ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโl
ืืืืืจ ืคืจืขื ืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืจื ืืืืืข ืืืงืื ืืืชื ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืชื ืชืืื ืขื ืืืชื ืืขื ืคืื ืืฉืง ืื ืขืื (ืื, ืื-ื)
ืืืืจ ืชืืื ืืืืชืจ, ืคืจืขื ืืื ืืฆืจืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ, ืืืฆื ืืกืจ ืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืจ, ืืฉืจ ืื ืขืชื ืืฆื ืืืืช ืืกืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืฉืืืืื ืืขืื ืฉืคื, ืืืืช ืขืื ืืืืจ ืฉืฉืจ ืืืฉืงืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจ ืจืข ืขื ืืืกืฃ ืืืืืจื (ืคืกืืง ืื) “ืืฉื ืืชื ื, ื ืขืจ, ืขืื, ืขืืจื”, ืืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืจืื ืคืจืขื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืื ืืืืืชื ืืคืชืืจ ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืืฉื ืขื ืื ืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื?
ืืืืจ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื, ืืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืคืจืขื ืืืืกืฃ “ืืื ื ืฉืืขืชื ืขืืื ืืืืจ ืชืฉืืข ืืืื ืืคืชืืจ ืืืชื”, ืขื ืื ืืืกืฃ “ืืืขืื – ืืืงืื ืืขื ื ืืช ืฉืืื ืคืจืขื”, ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื: “ืืืขืื – ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื, ืืื ืืืงืื ืืขื ื – ืืชื ืขื ืื ืืคื ืืฉืืื ืคืจืขื”.
ืืื ืกืื ืืืืจ: “ืืืขืื!”, ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื! ืืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืืื. ืืืกืฃ ืืื ื ืืืงื ืืขืฆืื ืืฃ ืงืืฆืืฅ ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืื, ืืืฉืขื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืืชื ืืขืฆืืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืืืืืช, ืขืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืฆืืืง ืืืกืืง ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืขืื “ืืืขืื!”
ืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืคืจืขื ืืืืกืฃ ืื ืืื ื ื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืฆืื, ืืืืืจ “ืืืขืื – ืืืงืื ืืขื ื ืืช ืฉืืื ืคืจืขื”, ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืืืกืฃ, ืืืฃ ืืื ืจืฉืข ืืคืจืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช. ืืคืืื ืืืื ืฉืขื ืืืฉ ืืื ื ืืชื ืืกืืื, ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืจืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืช ืืฉืืืื ืขื ืื ืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฆื ืื ืฉืจืืื ืืื. ืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืื ืืงืืช ืืขืฆืื, ืขืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื, ืืืื ื ื ื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื, ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืช.
ืืืื ื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืื ืืขืช ืืืืชื ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืืฆืจืื, ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืขื ืืืืืืชื ืืื ื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืืจื ืื”ื (ืืืจืฉ ืื ืืชืืื, ืคืืกืงื ื) ืฉืืืืื ืฉืงืืืฅ ืืืกืฃ ืืฆืืืง ืืืื ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืขืืืงื ืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ื ืชื ื ืืืืช ืคืจืขื, ืืื ื ืชื ืืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืืฉื ืืกืฃ, ืืืคื ื ืื? ืฉืขืฉื ืืืืื ื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืื, ืื) “ืืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืชื ืคืจืขื”.
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโl
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ื’ ืืืช ืชืฉื”ื
ืจ’ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืขืฉื ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืขืฉืื. ืืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืจืืืื ืืืจ ืื ืคืขื: “ืื ืจืง ืืืืืชื ืืืืชื ืืืจ ืงื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืช…”.
ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืฉืช ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉื ืืื ืฉืขืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืื ื ืืงืื ืฉืืื ื”ืืืคืืจืื”. ืจ’ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืช ืืืขืฉื, ืืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืืจ, ื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืืื. ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืื ืจ’ ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืืฉืช ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืคืื, ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืฉืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืชืขื ืืื ืืืืจืื. ืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืคื โ ืขืฉื.
