ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโl
ืื ืฉืืงื ืฉืื ืก ืื ืืื
ืืื ืื ืืื, [ืขื ืืืื ื ืก ืงืืขืื, ืจืฉ”ื], ืืช”ืจ ืืฉื ืื ืกื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืื ืฉืืืืื, ืืืฉืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืช ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืฆืืื, ืืืงื ืืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืคื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืืชืื ืฉื ืื”ื, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืง ืืื ืืื ืืื, ื ืขืฉื ื ืก ืืืืืืงื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื, ืืฉื ื ืืืจืช ืงืืขืื ืืขืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื (ืฉืืช ืื.).
ืืจื ืฉื ืงืืข ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืก ืคื ืืฉืื.
ืืฆ”ื: ืืจื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืชื ืืืืขืืืจื ืืืืงื ืจืฆืื ื, ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืืกืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืืจืื ื’ืขื ืื ืกืื’ ืืืืขืช ื ืืชื ืช ืฉืืืงืืขื ืืช ืื ืืื ืขื ื ืืกื ืืืฆืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืจืื?
ืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืฉื, ืืืฉืคืื ืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืงืจ ืขืจื, ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจ. ืื ืื ื ืืืืช ืืฆืืขืจื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืคืฉ ืืช ืืืืืื. ืืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืงืื ืืฆื ืืช ืืืืืื, ืขืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืงื ืืจืืฉื. ืืืฉืคืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืกืคืช, ืฉืืืช ืื ืฉืืงื ืืืืื.
ืขืค”ื ืืืื ืช ืืฉืืืืชื ืฉื ื ืก ืคื ืืฉืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืกืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืืฉืจืื. ื ืก ืื ืืื “ืจืง” ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืืง ืืช ืืื ืืจื ืืืืจื, ืืืจืืช ืฉืืืืื ืืืชืจื ืืฆืืืืจ. ืื ืื ืืืคื ืฉืขืฉื ืืงื”ื ืืชืื ืื ืืกืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืฉืจืื ื ืก ื ืืกืฃ ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ื ื ืฆืจื, ืืจื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืชื ืืช’ ืืืคื ืืื ืืฉืจืื, ืื ืก ืื ืืืื ืืื “ื ืฉืืงื” ืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื. ืืคืืื ืงืืขื ืืืงื ืขืืื ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื.
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ื ืื”ืข ืืืื ื’ ืืืืช – ืืืช ืื ืืื ืชืฉื”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโl
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ื ืื”ืข ื’ ืืืืช ืชืฉื”ื
ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืคืืืื ืืฆื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืกืคืืจ ืคืขืืื ืขื ื ืงืืื ืืืช, ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื, ืืคืฉื ืื ืื ืงืื ืืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืขืจืคืื. ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืคืฉืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืืจ ืืืฉื ื ืืช ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืฉืฉืืฅ ืืื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื.
ืืื ืืชืืืืืื, ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืฅ ืชืืจื ืืฉืื, ืกืืคืจ ืฉืคืขื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืขื ืจื”ื ืืฉืืช ืืืชืช ืืชื ืืฆืื ืฉืงืืข ืืขืืื ืืจืืืดื. ืืืื ืฉืขืื ืืื ืจื”ื, ืืฉืจ ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืืืชื, ืกืคืจ ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืคืขืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืจ ืขื ืืืชื ืฉืืจืืช ืืจืืืดื. ืื ืงืื ืืืืชื ืจืืข ืื ืืืข, ืืืื ืืจืืข ืฉืขืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืจืืข ืฉืจืจื”ื ืืจืื ืืช ืขืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื, ืกืคืจ ืขืฉืจืื ืืืืฉ ืคืขืืื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืื ื ืคืื.
ืืืจืื ื ืืจื ืขืืืงืืช ืืชืืืื ื ืคืฉื. ืฉืงืื ืืชื ืืขืงืฉื ืืช ืืืืืืจืช ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืื ืขืืืคืืช ืืฉืืขื, ืืืชื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืจื ืืฉืงื ืฉืืืืืข ืื ืคืฉื ืฉื ืชืืืืืื. ืื ืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืืข ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืืืืื, ืื ืืื ืขืจื ืืืฉืงื ืืืฉืื ื’ืืชืืื’ ื’ืืืืขื’ ืืืื ืืื ืืงืืืืื.
ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืกืชืืคืฃ ืืืืืฆืชื ืจืืฉื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืช ืืื ื ืืืืืช ืื ืขืืืช ืืื ืืงืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื. ืขื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืื ืจ’ ืืืื ืืจืืฉืืื. ืืืจื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืคืจื ืืื ืงื ืขื ืืืืจืืชื, ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืืืจื ืื ืืขืื ื ืืืืืคืช ืชื ืืื ืงืื, ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืชื ืขื ืชืืืืื. ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืคื ื’ืชืื ื’, ืืืื ืืื ืืชืขืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืขื ืืฉื ืชื. ืฉืืจืช ืืกืคืกืืื ืืืืจืื ื, ืืืืช, ืฉืขืจ ืืืฆืจ, ืืื ืื ืืงืื ‘ืืืฉ’ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืืืืจืื. ืืจืืืื ืืืชืืฉื ืฉื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืื ืืจื”ื ืืื ื ืขืฆืจ ืืื ืืขืืื ืดืื ื ืขืื ืืงืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืขื ืืืืืืืด. ืืจืื ืืืชื ื’ืืืจื’ ืืกืชืืืืช ืืฉืขื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืช, ืืืฉืจ ืฆืจืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืกืื ืขื ืขืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืชืคืืื. ืื ืืชืงืืคื ืฉื ืคืืืช ืืืฆื ืฉื ื, ืืงืืืขืืช ืฉื ืืฉืื ืฉืฉ ืฉืืข ืืฉืืื ื ืฉืขืืช, ืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืช ืื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืจืืฉื ืื ืืืืขื ืืกืืืืช ืืืงืืคื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืฉืืช ืื ืืื
ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื
ืฉืืช ื”ื ืข”ื ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืืฃ ืืงืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืขืืืฃ ืืชืืืจ, ืืืชืืก’ ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืงืจืืืช ืจ”ื ืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืฉื ืืื’ ืืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืขืืืฃ (ืืคืฉืืื ืืื ืืชืืก’ ืืงืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ื”ื ืืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื), ืืชื’ ืืืื ื ืืืงื ืื ื”ื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืงืืืื ืชืืืจ ืงืืื. ืืฆ”ืข ืืืืืืง.
ืืืขืืงืจ ืืืจื ืืื’ ืื ”ื ืืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืขืืืฃ ืืชืืืจ, ืข’ ืขืืง ืืจืื ืขื’ ืก”ื ืฉืืงืฉื ืืืื ืชืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืจืืืชื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืืืืื, ืืชื’ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืง ืืชืืก’.
ืืขืื ืชื’ ืืื ืืขืืช ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืืื ืื”ืช ืืืชืื ืืค’ ืขืงื ืืืืจืช ืืช ืื ืืืจื ืืข’ ืก’ ืืจืืื ืื”ืข ืื”ืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืื ืค”ื (ืืืคืืก ืืืฉ ืคืจืง ื’) ืืืช ื”ื ืฉืืชื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืข”ืช ืฉ”ื ื”ื ืฉืืื ื”ืข ืื”ืช ืืืืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืืืืจ, ืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืง”ื ืืืืืจ ืืืกืืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืขืื ื ืชืืื ืง”ื ืื ืกืื ืฉื ืืืืชืื ื ืืื’.
(ืืข”ืข ืืจื”ืค ืขื ืจืก”ื ืืฆืื ื ”ื ืืฉื ืืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืจ”ื ืื ืืจืื”ื ืกื’ ื’ ืื ืฉืืชื ืื ืจ’ ืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืืืืชืื ืืื ืชืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืงืืฉื ืื ืงืืฉืชื ืืข”ืฉ ืืชื”ื).
