ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโl
ืื ืชืืจืื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืื (ื, ืื)
ืจืฉ”ื: ืืืืจ โ ืืื, ืื ืชืืจืื ืืืคืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืื.
ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืื “ืืฆืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืช ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื”. ืืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืขื ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืืืื, (ืขืืื ืื”ื ืื”ื ืงืื, ืื) ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉื “ืืืืจ ืืื” – ื”ืืื ืฉืื” ืฆืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืื, ืืืชืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืจืื, ืืขืืฉืื ืืจืื ืขื ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฆืืืื.
ืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื, ืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ืฉืชืฆื ืืื ืืจืื ืืขื ืืฉืจืื. [ืืขืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืก”ื: “ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืงืื ืคืช”ื” ืืืืจ ืฉืฆืจืื ืืื ืืืชื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืคื “ืืื”].
ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ื ืื”ืข ื”ื ืืกืืื ืชืจืฆ”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
ืืืืงื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืจ ืื ืกื ืืื”ืจ ืืืคืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื, ื ืื ืก ืืืงืจื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืฉืืืช ืคืื ืืื’ ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืฉืื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ื.
ืืืืืขื ืืช ืืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืงืฉื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืจืืื ื, ืฆืืื ืืจื ืืืจื”ื ืืฆ”ื ืืช ืืืจื ืืจืื”ื (ืฉืืื ื ืคืจืงืื ืค”ื) ืขื ืืืฉื ื “ืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื” (ืืืืช ืค”ื ื”ื) ืฉืื ืฉืืฉื ืื ืขืืฉื ืืชย ืฉืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืืฉ ืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื. ืืืืกืืฃ: ืืจืืจ ืฉืื ืฉืขืืกืง ืืืืืงืช ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืฉ ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืขื ืืฉืจืื.
ืจืืื ื ืฉืืข ืืืช ืื ืื ื ืื ืื ืขืืืงื ืืขืืืง ืืืื. ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืขื ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืงืฉื ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืง’.
ืืฉืื ืืืจื”ื ืืฆ”ื: ืชืืจื ื ืงื ืืช ืืืืกืืจืื, ืืื ืจืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืกืจ ืืชืืจื. ืืืจืืจ ืฉืืืืงื ืืงืื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืืช ืืืจ ืืืขืืืจื, ืืืืงื ืืื ืืคืจืืข ืืืฆื”ืจ, ืฉืื ืกื ืืื ืืจื ืืืคืจืืข.
ืืื ื ืคืฉื
ย
ืืืจืื ืฉื ืฉื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืฉืื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ื ืืืืื ืืขืื ‘ืืืืืืื ืืืืืืืจื’ ืฉืืชืงืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืงื’ ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉ ืชืืื ืชืฉืค”ื
ืืขืืืจ ืืืฉืืืช ืืืจ ืืืจืืฉืืื, ืืฉ ืฉื ืืจืื ืืจืื ืืฉื ืื ื ืชืืจื, ืืจืื ืืจืื ืืจืื ืืฉื, ืืืคืื ืฉืขืืกืงืื ืืชืืจื.
ืื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืื ืฉืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืขืกืง ืืชืืจื ืืืืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืขืืืจ, ืืื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืืืื, ืืฉืฉืืจ ืื ืืคืกืื ืืืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื, ืื ืขืกืง ืืชืืจื ืฉื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืืกืง ืืืฉ ืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืช ืฉื ืขืกืง ืืชืืจื.
ืขืกืง ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื. ืื ืืืืืช, ืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืจืื.
ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืชืืจื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื. ืืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื, ืืืชืจ ืืืกืฃ, ืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืฉ, ืฉืืืืช ืื ืืช ืืืืฉืคืื, ืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื – ืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื.
ืื ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืคืจื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืจ.
ืืฉืืืช ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืงืื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืจืช ืืฉื, ืืื ืืฉืืจืฉืื, ืืืืืกืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืช ืืืจ, ืจืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืคืื ืงื ืขืืื ืืฉืืื, ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ, ืืขืื ืืขืื ืืขืื, ืืื ืขืืฉืื, ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืืื, ืืจื ืคืื ืงื, ืฉืื ืื ืขืืกืงืื ืืืกืืจืืช ื ืคืฉ ืืืจืืฆืช ืชืืจื, ืืจืืฆืช ืชืืจื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื, ืืืคืื ืขืืกืงืื ืฉื ืืชืืจื!
