ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, ztโl
ืืืฉ ืื ืืืืจ ื ืืจ ืื’ (ื,ื)
ืืืจืื”ื ืืงืฉื: ืื ื ืืจ ืื ืจืง ืขื ืืืคืฆื, ืื”ื ืืืืืจ ืืจื ืขืื ืงืจืื ืืื ืื ื ืืจื, ืืจื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืคืฆื? ืืชืืจืฅ: ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืจื ืืงืืฉ ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืคืฅ, ืฉืืฉืืคืจืืฉ ืงืจืื ืืืกืจ ืืืฃ ืืงืจืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืฉืขื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืจ ืขื ื ืืกืื.
ืืืงืฉื ืืืืจืื ืื: ื. ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืื”ื ืขื ืืืืื ืื”ื ืืื ืื ืืจ ืืื ืขืฉืื ืืืฉื? ื. ืืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืจื ืขืื ืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืื, ืืืคืจืฉืช ืืงืจืื ืื”ื ืืื ืจืง ืืืจื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืงืจืื, ืื ืืื ืืืงืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืืฉืื, ืื”ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืจ ืขื ืืืืจื?
ืืชืืจืฅ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ืฆ”ื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืจื ืขืื ืงืจืื ืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืงืจืื, ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืืฉ ืฉื ืงืจืื ืืืืื. ืื”ื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืงืืฉ ืื”ื ืืฉืืคืจืืฉ ืืืื ืืงืจืื, ืื ืืฆื ืฉืื ืืจ ืฉืืืืจ ืืขืช ืื ืขื ืืคืฆื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืฉืืคืจืืฉื ื, ืฉืื ืืื ืืงืืื ืืช ื ืืจื ืฉื ืืจ ืืฉืืืจ ืืจื ืขืื ืงืจืื.
ืืื ืืืืืจ “ืืจื ืขืื” ืื ื ืืื ืืงืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืช ืืฉื”ื ืืืืืจ “ืืจื ืื”, ืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืช ืืืืืจ ืืจื ืขืื, ืืืคืก’ ‘ืื ืจืฆื ืื ืืืคืจ ืขืืื’ ืืืืืืจ ืืื’ (ืืืืื ื.) “ืืืื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืชืคืื ืืื”, ืืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืืืจืช “ืืจื ืขืื” ืืฉ ืืฉืื ืงืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืืจืฉืืชื, ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืื ืืจ ืืืืจื.
ื ืืฆื ื”ื ืฉืืืคืจืฉืช ืืงืจืื ืงืืื ืืช ื ืืจื, ืืื ืืืืื ืื”ื ืืืงืจืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืขืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืืจืฉืืชื ืืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืืชื, ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื “ืื ืชืืืจ” ืืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืื ื ืฉื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืืจืฉืืชื.
ื ืขืจื ืข”ืค ืฉืืขืืจ ืข”ื ื ืืจืื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโl
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ื’ ืืื ืชืฉืข”ื
ืืชืื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืก ืืจื ืืฆ”ื ืืืืื ืจืื ืืืืืืืจ ื ืื ืฆื ืฉืืื”ื ืืื ื ืจืื ืขืงืืื ืฉืืื”ื.
ืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืขืืจื ืฉื ืจ’ ืืจืื ืืฆ”ื ืืฆืขืืจืืชื ืืืจื ื ืืืขื ืืืืืชื ืื ืื?
ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืื. ืกืืคืจื, ืฉืืืืชื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืืจืื, ืืืืืจ ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืขื ืืืจืืชื, ืืืื ืืืจืฃ ืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืชื ืจืืืืืช, ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืื ืืืืจืฃ ืืืื ืืื ืืก ืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจืืก ืืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืืืช.
ืขืื ืกืืคืจื, ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืื ืืื, ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืคืงืืข ืืืง ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืชื ืืืขืืืชื ืืฉื ืื. ืืืชื ืฉืื ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืงืฉ ืจืฉืืช, ืืืื ืจืฆื ืืคืฆืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืื. ืืฉื ืืืฉ ืืจ’ ืืจืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืจืืฆื ืืฉืื ืืืช, ืืฉืื ืื ืจืื ืืจืื: ืืื ืืชื ืืืฉื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืจืฉืข? ืื ื ืื ืกื ืื ืืขืช ืืขืืืจ ืื ืืจืง ืืื ื ื ืืืืข ืืื, ืืื ื ืืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืฃ ืกืืฃ ืืขืืืจ ืื, ืื ื ืืงื ืืกืฃ ืขื ืื?! ืืื ืืกืืื ืืงืืช ืขื ืื ืคืจืืกื, ืืืืช ืืืจืืช ืฉืื ืืืืงืืช ืืืืื.