ืืช ืืืืจืืชืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืื ืขืืืฃ ืืขืฆืื. ืืช ืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืคืขืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืืืงื ืืืชื ืืฉืืง ืืฆื ืืืจืืื. ืคืขื ืืืื ืืช ืืชื ืืฉืืง ืขื ืืืจืชื ืฉืืชืืืจืจื ืืืืช ืฉืคืชื ืืฆืจื ืคื ื ืืจืืื. ืจ’ ืืืื ืืฉืฉ ืฉืื ืชืฆื ืืงืื ื ืื ืืืืืฉ. ืชืื ืฉืืืจืช ืงืฉืจ ืจืืื ืขื ืคืชื ืืืฆืจ, ืกืจ ืืฉืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืืช ืื ืชืืืฉ ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืฉืืงื, ืืฉืขื ืืจืืื ืขืกืง ืืกืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืขืช ืืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืชื.
ืจ’ ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืคืฉืืืช ืืืคืืคื ืืืช. ืืื ืชืืืืืื ืืฉืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืฉืืื ืงืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืชืืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ืืื-ืืื. ืืืข ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืก ืืืืฆื ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืื ืืืื, ืืชืจืื ืืจืืืืืช ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืก ืื. ืืืื ืืคื’ ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืขืื, ืชืืืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืคืื, ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืจืืชื ืืืจืืชื ืืช ืืืืืชื, ืืืจืืช ืืงืืจืื ืืืชืจื ืืคืฉืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืื ืคืืื. ืืืืืืช ืฉืฉืคืขื ืืื ื ืชืืืจ ืืื ืืฆื, ืืืคืืื ืขื ืคื ื ื ืืืืช ืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืืชื ืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืข ืืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืจืืช ืืืืืืช.
ืื ืืื ืขื’ ืง’
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืืงืฅ
ืืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืชื
ืืชืื ืืืงื ืืืชื ืืช ืฉืืขืื ืืคื’ ืจืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืื ืฉืืจืฆื, ืื ืืกืืจ ืืืกืืจ ื’ ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืฉืืขืื.
ืืื ื ืืฆืื ื ืืืฉื ื ืชืจืืืืช ืกืืค”ื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจื ืืื ืขืื”ื ืชื ื ืื ื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืกืจื ืืื ื ืคืฉ ืืืช ืืืฉืจืื. ืืฉื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืกืืขืช ืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืขืื”ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืชื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืจืืื ืื ืืืกืจื ื ืคืฉ ืืืช ืืืฉืจืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืข ืื ืืืจื (ืฉืืืื ื’ ื’) ืืืกืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื, ืืืจ ืจ”ื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืข ืื ืืืจื, ืืจ’ ืืืื ื ืืืจ ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืชื.
ืื ืืฆื ืืืจื ืจ’ ืืืื ื”ืฉย ืืคื ืจ’ ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ืจ”ื. ืืข’ ืืืืจื ืกื ื’ ืข”ื ืคืกืง ืืจ’ ืืืื ื ืื”ื ืืื ”ื ืจืฆ”ื ื”ื ืืืขืช ืืืื ืื ืฉื, ืืื ืืจืื”ื ืค”ื ืืืกืืื”ืช ื”ื ืคืกืง ืืจ”ื ืื”ื ืื”ื ืืื”ื. (ืืืขืืงืจ ืืืจืขืช ืืจืื”ื ืข’ ื ืืื”ืช ืื”ื ืข”ื ืืืืช ืืฆืืง ื”ื ืงืก”ื ื’). ืืข’ ืจื”ื ืงื ”ื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืฉืืืืช.
ืืข’ ืฆ”ืค ืฉื ืชืงืฉื ืืคื ืจ”ื ืืืคืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืกืืจ. ืืข’ ืืื”ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืฉืืื ืื ืืจืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืช ืื ืืืื ื”ื ืื ืืืจืื ืืช ืฉืืขืื ืื”ื ืืืืจืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืช ืฉืืขืื.
