PekudeiShmos

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโ€l

ืืœื” ืคืงื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ (ืœื—, ื›ื)
ืžืงืฉื” ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืœืžื” ื›ืคืœื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื–ื” ืืช ืžืขืœืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ืฉื›ืจื, ื•ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ “ื™ืคื” ืฉื™ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื”.

ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืงืฉ ืื• ืจืžื–, ื•ืขืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ื•ืขื™ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืืžื” ืขืœ ืืžื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื”: ืžืฉืœ ืœืžืœืš ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื• ืœื‘ืŸ ืžืœืš ื•ืจืฆื” ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื™ืœืš ืืชื” ืœืืจืฆื, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืชื™ ืฉืœื™ ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื”, ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืš ืืœ ืชื˜ืœื ื” ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืฉืชืš, ืืœื ื–ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขืฉื” ืœื™, ืฉื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืงื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื” ืœื™ ืฉืื“ื•ืจ ืืฆืœื›ื, ืฉืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืชื™. ื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืชืชื™ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ื”ื™ืžื ื” ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ื›ื•’, ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื• ืœื™ ืฉืื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ “ื•ืขืฉื• ืœื™ ืžืงื“ืฉ”.

ืจื•ืื™ื ืื ื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืงื— ืืช ื‘ืช ื”ืžืœืš, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืœืืจืฆื•, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ืœื—ืคืฆื™ื• ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืืจืฆื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืžืจ ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื”, ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ืงื‘”ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื“ ื”ื•ื. ื•ื”ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืจืง ืืฆืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืœื‘ื• ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื•ื“ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืข”ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื›ื™ “ืชื•ืขื‘ืช ื”’ ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื” ืœื‘”. ืฉืงืจ ืื™ื ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœ, ื—ื ืฃ ืœื ื™ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืžื ื• ื™ืช’. ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืœืชืงืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ืœื”ื“ืžื•ืช ืืœื™ื• ื™ืช’, ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœ”ื•ืฉื›ื ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ื””ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื•ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ

ื™ื“ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ืคืงื•ื“ื™

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโ€l

ืืฉืจื™ ืœื“ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืดื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืคืŸ ื•ืงื ืชื” ืฉื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื›ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ืชืงืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืชืคืœื” ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื• ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืชื™ืงื•ื ื. (ืืข”ืค ืฉืฉื•ื ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ืœื ื”ื•ืชืงืŸ.)

ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ื””ืฆ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื•ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืงืดืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืขื” ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื™ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช (ืœืงื ื“ื ืื• ืœืืจื”ืดื‘). ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื›ื–ื” ืกื›ื ื” ืœืฉืœืžื•ืชื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ, ื•ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืคืŸ ืœื ืจืฆืชื” ืœืชืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืืจืฆื”, ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื” ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืื ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืœืกื™ืŸ โ€” ืœืฉืื ื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ืกื•ืข ื™ื—ื“ ืœืžืงื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืกืคืง ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืืžืจ: ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืขื™ืง ืขืœื™ื• ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืœืชืคืœืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื›ืฉืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืจืืฉื•, ืงื‘ืข ืฉื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื—ืจืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื•. ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืžืœื ืจื’ืฉ ื•ืžื—ื ืง ื“ืจืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคืœื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื•ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืžืณ “ืืฉืจื™ ืœื“ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืžื—ืจืชื•, ื›ื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื–ืฆืดืœ.

ืžื™ ืฉืจืื” ืžืขืžื“ ื–ื” ืดื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจืื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื‘ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”ืด.

ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืฉืื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื™ืงืดื  ื“ืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ืคืŸ ื•ืืจื”ืดื‘ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืฉืขืจ ืžืžืฉ. ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืื ื›ื™, ืขื“ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื›ืœื• ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื.

ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื˜ืขื ื• ืฉืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ืช ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ืช. ื›ื™ ื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื•ื—ื” ืžื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” (ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘) ืืขืดืค ืฉืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.

ื ืฉืชืžืจ ืืฆืœื™ ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉื™ื—ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืžืกืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•, ื•ื›ื” ืืžืจ: ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืงื•ื ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—, ืœื ื ื”ืคืš ื”ืขืงื•ื ืœืžื™ืฉื•ืจ. ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืงื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืงื•ื. ืืœื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื“ืณ ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ืขื›ืดื“. (ืœื ื””ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช” ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืจืง “ืขืฆืช ื“ืณ ื”ื™ื ืชืงื•ื”).