ืื ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืชืืืืื ืืืกืคื, ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื, ืขืืื ืืื ืืืืืื, ืขืืื ืืื ืื ืขืื ืืืชืจ, ืืื ืื ื ืืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื, ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืืืื.
ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืจืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืจ ืืขืืจืช ืืฉื, ืฉื ืฉืืข ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืืขืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ื ืฉื
ื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืื”ื ืืืื”ื
ืืชื ืืจื”ื ืงื”ื ื”ื ืืืคืืื ืืื”ื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืคืื ืืื ืืชืคืืช ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืืืื”ื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืช ืื”ื ืืื’ ืืื”ื ื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืคืื ืืื ืืื”ื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืคืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืืคืืื ืืฉืืจืืช.
ืืื ื ืื ืืืื ื ”ื ืืื ืืื”ื ืืืจ ืืืจืืื ืืืขื ืืื ืื ืืข’ ืื”ื. ืืืจื”ื ืืชื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืจืืืื ืืฉืืื. ืืืืืจื”ื ืกืืฃ ืื’ ืื”ื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืกืคืจ ืืจ”ืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจื”ื ืืื ื ”ื ืืฉืืจืืช, ืืืชื ืืจ”ืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืข ืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืื ืขืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื. ืืืื ืืชื ืืจื”ื ืื ”ื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืืืื”ื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืช ืื”ื.
ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืขื ืื ”ื ืืื”ื ืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืืื ืืืคืจื, ืืืืื ืื”ื ืงื”ื ืงืก”ื. (ืืข”ืข ืฉืข”ืช ืฉ”ื ื’ ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืืื ืื”ื ืืกืขืืื ืืื”ื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืช ืืืคืจื, ืืืขืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืืขืจื ืื”ื, ืืื ืืกืืจืช ืืืืืฉ). ืืืคื ืืจื”ื ืืื’ ืืื ืืขื ืฉืืื ืืืงื ืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช, ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื”ื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ”ื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืจืืช. ืืืจื”ื ืืชื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืคืื ืื ืขืืื, ืืืื’ ืคืฉืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืช ืืคืจื ืื”ืฉ ืืืืืฉ. ืืข”ืข ืฉื”ืช ื”ืก ืื”ื ืกืืก”ื ื”ื ืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืฉืืฉ ื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืกืฃ ืื ืขืืื (ืืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืจืื ื’ ืคืขืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ื ”ื ืื’ ืชืคืืืช).
ืืืขื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืคืื ืื ืขืืื, ืคื’ ืื”ื ืื”ืจ ืชืจื”ื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืคืขืืื ื ืืฉื ืกืืื ืืชืคืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืคืืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืคืื ืืฉืื ืคืขื. ืืืฉืขื”ืฆ ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืชื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืคืื. ืืืืช ืืื ืืื ื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ”ื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื”ื, ืืื ืืจื”ื ืงื”ื ืืฉืืข ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืืื ืื ืืื, ืืืคืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ื ”ื ืืฉืืจืืช ื”ื ืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ื ”ื ืื ืขืืื, ืืืื ืข”ื ืืืขื ืื”ืฉ ืื”ื ืื”ืจ. ืืื ืืคืืจืฉ ืื”ื ืชืจ”ื ืฉืืืื ืืก’ ืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ื ”ื ืืฉืืจืืช, ืืืกื’ ืชืจื”ื ืืืื ืื”ื ืืก’ ืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ”ื ืื ืขืืื, ืืข”ื ืื ”ื.
(ืืืขืืงืจ ืืืจื ืืืจ”ื ืืจื ืื ื ืชื ืืขื ืืืื ืืื ื ”ื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื”ื, ืืืจื”ื ืืกื’ ืงื”ื ื”ื ืื ื ืชื ืืขื ืืื, ืืงืฆ”ืข ืืืืจ”ื ืชืื ืชื ืื ืืืื ืชื ืื).
ืืขื”ืค ืืืืืจ ืืจื”ื ืื ”ื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ”ื ืื ืืื”ื ืื ืขืืื, ืืื”ื ืื”ืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืขื ืืงืืืืช ืฉืืื ื ”ื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืคืขืืื ื ืืฉื ืกืืื ืืชืคืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืคืืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืคืื ืืฉืื ืคืขื. ืืืื ืืื’ ืืื ื ”ื ืืื ื”ื ืืื”ื. ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืื ื”ื ืฉืืฉ ื ”ื ืื ืขืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ื”ื ืืื”ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื”ื ื ืืื ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ื ”ื ืื ืขืืื ืื ืืื”ื.