(ืืข’ ืจ’ ืืืื ืค’ ืืืฉืื ืขื”ืค ืื ืืืงืื ืขืืจืชื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืื ืืจืขื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืชืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืงื”ื ืข”ื, ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืื ืข”ื, ืงืืืช ื’ ื”ื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืจืขื ืจืื, ืคื’ ืืืื ืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืจืขื).
ืืืืืืช ืืืืื โ ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื
Hagaon Harav Tzvi Partzovitz Shlita
ืืงืืขืื ืืขืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื, ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืงืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืฉืืื ืงืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืื, ืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืจื ืฉื ืงืืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืฉื ืืกืฃ ืื ืชืงื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืื ืืื, ืื”ื ืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืฉื ืงืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืงืืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืืข ืืืื ืืืืืื.
ืืื ื ืื ืืืืข ื”ืฉ ืืืชืื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืชืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืช ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ื ืืขืื’ ืืก’ ืฉืคืชื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืชืงืื ื ืืืืจ “ืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืื’ ืืื ืืื ืืืื”, ืืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื.
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ืืจืื”ื ืืืชื ืืกืืฃ ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื, ืืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืืืืืข ืื ืก ืืืืืกืืฃ ืืฉืื ืื-ื ืืืืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืฉืขืฉื ืื ื ืืื’ ืืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืกืืชื, ืืื ื ืื’ ืืจ”ื ื ’ ืฉืืขืืงืจ ืขืฆื ืื ืจ-ืื ืืื ืืชืงืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืก, ืืืืจ ื ืืืข ืืคืจืฉ ืืื ืคื’ ืืจ”ื ืืื ืืงืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืืงืช ืื ืจ [ืืื ืฉืื ืืคืืจืฉ”ื ืืงืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืกืื, ืืืจื ืืจ”ื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื] ืื”ื ืืคืกืงื ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืช ืืฉื ื ืืืจืช ืงืืขืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืื ืืช ืืืื, ืืืืืื ืขื ืื ืก ืืืืืงืช ื ืจืืช, ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืืกืืืจ ืืื ืืงืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืงืช ืื ืจ, ืืืืืชืจ ืืืจื ืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืงืืืขืืช ื ”ื ืืื ืืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื, ืืืจื ื”ื ืืจืื”ื ืืจืืฉ ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืืคื ื ืื ืืชืงืื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืื’ ืฉืืื ืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื’ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืืืืืืงืื ืืื ืื ืจืืช ืืื’ ืืืจืืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืก, ืืืฉื’ ืืจ”ื ืืื ืฉืงืืขืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืงืช ืื ืจืืช, ืืจื ืืืื ืืงืืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืืืง ืืืคืจืกื ืื ืก, ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืข”ื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื.
ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืื ื ืืืฉ”ื ืืจ”ื ืืืฆืืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืจืื ืืก”ื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืืช ืชืขื ืืช ืืืื ืืืฅ ืืื ืืื, ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืืฃ ื”ื ืืืชื ืื ืืชื ืืืืืช ืชืขื ืืช ืืืจื ืื ื ื’ ืื ืืืงืืื ืืื’ ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืจืืช, ืืืจืฉ”ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืก ืืืื ืขืืืื ืืืืืืจื ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื, ืืื ื ืืข”ืค ืฉืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืขื ืืช ื”ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืืืื’ ืืจ”ื ืืฃ ื”ื ื’ ืืฉืื ืฉืืืคืจืกื ื ืืกื, ืืื ืืืื ืช ืืจ”ื ืืืฆืืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืงืืขื ืืืืืืช ืชืขื ืืช, ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืขืื ืืื, ืื ื ืืื ืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืื”ื ืืืฉ”ื ืืฉื’ ืืจ”ื ืืขืฆื ืื ”ื ืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืื ืจ โ ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืก ืข”ื ืืืืืงื ืืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื, ืืื ืืืฉื ื’ ืืจ”ื ืฉื, ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืข”ื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืกืืชื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื. [ืื”ื ืื ืืคืืจืฉ”ื ืจ”ื ืฉื].