ืžืชื•ืš ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืจื””ื’ ืจ’ ืฉืœื•ื ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืคื™ืจื, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืคืงื•ื“ื™

ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช

ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ืŸ ื”’ ืข”ื‘ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื ืœื›ื ื•ืœื ื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืขื›ื•”ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ืข’ ืจืžื‘”ื ืค”ื— ืžืžืชื ื•”ืข ื””ื— ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื“ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื”ื›”ื . ื•ืข’ ืฉื“”ื— ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ืž”ื˜ ื“ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ืืœื ืœืงื ื™ื™ืช ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—”ืก ื™ื•”ื“ ืจื›”ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื“ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›”ื , ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ื‘ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืจื ”ื˜ ื™”ื‘. (ื•ื‘ืค’ ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืงื—ื• “ืžืืชื›ื” ื•ืข’ ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืœื ืžืขืจื‘ ืจื‘. ื•ืข’ ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘).

(ื•ืข’ ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื—”ืก ื—”ื‘ ื“ืฃ ืฉ”ืž ื‘’ ื ”ืž ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ื’ ื•ื‘’ ื•ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืข”ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืฉืฉืœืžื” ืฉื™ืœื ืœื”ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฆื•ืงืจืžื ื“ืœ ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืข”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ).

 

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืขืœืžื ืืกื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื’ื•ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืงืฆื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ืื ื•ื“ื•ื—ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื•ืข’ ืจืž”ื ื™ื•”ื“ ืจื ”ื“ ื‘’ ื•ืื•”ื— ืงื ”ื“ ื™”ื ื“ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ืžื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขื›ื•”ื. ื•ืข’ ืฉ”ืš ืจื ”ื“ ื“’ ื“ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ื•ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืงืฆื™ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ืŸ ื”’ ืข”ื‘ ืฉืฉืืœื• ืืžืื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื ืœื›ื ื•ืœื ื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช, ื•ืข”ืฉ ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืจืฆื•, ื•ืข’ ืฉ”ืš ื›ื™ ืจืง ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื›ืคืจ, ื•ืœื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›”ื .

(ื•ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื“ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื›ืคืจ, ืข’ ื‘”ื‘ ื“’ ืคืจื•ืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืฆื“ืงื” ืชืฆื™ืœ ืžืžื•ืช, ื•ืข’ ืื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจ”ื  ืžืฆื™ืœ ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืข’ ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืค’ ื‘ื”ืจ ืžืฆื™ืœ ืžื ื—ืฉ ื•ืขื•ื“, ื•ืข’ ื‘”ื‘ ื™”ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืœื”, ื•ืข’ ืฉื‘ืช ืงื ”ื• ืข”ื‘ ื‘ื ื—ืฉ).

ืžื™ื”ื• ืืฃ ื“ืฉืจื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื›”ื , ืž”ืž ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ื“ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืœื ืชื—ื ื. ื•ืข’ ืžืฉื ื””ืœ ื—”ื” ืงืข”ื— ื‘ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ืืžืื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืœื ืชื—ื ื ื›ืจืžื‘”ื ื”ื ”ืœ.

ื•ืข’ ืงื•ืœ ืืจื™ื” ื™”ื“ ื‘ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ื“ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืชื—ื ื ื›ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืชื•ืขืœืช ืขืฆืžื•, ืืš ื”ืง’ ืข”ื– ืžื“ื ื™ืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืืจื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื ื›ืคืจื”, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ ืœื ืชื—ื ื ืืฃ ื“ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื”ื ื”.

ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Aaron Chodosh, ztโ€l

ื‘ืชื ื•ื—ืžื ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ืื•ืช ื’’ “ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืื• ืงืจื ื”’ ื‘ืฉื” ื–ืฉ”ื” “ื•ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืื“ื”, ืžื”ื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ื”ืจ ืขืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืจืื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ “ื•ืจืื” ื•ืขืฉื” ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืชื ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืจืื””, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• “ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืืช ื”ืงืจืฉื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื—ืŸ ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ื•ื›ื•”, ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืกื™ื“ืจ ืœื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ืฉ”ืข ืžื™ ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื–ืืช? ื”ืœ “ืจืื” ืงืจืืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ื‘ืฆืœืืœ”, ื›ืฉื™ืจื“ ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืงืจืฉื™ื ื•ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืฉืœื—ืŸ, ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืžื™ ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื–ืืช? ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ืฆืœืืœ, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืจื ื ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืข”ื™ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืืœื ืžืฉื” ืขืฆืžื• ืžืžื ื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•, ืžืฉื” ืžืœืš, ื•ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื• ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืกื’ื ื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื”, ืืœืขื–ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ื™, ื‘ื ื™ ืงื”ืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืฉื” ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืžืฉื” ืื ื™ ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืœื•ื ืžื“ืขืชื™ ืืœื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืžืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืœื”ื ืจืื• ืงืจื ื”’ ื‘ืฉื ื‘ืฆืœืืœ, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ “ื•ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืื“ื”, ื”ื•ื™ ื•ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืจืื• ืงืจื ื”’ ื‘ืฉื, “ื•ืื“ื” ืืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืค”ืž ืื•ืช ื‘’: ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, “ืงึธืจึธืืชึดื™ ื‘ึฐืฉืึตื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ”, ืึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘ ื›ึผึธืืŸ, ืึถืœึผึธื “ืจึฐืึตื” ืงึธืจึธืืชึดื™”, ืึทืชึผึธื” ืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืขึธืœึธื” ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึทืžึผึธืจื•ึนื ื”ึถืจึฐืึธื” ืœื•ึน ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื•ึฐื›ึธืšึฐ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” “ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืžึฐื ึนืจึทื”, ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืฉืึปืœึฐื—ึธืŸ, ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท” ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ. ื‘ึผึธื ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึตื™ืจึตื“ ืกึธื‘ื•ึผืจ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึถื” ืื•ึนืชื•ึน, ืงึธืจึธื ืœื•ึน ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ืžืฉืึถื” ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึดื™ืšึธ ืึตื™ืŸ ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ, ืึถืœึผึธื ื’ึผื•ึนื–ึตืจ ื•ึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ื, ืึทืฃ ืึทืชึผึธื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืœึฐืšึธ ืจึฐืฉืื•ึผืช ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึถืœึผึธื ืึฑืžึนืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึฐืœึนื ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืžึดื™ ื™ึนืืžึทืจ, ืึธืžึทืจ ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึฐืžึดื™ ืึนืžึทืจ, ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึทืจึฐืึถื” ืœึธืšึฐ, ื•ึผืžึถื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ืกึดืคึฐืจื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืึธื“ึธื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึถืจึฐืึธื” ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื“ึผื•ึนืจื•ึนืช ืฉืึถื”ึตืŸ ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ืœึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืžึดื‘ึผึฐืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึทื“ ืชึผึฐื—ึดื™ึผึทืช ื”ึทืžึผึตืชึดื™ื, ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ื•ึธื“ื•ึนืจ ื•ึผืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื™ื•, ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ื•ึธื“ื•ึนืจ ื•ึผืžึทื ึฐื”ึดื™ื’ึธื™ื•, ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ื•ึธื“ื•ึนืจ ื•ึผื ึฐื‘ึดื™ืึธื™ื•. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื ึฐืชึผึดื™ื• ืžึตืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืฉืึธืขึธื”, ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ ืžึตืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืฉืึธืขึธื” ื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื ึฐืชึผึดื™ื•, ื”ึฑื•ึตื™: “ืจึฐืึตื” ืงึธืจึธืืชึดื™ ื‘ึฐืฉืึตื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ”.

ื•ื‘ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื•’: “ื•ืืžืœื ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ื— ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื›ืžื”” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ื—ื›ืžื” ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืžืœื ื—ื›ืžื” ืืœื ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื‘ืจ, ืžื˜ืจื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืืœื” ืืช ืจ’ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจ ื—ืœืคืชื ืžื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ “ื™ื”ื‘ ื—ื›ืžืชื ืœื—ื›ื™ืžื™ืŸ”, ืœื˜ืคืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆ”ืœ? ืืžืจ ืœื” ื‘ืชื™ ืื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืืฆืœืš ืฉื ื™ื, ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืื—ื“ ืขื ื™, ื•ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืžืžืš ืžืžื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืžื”ื ืชืœื•ื•ื™? ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืœืขืฉื™ืจ, ืืžืจ ืœื” ืœืžื”? ื”ืœ ืฉืื ื™ื—ืกืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืคืจืข ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื™ ืื ื™ืื‘ื“ ืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื™ืคืจืข? ืืžืจ ืœื” ื™ืฉืžืขื• ืื•ื–ื ื™ืš ืžื” ืฉืคื™ืš ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืš ืื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ื›ืžื” ืœื˜ืคืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ื ืคื™ื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”, ืืœื ื ืชื ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื›”ื  ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื”ืž”ื“ ื•ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”, ืœื›ืš ื›ืชื™ื‘ “ื•ืืžืœื ืื•ืชื•” ืžืœื ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ื•’, ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื ื•ื•ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื ืื“ื ืœื™ืงื— ืžืžื ื• ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื›ื•’, ื›ืฉื”ื—ื ื•ื•ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื— ืžืจื™ื— ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ื‘ืื“ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ื—ื›ืžื” ืžืžืœืื•…

ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ืคืž”ื— ืื•ืช ื“’: ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืึถื‘ึทื— ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืžึดื ึผึทื™ึดืŸ ืœื•ึน, ืžึดืฉึผืึตื‘ึถื˜ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”, ื•ึผืžึตื”ึตื™ื›ึธืŸ ื–ึธื›ึธื” ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช, ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžืจ “ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืœึธื”ึถื ื‘ึผึธืชึผึดื™ื”, ื•ึผืžึธื” ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืชึผึดื™ื, ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื”ึปื ึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช. ื™ื•ึนื›ึถื‘ึถื“ ื ึธื˜ึฐืœึธื” ื›ึผึฐื”ึปื ึผึธื” ื•ึผืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช, ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ, ืžืฉืึถื” ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ, ื•ึผืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ื ึธื˜ึฐืœึธื” ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื”, ืฉืึถื”ึถืขึฑืžึดื™ื“ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ ื•ึฐื™ึธืฆึธื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžืจ “ื•ึฐื“ึธื•ึดื“ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืคึฐืจึธืชึดื™”, ืฉืึถื‘ึผึธื ืžึดืŸ ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืงึฐืจึตืืช ืึถืคึฐืจึธืช. ื‘ึผึฐื’’ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืœึผึธืœื•ึผ ื ึดื‘ึฐืจึธื ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžืจ “ื”’ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื™ึธืกึทื“ ืึธืจึถืฅ ื›ึผื•ึนื ึตืŸ ืฉืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื”, ื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน ืชึผึฐื”ื•ึนืžื•ึนืช ื ึดื‘ึฐืงึธืขื•ึผ”. ื•ึผื‘ื’’ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืœึผึธืœื•ึผ ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธื” ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืฉืึถื ึผืืžืจ “ื•ึธืึฒืžึทืœึผึตื ืึนืชื•ึน ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืืœืงื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื“ึทืขึทืช”. ื•ึผื‘ึดื’’ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืœึผึธืœื•ึผ ื ึดื‘ึฐื ึธื” ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึทืœึฐืžึธื ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ืžึดืžึผึทื˜ึผึตื” ื ึทืคึฐืชึผึธืœึดื™ ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึผึธืœึตื ืึถืช ื”ึทื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืชึผึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื“ึผึทืขึทืช”. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœึดื‘ึฐื ื•ึนืชื•ึน ืœึถืขึธืชึดื™ื“ ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื, ื‘ึผึดื’’ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืœึผึธืœื•ึผ ื ึดื‘ึฐื ึถื”, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื™ึดื‘ึผึธื ึถื” ื‘ึผึธื™ึดืช ื•ึผื‘ึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื” ื™ึดืชึฐื›ึผื•ึนื ึธืŸ”.

ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, “ื•ึธืึฒืžึทืœึผึตื ืึนืชื•ึน” ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผื•ึน ืžึดื ึผึทื™ึดืŸ, ืžึดืŸ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืืœืงื™ื. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึฒื ึดื™ื ึธื ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘ “ืึธื›ึตืŸ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึถืึฑื ื•ึนืฉื”, ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ึธื” ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ ืžึดืฉึผืึถืœ ืฉืึทื“ึผึทื™ ื”ึดื™ื, ื”ึฑื•ึตื™: “ื•ึธืึฒืžึทืœึผึตื ืึนืชื•ึน ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืึฑืœืงื™ื, ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื”, ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ื—ึธื›ึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ื•ึผื‘ึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธื”, ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึตื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒืœึธื›ึธื”. ื•ึผื‘ึฐื“ึทืขึทืช, ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึธืœึตื ื“ึทืขึทืช ื‘ึผึฐืชึทืœึฐืžื•ึผื“. ืึธืžึทืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื‘ึผึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ื ื•ึนืชึถื ึถืช ื‘ึผึธื›ึถื ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธื”, ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืœึถืขึธืชึดื™ื“ ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื ืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ืžึฐื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ื‘ึธื›ึถื ื•ึดื—ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื”.

ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, “ืจึฐืื•ึผ ืงึธืจึธื ื”’ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื” ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘ “ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื‘ึผึธืจึธืืชึดื™ ื—ึธืจึธืฉื”, ื–ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ. ื ึนืคึตื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืึตืฉื ืคึผึถื—ึธื, ื—ึธื˜ึฐืื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึธืึตืฉื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื•ึธืึทืฉืึฐืœึดื›ึตื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึตืฉื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึตื ื”ึธืขึตื’ึถืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื””, ื‘ึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ ื•ึฐืจึดืคึผึตื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึทื›ึผึธื”, ืžึธืฉืึธืœ ืœึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืจื•ึนืคึตื ืฉืึถื ึผึธืชึทืŸ ืจึฐื˜ึดื™ึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ืžึทื›ึผึธื” ืึทื—ึทืช ื•ึฐื ึดืชึฐืจึทืคึผึตืืช, ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืžึฐืงึทืœึผึฐืกึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน, ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึน ืงึทืœึผึฐืกื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึดื™ื•. ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธืชื•ึน ื•ึผื‘ึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ึธืชื•ึน ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืึธืžึทืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืจึธืืชึดื™ื• ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึดื™ื•, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ื‘ึผึธืจึธืืชึดื™ ื—ึธืจึธืฉื”, ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ืึธืžึทืจ ืžืฉืึถื”: ืจึฐืื•ึผ ืงึธืจึธื ื”’ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื.