ืืืืก”ื ืืง’ ืขื ืจ”ื ืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืืกืจื. ืืชื’ย ืืงืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืขืฆื ืืืกืืจ ืจืฆืืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืคื ื ืคืืงืื ื ืคืฉ ืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืกืืจื ืืืื ืืืืช, ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉื ืจ’ ืฉืืขืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืืคืื ื ื”ืข ืืจืฆืืื ืืืคืื ื ืื ืจืฆืืื ืื”ืข ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืจืืืื ืืจืฆืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืจืืืื ืื”ืข.
ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืขื ืืืื ืงืืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืืืื
Hagaon Harav Refoel Partzovitz Shlita
ืืืจื ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืืืื ืืืชื ืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชื ืงืฉืืช ืืื’ (ืืจืืฉืืช ืื, ื), ืืจืื ืืืจืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืืชืืจื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื, ืืืืืืจ ืคืฉืจ ืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืขื ืืืื ืงืืื ืืชืืืืชื ืืืืื.
ืืืืืขืื ืืืจื ืืจืื”ื ืืคืกืืง ื’ ืืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืื, ืืคื’ ืฉื ืืจืื”ื, ืฉืฉืืจืฉ ืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืจืื ืฉืืืืืืืช ืื ื ืชืงืืืื ืขืืืื, ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉืขืืืื ืื ื ืชืงืืืื, ืืื ืืืชื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืืืจื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืืืช, ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืืืกืฃ, ืืืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืฉื ืชืื ื ืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืฉืชืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืงืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืงืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืฆืจ ืืฆื ืฉืืฉืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืงื, ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืชืงืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื, ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืงืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืื, ืืืื ืืืชืงืืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ื, ืืขื ืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืข, ืคืืจืฉ ืืจืื”ื ืฉืื ืจืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืชื ืืช ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืขืืื, ืืืืขืฉื ืืืืืข ืืืง ืืช ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืขื”ืฉ.
ืืฉืืขืชื ืืืืืง, ืืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืืชืืื ืชืฉืชืืืื ืืืืืืชื, ืืืื ืจืื ืืงืืื ืืืชืืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืืืืกืฃ, ืื ืื ืืฉืชืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจื ืืืื ืขืฉืจ ืืืืืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืื, ืืื ืขืฆืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืชืืืืช.
ืืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืจืื”ื, ืืืืขื ืฉืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื, ืืคื ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืชืงืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืงืืื. ืืืืจ ื ืชืงืฉื ืืืคืจืฉืื ืืืืจื ืืจืื”ื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืฉืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืื, ืืืฃ ืื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืืื, ืืืชื ืงืฉื ืื”ื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืชืงืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืจื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืื ืืื, ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืชืืื ืื, ืื”ื ื”ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืงืืืื ืืืืืืืช.
ืขืื ืฆ”ื ืืืจื ืืจืื”ื, ืืื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืืกืฃ ืฆืื ืืืืืืจ ืืกืคืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืงื, ืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืคืกืืงืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืจืื, ืืืชืื ืืคืกืืง ื”ื ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืืกืฃ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืกืฃ, ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืช ืขืฉื ืืืงืื ืื ื, ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืคืกืืง ื”ื, ืืืจืื ืืช ืฆืจืืจืืช ืืกืคืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืื, ืืืืืฉื ืืคืจืง ื”ื ืคืกืืง ื”ื, ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืืฉื ืืคื ืืืชืืืชืืื ืชืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื, ืืื”ื ืืคืกืืง ื”ื, ืืืืืจื ืขื ืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืฉื ืืืืชืืืชืื ื ืื ื ืืืืืื, ืืืชืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืืืชื ืคื ืขืืื ื ืืืงืืช ืืืชื ื ืืขืืืื, ืืื”ื ืืคืกืืง ื”ื ื”ื ืืชื ืฆืื ืขื ืขื ืื ืืืกืฃ.
ืื”ื ืฆ”ื ืื”ื ืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืช ืืืกืฃ, ืืืจื ืื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืืข ืืื ืฉืชืืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ืข”ื ืืฆืืืช ืืืกืฃ, ืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืื, ืื”ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืกืฃ.