ืืื ืขื ืืืช, ืืื ืกืื ืืคืฉืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืชืื ืขืดื. ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืขื ืื ืขื ืง ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืื. ืืืื ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืจืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืขืืชื ืืืืชื ืฉืืณืืื ืืืณ ืฉืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืขื ืืชืืจื, ื ืืชื ืืืืืช ืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืจืื ืืืจืืื, ืืืื ืืกืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืืฉ ืืืื.
ืืชื ื ืืื – ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืช ืงืืืฉ ืืืชืื ื ืชืฉืข”ื
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืืืืช ืืกืขื
ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ
ืจืฉ”ื ืค’ ืืกืขื ื”ื ื’ ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืคื ืฉืืจืื ืืฆืืืช ื ืืืืืช ืื”ื, ืืืฉืืข ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ. ืืข ืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื, ืืจืืฉ ื’, ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืกื ื’ ืืืจืฅ ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ื”ื.
ืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืืจืื ืค”ื ื”ื ืืืืขื ืืจืฅ ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืืจืฅ ืืืช ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืฉืืข ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืจืื. ืืขืื ืืืื ืืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช ืฉืืืืืื ืื”ืช ืื”ืฉ ืืจื ืื”ื ืืืก”ื ืค”ื ืืืืืืจืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืืืจื”ืง ืืฉื ืืืืจื”ืง ืืชื ืื ืืขื ืื ืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช). ืืขืื ืืืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื ืจืืื ืืืจืื”ื ืค’ ืืืืช ืฉืืชื ืืื ืฆืื ืคืจืฉืช ืืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืื ืืืืชืจื ืงืืืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ื”ื. (ืืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืชืืก’ ืขื”ืช ืค’ ืืืืช ืืขื ืขื ืจืื”ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ื”ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืฉืข).
(ืืข’ ืืฉืืขืืช ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืื’ ืชืจืืืืช ืฉืชื’ ืงื’ ืืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืจืื”ื ืืืืืืช ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืชืืื ืื ื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืฉ ื”ื ืืื ืฉื ืชืงืืฉ ืื”ื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืจืืื ืข”ืฉ. ืืืฉ ืืืขืืจ ืขื ืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจืื”ื ืขืฆืื ืื”ืข ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืจืื”ื ืืฆืื ื’ ืืืืืืช ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืืฉืื ื”ื, ืืืชื ืืจืื”ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืฉืื ืื ืชืืื ืื ื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืื ืข”ืฉ, ืื ืืฆื ืืฉืคืืจ ืืงืฉื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื. ืืฉื”ืจ ืืืื”ื ืืคืืจืฉ ืฉื ืืจืื”ื ืค’ ืืืืช ืื ืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืืจืฆื ืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืฆ”ื ืืชื’ ืืืฉืืขืืช ืืืื).
ืืื ื ืืขืื ืงืืฉืืืช ืืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืกื ื’ ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืงืืืฉ ืื”ื ืืืขืช ืื”ื ืืขื ืื ืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช, ืืื ืื ืง’ ืขื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืขืฆืื ืฉืจืฆื ืืืื ืก ืื”ื. ืืืกืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืืจื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืชืืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืก… ืืื ืืจืื ืืฆืืืช ื ืฆืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืชืงืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื. ืืืคืฉืืื ื ืจืื ืืืื ืช ืืืืจื ืืงืื ืขื ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืื ืง’ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืขืช ืื”ื ืืืื ืฉื ืืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช ืืื ืืกืจ ืื ืืืืื ืจืฆื ืืฉื ืืืื ืก ืื”ื ืืืจื ืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืืช ืื”ื ืืืขืช ืื”ื.