ื‘ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืื•ืช ื™”ื’: “ื•ื™ืขืฉ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืขืฆื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื” – ืœืคื™ ืฉื’ืœื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืืžืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื, ืœื›ืš ืชื™ืงืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื. ื•ื™ืฆืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื–ื”ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ืืœื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืชื›ื‘ื“ ื”ืขืฅ ื‘ื–ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื™ื‘ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื›ืš ืžื˜ื”ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ืœื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื™ื‘, ื”ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืžื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืžืคื– ืจื‘.

ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ืื•ืช ื•’ ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื“ึนืง ืื•ึนืชึธืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืžึทื” ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืงึทืœึฐืงึธืœึธื”: ืคึผึธืจึฒืงื•ึผ ื ึดื–ึฐืžึตื™ ื”ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘, ื•ึผืžึทื” ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ื ึฐื–ึธืžึดื™ื, ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉืึถืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื ึฐื“ึธื‘ึธื”, ื•ึผืžึทื” ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘: “ื›ึผึนืœ ื ึฐื“ึดื™ื‘ ืœึตื‘ ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ื—ึธื— ื•ึธื ึถื–ึถื ื˜ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืช ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผืžึธื–” ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื–ึธืžึดื™ื ื—ึธื˜ึฐืื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึดื ึฐื–ึธืžึดื™ื ื ึดืชึฐืจึทืฆึผึถื” ืœึธื”ึถื, ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื ืฆื•ึนื•ึทื—ึทืช ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื”ื•ึนืฉืึตืขึท “ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึตืึธืžึตืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืœึนื ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ืึทืชึผึถื ื™ึตืึธืžึตืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึตืœ ื—ึธื™”, ืึธืžึทืจ ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ึผึธืชึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ “ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดื’ึฐื ึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืื•ึน ืฉื‚ึถื” ื•ึผื˜ึฐื‘ึธื—ื•ึน ืื•ึน ืžึฐื›ึธืจื•ึน ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ื‘ึธืงึธืจ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืจ”, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื”: ื—ึธื—, ื•ึธื ึถื–ึถื, ื˜ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืช, ืขึธื’ึดื™ืœ, ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผืžึธื–.

ืฉืž”ืจ ืคื ”ื‘ ืื•ืช ื‘’ “ืชึผึตืึธืœึทืžึฐื ึธื” ืฉื‚ึดืคึฐืชึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ” ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืžืฉืึถื”, ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœื•ึน ืžึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืžึดื™ึผึธื“ ืึธืžึทืจ ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ “ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึฐื—ื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื””, ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžืฉืึถื” ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึถื” ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึตื™ืฆึธื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืฉืึถื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึธื” ืฉืื•ึนืจึธื” ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืขึทืžึฐืจึธื.

ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธื ึธืŸ ืฉืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืขื•ึนืกึตืง ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืฉืึฐืœืฉืึธื” ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœืฉืึธื” ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืงึดืคึผึฐืœื•ึผื”ื•ึผ, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืžึฐืœึดื™ืฆึดื™ืŸ ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธื”, ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžืฉืึถื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืจึถื” ืฉืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึธืชื•ึน ืึถืฆึฐืœึตื ื•ึผ. ื•ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ึดืชึฐื›ึผึทื•ึผึตืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทืขึฒืžึดื™ื“ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื‘ึผึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืฉืึถื ึผื•ึนืœึทื“ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืึธื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึผ, ืœึนื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืึธืžึทืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœึฐืžืฉืึถื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืชึผึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ, ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืฉืึธืขึธื” ืึธืžึฐืจึธื” ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื: “ืชึผึตืึธืœึทืžึฐื ึธื” ืฉื‚ึดืคึฐืชึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ” ืื•ึนืชึธื ืฉืึถืžึผึฐืœึดื™ืฆึดื™ื ืึทื—ึทืจ ืžืฉืึถื”, ืœึนื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื”, ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึผึตื™ื•ึธืŸ ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจ ื”ึธืืœืงื™ื ืœึฐืžืฉืึถื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื”ึดืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœื•ึผ ื˜ื•ึนืขึฒื ึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื•ึผื‘ึธืึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดืžึผึฐืœึทืื›ึฐืชึผื•ึน, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื””.

ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื “ื•ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ื•ื”ืฆืœืชื™ ื•ื’ืืœืชื™ ืืชื›ื” [ืฉืžื•ืช ื•’], ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืชื ื”ื™ื” “ื•ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืœื™ ืœืขื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ืœืืœืงื™ื”, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, “ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื“’ ืืœื•ืงื™ื›ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืชื›ื ืžืชื—ืช ืกื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื”.

ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืขื ื”ื•ื “ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ”, “ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืœื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ”, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืชื™ ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื™ื•ื ื–ื”? ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข “ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”” ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ.

ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ื™ืฆื™”ืž ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื‘ื ื”, ืฉื”ื ื ื”ื™ื• “ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ”.

ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ืคื˜”ื• ื›”ื’: ืœึนื ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืึถืœึผึธื ืœึธื›ึถื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึถืงึทื— ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืœึธื›ึถื ืชึผื•ึนืจึธืชึดื™ ื•ื’ื•”… ืœึนื ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืจึธืืฉืึตื™ ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืึถืœึผึธื ืœึธื›ึถื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื”, ืคึผึถืกึทื— ืœึธื›ึถื, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึฐืžึดืฉืึฐืžึถืจึถืช”, ื”ึฑื•ึตื™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐืšึธ ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผึถืšึธ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืœึฐื–ึธืจึดื™ื ืึดืชึผึธืšึฐ.

ืฉื ื’: ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธื›ึถื ื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืึทื—ึตืจ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืžึดื–ึผึถื”, ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ืจึนืืฉื ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื”.

ืขื•ื“ ืฉื: ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึฒื ึดื™ ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ืžึทืกึฐื›ึผึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื™ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื’ึผื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืžึฐืขึทื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื”, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ืึถืงึฐืจึธื ืœึตืืœืงื™ื ืขึถืœึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ ืœึธืึตืœ ื’ึผึนืžึตืจ ืขึธืœึธื™”, ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ืื•ึนืžึตืจ “ืึตืœึผึถื” ืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ึตื™ ื”’ ืžึดืงึฐืจึธืึตื™ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ื•ื’ื•”, ืึทืชึผึถื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึทื ึผึธืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึถืœึนื ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึทื ึผึธืŸ, ืึตื™ืŸ ืœึดื™ ืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ื•ึนืช ืึถืœึผึธื ืึตืœึผื•ึผ. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืœึฐืฉืึถืขึธื‘ึทืจ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ึดื™, ืฉืึถื ืืžืจ “ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื™ึธืจึตื—ึท ืœึฐืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ึดื™ื”, ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืžึดื›ึผึธืืŸ ื•ึธืึตื™ืœึธืšึฐ ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ืžึฐืกื•ึผืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ึถื“ึฐื›ึถื ื‘ึผึดืจึฐืฉืื•ึผืชึฐื›ึถื, ืึดื ืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ื”ึตืŸ, ื”ึตืŸ. ืึดื ืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธืื•, ืœึธืื•. ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ื™ึฐื”ึตื ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื. ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขื•ึนื“ ืึถืœึผึธื ืึดื ื‘ึผึดืงึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึถื ืœึฐืขึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื”, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ื ึดื™ ืžึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื, ืœึฐื›ึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘: “ื”ึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื”.

ื‘ื’ืž’ ื‘ืจ”ื” ื“ืฃ ื–. “ืช”ืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื•ืœืชืจื•ืžืช ืฉืงืœื™ื, ืžื ืœืŸ, ื”ืจ ื™ืืฉื™ื” ืืžืจ ืงืจื “ื–ืืช ืขื•ืœืช ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื• ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”” ืืžืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื‘ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžืชืจื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื•ื’ืžืจื™ ืฉื ื” ืฉื ื” ืžื ื™ืกืŸ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื””, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ืฆื ืืœื ืฉื—ื™ืกืจ ืžืฆื•ื”.

ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืฃ ื›”ื˜: ืจ”ื— ืื“ืจ ืฉื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืงืœื™ื, ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืž’ ืชื ืŸ ื”ืชื ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืื™ื, ื‘ืฉืœืžื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืื™ื ื“ื–ืžืŸ ื–ืจื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืœื™ื ืžื ืœืŸ, ืืžืจ ืจ’ ื˜ื‘ื™ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืืฉื™ื” ื“ืืžืจ ืงืจื ื–ืืช ืขื•ืœืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•”, ืืžืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื‘ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžืชืจื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืขื™ ืืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืชืจื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืงื“ืžื™ื ืŸ ื•ืงืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื™ ื“ืœื™ืชื• ืฉืงืœื™ื ืœืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื ืืžืจ, ื›ืฉื ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืœื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืจ”ื” ื•ืœื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ื›ืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื•ืœื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ื”ืืจื‘ืข ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•, ื”ื ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืชืงื ื• ื—ื–”ืœ ื›ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื—ื’ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืื– ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืขื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ื” ื•ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืžื™ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืืžื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื ื’ืืœื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื’ืืœ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื•ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืŸ.