ืืื ื ืืืื ืืจืืขื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืื’ ืืืจืืืช ื ”ื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืืื ืงืื’ ืขืฉืจื ืืชืจื ืืื ืืืื ืจืื ื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืขื ืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื’ ืืชืื ืงืื, ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืกืคืืจื ื ืืืงืจื ื’ ืื’ ืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืจืืื ืื, ืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืชืคืจืกื ืื ืก ืืืืืืื ืจืืื, ืื”ื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืืขืืง ืืืจ ืื ืฆื”ื ืฉื ืืชืืืืช ืชืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืกืื ื’, ืืืืขื ืื ืจืืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ืืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื’ ืืจืืื ืจืขืื ืืื’ ืืืื’ ืกืคืืจ ืื ืก ืืคื ื ืจืื ืื ืฉืื, ืืืืืช ืฉื”ื ืืงืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื’ ืืกืื ืื ืคืืืืชืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืชืืื, ืื”ื ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ื ืก, ืืืื ืืืกืคืจ ืืจืืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืฆืืชื.
ืืืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ื ืจืื ืืื ื ืื”ื ืืฆืื ื ืฉืื ื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืช ืฉื ืฉืื ืืชืืืื, ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืื ืืืฆืืจื’ ืืคื ืื ื’ ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื’. ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืคืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืื’ ืืคืืื ืืคืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืืจืืืื ืืื’, ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืคืืืช ืื ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืคืืจื. ืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืช ืฉื ืฉืื ืืืื.
ืื ืจืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืงื”ื, ืื”ื ืืคืฉืืืช ื’ ืืืจืฉ ืฉืื”ื ืชืืืืื ืงื”ื ืืืืจ ื ื ืืฉืจืื, ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืื ืขื ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืขืืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืขืื ืืืงื”ื ืืขืงื ืฉืืืจ ืืืกื ืฉืขืฉืืช ืขืืื ืืื’ ืฉื ืืืจ ืงืืื ืชื ืืื ืืืกืืื, ืืจื ืฉืขืืงืจ ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืื’ ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืื ื ืจืื ืืื ื’ ืืจืื”ื ืื ืืืขืื ืืก”ืค ืื ืืืืื ืช ืื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืื ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ื, ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืชืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืข ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืงืื ืฉืืจืื, ืืืืื ืช ืจืืืืืช ืืงืื ืืื’, ืืืืื ืช ืืชื ืืื ืกืืืช ืืื’ ืฉืืื’ ืืงืื ืฉืืชืงืืฆื ืืืืื ืื’ ืฉืืจืื, ืืืคืจืกืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืืืชืื ืื ืื ื.
[ืืืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืขืื ื”ืฉ ืืืงืืืช ืขืื ื ืื”ื ืืฉื ืืืืจื”ื ื”ื ืืคื’ ืื ืืฉืื, ืฉืืจืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ื ืขืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืฉืื, ืืื”ื ืืืืจ ืคืชืืช ืืืืกืจื, ืฉืืืืืจื ืืจื ืืจืฉืืช ื ืชืื ื, ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืจืฆืื ื, ืืข”ื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืื, ืืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ื ืื, ืื”ื ืฉื, ืืฉืื ืืืืื ื ืืคื ืขื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืคืืจ ืื, ืืื ืื ืฉื”ื ืืืคืืจ ื”ื ืืืืื ืืืืื’ ืืื”ื ืกื’ ืค”ื, ืืข”ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืข”ื ืืืฉ].
ืืืขืชื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืขืืืช ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืงืื, ืื ืื ืืช ืืื ืืฉืื ืืช ืฉื ืฉืื, ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืื’, ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืืจืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื, ืื ืชืืืืช ืชืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืกืื ื’ ืืื’ ืื ืฆื”ื.
ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืื”ื ืืืืื’ ืื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืกืื ื’, (ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืช ืืืืื) ืื ืจืื ืืืงืื ื’ ืืืืงื”ืฉ ืชืืืืื ืงื”ื ืืืื ืื’ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืงื”ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืื. ืืืืกืืจ ืืื (ืืกืืืขื ื ืืื ืื”ื ืฉืืื”ื) ืืื ื ืขืืงืจ ืืืื ืช ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืฉืคืขื ืืืืืื ืืื ืข”ื ืชืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉ”ื ืืืฉื ืชืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืื”ืฉ ืืชืจืืื ืชืืืืื ื”ื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืขื ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืงื”ื ืืืื ืข”ื ืืืืืื ืืืชืืืืืช, ืื ืืฆื ืฉืืืืืื ืืชืงืืื ืจืฆืื ื’ ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืื, ืืข”ื ืืืื ืขื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืืืื ืขื ืืกืื ื’. (ืืืขืื’ ืืก’ ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ”ื ื”ื).
ืืืจื ืืขืชื ืคืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืขืฆื ืืืืืงื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ืขืื ื, ืืืื ืขื ืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืชืชืคืจืกื ืืชืืืจ ืืจืืื, ืืืืฉ ืื’ ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืืื ืื-ื ืืืคืจืกืื ืืช ืื, ืืื ืืืื ืช ืชืคืืื ืืืชื ืื ืกืืืช ืืขื”ืฉ. [ืื”ื ืื ืขื ืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืื’ ืืืกืืช [ืขื’ ืคืกืืื ืงื”ื ื’] ืืืืื ืฉืขืืงืจื ืืืืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืคืจืกืื ืืจืืื] ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืคื ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืชืคืืื ืืืืื”ื ืืฉืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืื”ื ืืฉืืช ื”ื ื’, ืืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืืื, ืืื”ืฉ ืืจืฉ”ื, ืข”ื ืืฉ ืื ืขื ืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื (ืืื ื ืืขืื’ ืืก’ ืื ืืช ืฉืืื ื”ื ืืืจื ืืืจืฉ”ื ืืืืจืื ืืฆ”ื ืฉืขืื ืื’ ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืข”ื ืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืื ื ืืขืื’ ืืืฉืื ื ืฉื’ ืื”ื “ืืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืืจ ืฉืข”ื ืื ืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืื'” ืืืืฉืื ื ื ืจืื ืืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืืื ืื ”ื ืืื’ ืืคื’ ืืืืืฃ ืืืืืงื ืืฉ ืืืืื. ืืืืืืจื ืืขื”ืฉ ืขืื ืืืื ื ืค”ื ืืืืื, ืืืฉ ืืืื ืื”ื].
ื.
ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืื – ย ืืืืื, ืื ืงืืขื ืืืขืฉื ืืืืืืงื, ืืืจื ืื”ื ืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืืืืืจื ืืืคื, ืืฆ”ืข ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืขืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืืืื ืฉืืืืืงืช ืื ืจืืช, ืืื ื ืืื’ ืื”ื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืชืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื”ืฉ ืื ื’ ืืืืืื ืืืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ื’ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืฆืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืืืืชืื โ ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืขืื โ ืืข”ื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืฉื ืืื ืฉื ืืขืื, ืืืขืื ืืช ืืชืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืื, ืื ืคืื ืืขืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื. ืืื ืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืืช ืืฉืืื ืื ืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืข”ื ืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื, ืืืืืืืจ ืืื, ืืื ื ืืจื ืืืืืงืช ืืื ืืจื ืืืงืืฉ ืื’ ืขืืืช ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืฉืจืืื ืืืฉืจืื, ืื ืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืื ืจืืช ืืื ืืจื ืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืฉืืื ื, ืืื ืจืื ืื ืข”ื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืื ืืกืื ืืื ืคืืืืช, ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืชืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืื ืข”ื ืื ืจืืช, ืืจื ืืื ื ืชืงื ื ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืขื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืงื”ื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื, ืืืคื’ ืืจืื”ื ื’ ืืื ืงืื ืื ืจืืช ืื ืืื, ืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืจื, ืืข”ื ืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืฉืจืืื ืืื ืข”ื ืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืืจ ืืงื”ื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืื ืข”ื ืืืื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืืื ืื, ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื. ืื”ื ืืืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืงืช ืื ืจืืช ืืขื ืืื ืืื’ ืขืืืช ืืขืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจื, ืืชืงื ืืืืช ืืืื. (ืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืืคื ืคืฉืื ืืืชืจ, ืขืค”ื ืืื’ ืืจืืืช ืื ื’ ืืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืงืืฉ, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืจืืื ืข”ื ืืืช ืืืงืืฉ, ืืืฉืืืื ืืช ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืขืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจื ื ืคืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืกืื ืข”ื ืืื ืืจื ื ืชืงื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืื ืืืื ืืื).