ืื ืืื ื”ื ืื”ืฉ ืืชืฉื”ืฅ ื”ื ืงืฆ”ื (ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื) ืืืืื ืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืื ืืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื”ื (ืืื ืจืง ืืจ’ ืืืกื ืืืืืจืื ืค”ื ื”ื, ืื ืืจืื”ื ืจืืฉ ืื’ ืืืืจืื ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืช”ืง ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื, ืืื”ืช ืคืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืช ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืจ’ ืืืกื), ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ื ืฆืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืกืชื ืื”ื (ืกื ื’ ื’ ืข”ื) ืืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืขืจื ืืงืื (ืข’ ืืืืช ืืฃ ื’), ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืจืื ืืฆืืืช. ืืื ืืจืืืช ื’ ืขืืืื. (ืืฆ”ื ืืืฃ ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉืช ื”ื ื”ื ืืื”ื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืง ืื”ื ืืืคื).
ืืข”ืข ืืฉื ืืืื ืจ”ืค ืจืื ืฉืืงืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชื’ ืืื’ ืฉื ืชืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืืฉืื ื”ื, ืืชื’ ืื ืืฆืืช ืืฉืื ื”ื ืืคืฉืจ ืืงืืืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื. ืื ืจืื ืคืฉืื ืืืืื ืชื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืื”ื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืื ื ืื”ื. ืื ืง’ ืื”ื ืื ืชื’ ืืื’ ืืจืื ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืฉืื ื”ื ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ื”ื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ.ย ืื”ื ืืืคืจืฉ ืืจืื ืืฆืืืช ืืืื ื ืื”ืฉ ืืชืฉื”ืฅ.
ืืชืืจื ืืืืืช ื'
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโl
“ืืชื ืขืจื ืืขืคืจ ืงืืื”
ืืคืืื ‘ืืื ืืืื’ ืคืชื ืืคืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืชืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืช – “ืฉืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจย ืืื”, ื”ืืงืจืืช ืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืืื”, ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืืื – “ืืงืืฉ ืขืืจ ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฆืื ืืชืื ืืืคืืื”.
ืืืฉ ืืืืจ, ืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืื ืขืกืืง ืืืขืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืื ื ืคื ืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื, ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืช ื ืคื ื ืืื ืืื ืขืกืงืื, ืืืืื ืืขืช ืืจืืืื ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืืชืฉืืื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ื – “ืืชื ืขืจื ืืขืคืจ ืงืืื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืชืคืืจืชื ืขืื”.
ืืขื ืื ืขืชื ืืคืจืืก ืืฉืืช ืื ืคืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืขืืจืจ ืืกืืืืงื ืฉื ืฆืืืง. [ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืกืคื, ืืื ืืืจื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืืืื].
ืืืชืช ืฆืืืงืื
ืืืจืย ืื”ื (ืจ”ื ืื, ื) “ืฉืงืืื ืืืชืช ืฆืืืงืื ืืฉืจืืคืช ืืืช ืืืืงืื ื”, ืืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืืฉ. ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืงืฉื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืขืงืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืขืืจืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืชืฉืืื, ืืื ืืืชืช ืฆืืืงืื ืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืงื”ื.
ืืืืขย ืฉืจืืื ื ืืืจื”ืฉ ืืฆ”ื ืืื ืื ืืืจื, ืืืื ื ืืื ืขืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืื ืืืื ื ืคืืจืย ืืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืจื”ืฉ ืืฆ”ื ืืืื, ืขื ืฉืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืืืจื. ืืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืฉืืืข ืืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืืคืกืงื, ืืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืชืขื ืื ืืช ืืฉืื ืืืจ ืืืจ, ืจืง ืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจืชื ืืื ื ืื ืขืื ืื, ืืคืจืืฉืืช ืืื ืขื ืื ื ืืขืื”ื ืืืืคื ืืืคืื.
ืืืฉ ืืืชืืื ื, ืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืขืช ืืชืืจื ืืืชืืืชื.
ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืข”ื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื
ืื ืย ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืฉื, ืืืื ืื ืฉืืงืืืืื ืืื ืืช ืจืฆืื ืืืืจื ืืช”ืฉ, ืืฉืจ ืื ืชืืืืช ืืืืชื ื ืืขืืื, ืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืช ืฉืขืืื ืืฉ ืืขืืื ืขืชื;
“ืื ืืชื ืืืืงืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืงืืื ืืขื” (ืชืคืืืช ืจ”ื) – ืจืง ืืงื”ื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืช ืืงืืืืื ืืขื, ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืงืืื, ืืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืง ืืงื”ื, ืืจืง ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืง ืืงื”ื ืืืชืืจืชื, ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืฆื ืืืืืช ืงืืื ืืขื. ืืืืืงืืช ืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืืช ื’ ืืื ืืืืืงืืช ืืืืืื ืื.
