ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Finkel, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Chaim Zev ztโl
ืืืงืืื ืขื ืืฉื ืืขื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ืจื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืงืืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื’ ืืืืืข ืชืชื ืฉืื ืขื ืงืื ื’ (ืื, ื)
ืืืฉื ื: ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืงืช ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืื ืืืืืงืช ืืื ืืฉืืื. ืืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืื ืืืืืงืช ืงืจื ืืื ืขืืชื (ืืืืช ืค”ื ืื”ื).
ืขืืื ื ืืืขืช ืื ืงืจื ืืขืืชื ืื ืืื ืกืชื ืื ืฉืื ืคืฉืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง, ืงืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืืขื ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืงืืืฉ, ืืืืชืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืฉื ืกื ืืืจืืืช ืฉื ืขืืื ืขืื ืืื “ื ืฉืืื ืขืื ืงืจืืื ืืืขื ืื ืฉื ืฉื”, ืืคื ืฉืืขืื ืืืชืื ืขืืืื (ืคืกืืง ื”ื), ืืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืืืืงืชื, ืืืื ืืืคื ืืฉืืืขืื ืื”ื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืงืช ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืื ืืืืืงืช ืงืจื ืืื ืขืืชื.
ืืืืจ ืืื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื: ืืืฉื ื ืจืฆืชื ืืืจืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืขืื, ืืงืืืข ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฉื ืฉืืื. ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฉืจ ืืื ืงืจืืื ืืืืชืจ ื”ืฉื ืฉืืื” – ืืืื ืืืช ืขืืืื ืืื ื ื ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืขื ืื ืช ืืืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืื ืืืง ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืื. ืื ืืืฉื ื ื ืงืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืืงืช ืงืจื ืืขืืชื, ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืฆืื ืืช ืืืืชืจ, ืืืื ืืืืืืงืช ืฉืืืจืืง ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืงืช ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืขื ืืืืชืจ.
ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืืจ ื ืื ืฆื ืฉืืื”ื
ืืชื ื ืฉื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื”ื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Finkel, Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi ztโl
ืืืืืงืช ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืกืืคื ืืืชืงืืื
ืกืืคืจ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื:
ืืืืจื ื ืืื ืฉืกืืคืจ ืื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื, ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืขืืจ ืืืฉืืืช ืืขืื ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืจืืื ืืฆืืื”ื ืืืงืฉืืช ืื ืงืืฉืื ืืืืจ ืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืขืืจ, ืืืชืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืชืคืก ืื”ืจ ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืืฆืชื ืืืื ืืช ืจืืฉื ืืืืชืื ืืืช ืืืืจืฉ! ืืื, ‘ื ืขืฉื ืืืืืื ืื ืืช ืื’…
ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื, ืืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืืื, ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจืืื ืฆืขืืจืื, ืืฉืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืก”ื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืฆื ืชืืจื. ืืืืืจื ื ืื ืืขืช ืืืืืืื ื ืืืขื ื ืื ืคืขื ืืืื ‘ืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืืชื’ ืืืคืืื ืื ืื, ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ื ื’ืืืืืื ืื ืืื’, ืืืืชื ืื ืืจืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืช ืฉื ืกืืื ืขื ืืฉืืืื, ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื ืืืืื…
ืืื ืืืจ ืืฆืื ื ืืืจืืฉืืื (ืฉืืช ืค”ื, ื”ื) ืฉืืฃ ืืืืืืงืช ืฉื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืจืฆื ืืืงืืจ ืื ืืื ืืืจื, ืื ืขืฉื ืืืืืื ืืคืฉืืื, ืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืืชื ืื ืืืืืงืช ืืฉื ืฉืืื, ืืืืื ืืฃ ื ืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืื”ื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืฉื ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื. ืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืื ‘ืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืืชื’ ืืืืืงืช, ืืืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ‘ืื ืขืฆืืืชื ืชืืืจื ื’, ืืื ืื ืืจื ืืืฆืืื ืืืืืื. ืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืขืจ ืื ‘ืงื ืืช ืกืืคืจืื’ ืืืื ืฉืืืื ‘ืืืื’ ืืืจื ืชืืืืื. ืืชืจ ืขื ืื, ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืคืขืื ืืช ืชื ืืขืืชืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืช, ืืืืืืจ ืื ืขื ืืข ืฉื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจื ‘ืืืืืื’, ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืช ืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืฉ ืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืื ืื. ืืืคื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืืฆื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืจื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืชืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืืคืง ืืฆืืขืง ืืชืื ืจืืชืื ืขืฆืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืคืืข ืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืืืง ืืืืืื ืื.