ืืข’ ื”ื ืจืืฉ ืชืจื”ื ืืืื”ื ืกืืฃ ืฉืืืชืช ืขืฉืืจ ืขื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืืจ ืคืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืื”ืข ืืื ืืืกืคืืง ื ”ื ืืคื ื ืืืืื (ืืข”ืฉ ื”ื ืืืืื ืืืคืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืจืืื, ืืืืื ื ืืื”ื ืฉืจืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืชืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืืื)
ืืข’ ื”ื ืืื”ื ืืืืจื”ื ืืชืืจ ื ”ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืงืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืจืื ืืืื. ืืืชื ื”ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ”ื.
ืืืจ ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฆืืง"ื
Hagaon Harav Refoel Partzovitz Shlita
ืืืืช ืืืจื, ืฉืืื ืืืชืื ืืืจื ืืขืจืื ืขื ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืฉืช ืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ื ืืชืืจื ืืืชืืื ื ืืช ืขืืืงื ืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืื, ืื ื ืจืื ืื “ืืกืคื” ืขื ืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืจ, ืื ืืืกืคื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืคืืจ, ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื, ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืกืคืื ืืฉืจื ืืืืืืชื ืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืื ืืืช. ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืกืคื ืืืื ืืืื.
ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืจืื ืืจืฉืื ืืฆ”ื ืืืฉื ืชื ืืืชืืจืชื ืฉืื ืืื ืืชืืืืืื ืจืืืช ืืฉื ืื, ืื ืืืื ืฉืืขืฆื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ื ืขืืื ืฉืืืืช ืื “ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื”, ืื ืืขืชื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืื. ืื ืืขืฆื ืืฆืืืืชื ืืืื ืืช ืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืืจืืืช, ืืืืืชืจ ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืฉืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื.
ืืื ื ืืื”ื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืืื, ืืื ื ืืฉื ืกืชืืง ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื ืืจื ืืช ื”ืืืืืื” ืฉื ืชืืจืชื ื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืขืืจืช ืืชืืื ืืกืคืจืื, ืื ืืืฆื ื ืงืืื ืขืื ืืช “ืืืืื ืฉืืืฉื”, ืืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืืื”ื ืขื ืืืกืฃ “ืฉื ืจืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืืงื ื ืฉื ืืืื”, ืื ืจืื ืฉื”ืืืืช ืืืืงื ื ืฉื ืืืื” ืืื ืืืืจ “ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉื”, ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืืขืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืงื ื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืจื, ืืืืืืช ืืคื ื”ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื”.
ืืื ื ืืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืืืชืืื ื ืืืืฉืืื ืฉืืืข ืจืื ืืจืฉืื ืืฆ”ื ืืขืืืื ื, ืื ืืฉ ืืืขืช ืฉืืจืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืงืจ, ืื ืขืฆื ืื ืฉืจืืื ื ืืขืื ืื ื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืืช ืืืจื, ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืฉืื ืงืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืืข ืฉื ‘ืืืื ืงืืืืื’, ืื ืืขืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื, ืืืงืืืฉ ืฉืขืืช ืจืืืช ืืืงืจืืช ืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื. ืืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืชืืจื ืืืงืจ ืื ืื ืจืืข, ืืืจื ืืจืืจ ืื ื ืชืืื ืฉืื ืืืกืื ืืขืช ืืืืจื ืชืืจื, ืืจื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืงืื ื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืงืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืืฆื ืื ืืืงืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื. ืืื ืืฉืจืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืฉื ืคืฉืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืช, ืืขืชื ืฉืื ื ืืงืง ืื ื ืืืืฉื ืืืื ืืคืฉืื ืืคื ืืขืื ืืคื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื. ืืืืืืช ืืจืืื ื ืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืช ืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืืช ื’.
ืืื ืืืื ืข”ื ืืืืจ ื’ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืื ืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื, ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ื”ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื”, ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืจ, ืืขื’ ืืื”ื. ืืืคืฉืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉ ืฉืืืืื ืจืฆืืคืื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืื, ืืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืื, ืื ืื ืจืื ืฉืกืืฃ ืกืืฃ ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืชืืื ืืื. ืืข”ื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืื, ืฉืื ื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื, ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืช ืง’ ืืืช ื’ ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื.
