ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Levinshtein, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel ztโl
ืืฉืืืชื ืืคื ื ื’ ืืืงืืื (ืื,ืื)
ืืืจืฉื ืืืืืฉ ืืืื ืคื’ ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ื ืืช ืืืจื ืืืฉื ื “ืื ืชืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืฉืืฉืื ืืช ืืจื ืข”ื ืืงืื ืคืจืก, ืืื ืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืฉืืฉืื ืืช ืืจื ืฉืื ืข”ื ืืงืื ืคืจืก” ืืืืคื ืื: ืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืช ื’ ืข”ื ืืงืื ืคืจืก, ืืืืช ืืขืฆื ืืขืืืื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืืื. ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืกืืืืช, ืืื ืจืง ืืืืืช ืืขื ื ืคืฉ. ืืืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืขืืืืชื ืืช ืืงื”ื ืืื ืืืืืชื ืืืชืขืืืชื ืืฉืืืืืชื, ืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืขืืืืชื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืงืืื ืจืฆืื ื ืฉื ืืงืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืชืจ: ื ืืื ืืขืฆืืื ื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจ”ืข ืืืืจ ืืฆ”ื ืืืืงืฉ ืืืื ืืืชื ื ืฉืืฉืืฉ ืืืชื, ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฉืชืืงืง ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืื, ืืืืื ืงื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืืฅ ืืืืจืื ืืฉืืฉื. ืง”ื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืจืืฉืื ืื, ืืจืื”ืย ืื ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืฉืชืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืืฉื ืืืืชืงืจื ืืืืื. ืืง”ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืฉืชืืงืง ืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื. ืืืืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืข ืืื ืฉืื ืืงืฉืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืื ืจืง ืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืขืชื ืืืงืฉ ืืืืื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื.
ืื ืืื ืืื ืช ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืื”ืช, ืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืฉืืจ ืข”ื, ืืื ืืื ืืฉืชืืงืง ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืชื, ืืืื ืื ืชืขื ืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืงืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืจืฆืื ื ืืช’.
ืืืจื ืืืืื
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืจื ื ืจื”ื ืืจื ืฉืืืื ืืืงืืื ืกืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ื’ ืืืืื ืชืงืฆ”ื
ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืกืงื ืืฆืืื”ื ื ืืื ืืฉื ืช ืชืงื ”ื ืืืืื ืืืืกื ืืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืฉืืืื ืืืงืืื ืกืงื ืืฆืืื”ื.
ืขื ืืชืจืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉื ืช ืชืงืค”ื, ืืฉืืข ืฉื ืื ืืืืจ ืืงืืชื, ืืฉืืก’ ืืชืืืืืื ืื ืขืื ืขื ืืืขืื ืืืื ืืขืฉืจืื, ืจืื ืืืื ืืฆ”ื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืกืืขืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืก ืื ืขืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจ ื ืืืข ืืืจ ืื (ืืืื 28 ืืืื) ืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ, ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืื.
ืจืขืืืชื ืฉื ืจ’ ืืืจืื ื ืืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืช ืื ืขืื ื ืืืื ืืขืกืงืื ืืืฉืคืืชืืื ืืืืคืฉืจื ืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืืช ืื ืขืชืืชืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืื. ืืขืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืขืืงืืชื, ืืฆืจ ืจ’ ืืืจืื ืงืฉืจ ืืืฉื ืขื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืืคืื ืืืืืช ืื ืข”ื ืฉืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืฉืื ืืืกืจ ืื ืืืจ. ืืื ืื ืขืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืชืงืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ‘ืืืื’ ืืืชื ืื ื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื, ืืฉืจ ืืชืคืจื ืกื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืจ’ ืฉืืืื ืืจ’ ืืืจืื. ืืืืื ืืฆื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจืืืง ืืื ื ืชืืจื ืฆืขืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืชืื.
ืืืื ื’ ืืืืื ืชืงืฆ”ื, ืืืฆื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืคืืืจืช ืืืื ืืฆ”ื, ื ืื”ืข ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืกืงื ืืืื ืื ืืจืืขืื ืืืื. ืขื ืืฆืืชื ื ืืชื: “ืืฉืจื ืื ืฉืขืืื ืืชืืจื, ืขืกืง ืื ืชืืื ืืื ืฉืืจื, ืจืืืฆื ืืจืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจื, ืืืืจ ืคืขืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืื, ืืืืื ืคืืจ ืืขื ืืื ืืฉืืจื.” ืช.ื .ืฆ.ื.ื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืจืื
ื ืชื ืชืชื ืื.
ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืฆืืงื. ืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉื ืืืชืื ืืช ืืขื ื ืขืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืขืืจื ืืขื ืื ืขืืจ ืืืจืช ืขื ืื ืขืืจื ืงืืืืื. ืืข’ ืฉื”ืข ืจื ”ื.
ืืข”ืฉ ืืฉื ื”ื ืืฉ”ื ืื”ืก ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื”ื ืืฆืืงื ืขื ืื ืขืืจื ืงืืืืื, ืื ”ื ืืืืกืคืื ืฆืืงื ืืื”ื ืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืขืืจื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ื”ื. ืืื ืคืืช ืืฉืืื ื’ ื”ื ืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืืฅ ื”ื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืงื, ืืื ืฉื ื ืืงืืจืืช, ืืค’ ืืฉืคืืื ืืืชืื ืืขื ื ืขืื, ืืืค’ ืจืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ืฉืขืจืื ืืืจืฆื. ืืข”ืฉ ืคืื”ืฉ ืืขื ืื ืฆืืงื ืืงืืื ืขื ืื ื”ื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืืืืง ืืฉืื ื”ื.
ืืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืฉืื ืงืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืื”ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื”ืย ืชืืื ืืืืฆืื ืื”ื, ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืื. ืืข’ ืฉื”ื ื”ื ืคืงืืขืืช ืืฉืื ืกื’ ื’ ืืืชื ืืืจ”ื ืืืืืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืืขืช ืื”ื ืืฉ”ื ืืื ืืืฆื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืขืืืื ืขื ืื ืขืืจื, ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืกืฃ ืื ืขื ืื ื”ื. ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจื ืืืื ื”ื ืก”ื ืืืืชื ืขื ืื ืขืืจื ืงืืืืื. ืืข’ ืื ื”ื ื”ื ื’ ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืื’ ืื ืจ”ื ืืืืืืื ืืืงื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืื ืฉื ืขืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชื ื ืืื, ืืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืขืืจื. (ืืข’ ืคืื ืืืขืฅ ืขืจื ื”ื ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ื”ื ื”ื ื’ ืฉืืชืื ืืขื ืื ื”ื ืืขื ืื ืขืืจื, ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืชื ืืืืจื ืืืจ”ื ืืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืขื ืคืื”ืฉ ืื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉืื ื”ื).
ืืงืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืก
Finkel, Moreinu Hagaon Harav Eliyahu Baruch ztโl
ืืฉืขื ืื ืฉื “ืขืช ืฆืจื ืืื ืืืขืงื ืืืื ื ืืืืฉืข” ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืจืื ืืฉื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆ”ื ืฉืื ืื”ื ืืื, ืจืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืจ ืื ื ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืืฆ”ื ืืืฉืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืขืช ืืืืื, ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืืขืืช ืื ืืชืคืืื, ืืขื ืื ืฉืืงืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืก.
ืืืฉื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืฃ ื ”ื ืข”ื ืืืืจืช: “ืืจืืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ื ืกืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืืกืื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืงืื ืืื”. ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉื ืืืืจื (ื ”ื ืข”ื) ืฉืืื ืืืืงืืืืช ืืื “ืืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืฉื ืขืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืขื ืฉืขืฉื ืืืืฉืข ืืืืื ืืขืืืง ืฆืจืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืคื ื ืืืงืื, ืืืืชืื: ‘ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืชืืชืื ืืืฉื ืขืืื'”.
ืืืืืืจื ืืฉ ืืืืื: ืืจื ืืืืฉืข ื ืืื ืขื ืขืืืง ืืืืฅ ืืืื ื, ืืืืืืจ ืืจืฉ”ื ืขื ืืคืกืืง “ืฆื ืืืื ืืขืืืง” (ืฉืืืช ืื, ื), ืืืืื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืฉื ืขื ืืืืขื ืืชืื ืขื ื ื ืืืืื, ืื”ื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืื ื ืจืืืื ืืช ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืช ืืจืืช ืืจืืื “ืืจืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืงืื ืืื”, ืืื ื ืก ื ืฆืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉ ืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืื ื?
ืืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืื ืคืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืชืคืืื. ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืขืฆื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืชืจืืฉืืชื ืืคืืขื, ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืื ืืืงืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืชืคืื ืืืืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืขื ื ืฆืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื: “ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื” (ืฉื ืคืกืืง ื”ื), ืืชืจืื ืืื ืงืืืก: ืืืื ืืืืื ืคืจืืกื ืืฆืื, ืืื ืคืืจืฉ”ื ืฉื: “ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื โ ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืคืจืืฉืืช ืืฉืืื ืืชืคืืื ื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ื”, ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืงืื ืื ืฉื ืืชืคืืื ืืืงืื ืื ืก ืืืฉ, ืขื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืจืืืชืื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืช ‘ืืจืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืงืื ืืื’.
ืื”ื ืืืืื ืืืืจืฉ”ื ืืืจืืืช ืฉื (ื ”ื ืข”ื) ืื”ื: ืืคื ืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฉืืืงืื ืื ืก ืืืจืืื, ื”ื ืืงืื ืืืืขื ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืก ืื ืฆืืื ืืืืืื, ืฉืขื”ื ืืจืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจืื, ืขื”ื, ืืื ืื ืืืืจืื.
ืืื ื ืืคืกืืง (ืฉื, ืื) ืืชืื: “ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืงืจื ืฉืื ื’ ื ืกื”, ืืืชืจืืื ืืื ืชื ืื ืขืืืืื: “ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืงืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืื’ ืืื ื ืืกื ืืืื ืื ืืกื ืืขืืจ ืืชืจื ืืืื ื ืืื”, ืืืืจ ืขืืื ืืื, ืื ืจืื ืืฉื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืก ื ืขืฉื ืืืืื?
ืืื ืืคื ืืืกืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืืจืื, ืืืื ืขืค”ื ืืืจื ืืจืื”ื (ืฉื ืคืกืืง ื), ืืืืขื ืฉืฉืื ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืฉืข ืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืขืืืง ืืื ืืฆื ืืขืฆืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืคืื ืืฉื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืคืื ืขื ืจืืฉ ืืืืขื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืคืืจืฉ ืืคืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืคืืื ืืืืกืืคื ืืืืฅ ืืืืืจื, ืขื”ื. ืืจื ืฉืืฉื ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืขืืืง, ืืื ืฉืืืงื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืชืคืืืชื, ืืขืค”ื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืงืจื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืข”ื ืืช ืฉื ืืืืื “ื’ ื ืกื”, ืืืืืจ ืื ืก ืื ืืืื ื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืขืืงืจ ืื ืฆืืื ื ืงืจื ืขื ืฉื ืื ืฉืืชืคืื.
ืืืกืื ืื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืงืื ื (ืืจืืฉืืช ื”ื) ืขื ืืคืกืืง: “ืืื ืื ื ืืขืงื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืื ืืคืื ืืจื”, ืืืงืฉื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืคืกืืง ืื ื ืฉื ืื ืืช ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืื ื ืืื ืืคืื ืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื?
ืืชืืจืฅ ืืืืงืื ื ืืืืคื ื ืคืื: “ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืื ืขื ืคื ืืชืคืืื ืฉื ืชืคืืื ืจืื ืืคืื ืืจื โ ืฉืืืจื (ืืจืืฉืืช ื, ืื) ‘ืืืกืฃ ื’ ืื ืื ืืืจ’, ืืชืื ืื ืืขืื ืขืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืื ืืจื”, ืขื”ื. ืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืกืื ืื ”ื ืฉืืงืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืืงืื ืื ืก! ืขื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืฉ! ืืืื ืงืจื ืืืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืื “ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืื ืืคืื ืืจื”.
ื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืื: ืฉืืงืื ืืชืจืืฉืืช ืื ืก ืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืื ืืืงืื ืืชืคืืื!
ืืฉืจ ืขื ืื ืขืืื ื ืืืขืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืชืจืืฉืื ื ืืกืื ืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืื, ืืืจืื ืื ืืฆืคืื, ืืจื ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืจืกืืกื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืจืง ืืืงืื ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืชืืืื, ืืืื ืขื ืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืชืจืืฉืืช ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืืืืชื ืืื ืืืงื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืงืืืฉื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืชืคืืืื, ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ “ืืืจืืื”, ืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ “ืคืจืืืื”, ืืื ืื ื”ืืืช ืฉืืื”, ืื ื”ืืืช ืืฉืขืื” ืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืจืฉ ืืืจ, ืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืก ืืืคื ืฉืืื.
ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืขื ืืจื ืืืจื”ื ืืฆ”ื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืืื ืืชืฉ”ื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืงืืจืืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืืชืคืขืืืช ืืื ืฆืืื ืฉืืื ืื, ืืืฉืฉ ืืืจื”ื ืฉืื ืื ื ืกืืคืื ืืืจ ืชืืืฉืืช ืฉื “ืืืื ืืขืืฆื ืืื” ืฉืืืื ืื ืขื ืคืจืืฅ ืืืืื ื, ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจื”ื: “ืื ืืฆืืื ืื ื ืฆืื ืืืืืื! ืืื ืชืคืืืช ืืฆืืืงืื ืืืืืืช ืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฆ”ื ืชืืืืื ืฉื ืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืจืื ืืขืืืืขื ืฆ’ืฆืืง ืืฆ”ื! ืื ืฉื ืืืชื ืืืขืจืื ืืืืืชืืช! ืืืืืจ ืืืขืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืงืื ืืื ืืืืืฆืชื ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืื”.
ืืืืืืืจ ืืกืื ืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืฆืืืืช ืฉื ืืืข ืืืืฃ ืืืจืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืืืจืฉ”ื ืืงืืืืฉืื (ื”ื ืข”ื) ืฉืื ืฉืืชืงืืืช ืชืคืืืชื ืืื ืื ื ืก ืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืืชืื ืขื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืฉื ื ืืกืื, ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืืชืคืืื ืืฉ ืืฆืืืืช ืฉื ืืืข, ืฉืื ืืจื ืืงื”ื ืืช ืขืืืื ืฉืืชืคืืื ืืชืงืืืช ืืจืฆืื, ืืืื ืฉืคืืืฉ ืืคืืฆืฅ ืกืืข ืื ืคืืขืืช ืืชืคืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืจืงืืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืงืืจ ืื ืืชืคืืื ืฉืืืจืช ืืืืจืืช, (ื”ื ืืืืฉืื ืจืืื ื ื”ื: ืืืื ืืื ื ืืจืงืืืจ ืฆืืืจืขืื ื ืืื ื ืืืก ืื ืื ืคืื ืชืคืืื), ืืืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืคืืขื ืืชืคืืืชื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืขืฉืื, ืืขื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืื ืฉืืงืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืก ืืืฉ. “ืืืงืื ืืื”.
ื ืืชื ืข”ื ืืื ืืฉืืืขืื
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Friedman, Harav Hagaon Moshe Ahron Shlita
Parshas Reโeh
Harav Hagaon Moshe Aharon Friedman shlita
Choose Life
We are now in the middle of a process. Sefer Devarim started with Parshas Devarim, which is the beginning of a mussar shmuess from Moshe Rabbeinu. The week of Parshas Devarim was also, not by coincidence, Shabbos Chazon. Thus began a process of Mishneh Torah that will take us all the way to Vezos Haberachah on Simchas Torah. The haftaros read through Sefer Devarim encompass three of puranus, seven of nechamah, and two of teshuvah.
The three of puranus are ืืืจื ืืจืืืื, ืฉืืขืึผ ืืืจ ืืณ, and ืืืื ืืฉืขืืื โ which represent dibur, shemiyah, and reโiyah. This sequence is paralleled in the nechamah process, as Parshas Vaโeschanan is dibur, Parshas Eikev โ ืขึตืงึถื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืึฐืขืึผื โ is shemiyah, and Reโeh is reโiyah.
The shivah dโnechemta began with ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ืขึทืึผึดื, which, interestingly, is also the shirah of the retzifi bird, as recorded in Perek Shirah. Each of the various animals and other parts of creation says shirah with a particular passuk, and this passuk is the shirah of this bird.
The mefarshim offer differing opinions as to what the retzifi bird is. Some say itโs a penguin. Maybe the message is, not that itโs black and white, but that these birds live in a very cold atmosphere, so they stay together, bโachdus, and thatโs what keeps them warm. The basis of the nechamah of ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ืขึทืึผึดื is, likewise, achdus. Thereโs an alternative explanation that the retzifi is a phoenix bird, which Chazal called the ืขึนืืฃ ืึทืืึนื. Rashi, in Sanhedrin (Perek Chelek) explains that this bird lives forever; it endures in the zechus of what it did in the teivah. In any event, the way it works is that from its ashes, it gets recreated. That re-creation reflects the process of nechamah, so it is understandable that the retzifi is the creature that says, ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ื ึทืึฒืืึผ ืขึทืึผึดื.