ืื”ื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืงืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืงืืขื ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืื, ืื”ื ืืคืืจืฉ ืืชืืงืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื (ืืืื ืืฉืคืชื ืืืื ืฉื) ืืืืืช ืืขืืงืจ ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืืงื ืืชืงืืื ืืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืืืจื ืจืฉ”ื ืฉืืช ื”ื ื’ ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืขืืงืจื ืืืืืืช ื ืชืงื ื, ืืื ืจืื ืืื ืงืื ืื ืืืืงืช ืื ืจืืช, ืืืืื ื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืขื ืื ืื ืจืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืืืื’ ืืขืื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
The Little Light Amidst the Darkness
Parashas Mikeitz/Chanukah
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal
We see from Chazal that thereโs something unique and special about the Yom Tov of Chanukah. This Yom Tov, the Gemara says, was established lโhodos ulehallel. Now, itโs clear that there are many things about the nissim, ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื, that we should be thankful for. On other Yamim Tovim, like Pesach, Sukkos, and Shavuos, thereโs also plenty to be thankful for: Yetzias Mitzrayim, Mattan Torah, the ananei hakavod. But those arenโt Yamim Tovim of hodaah specifically. Chanukah is different. The essence of the Yom Tov is hodaah.
In order to understand this, we need to gain a deeper understanding of the middah of hodaah.
We know that thereโs a mitzvah to remember the incident with Miriam every day: ืึธืืึนืจ ืึตืช ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืฉึธืื ื’ ืึฑืึนืงึถืืึธ ืึฐืึดืจึฐืึธื ืึทึผืึถึผืจึถืึฐ ืึฐึผืฆึตืืชึฐืึถื ืึดืึดึผืฆึฐืจึธืึดื. Itโs one of the sheish zechiros that weโre supposed to say every day. The Arizal notes that all these six remembrances are alluded to in the words of the berachah of Ahavah Rabbah, which we say before Krias Shema. The zechirah of Miriam, he says, is alluded to in the words ืืืืืืช ืื, since those words remind us that the mouth Hakadosh Baruch Hu gave us was created for the purpose of thanking Hashem, not for talking lashon hara.
It sounds like hodaah and lashon hara are opposites. But I would think the opposite of lashon hara is lashon tov, or maybe shtikah. Why is hodaah, thanking Hakadosh Baruch Hu, the opposite of lashon hara?
The aveirah of lashon hara, Chazal tell us, is different from all other aveiros. All other aveiros bring a person pleasure, and thatโs why itโs a nisayon to avoid the aveirah. Lashon hara, in contrast, provides no real pleasure. Why, then, would a person speak lashon hara? If it provides no pleasure, why is it such a major nisayon?
See No Evil, Speak No Evil
Hakadosh Baruch Hu created every person with an innate need to feel good about himself, to feel satisfied and accomplished. That is a very important drive, which is given to us to motivate us to do the right thing. Since doing the right thing makes me feel good and accomplished, and if I donโt do the right thing I wonโt have that good feeling, I am motivated to do the right thing.
Sometimes, however, a person feels empty, lacking, unaccomplished. Such a person is in danger of stumbling in the prohibition of lashon hara, since speaking lashon hara is an artificial way of making yourself feel good. When a person doesnโt feel good about himself, dwelling on other peopleโs flaws and shortcomings gives him the illusion of feeling good about himself โ as if the other person has all the chesronos, and he doesnโt.
This idea is expressed by Rashi in this weekโs parashah. The Torah says that in Pharaohโs dream, there were ืฉึถืืึทืข ืคึธึผืจืึนืช ืึฐืคืึนืช ืึทืจึฐืึถื ืึผืึฐืจึดืืึนืช ืึธึผืฉึธืืจ, alluding to the seven years of plenty. We can understand that the cows being fat and robust would indicate the years of plenty, but what does their being good-looking, ืึฐืคืึนืช ืึทืจึฐืึถื, have to do with years of plenty? Rashi explains that during a time of plenty, people look good to others. When a person is satisfied, he looks at others and they look good to him. But when a person feels hungry, then people look at others begrudgingly, and they look bad.