ืืื ืย ืฉืืื ืื”ื (ืกืคืจื, ืืืื ืฉื ืืจืฉ”ื) ืขื ืืคืกืืง “ืืืืืช ืืช ื’ ืืืืงืื” (ืืืจืื ื, ื) ‘ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื’. ืืืื ื ืื ืืฆืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืื”ื ืฉืืื ืื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืืืช, ืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืฆืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช, ืืืฆื ืืื ืืฆืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืื’, ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืฉ ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืืฆื ืืขืฉืืชื, ืืืื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืฉื ืื ืื ืืจืืฉืช ืืื, ืืขื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืื”ื ‘ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื’, ืืืฆื ื ืืชื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืช ืื ืื.
ืืืืย ืขื ืื ืืชืฉืืื ืืืืจืืื; “ืืืืืช ืืช ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืื’ ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืื” ืืื’ – ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืื – “ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื”, ืฉืืชืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืงื”ื ืืืืืง ืืืจืืื. – ืขื ืืื “ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื” ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืืืืข ืืืืจืช ืืงื”ื, ืืืื ืกืืืืชื ืฉื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืช ืืงื”ื. ืืืชืื ืืืจืช ืืงื”ื, ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจืื, ืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืืืืชืื ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื, ืืืชืื ืืืจืช ืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืกื ืืจืืืื, ืืชืื ืื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืืชื.
ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืฆืจืืื ืกืืืขืชื ืืฉืืื
ืืืื ืย ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืื ืกืืืขืชื ืืฉืืื ืืจืืื, ืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื “ืืฉืืช ืขื ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืงืืื ืืื’ ืืื ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืจืขื ืืืืื ืืช ื’ ืืืืงืื’ (ืืืจืื ื, ื-ื), ืืขืื ืขื ืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืืจืื”ื, ืฉืืืจ ืฉื ืืืจ “ืืฉืืช ืขื ื’ ืืืืงืื”, ืืจื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื, ืื”ื ืื ืฆืืจื ืขืื ืืืืืืช “ืืื ื’ ืืช ืืืื”. ืืืืืจ ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืคืกืืง “ืืฉืืช ืขื ื’ ืืืืงืื” ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืฉืฉื ืืืจ, ืืื ืขื ‘ืืื ืืืืืจ’ ืฉืืกืืืขืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืฉืื ืืจืื”ื; “ืืื ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืช ืืืื” – ืืื ืฉืืืจื (ืฉืืช ืงื.) ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืกืืืขืื ืืืชื, ืืืืืื ืฉืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืืชื’.
ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืื ื (ืจืืฉ ืฉืขืจื ืชืฉืืื) ืื”ื; ืืืชืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืื ืืขืืืจ ืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืืืขื ืืฉืืช, ืืืืืฉ ืืงืจืื ืจืื ืืืจื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืช ืืืืชื, ืฉื ืืืจ “ืืฉืืช ืขื ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืงืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืคืฉื. ืืืืืจ ืืืืฃ ืืขื ืื “ืืื ื’ ืืืืงืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืจืขื” – ืืืฉืื ืืืืชื.
ืืจื, ืฉืืื ื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืข ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืชืฉืืื ืืืจืื, ืืชืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืงืืืืช ืืคื ื ืืงื”ื, ืืืื ืชืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืจืช ืืืชืจ, ืืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆื ืืืขื ืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืืืืื, ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ – ืืกืืืข ืืืื ืืงื”ื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืช ืืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืชืฉืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื.
“ืืชืืคืกื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืขืื ื”
ืืืฃ ืฉืืืืชย ื’ ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืขืืงืจืื ืฉืืชืืจื, ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืช ื’, ืฉืข”ื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืงื”ื ืืืืืขืื ืืืืืชื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืื ืืืชืืจืชื ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ืืื ืืืฉ – ‘ืงืื”ื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื’. ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื – ืืจื ืืขืืงืจ ืืกืจ ืื ืืกืคืจ. ืืืื ื ืืฃ ืืืจืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื, ืืืืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืื”ื, ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืจืื ืืจืื ื (ืืืื ืขื:) ‘ืืืืืชื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืชืืจืชืื ืชืจืชื ืืืื ื’, ืืื ืฉืขื ืขื ืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืงืฉืืช ‘ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจืื’, ืฉืืฃ ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืขืฉื, ืืื ืืงืื ืขื ืื ื ืืจืืจ ืืืืืืจ, ืฉืืชืื ืืชืืื ื ืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืขืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืจืื, ืืื ืืชืืืจ ืืืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืข ืืืื, ืืจืง ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืคืจืฉ ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื.