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Harav Hagaon Elimelech Reznick Shlita

Itโ€™s Not You; Itโ€™s an Illusion

Parashas Pekudei

Harav Hagaon Elimelech Reznik Shlita

 

On the passuk: ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉืึถื”, Rashi, citing Midrash Tanchuma, notes that Klal Yisrael were unable to erect the Mishkan, and since Moshe had not performed any of the labor for the Mishkan, Hashem left this task to him. Yet even Moshe was unable to erect the Mishkan, due to the massive weight of the kerashim, which were beyond human ability to lift. โ€œPlace your hand there as though you are erecting the Mishkan,โ€ Hashem instructed him, โ€œand it will stand up by itself.โ€

Midrash Tanchuma adds that Hakadosh Baruch Hu told Moshe, โ€œI will write in the Torah that you were the one who erected the Mishkan,โ€ and thatโ€™s why the passuk says: ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึถื ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ.

 

After Klal Yisrael had donated to the Mishkan and worked and shvitzed to craft its keilim and components, Moshe Rabbeinu was distressed that he had not been personally involved in the construction of the Mishkan, so Hashem gave him the job of erecting the completed Mishkan. In truth, however, Moshe Rabbeinu did nothing โ€“ his involvement was just a show. He put his hands in place as though he was erecting the Mishkan, but really, it was Hakadosh Baruch Hu doing the work. Yes, the Torah states that Moshe was the one who erected the Mishkan, but if he didnโ€™t actually do anything, how was this a consolation to him for his lack of involvement?

 

I would like to answer with an insight from Rav Chaim Pinchas Scheinberg ztโ€l, whose yahrtzeit was this week. Rav Scheinberg noted that this arrangement between Hakadosh Baruch Hu and Moshe seems like a total fraud: Hashem was telling Moshe to move his hands as though he was putting up the Mishkan, and Heโ€™ll write that Moshe put it up even though Moshe was not actually the one doing it. Basically, it was all an illusion; they pulled a fast one over Klal Yisrael. How could the Torah perpetuate what seems to be such a sheker?

 

Rav Scheinberg explained that this was no sheker at all, since in reality Hakadosh Baruch Hu is the one who does every single thing in the world. Yes, we work and we shvitz, and weโ€™re convinced that itโ€™s our own effort thatโ€™s bringing about our success โ€“ ื›ึผึนื—ึดื™ ื•ึฐืขึนืฆึถื ื™ึธื“ึดื™ โ€“ but all of that is really an illusion. We think weโ€™re the ones accomplishing, but itโ€™s really Hakadosh Baruch Hu who gave us the energy, the intelligence, and the tools to accomplish. Everything that gets done is His doing, but He allows us to live under the illusion of our own power. Thatโ€™s the real illusion.

 

When Moshe put his hand out and Hashem erected the Mishkan, that was no more of an illusion than any other achievement in this world. It is no farce to write in the Torah that Moshe erected the Mishkan, because Hashem was behind that act the same way Heโ€™s behind every action credited to any human being.

 

Why Moshe?

I would like to take this insight of Rav Scheinberg a step further. Why did this miracle of erecting the Mishkan have to happen through Moshe, and not through anyone else? We can explain that Hashem performs a miracle like this only for someone who has already reached this recognition that all of his abilities are from the Eibishter: Ein od milvado. Moshe knew that he wasnโ€™t the one erecting the Mishkan; it was Hashem. And thatโ€™s why he was chosen for this task.

 

A similar idea appears in Nefesh Hachaim (3:12), where Rav Chaim Volozhiner cites the Gemaraโ€™s teaching that a witch tried to take dirt from under the feet of Rโ€™ Chanina in order to perform kishuf, and Rโ€™ Chanina responded that he was not afraid, because ein od milvado. Rav Chaim Volozhiner explains that if a person believes that every single thing that happens, every movement he makes, every breath he takes, is all from the Eibishter, then heโ€™s in the Eibishterโ€™s hands, and nothing in the world can harm him. This is the famous segulah of the Nefesh Hachaim, as he says:

 

ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื ืคืœืื”, ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืขืฉื• ืฉื•ื ืจื•ืฉื ื›ืœืœ – ื›ืฉื”ืื“ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื• ืœืืžืจ: ื”ืœื ื”’ ื”ื•ื ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื‘ื“ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื•ื ื›ื— ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

 

Incidentally, I was once in the airport and I saw a family going through customs with many suitcases, all of which had papers taped on with the words โ€œEin od milvado.โ€ I suppose itโ€™s a good thing the customs officials were unaware of this segulah of Rav Chaim Volozhiner.

 

In any event, for a person who truly believes that everything is from the Eibishter, thereโ€™s no difference between teva and nes, because to Hashem what difference is there? He can cause vinegar to burn just as He causes oil to burn. Teva is simply a nes thatโ€™s hidden; what we consider a โ€œrealโ€ nes is an obvious nes.