ืื ืจืื ืฉืืฉ ืืคืจืฉ ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืืคื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืจื ืืืืืชื, ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืจื ืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืฉืขืฉื, ืฉืืชื ืืจ ืืืืื ืืืงื ืืืชื ืืช ืฉืืขืื, ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ื ืขื ืืืื ื ืืฉืจ ืจืืื ื ืฆืจืช ื ืคืฉื ืืืชืื ื ื ืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืืขื ื, ืืืคืืจืืฉ ืืกืคืืจื ื, ืฉืคืืจืฉื ืืืืื ืืช ืืชืืืืจืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืืจืืืชื, ืฉืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืกืฃ ืืฉืืชืื ื ืืืืื.
ืื”ื ืื ืืขืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืจื ืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืจืชื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืชื, ืืืืืคื ืืืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจืืจ ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืจืง ืืืจื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืจ ืืืืื, ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืขื ืืืฆืืืชื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืืืื ืฉืืืจืืจื ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืขื ืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ื ืื ืืคื ืฉื ืื.
ืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืืจื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืขืจ ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ืฉืคื’ ืืกืคืืจื ื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืื ืืืช ืขืฉื ืืืงืื ืื ื, ืฉืืชืขืืจืจื ืฉืืฉืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืชื ืขืืืื ืืงืืช ืืืชื ืืขืืืื, ืืืชืื ืืคืจืง ื”ื ืคืกืืง ื”ื, ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืืืจื ืขื ืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืฉื ืืืืชืืืชืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื’ ืืืงืืช ืืืชื ื ืืขืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืื ืขืื ืฉ ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืขืืืื, ืืฉืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืขืื.
ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ, ืฉืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืชื ืจืง ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืจืืืชื ืฉืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืกืฃ, ืืื ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืืจื, ืื ืขื ืื ืืืกืฃ ืืจื ืฉืืชืขืืจืจื ืืฉืื ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืงืืช ืืืชื ื ืืขืืืื, ืฉืจืืืื ืื ืฉื ืขื ืฉืื ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืืจื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืื, ืฉืืืงืืื ืืืชื ืืขืืืื.
ืื ืขื ืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืืจื, ืืืืจื ืืคืจืง ื”ื ืคืกืืง ื”ื, ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืืง ืืืืงืื ืืฆื ืืช ืขืืื ืขืืืื, ืื ื ื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื’, ืืืืื ื ืฉื ืขื ืฉืื ืืขืช ืขื ืืืืืจื ืฉืืืื ืื ืขืืืื, ืืืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืชื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืชืืืืช ืืืืื.
ืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉืืช ืืื ืืขื ืืืื ืขื ืืืกืฃ ืืขืืจืจ ืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืขื ืื ืืืืืจื, ืืจืืฉืืช ืืจื ืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืฉืืฉืืื ืืชืฉืืื ืืืืคื ืืืจ, ืื ืื ืข”ื ืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืืืกืฃ, ืืขืื ืืฉ ืืคืจืฉ, ืืืืกืฃ ืืจืืืฉ ืืืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืฉืื ืฉืขื ืืื ื ืืจื ืขื ืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืฃ ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืชื, ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืื, ืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื.
ืืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืชืืืจ ืฉืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืฉื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืฉ ืืืงืฉืืช ืืืจื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื”ื, ืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืข ืืืื ืืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืชืืืื, ืื”ื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืฆืจื ืืฉืื ืขืื ืฉ ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืจื ืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืข ืืฃ ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืืขืื ืฉ.
ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืฉื, ืืืขืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืืืชื ืืจืืชื ืืืขืืืืืช ืฉืืขืืื ืขืืืื, ืืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืฉืืื, ืืืฉื”ื ืืืืจื ืืืื”ื, ืืืืืจ ืืจืฆืื ืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืืจืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืืชื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืขื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื.