ืืขืย ืืืจ ืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืคืืจื ืืฉืืืข ืื’ ืืคืืจืขื ืืชื; “ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ื’ย ืืชืืคืฉื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืขืื ื” (ืืจืืื ื, ื), ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืชืืคืกื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืืื, ืืขืืืื ืชืืข ืฉืื ืืืขื ืืช ื’. ืืืืืืืจ ืืื, ืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืขืืกืงืื ืืชืืจื – ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืช ืืงื”ื ืืืืืืง ืืืจืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืืชื, ืืขื ืื ื ืชืืขื; “ืชืืคืฉื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืขืื ื” – ืื ืืืืจื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืช ื’ ืืืืืชื, ืืื ืืกืจ ืขืืงืจ ืืชืืขืืช ืืืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืชืื ืขืืืื ืชืืจืชื.
ืืืืืย ืชืืจื ื ืืื ืืืืืชื ืืื ืจืง ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืช ื’ ืืืืืื ืืืืืืชืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืชืืจื.
‘ืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ’
ืืื ืย ืืื ืืจืืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืชืื ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืื, ื’ืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืฃ ืืชื ืืื ืจืืื’ ืืื’, ืืืื ืืจื ืืืช ืืฆืื ื ืฉืืืืืช ืืช ืืื, ืืืื ืืฉืืื. ืฉืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื ืืื ืฉืืื, ืืชืืจืชื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืฉืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืืชืื (ืืฉืื ื, ืื) “ืืจืืื ืืจืื ื ืืขื ืืื ื ืชืืืืชืื ืฉืืื”.
ืืืย ืื ืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืื, ืืืื ืืชืจืื ื ืขื ืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืื. ืืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืื ื ืืชืคืืืช ืื ืื ืฉื ืฉืืช – “ืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ”. ืืืื ืคืืจืืฉื ืจืง ืฉืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืืช, ืฉืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืช, ืฉืืื ืฉืชื ืืืืืช ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฆืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืชืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืช, ืืจืง ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืื ‘ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ’.
ืืืขืย ืืืืจ, ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉ ืจืฆืื ื ืืชืืืชื, ืืืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืง ืืืจ ืจืฆืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืช, ืืืื ืฉืืคืฅ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืืืืชืื ืืื, ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืจืฆืื ืืช ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืงื ื ืืื, ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืงืช ืืคืืจืื (ืขื’ ืฉืข”ืช ื, ืื). ืืื ืจื ื ืฉืคื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืืจืืช, ืขื ืื ืช ืืกืคืง ืืช ืจืฆืื ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืืืช.
ืืื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื, ืืืชืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉืื ‘ืืื ืืื’. ืื ืืืืืช ืืงื”ื ืืืชืฉืืงื ืืืืืืง ืื, ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืจืฆืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืืง ืืงื”ื ืืืชืืจืชื, ืืขื ืืื ืื ื ืขืฉืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืงืื ืืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื, ืืืื “ืงืื”ื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื”.
ืืืืืืขย ืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืฉืืื, ืฉืขืืื ืืจื ืืืื”ืง ืืฉื ื, ืืืฃ ืฉืขืกืงื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืืืช ืืกืืื, ืื ื ืืจื ืืื ืขื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ื. ืืืื ืงืฉื ืืฃ ืื’ ืขืืืจืืช ืฉืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืช ืจืืฉืื, ืืืฃ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืช ื”ื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืืจ, ืฉื ืืช ืืื ื ืงืฉื ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืื’ ืขืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื, ืืืื ืืฉื ืืช ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืจืืืฉ ืฉืืื, ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืขืฉื ืืืืืง ืืืจืืจ, ืืื ืืจืืฉืช ืืื, ืืงืฉื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ื ืืช ืืืืจื, [ืืืคืจื ืืืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆ”ื, ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ื ืืชืขื ืืื ืืืืืจื], ืืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืชืขืืจืจ ืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื. ืืืื ืขืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืจืงื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืขืื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืืชืขืืืช ืืืืืชื ื.