 

The Ishbitzer Rebbe, in his sefer Mei Hashiloach, says that the idea that all of a personโ€™s intellect and achievements come from the Eibishter was a lesson taught by the Mishkan. When Klal Yisrael built the Mishkan, each individual had his own task in the construction: one person sewed the yerios, one person worked on the shulchan, another created the kerashim. At the end, they put all of their work together magnificently, and all of the sudden they looked back and realized that this had all been orchestrated by Hakadosh Baruch Hu. There was a plan here: each person had to do his individual work, and in the end everything fit together. Accordingly, no one felt superior to anyone else; there was no difference between the person who made the aron and the person who crafted the pegs for the chatzer. Each person did his part.

 

The Ishbitzer cites an astounding Gemara in Sotah (40), which states that Rโ€™ Avahu said that he originally thought that he was humble โ€“ until he saw the humility of Rโ€™ Abba. What was the humility of Rโ€™ Avahu? The Gemara explains that he had a meturgeman who used to listen to him and then repeat his drashah to the public. Once, the wife of Rโ€™ Avahuโ€™s meturgeman told Rโ€™ Avahuโ€™s wife, โ€œYou should know that my husband, the meturgeman, doesnโ€™t need your husband โ€“ he knows the Torah himself and could teach it on his own. He only bends over to hear your husband and repeats his words to honor him.โ€

 

Disturbed, Rabbi Avahuโ€™s wife repeated this to her husband, and he responded, โ€œWhat difference does it make to you who is giving the drashah? Either way, Hashem is being exalted.โ€ In the words of the Gemara: ื•ืžืื™ ื ืคืงื ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื ื”, ืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืžื ื™ื” ื™ืชืงืœืก ืขื™ืœืื”.

 

From the Mishkan we learn that it makes no difference whoโ€™s doing what, and who has a bigger part and who has a smaller part, as long as weโ€™re all working toward the same goal of kevod Shomayim. When a person realizes that itโ€™s not about him, or his kavod, or his

ื›ึผึนื—ึดื™ ื•ึฐืขึนืฆึถื ื™ึธื“ึดื™, and understands that heโ€™s just a small pawn carrying out the task assigned to him as part of a tzibbur of people trying to do Hashemโ€™s will, that brings the Shechinah down to Klal Yisrael.

 

That is also the meaning of anavah. Moshe Rabbeinu, the anav mikol adam, epitomized the attitude of: ื•ืžืื™ ื ืคืงื ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื ื”, ืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืžื ื™ื” ื™ืชืงืœืก ืขื™ืœืื” โ€“ whatโ€™s the difference if I do it or you do it? Either way, itโ€™s the Eibishter doing it, and all weโ€™re trying to do is bring about kevod Shomayim. And that was why the miracle of the Mishkanโ€™s construction came about through him.

 

No Zich

Rav Shimon Shkop, in his hakdamah, explains that Hakadosh Baruch Hu instilled in people the trait of self-love, which gives rise to a sense of โ€œzich.โ€ Indeed, the Gemara states that a person would rather have a small amount of something he worked for than a large amount of something given to him for free: ืจื•ืฆื” ืื“ื ื‘ืงื‘ ืฉืœื• ืžืชืฉืขื” ืงื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื•. This self-love, says Rav Shimon, has the potential to cause a person to deny Hashemโ€™s existence, or to lose some of his emunah. Letโ€™s say a wealthy person believes fully that everything he has is from Hashem, and nothing is really his. That turns him into a pauper! Since a person has this innate tendency toward self-love, he has a need to feel that he does matter. Therefore, a wealthy person will naturally feel that his wealth is his, and that he earned it through his own talents and effort. Sure, he might acknowledge that Hakadosh Baruch Hu is helping him, but unless he credits himself with the good ideas and smart choices that led to his becoming wealthy, he wonโ€™t feel that his wealth is really his โ€“ and, as the Gemara teaches, a person doesnโ€™t want to feel that heโ€™s feeding off someone else and getting something for free. Likewise, if a smart person realizes that all his brains come from the Eibishter, suddenly heโ€™s not a chacham anymore. Heโ€™s a nobody, except that Hashem stored some wisdom on the disk in his head.

 

No person wants to feel that way, and therefore, the middah of self-love prompts a person to take credit for his own abilities and achievements, which automatically lessens his recognition that ein od milvado.

 

Once we understand the root of what drives us away from internalizing the reality of ein od milvado, we can work on ourselves to realize that everything we have really does come from Hakadosh Baruch Hu, despite the prevailing illusion that itโ€™s us, or that itโ€™s teva. We are programmed to want to believe that itโ€™s ื›ึผึนื—ึดื™ ื•ึฐืขึนืฆึถื ื™ึธื“ึดื™, but we have to remind ourselves constantly that whether weโ€™re the ones to do something, or someone else is, our goal should be that ืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืžื ื™ื” ื™ืชืงืœืก ืขื™ืœืื”.

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