ืืืจื ืื ืื’ ืืคืื ืื ืืืืื, ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื “ืืคื ืืืขื” ืืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืชื, ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืืื’ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืฉ, ืื ืืืืืจื ืื’ ืืงืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืกืืช ืืงืคืืฅ ืืืขืฉืืช ืืขืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืืชืืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื. ืืื ืื ืชืืจืช ืจืื ืืจืฉืื, ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื. ืืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ, ืืื ืจืื ืื”ื ืืื ืืชืืืื ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืื ืขืื ื, ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื [ืืื’ ืื ืกืขืืฃ ืืืขืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฉื ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื ืืฆ”ื]. ืืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืจ ืฉืขืื ืืื ืื’ ืืชืืจืช ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื, ืื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืช ืื ืืืชื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืื, ืื’ ืืฉืชืืื ืืืชืคืขื ืืืืืข ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืงื ืื, ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื, ืขื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืขืืจืื ืงืืืขืื, ืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืืื ืฉืื, ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืงืืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืื. ืืืืจืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืกืื ืืืืืชื, ืฉืื ืืื “ืืืืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืคืืืืช ืืื ื” ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืืงืื, ืืจืง ืฉืืืง ืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืขืฆืื ืขืื ืื ืชืขืื ืืืืจืื ืขืืืืืช.
ืืืืขืืืง ืื’ ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืงื ื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฉืืืชื, ืฉืื ืื’ ืืืฉืคืข ืืืชืคืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืจืขืืช ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืืฉืื, ืืื ืื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืคืืขืื ืื ื ืืื, ืื ืืื ืื ืืื “ืืืฉืคืข” ืืื, ืืื’ ืืืื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืื ืฉืืืจื ืื”ื ืขื ืืืกืฃ ืืฆืืืง “ืืืกืฃ ืื’ ืืืฆืจืื”, ืืืจืฉ”ื: ืืืืืืข ืฆืืงืชื ืฉื ืืืกืฃ, ืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืจืืขื ืืช ืฆืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืกืฃ ืฉืื’ ืืืฆืจืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฆืืงื. ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื”ื ื ืจืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืื’ ืืฉืชื ื ืืืืฉืคืข ืืฉืื ืืฆื, ืืื’ ืฉืื ืืขืื ืื ืขืช ืฉืื’ ืจืืขื ืฆืื ืืขืช ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื.
ืืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืืขืื ืื ืืฉ”ื ืื”ื ืขื ืืขืงื ืืืื ื, ื ืืืจ “ืืืืืชืจ ืืขืงื ืืืื”, ืืงื”ื ืืชืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ื’ ืืืื, ืืฃ ืืขืงื ืืืืืชืจ ืืขืงื ืืืื, (ืืขื’ ืื’ ืจืืื ื ืืจืืื ืืฆ”ื ืื”ื) ืืขื ืื “ืืืื” ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืง ืืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืขืืืชืื ืื ืื ืืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืขืืืชืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืฉื ืขืฆืื, (ืืืืฉืื ืื”ื ืขื ืืืงื ื (ืจืืฉ ืฉืืืื) ืืื ืขืืืืื ืื ืื’ ืืื ืืฉื ืขืฆืื) ืืื ืืขืืชืื ืืขืงืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืขืชื, ืืืคื’ ืื ืืื’ ืืืืื ืช ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ, ืืืื ืื ืื’ ืืขืืช ืืืจืื ืฉื ืงืจื “ืืืจืื ืืขืืจื”, ืืื ืืืฉ ืื’ ืืืจืืืช ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื ืืฆ”ื, ืฉืื’ ืืขืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืขื ืืขืงื ืืืืืชืจ ืืขืงื “ืืืื”, ืื ืื’ “ืืืื” ืืืขืืชืื ืืืื ืืืชื, ืืื ืื’ “ืืืฉืคืข” ืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉืืคื’ ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ.
ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืืจืขืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืขื ืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืืจืื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืชืจ, ืืื ืืฉืื’ ื ืจืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืชืจ ืขื ืขืชืื ืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืืืจ ืฉืื, ืืืขืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืืื ืืช ืขืฆื ืงืืืื, ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืื, ืืืืื ืขื ืืจื ืืืืชืืจ ืืคื’ ืืืงืื ืฉื ืจืื ืฆื ืืคืกื ืืืื, ืืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืขืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืจื, ืืื ืืื “ืืืื” ืืื ื ืืชืคืขื ืืืขืืช ืืืจืืช ืืืงืืืืืช, ืื ืฉืช ืืื ื”ืื ืืืืจื”, ืืืืจืื ื’ ืขืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืขืฉื ืืฆืืื.
ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืืืืง, ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื, ืืืืจ ืขืฉืจืืช ืืฉื ืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืกืจ, ืขื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืื’ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืื, ืืืื ืจ’ ืืจืฉืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ, ืืื ืืืืืช ืขืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืืืกืจ ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืืจืื, ืืืื ืืื “ืืืฉืคืข” ืืืื ืฉื ืืืฉื ืื ืืืืกืจ, ืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ื ืืืฉืคืข ืืื.
ืืจื ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืฉืื”ื ืืืข”ืง ื”ื ื’ ืขื ืืฉ”ื “ืืื ืฉืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืื ืขืืื ื ืืขืฆื ื” ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ืื’ ืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืืขืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฅ, ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื’ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืช ืืืืช, ืฉืื’ ืื ืื “ืขืืื ื” โ ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืื’ ืื ืื “ืืขืฆื ื” ืฉืื’ ืืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฅ, ืืื ืื’ ืืืืจืชื, ืฉืืฉืื’ ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉื “ืืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฅ” ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืืขืช, ืืืฉืื’ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉื “ืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืืขืช”, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืขื ืขืฆืื. ืืื ื ืื ืื’ ืจืื ืืจืฉืื ืืฆ”ื, ืฉืื’ ืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืื, ืืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืฉืืจืืื ืืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืืขืช, ืืื ืื’ ืื ืืืื, ืขื ืฉืืขืฉืจืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืืช, ืืฉืืืจื ืื’ ืฆืจืื ืื, ื ืชืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืขืื ืืืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฅ, ืื ืื’ ืืขืืื ื ืืขืฆื ื, ืฉืืฉืื’ ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ืื’ ืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืืขืช, ืืืฉืื’ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืื’ ืืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฅ, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืืืช, ืื ื ืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืงื ื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืงืืืงืืืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืจืฆืื ืงืื ื ื ืืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืืืืจื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant Shlita
A New View of Self
Parashas Nasso
Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant shlita
At the end of the nazirโs term of nezirus, he must come to the Ohel Moed and bring a korban, as the passuk says, ืึฐืึนืืช ืชึผืึนืจึทืช ืึทื ึธึผืึดืืจ ืึฐึผืืึนื ืึฐืึนืืช ืึฐืึตื ื ึดืึฐืจืึน ืึธืึดืื ืึนืชืึน ืึถื ืคึถึผืชึทื ืึนืึถื ืืึนืขึตื. Noting the unusual wording ืึธืึดืื ืึนืชืึน, Rashi comments, ืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื โ he will bring himself. How does a person bring himself? Why didnโt the passuk simply say, ืึธืืึนืึน โ he will come to the Ohel Moed, rather than saying that he will bring himself?
The Meshech Chochmah offers a remarkable insight. A person becomes a nazir, he says, because he is struggling with some desire and wants to achieve a certain level of sanctity or overcome a particular tendency. But for how long should a person be a nazir? Now, the basic term of nezirus is 30 days, but thatโs not written explicitly in the Torah; itโs derived from a derashah. According to the Meshech Chochmah, there is a different way of gauging when a personโs term of nezirus has accomplished its goal. As long as a person identifies with his desires and negative middos, he and his yetzer hara are one. The purpose of his nezirus is achieved when he is able to view himself in third person, and see himself from the outside, driving a wedge between himself and his yetzer hara and recognizing that there is something to him besides his yetzer hara.
In this vein, Rav Wolbe writes that a person is not merely a collection of desires, impulses, and bad middos; there is also a part of us that is pure and holy.
When a person is able to separate himself from his base tendencies, even if he hasnโt yet managed to rectify those tendencies, then he is capable of ืึธืึดืื ืึนืชืึน โ bringing himself, as a third party, and then he has achieved the goal of nezirus. He may not have worked through all his problems yet, but that is not the purpose of nezirus. Nezirus is meant to bring a person to a point where he can look at himself from the outside and understand that thereโs my yetzer hara, and thereโs me. I exist over and beyond my desires and urges.