ืืืืฆื ืืืืืจืื, ืฉืื ืื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืชืืืื ืืขื ืกืืฃ ืืืชื ืืจืื ืฆืืงืืชื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืชื ืขืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืืชื ืืื ืืืจื ืจืืฆืืืื ืืคืืืกืื ืืื ืฉืืฅ ืฉื ืืจืื ืื, ืืืื ืื ืืจืื ืฆืืงืืชื, ืืื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืงืืื ืืชืืืืชื ืืืชื ืื ืืจืื ืฆืืงืืชื, ืฉืขืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืืืชื, ืืื ืืชืช ืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืืืืืืจื.
ืืื’ ืืืืื”ืจ ืืืจ”ื ืืฆ”ื (ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืื ื’ ืืืช) ืฉืืขืชื ืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ื, ืืืื”ื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืืืขืกืชื ืฆืจืชื ืื ืืขืก, ืืคื ืื ื ืืฉืืืชื ืงืื ื ืื ืขืืื ืืื ื, ืืืชื ืืืืจืช ืืื ื ืืชื ืชืงื ื ืื ืืช ืื ืขืืื, ืืืืชื ืืืขืืกื ืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืื, ืืืืจ ืืืืื”ืจ ืืฉืจืืืชื ืืืจื ืื”ื ืืื, ืืฉืืชื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื”ื ืืจืื ืจืฉืขืืช ืืฆืขืจ ืืืืคื ืืืืจื ืืื, ืื ืืืจ ืฉืจืืืชื ืืืจื ืื”ื ืฉืคื ืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ื ืชืืืื ื, ืืขืฉืชื ืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืื ื ืืืชืืืง ืืชืคืืื ืืขื”ื ืชืืืืฉืข, ืืฉืืชื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืจืืช ืฆืืงืืช ืืืืช, ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืคืขืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืงืฉื ืขืืื ืืื, ืขื”ื.
ืืื ืืขื ืื ืื ื ื ืืืจ, ืืืืชืจ ืฆืืงืืช ืืื ื ืืืืชื ืืจ ืขืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื, ืฉืืฃ ืฉืงืฉื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฆืขืจื, ื”ื ืขืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืืืื ืฆืืงืืช ืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืืจ ืืชืืืืชื, ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืื, ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืจื ืคืืืกืื.
ืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉืืช, ืืื ืืืืจืื ื ื”ื ืื ื ืขื ืฉ ืืืกืฃ ืขื ืฉืฆืืขืจ ืืืืื, ืืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืชื ืืฉ”ืฉ, ืืื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืฉืคื ืื ื ื ืขื ืฉื ืฉืืชื ืื ืื ืืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืชื ืืืชื ืืฉ”ืฉ, ืืืืจ ืืืืขืื ืืืจื ืืืืื”ืจ ืืฆ”ื ืฉืืืืจ ืืื, ืืขื ืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืืขืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืฉืืจืคืช, (ืืืขืืื ืืกืคืจื ืฉืืืืช ืืืกืจ ืืื), ืืฆืจืื ืืืืฉื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืจื ืืชืขืืจืจื ืข”ื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืืจื, ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืขืืช, ืืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืฆืืขืจื, ืืืื ืื ื ืขื ืฉ ืข”ื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Shmuel Friedman Shlita
Reinvigorated!
Chanukah
Harav Hagaon Shmuel Friedman Shlita
The Gemara (Shabbos 23) records a very interesting halachah regarding Chanukah: R’ Yirmiyah says that one who sees the ner Chanukah must say a berachah over them. The Shulchan Aruch (676:3) rules that if a person didnโt light the menorah, and isnโt planning to light that evening, and the menorah was not lit for him in his house, then when he sees the Chanukah lights he recites the berachah of ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื, and on the first night he even says ืฉืืืืื ื. Later (677), the Shulchan Aruch rules that even if the menorah was lit for a person in his home, if he is in a place where no other Jews lit menorah, he must light with berachos. The Rema explains that the reason is because there is an obligation to see the neiros, and he writes that we follow this halachah in practice.