Thatโs what spurs a person to speak lashon hara. A person who feels good about himself sees good in other people, but a person whoโs starving, who feels empty and dissatisfied, sees bad, and that prompts him to speak lashon hara.
We are obligated to thank Hakadosh Baruch Hu for everything we have. The Chovos Halevavos explains that the reason people donโt always feel thankful to Hakadosh Baruch Hu is that they donโt realize what they have. Theyโre too fixated on what they donโt have, and on what other people have that they feel they should have, so they canโt even notice and appreciate what they do have. Therefore, they donโt thank Hashem.
When someone does thank Hakadosh Baruch Hu, itโs a sign that heโs not dwelling on whatโs missing; heโs focusing on what he has.
This clarifies why lashon hara and hodaah are opposites of the same middah. Someone whoโs starving will use his mouth to speak lashon hara, and he wonโt thank Hashem, because in his mind, what does he have to be grateful for? But someone whoโs satisfied and feels good about himself has no need to speak lashon hara, so heโll use his mouth to thank Hakadosh Baruch Hu, not to speak lashon hara.
Did We Win?
Many times, Klal Yisrael were in galus, and eventually they left the galus, having emerged victorious over the empire that had subjugated them. In Galus Yavan, however, there was no total victory. The purpose of Galus Yavan, we say in Al Hanissim, was ืืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืชื, and that never ended. Chazal note that from the time of Maamad Har Sinai until Galus Yavan, there was never any machlokes n Klal Yisrael. The mesorah, as transmitted at Har Sinai, remained intact, and the Torah was preserved exactly the way it was given.
The first Torah machlokes in Klal Yisrael began during Galus Yavan. Thatโs ืืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืชื. Even after the Chashmonaโim defeated the Yevanim, ืืืฉืืืื ืชืืจืชื did not go away. The culture of Yavan, which the Greeks tried to instill in Klal Yisrael and the whole world, persisted. So what was the victory? We have a Yom Tov of Chanukah because we defeated Yavan, but if the Torah continued to be forgotten, and the culture of Yavan endured, then how can we claim victory?
Chazal teach that Yavan is symbolized by darkness: ืึฐืึนืฉึถืืึฐ ืขึทื ืคึฐึผื ึตื ืชึฐืืึนื. That means that before Galus Yavan, there was only light, no darkness. After Yavan was defeated, the darkness remained, but within that darkness, there was a nes, the nes of the neiros. Amid the darkness, there was a small light โ and that was the victory.
The victory over Yavan was not banishing the darkness, but having light within the darkness. Although we are still forgetting a lot of Torah, as we move further and further away from Maamad Har Sinai, and although so much of Yavanโs culture still seeps into our consciousness, causing much darkness, still, we can light a small fire and have light amid the darkness of galus.
What value is there, one might argue, in one little ner surrounded by darkness?
If we donโt learn to appreciate what we have while weโre still in galus, then the darkness will remain. The only way we can win over Yavan is by having the light amid the darkness, and valuing and appreciating that little ner. Itโs pitch dark all over, but when we focus on the small ner that we have and cherish it, we no longer feel the gnawing hunger and emptiness of the darkness around us. Instead, we feel satisfied with the little light that we have โ and thatโs the victory over Yavan.
This is why the Yom Tov of Chanukah was established lโhodos ulehallel. We need to stress this point, that the only way out of Galus Yavan is to appreciate the small ner we still have and build our lives around it.
As the galus continues, there is so much darkness in Klal Yisrael, so much tumah. Our challenge is to find the light and value it, no matter how small it is, and to thank Hakadosh Baruch Hu for the bit of light we still have. This is relevant on a Klal Yisrael level and also on a personal level. A person might feel overwhelmed by the darkness in his life, to the point that he forgets to notice and give thanks for the little bit of light that remains. Chanukah teaches us that despite the darkness that envelops us, we have to focus and build on that ner amid the darkness.