Three Sets of 21 Days
Weโve discussed before that the Maharsha (Bechoros 8) notes that there are 21 days of Bein HaMetzarim, which parallel the 21 days in Tishrei from Rosh Hashanah until Shemini Atzeres. The days from Shivah Asar BโTammuz through Tishah BโAv mirror those days, because it doesnโt make a difference whether we are going through black days or white days โ days of darkness or of light; either way, we are meant to use the days to attain kirvas Hashem. On Tishah BโAv, we lein the passuk ืึทืชึผึธื ืึธืจึฐืึตืืชึธ ืึธืึทืขึทืช ืึผึดื ืืณ ืืึผื ืึธืึฑืึนืงึดืื ืึตืื ืขืึนื ืึดืึผึฐืึทืึผืึน, and we begin the hakafos on Simchas Torah with the very same passuk.
It is no coincidence that Bein Hazmanim is also 21 days. This period is also a time when a person can experience growth โ specifically when he is not in his regular framework, he has the opportunity to show his true colors. These days are not black and not white; theyโre a different set of 21 days that present another way for a person to be working on his kirvas Hashem.
But itโs all part of the same lengthy process. In truth, this process begins already in Tammuz, which, the sefarim tell us, stands for ืืื ืชืฉืืื ืืืฉืืฉ ืืื. Av, likewise, is roshei teivos ืืืื ืื. When Parshas Reโeh comes, the message is ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืข โ Elul is upon us. The sefarim say that even earlier, on Chamishah Asar BโAv, we start wishing each other ืึผึฐืชึดืืึธื ืึทืึฒืชึดืืึธื ืืึนืึธื, which has the same gematria (928) as Chamishah Asar BโAv.
Reโeh could also be roshei teivos of ืึฑืืึผื ืจึนืืฉื ืึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื, whose gematria is also 928.
Bechirah in Black, White, and Grey
Now, the message in Parshas Reโeh is: ืจึฐืึตื ืึธื ึนืึดื ื ึนืชึตื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึผืงึฐืึธืึธื. A person has to make a decision, to make the right choice, both in the specific details of every given moment, and in general as well. The word ืึผืงึฐืึธืึธื can be understood as roshei teivos for ืืืงืจื ืงืืืืช ืื ืืขืืื ืืื. When making decisions, a person has to know where to put the emphasis for the future as well.
Sometimes, the decision is black and white, but sometimes there are gray areas. I heard a story about a bachur in pre-war Poland who was learning in a yeshiva in Lodz, and after he got engaged, he once went walking outside in the streets while talking with his kallah. This wasnโt accepted in those circles, so he was kicked out of the yeshiva.
He tried to get accepted to a different yeshiva in Poland, but due to the stigma he didnโt get in, so he went to Berlin, to the yeshiva of Rav Ezriel Hildesheimer. A few weeks after he came to the yeshiva, people noticed that some money was missing from the pushka in the beis midrash. This happened a few times, prompting the people there to investigate. It turned out that this bachur was taking money from the pushka, a bit at a time. When Rav Hildesheimer called him in and asked him about this, he responded, โWhatโs the big deal? Everyone knows that if a bachur in the yeshiva has extra money he puts it in the pushka, and if thereโs a bachur who needs money he can quietly take what he needs and later return it. Thatโs accepted.โ
โHere,โ Rav Hildesheimer corrected him, โitโs not accepted.โ
Then he added, โHere, you could have spoken in the street with your kallah, and in Poland you could have taken from the pushka. Had you taken from the pushka in Poland and spoken to your kallah in Berlin, things would have been fine. The problem is that you spoke to the kallah in Poland and you took from the pushka in Berlin.โ
Sometimes, there arenโt exactly clear-cut guidelines, but in those situations the directive of ืจึฐืึตื ืึธื ึนืึดื ื ึนืชึตื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึผืงึฐืึธืึธื also applies โ to know whatโs appropriate in every situation and have clarity as to how to behave. If you have this clarity, then youโll be able to pass it on to your children, your family, your students, your neighbors. But you have to be consistent โ you always have to know what to do, how to choose between berachah and klalah.
The Gemara says, ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึดืจึฐืึถื ืึธืึธื ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึผืึผ ืึถืฆึฐืืึน ืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืึถืฆึฐืืึน ืึทืึผึธืื โ a person should always view himself as half guilty and half meritorious; there is one more thing that has to be done and he has only a few seconds left to do it. The emphasis here is on the ืึฐืขืึนืึธื โ a person should always think that way. After he made a decision to go and do one more mitzvah, he should again see his balance as exactly even, and view himself as standing at a crossroads, both in his specific circumstance and in a general sense. Then, he can make the right choice โ ืึผืึธืึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืึผึทืึทืึผึดืื.
We should all be zocheh to ืึธืึฐืจึตื ืึผ ืึฐืึทืึผึดืื and to a ืึผึฐืชึดืืึธื ืึทืึฒืชึดืืึธื ืืึนืึธื.