ืืื, ืืกืืย ืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืงื”ื, ืืืืื ืืช ืืงื”ื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืจืช ืืจืืื, ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืกื, “ืืื ื’ ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืขืฉืื”. ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืขืฆืื, ืืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืช, ืฉืื ืืขืืชื ืืชืคืืจืชื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื, ืืขื ืืื ืื “ืงืื”ื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื”.
ืืืช ืฉืืืชื
“ืืืชย ืฉืืืชื ืืืช ื’ ืืืชื ืืืงืฉ – ืฉืืชื ืืืืช ื’ ืื ืืื ืืื”, ืืืื ืืืื ืข”ื ืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืงืฉื ืืืช – “ืฉืืชื ืืืืช ื'”, ืืฉืืช ืืืืืืชย ืืชืืจื, ืืืืืืข ืืืืจ ืืืืข”ื ืืช ืคืจืง ืงื”ื ืฉืืชืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืกื ืขื ืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืงืฉืช ืืฉืืชื.
ืจืืื ื ืืืจื”ืฉ ืืืืฉืื ืืฆ”ื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืช – ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืขืชื, ืื ืืขืกืืง ืืืชื ืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืืขืืื, ืจืง ืืืืืงืืช ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืื ืืื – “ืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ื’ ืืืืงืจ ืืืืืื”, ืืืื ืฉืขื ืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืืช ืื ืืขื ื’, ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืงื”ื ืืืืืืง ืื.
ื ืืืย ืืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืขืกืืง ืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ, ืืืชืื ืื ื ืืืข ืืืืจืช ืืงื”ื ืืืืืืชื, ืฉืืื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืช ืจืขืื ืืืืืืข ืืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื – “ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ”, ืืืืืืช ืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืื ื ืืชืืจื, ืืขืื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืื.
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Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
Churban: An Opportunity for Closeness
The Three Weeks
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
We are now in the period of Bein Hametzarim, beginning the Nine Days. Itโs the time of churban, of galus. And many people feel uncomfortable about this time, because on one hand weโre supposed to be sad, but on the other hand a lot of people donโt really feel sadness. Itโs very hard to connect with the concept of the Beis Hamikdash and feel the lack of hashraโas hashechinah, which is so beyond our comprehension. And thatโs in a better scenario. For some people, the main talk during the Three Weeks is all about after Tisha B’Av โ where am I going after Tisha B’Av, what are we doing after Tisha B’Av, etc. Before Tisha B’Av theyโre just waiting for after Tisha B’Av.
Of course, thatโs not what this time is supposed to be. Bein Hametzarim is a time of avodas Hashem like every other tekufah of the year.
I would like to focus on one point that can be a catalyst for contemplation and growth during these days of Bein Hametzarim. On one hand, these days of churban and galus are, by definition, a time of distance from Hakadosh Baruch Hu. On the other hand, we find two places where Chazal tell us that this is also a time of kirvah to Hashem and ahavah that cannot be achieved at other times.
The Gemara (Yoma 54) states that when the non-Jews entered the Kodesh Hakodashim when they were destroying the Beis Hamikdash, they saw that the keruvim were
embracing each other. This was a sign of extreme ahavah that Hakadosh Baruch Hu was showing Klal Yisrael, and although the time of the churban Beis Hamikdash was the worst time for Klal Yisrael, it was actually a time of tremendous kirvah and ahavah.
A similar idea is derived from the passuk in Eichah that states: ืึผึธื ืจึนืึฐืคึถืืึธ ืึดืฉึผืึดืืืึผืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึฐืฆึธืจึดืื. The word ืจึนืึฐืคึถืืึธ can be read as rodeif Kah, and the passuk can be explained to mean that anyone who pursues Hashem during Bein Hametzarim will reach Him. In the good times, we wonโt necessarily be able to find Hakadosh Baruch Hu, but if we seek Him during the difficult times we will be able to reach him. This ability to reach Hashem also reflects kirvah and ahavah to Hakadosh Baruch Hu.
These two ideas of kirvah โ the kruvim embracing each other and the opportunity to pursue and reach Hakadosh Baruch Hu โ come from two opposite directions. The embrace of the kruvim is Hakadosh Baruch Hu showing his ahavah towards us, and the search for a higher level of closeness to Hakadosh Baruch Hu that is available during the time of churban and difficulty is Klal Yisraelโs initiative.