This halachah โ that when a person sees the neiros of Chanukah, he says a berachah even though he hasnโt lit โ is unique to Chanukah. We donโt find regarding any other mitzvah that when you see it being done, you make a berachah. Tosafos (Succah 46) note that Chazal did not institute that we should say a berachah upon seeing the mitzvos of lulav or succah performed, so why did they do so specifically regarding ner Chanukah? Tosafos answer that it is ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืก, because of the preciousness of the miracle. This needs explanation. Other mitzvos, and the nissim related to them, are also dear to us, yet we still donโt say a berachah upon seeing these mitzvos performed.
Inืื ืจืืช ืืืื ย as well, we highlight this idea of seeing neiros Chanukah, when we say that ืืื ืื ื ืจืฉืืช ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืจืืืชื ืืืื. Again, we see that thereโs a special emphasis on seeing neiros Chanukah.
Another unique aspect of neiros Chanukah is that we find different levels of the mitzvah: mehadrin, mehadrin min hamehadrin, etc. We donโt find this with regard to other mitzvos. The Shulchan Aruch states that one must be very careful with regard to the neiros Chanukah โ ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืงืช ื ืจืืช ืื ืืื, and this, too, is unusual; regarding hilchos Shabbos the phrase used is merely ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ.
We can also wonder why, in Al Hanissim, we say that the Yevanim wanted ืืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืชื. When we were younger, we probably understood this to mean that they didnโt allow Klal Yisrael to learn Torah, and thatโs why people forgot the Torah. In truth, however, these words convey that there was something about the gezeirah of the Yevanim that made the Yidden forget the Torah. What was that?
Thereโs also the famous question of which was the greater nes of Chanukah โ the military victory, which put an end to the gezeiros, or the miracle of the neiros burning for eight days. If we were asked, we would probably say that the nes of a handful of Yidden โ thirteen Leviโim and Kohanim โ triumphing over an entire army is the greater nes. Doesnโt that victory deserve to be commemorated more significantly than the nes of the menorah burning for eight days?
Furthermore, the Rambam writes, at the beginning of Hilchos Chanukah: ืืืคื ื ืื ืืชืงืื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืช ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืชืืืชื ื”ื ืืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื. Why is Chanukah a time of simchah?
The Bach poses yet another question: Why is there no obligation to eat a seudah on Chanukah, as there is on Purim? Why do we have only the requirement of hallel and hodaah?
Lackluster Leads to Loss
The Bachโs answer sheds light on all of the above questions (Why is there an emphasis on seeing the neiros Chanukah? Why do we have to be extra careful with the mitzvah of Chanukah and be โmehadrinโ? How did it happen that the Yidden โforgotโ the Torah? And what is the special simchah of Chanukah?).
The Bach states that the main reason for the gezeirah of the Yevanim to put an end to the avodah, and specifically the Korban Tamid, was that the Yidden were lax in the avodah. Middah kโneged middah, because their avodah was lackluster, the Yevanim put an end to it. When they demonstrated mesirus nefesh for the avodah, they were zocheh to Hashemโs salvation, and to the nes of the neiros Chanukah. Thatโs why the primary obligation of Chanukah is hallel vโhodaah, which is an avodah of the heart.
The Shem MiShmuel cites this Bach in quite a few places, including Parashas Mikeitz (680), where he wonders why the Bach mentions that the Korban Tamid was discontinued, since we do not find that the Yidden missed even one Korban Tamid during that period. He also notes that Chazal describe in glowing terms the spiritual level of Klal Yisrael at that time: During the days of Shimon Hatzaddik, there were constant nissim. What, then, does it mean that they were lax in the avodah?
The Shem MiShmuel explains that the Bach must mean the following.
Through their influence and their gezeiros, the Yevanim brought spiritual darkness to Klal Yisrael. At that time, they were going about the mitzvos mechanically โ without desire, without energy, without motivation, without excitement. Even the avodah of the korbanos was ืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื โ done by rote, without feeling. That is the ultimate laxity.
When the Bach says ืฉื ืชืจืฉืื ืืขืืืื, it doesnโt mean that they failed to perform the avodah. Technically, there was nothing lacking in their avodah, but it was missing the chiyus and the cheishek. When the Chashmonaim went all out to restore the avodah, thatโs when the darkness was transformed to light.
