and yeshuah to each of us and take Klal Yisrael out of galus bโ€™meheirah.

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