I would like to discuss each of these two ideas in greater depth.
The Sendoff Embrace
The Gemaraโs statement about the kruvim embracing each other at the time of the churban seems to contradict a teaching of the Gemara in Bava Basra (99). The kruvim are described in the Torah as facing each other โ ืึผืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึดืืฉื ืึถื ืึธืึดืื, and in Divrei Hayamim as facing outward: ืึผืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึดืช. The Gemara in Bava Basra reconciles this apparent contradiction by explaining that when Klal Yisrael is fulfilling Hashemโs will, the kruvim face each other, which is a sign of Hashemโs closeness, and when Klal Yisrael is not doing Hashemโs will, Hashem turns away from us, so to speak, and the kruvim express that distance by turning away from each other.
We would assume that at the time of the churban, when Klal Yisrael reached the nadir of not fulfilling Hashemโs will, the kruvim would have faced away from each other. Yet Chazal tell us the opposite: not only were they facing each other, but they were actually embracing, which is a stronger sign of affection and love. How can that be?
Perhaps we can explain this according to a mashal that the Chofetz Chaim brings in his sefer Shem Olam in a different context, related to the topic of emunah. Imagine that a father has a few children who grow up and build their own homes. One child became extremely prosperous and successful. Another child managed to earn a living, but when he encountered major expenses โ Yom Tov, or a wedding โ he needed some help. And a third child just couldnโt make a living; whatever business he tried his hand at did not succeed.
The father loves all of these three children, but which one receives the most attention and concern from him? The rich one is independent and has everything he needs; the father speaks to him, but he doesnโt have to be closely involved in his life. The second child, the father has to help here and there, writing him a check for Yom Tov, or getting involved when thereโs some other major expense. But itโs the third child, the one who canโt get his act together, who receives the most attention from his father. The father is filled with rachmanus for this child, and is involved in his every step, helping him out and trying to put him on his own two feet.
The same is true of Klal Yisrael at different times. When Klal Yisrael is at its best and doing well, Hashem is very happy with us. But when Klal Yisrael becomes poor and dysfunctional in their ruchniyus and is incapable of standing on its own two spiritual feet, Hakadosh Baruch Hu has to be closely involved with us, just to keep us going.
That close involvement is represented by the embrace of the kruvim. At that difficult time, when we were going into galus and facing a situation in which it would be very hard to function as Yidden, Hashem was showing us that He would be closely involved with us. On one hand, it was a time of churban and sadness, but on the other hand, because of that very churban, Hakadosh Baruch Hu had to become more engaged in our lives than at times when things were going well. This couldnโt be a time of distance, even though Klal Yisrael was not fulfilling Hashemโs will, because if Hashem had distanced Himself, that would have been the end of us; we would never have been able to get through galus. Hakadosh Baruch Hu had to embrace us at that moment and maintain that closeness throughout the galus in order for us to survive on some level.
True Love vs. Self-Love
Then thereโs the concept of ืึผึธื ืจึนืึฐืคึถืืึธ ืึดืฉึผืึดืืืึผืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึฐืฆึธืจึดืื: that a Yid has a greater opportunity to initiate closeness to Hakadosh Baruch Hu at a time of churban than at times when things are going well. The Mesilas Yesharim expresses a similar idea in the perek about chassidus, when he explains that itโs easy to love Hashem when things are going well, but if a person manages to see Hashemโs Hand when things are not going well and love Him even then, thatโs pure ahavas Hashem.
When everything is going well, itโs very possible that a big chunk of our love for Hashem is really love for ourselves. Often, when a person thinks he loves someone, itโs because that person is making him feel good. His love for the other person is bound up with a lot of self-love. Similarly, in good times we may think weโre loving Hashem, when actually weโre loving all the good that He is showering on us. But when a person is going through a hard time and still feels love for Hashem, that is a sign of true loyalty and ahavah.
This pure ahavas Hashem can be attained only during difficult times. Therefore, although we certainly do not relish times of churban and galus, these times present unique opportunities to feel Hashemโs love and also to work on attaining true, selfless ahavas Hashem.
This is relevant to Klal Yisrael as a whole, and to every individual on a personal level. Every person goes through painful times โ their personal Bein Hametzarim โ and the avodah during these times is to realize that even though itโs hard, the very difficulty presents an opportunity to feel Hashemโs kirvah and ahavah and show Him kirvah and ahavah as well.