Renewed Passion
This sheds light on why the primary nes of Chanukah is the neiros, not the military victory. Since the real rason for the gezeirah was that they lacked enthusiasm and passion for avodas Hashem, the way to rectify that was to recapture that hislahavus. The name โChanukahโ is related to the word โchinuch,โ implying a new beginning of the avodah with desire and excitement. The main thing we commemorate on Chanukah is the restoration of this invigorated avodah, which is what infused the Yidden with the strength to win on the battlefield as well.
How could the Yevanim cause Klal Yisrael to forget their learning? Because when someone does something without cheishek, he naturally forgets it. When someone is passionate about something, and views it as vital, he wonโt forget it. Indeed, Rav Hutner writes (Pachad Yitzchak, Shavuos, Maamar 30) that the โMinister of Forgetfulnessโ has no power over something that a person views as crucial.
We can now understand why the idea of mehadrin and mehadrin min hamehadrin is so inextricably linked with Chanukah: The extra zehirus attached to this mitzvah commemorates the restoration of our enthusiasm and passion for mitzvos.
The Gemara (Taanis 28) says that the Yevanim banned the bringing of the wood of the maarachah to Yerushalayim and also the bringing of bikkurim. Why these two mitzvos, specifically? The Maharsha explains that these two mitzvos were performed joyously, with great fanfare. When bringing the bikkurim, for instance, the Yidden would decorate their animals and lead them to Yerushalayim with music and various ornaments, carrying beautiful baskets of fruit to the Beis Hamikdash. This excitement over the mitzvos rankled the Yevanim, and thatโs why they forbade these mitzvos.
We asked what is the reason for the special simchah of Chanukah, and we can now explain that simchah is what enables us to recapture our enthusiasm for mitzvos. We can also understand why there is an emphasis on seeing the neiros Chanukah, to the extent that Chazal instituted that a berachah be said by a person who merely sees a lit menorah. Sight affects a person deeply; when we witness an event with our own eyes it impacts us far more profoundly than if we hear about it โ ืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืืขื ืืจืืืื. Chazal note that Haman became enraged at Mordechai for not bowing down to him only when he saw him failing to bow; earlier, he knew that Mordechai was not bowing, but that didnโt anger him nearly as much.
When Chazal wanted to restore the cheishek and hispaalus of avodas Hashem, they linked it to seeing the neiros Chanukah, because sight makes the deepest impression on a person.
They say that the word ayin, eye, is related to the word maayan, a wellspring, because through what the eye sees, a person can actually draw out what is deep inside his heart.
A Rare Opportunity
Chazal say that even types of wicks and oil that are invalid for neiros Shabbos are valid for neiros Chanukah, and the Sfas Emes (citing the Chiddushei Harim) as well as the Shem MiShmuel explain that Chazal are hinting something to us here. Nefesh โ a personโs soul โ is an acronym for ner, psil, shemen, as the Ben Ish Chai teaches, based on the Zohar. Even a person who doesnโt feel kedushah the whole year โ his nefesh is not aflame โ can inspire and invigorate himself on Chanukah, through the power of the mesirus nefesh of the Chashmonaim. We have the ability to rekindle ourselves and recapture the fire of passion for avodas Hashem.
The Yesod vโShoresh Haโavodah teaches that when a person dances on Simchas Torah, it is a special segulah for him to have sons who are talmidei chachamim, because the enthusiasm and desire that he has for the Torah will impact his children. Likewise, the cheishek that we exhibit for the mitzvah of ner Chanukah, which also represents the Torah, has a similar impact, as Chazal say that ืืจืืื ืื ืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื.
In addition, the Shechinah is brought down by a person who has cheishek in his avodas Hashem.
May this Yom Tov of Chanukah be an opportunity for chinuch, to start anew with tremendous excitement, enthusiasm, and drive in our avodas Hashem and avodas hamiddos, and through that may we be zocheh to hatzlachah in all areas and yeshuos for all of Klal Yisrael, during these days of hallel vโhodaah and nissim.