But even when a person undertakes a small kabbalah of a 30-day nezirus, he has already driven a wedge between himself and his yetzer hara. He has identified that thereโs something to him more than his yetzer hara.
Whoโs Doing the Bringing?
The Sforno offers a similar explanation of the concept of ืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื, noting first that in a number of situations, the Torah stresses that a person does not bring himself. Regarding the sotah, the Torah says, ืึฐืึตืึดืื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึถืช ืึดืฉึฐืืชึผืึน ืึถื ืึทืึนึผืึตื โ the husband brings his wife to the Kohen. Regarding a metzora, the Torah says ืึฐืืึผืึธื ืึถื ืึทืึนึผืึตื โ he will be brought to the Kohen. And regarding an eved ivri whose ear is pierced, the Torah says, ืึฐืึดืึดึผืืฉืืึน ืึฒืึนื ึธืื โ his master brings him. Why canโt these people go themselves? Canโt the metzora order a taxi and go to the Kohen? Why does he have to be brought?
The Sforno explains this with the principle that โa prisoner cannot free himself from prison.โ When a person falls into some sort of spiritual rut and wants to extricate himself from that state, he cannot climb out of it alone. In order to experience a renewal, he needs to be helped by someone whoโs in a better spiritul state than he is. The metzora, the sotah, and the eved must be brought by someone else, because they canโt get out of their lowly state by themselves.
The nazir, however, is different. The Torah stresses that he can bring himself. Why? The Sforno says something incredible: ืืื ื ืื ืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืคื ืืืืฉ ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื. The nazir transforms himself into a completely different person, so there is no person more qualified than he to bring him to the Beis Hamikdash.
The Sfornoโs insight is similar to that of the Meshech Chochmah, because he is saying that ืึธืึดืื ืึนืชืึน means that the new you is bringing the old you, which is also a form of looking at yourself as a third party.
Whatโs striking is that the amount of time it takes to become a different person does not have to be not very significant. The basic term of nezirus is 30 days, and all it involves is a small kabbalah: not drinking wine, not cutting any hair, not becoming tamei meis.
The Baal Haturim makes an astounding statement. He says the reason that a nazir may not visit a cemetery is that since he is holy, he might just receive ruach hakodesh while in the cemetery, and then it will appear as though he is dover el hameisim, communicating with the dead.
All the nazir did was commit to a relatively minor, 30-day undertaking โ yet that suffices for him to become a candidate for ruach hakodesh. And, as the Sforno says, such a person is already an ish acher.
The Pinnacle of Nezirus
The concept described by the Sforno and Meshech Chochmah is actually expressed clearly in the Gemaraโs account (Nedarim 9) of the one time Shimon Hatzaddik ate from the korban of a nazir. This nazir was unusually handsome. When Shimon Hatzaddik asked him why he had become a nazir, he explained that he was a shepherd for his father, and when he went to draw water from the spring, he saw his reflection in the water, and the yetzer hara jumped on him and tempted him to sin. โI told the yetzer hara, โRasha! Why are you mixing in and haughtily claiming a world thatโs not yours?โ
Itโs not clear exactly what about this nazirโs narrative spurred Shimon Hatzaddik to eat from his korban, but the Pachad Yitzchok points to a very telling aspect of the story. When this nazir saw his reflection in the water, his yetzer hara threatened to engulf him, and he responded by addressing his yetzer hara: โRasha!โ But it was he who saw his reflection and felt tempted by his yetzer hara, so really he should have been addressing himself! Why was he addressing the yetzer hara as an outsider?
This nazir came to an incredible realization: The yetzer hara IS an outsider. He was talking to himself, but addressing the yetzer hara part of himself as a third party: Thereโs me, and thereโs my yetzer hara. He identified the force that was causing him to experience temptation as the yetzer hara, and he was able to address the yetzer hara as something external to himself, driving a wedge between himself and the yetzer hara. When a person is able to speak to the yetzer hara as an outsider, it means he has the awareness that not everything he thinks he wants is really what he wants; it might just be the yetzer haraโs convincing him that he wants it.
Understanding that thereโs me, and thereโs my yetzer hara, is precisely the goal of becoming a nazir, so this nazir achieved the true purpose of nezirus. He became an ish acher, viewing himself as a pure, holy individual, not merely a collection of desires and bad middos.
Even if a person hasnโt yet managed to fix all his negative tendencies, the ability to recognize that he exists independently of the yetzer hara represents the pinnacle of nezirus: ืึธืึดืื ืึนืชืึน.
Gut Shabbos.