ืืื ื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืชืื ื’ืืืื’ ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื. ืืืืขื ืื ืืฆืื ื ืืฆื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื, ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ืืชืืืื ‘ืืืืืื ืื ืืื’, ืืืืื ืฉืืืืขืื ืืืืืืง ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืืืช ืืืคืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื, ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืขืฆืืื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืงืจื
ืืคืจืฉื ืื ืืจืขื
ืืื ืชืฉืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ื, ืข’ ืชืืืจื ื’ ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืจืขื ืขื ืืืคื. ืืข’ ืจืข”ื ืงืืืฉืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืจืข ืขื ืืืคื, ืืฉืื ืขื ืืืคืจืฉื ืืขื”ื ืื ืขืืจ ืขื ืืืกืืจ.
ืืื ื ืข’ ืฉื”ืช ื”ืก ืื”ื ืฉ”ื ืืฉืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืืืจื ืคืขื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืฆื ืืจืื ืืืืื, ืื ืชืงื ืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืจืืฆื ืืืคืจืืฉ ืืืคืืื ืื ืืกืืฃ ื ืขืงืจ ืืืคืจืฉื. (ืืืขืื ืื ืข’ ืชืขื ืืช ื”ื ืืชืืก’ ืืฉื ืื”ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืชืขื ื ืืืชืืก’ ืกืืจื ืืืค”ื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืชื ืืืชืขื ืืช).
ืืืชื ืื”ืก ืฉื ืฉืืืจื ืืืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืื ืื”ื ืืกืคืจ ืืืืื ืืจืฉ”ืง ืกื’ ืช”ืจ, ืืื ืืจืฉ”ืฉ ื ืืจืื ื ”ื ืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืื, ืื”ื ืฆืืฅ ืืงืืืฉ ืกื’ ื’ ืืฉื ืืืืืช ืงืื ืืช ืกื’ ื”ื. ืืืืจ ืชืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืจ ื”ื ื”ื ืขื ืืจืฉ”ืฉ ืื ”ื.
ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืฉื ืืงื”ื ืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืืืคืจืฉื ืืืืืืจ ืืืคืจืืฉ ืขื ืืจืื ืืืชืงื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื, ืืืืจื ืขืจืื ืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื. ืืข’ ืื ื”ื ื”ื ืงื”ื ืืฉืื. ืื ืข’ ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืจ’ ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื”ื ื’ ื”ื ืฉืืงืฉื ืืื”ื ืืืื ืืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืงืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืคื ืื”ืก ืขืืืื ืขืฉื ืขืืืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืคืืื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืคืจืฉื.
ืืืืืงืช ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื
Finkel, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Binyomin Shlita
ืกืื ืช ืื ืืืขื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืืจืืืื ืืขืืช ืงืจื
ืขืืื ื ืืืชืืื ื ืืืืืืจ ืืคืฉื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืืจืืืื, ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืฆื ืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืฉื, ืืชืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืจืฉ”ื: ืื ืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืงืจื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืืืช, ืืืืชื ืฉืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืื. ืื ืืื ืจืืฉื ืืฉืจืื, ืฉืจื ืืืืฉืื (ืขืืื ืืขื”ื), ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจ ืืขื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืฆืื”ื ืืืืขืื ืืจ ืกืื ื, ืืจื ืืืจืืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ื ืคืื ื”ื ืืืื ืขื ืฉื ืขื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืขืื”ื, ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื.
ืืฆืจืื ืืืชืืื ื ืื ืืื ืคื, ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจืื, ืืื ืื ืื ื ื ืืืจ ืงืฆืช ืื ืฉื ืืืข ืืืื ื, ืื ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืฆืื ื, ืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืคืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืฉื, ืืฉื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืงืืื ืื ืฉืืงื”ื ืจืืฆื ืืืืช.
ืืื ื ืจืฉ”ื ืืชื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืฉืื ืื: ืฉืื ืื โ ืืืขืชื, ืื ื ืืื ื ืืฆืื ืื, ืื ืชืจืฆื ืฉืื, ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืคื ืื ื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืชืงืจืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื’ ืืืฉื ื ืืื ืืฉืืื ื, ืืืจ, ืื ื ืืืจืชื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืื ืืชืื ืืขื ื ืืฆืจืื ืืื’ ืืืืื ืฉืื ื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืจื ืืืจืืืื, ืืืขื ืื ืืืจืฉืื. ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ืืช ืื ืฉื ืืืข ืืืื ื.
ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืืืื ื ื ืื ืกืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืื ืชืืงืื ืืฉืื ืขืื ืงืืื, ืืื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืื ื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ืืชืฉืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืืชืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืืงืื ืขืฉื ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืจืืื.
ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืคืจืฉืื ืฉืืืฉืฉ ืฉื ืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืขืื ืฉื ืฉืจื ืืืฉืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฉืืื ืืงืื ืื ืฉืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืฉืจื ืืื’, ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืฉืืจ ืืขื, ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืื ืฉืื ืชืืขืืช ืจืืื ืืช ืื ืคืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืืืืช ืฉืืืืชื ืืื ื ืืืขื ืืืืื ืกืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืก ืื”ื, ืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืื, ืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืจืืขืื ืืืื, ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืขื ืื ืคืื, ืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืข”ื ืื ืืืขื ืฉืื, ืืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืขืืช ืืข”ื ืฆืจืื ืืขืืื ืฉืื ืืืขื ืื ืชืืืื ืืช ืืืื.
ืื ื ืจืืืื ืืืจ ื ืืจื, ืืชืื ืืคืกืืง: ืืืืื ืขื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืืจืชื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืชืื ืื. (ืื ืื). ืื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื, ืืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืงืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืืช, ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืขื ืขื ืืื ื”ื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืงืืชื.
ืชืืจื ืืขืฆืืื ืืฉืืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืขื ื ืืื ืฉืืกืคืืง ืืืฉืคืื ืฉืืื, ืืื ืืฉืขืจ, ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืชืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืจืง ืคืจื ืืื, ืชืืจื ืืขืฆืืื ืืื ืืจืขืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืืกืืช ืฉื ืืืฅ ืจืืืื ืื, ืืื ืืชืื ื ืื ืื ืืชืื ื ืฉืืฉ ืื ื ืขืืฉืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืืื ืืชืืืขืื, ืืื ืชืื ื ืืืื ืืืฉ, (ืขืืื ืืชืืืืช ืงืื ื ืกืืฃ ืืขืืื, ืืืจืฉ”ื ืคืจ’ ืงืืฉ ืื ืืคืจ’ ืื), ืืจืง ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืืช ืืืื ืื ืืขืืจืจ ืจืืฉ ืืืจืืฉื ืฉื ืฉืคืข ืืืื.
ืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืชืืืื ื
ืจืฉ”ื ืืืื ืืช ืืื’ ืืกืืื: ืืืืฉืข ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื, ืืคื ืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืชืืืื ื, ืืื ืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืขื ืคืืจืืช ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืคืข ืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืจื ืืช’ ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื ืืฉื ืฉืคืืจื ืืฉืื ื ืื ืขืื ืืฉืื ื, ืืืืื ืืืื ืกืืื ืขืืื ืื ืฉื ืืจื ืื ืืืขื ืฉืคืืจืืช ืืืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืขืืื ืืฉืชืืฉื ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืืื. ื ืืจื.
ืืืืฆืืื ืืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ ืชืจื ืืชื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ ืขืืจื ื ืื ืืชืืจ ืืชื ืืจืฅ ืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืืฉืจ ืจืืื ื ืืชืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืช (ืื ืื). ืืืชื ืจืฉ”ื ืืื ืืงืื ืฉืขืืจื ื ืืฆืื ืื ืงืืืจื ืืชืื. ืืืงื”ื ืขืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชื ื ืื ืืืื. ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืคืื ืืืชืืื ื, ืืจื ืืงื”ื ืืืจ ืื ื ืืืจืชื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชื ืจืืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืจืืืื, ืฉืื ืื, ืืื”ื ืืืจื ืฉืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืืื, ืืงื”ื ืขืฉื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืกืชืืื ืืืขืกืืง ืืช ืืืฉืื ืืืจืฅ ืขื ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืืจื, ืฉืื ืืจืฅ ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื.
ืืจื ืืกืืืืคืืขืจ ืืกืคืจื ืื ืืื ืืจืืช ืคืจืฅ ืืืืจ ืืช ืืขื ืื ืืื, ืื ืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืขืืจ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืงื”ื ืื ืกืืื ืืืขื ื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืจืฅ ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื, ืืืืืจ, ืฉืืจื ืืชืื ืืื’ ืืืชืืืืช (ืกื ื): ื”ื ืืืืชื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉื ืืืืคื ืชืืื ืื ืืืชื. ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื: ืืฉื ืืืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืงืืืจื ืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืคืืืช ืืืืช ื’ ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืืืืช. ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืฆื ืฉื ืงืืืจืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ื”ื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืืืช, ืืืืจืืืื ืืืจืืชื ืืขืฆืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืืืจืฅ ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืชืืืขื ืขืืืื, ืืื ื ืจืืืื ืฉืื ืืช ืื ืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืคื ืืืจ ืืื ืืจืข.
ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืื ื ืจืืืื ืฉืืืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืขื, ืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื, ืืื’ ืื”ื ืืชืื ืฉืขื ืืืื ืืื ืงืจื ื ืืฆื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงืืืช ืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืืชื ืื, ืืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืชื ืืกืืื ืฉื ืงืจื ืืืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืคืขื, ืืืชื ืจืฉ”ื ืืชืืืืช ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื: ืืื ืจืื ืงืจื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ื ืชืงื ื ืขื ื ืฉืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืฆืคื ืืื’, ืืงืจื ืฉืคืืงื ืืื ืื ืจืื ืืฉืืืช ืื, ืืื ืืื ืฆืืืง, ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื, ืืื ืืื ื ืชืงื ื, ืืื ืื ืงื ืื, ืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืื ืงื ืื, ืืงื ืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืจืฆื ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืงืื ื ืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื, ืืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืื”ื, ืืจืฆื ืืืืืช ื ืฉืื, ืืคืกืืง ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืงืืช ืขืืจื ืืืฆืืจ ืืืจืื ืืขืืืืื, ืขืืจื ืืืืื, ืืฆืืจ ืืฉื ื, ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืขืืืืื ืืจืืืขื, ืืื ื ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืฆืคื ืื ืขืืืืื ืข”ืค ืืืืืืจ, ืืงืจื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืฆืืจ, ืืื ืืืืข ืื, ืืืกืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืชืงื ื.
ืืื ื ืื ืงืจื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืชืืื ืืืขืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืฉื ืืืขื ืื ืืช ืืขื ืืชืื, (ืืืืขืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืืขื ื ืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืคืืช ืื ืขืืื ืืืชืขืจื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืื ืื ืชืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืื ืืช ืฉืชื ืืขืืืืืช), ืืงืจื ืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืฉืืืืช, ืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืคืืืจื, ืืืช ืืื ืกืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืคืืืจ, ืืขื ืืื ืืืืฆื ืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืืฆืืื ืืฆืจืฃ ืืืืื ืืช ืขืืชื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืฉื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืขื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืืืช ืืื.
ืืืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืฉ, ืืจื ืงืจื ืืื ืืืืืืฉ ืืช ืื ืืืืชืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉืืืื ืชืืืช, ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื”ื: ืช”ืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืคื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขืื ืฉื ื ืืืืื ืฆืืืขืื ืชืืืช ืืคืืื ืืืื ืืงืจืื (ืื ืืืช ืื ื). ืื ื ืจืืืื ืฉืืชืืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืจ ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืจื ืง”ื ืืงืืช ืืืชืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืจื, ืืืคืืื ืงืจื ืฉืขืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืืจ, ืขืืฉืจ ืฉืืืจ ืืืขืืื ืืจืขืชื, ืืื ืืืช ืืืืืจ ืขื ืืื ืขืชืง ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืฆืจื ืืื, ืืจื ืืช ืืืชื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืคื ื ืขืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืื.
ืืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืคืฉื ืืื ืฉืงืจื ืจืฆื ืืืืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืืืงื,ย ืืื ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืช, ืืืืช ืืืืจืช ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืกืืจ, ืืขื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืฆื ืฉื ื ืืืขื ืืื ืืฆืืจืคื ืืงืจื.
ืืื ื ืืงืคืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื
ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืืืงืื ืขืืืื ืงืจื, ืืชื ืจืฉ”ื: ืืืืจื ืืืฆื ืืช, ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืชื ืืืชื, ืืกืืืจืื ืืชื ืฉืขืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืงืคืื, ืืื ื ืืงืคืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ื, ืขื ืฉื ืชืคืชื ืืืื. ืืื ื ืืืขื ื ืฉื ืงืจื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื, ืืื ื ืืงืคืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืชืช ืืื, ืืจื ืืขืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืคืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืขื ืืื ื”ื ืงืฉื ืฉืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืฆื ืืช ืืขื”ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืชืคืชื ืืืืฉ”ื ืจืฉ”ื ืข”ื ืืืฆื ืืช, ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืืืชืืช ืืขื ืื ืืื.
(ืื ื ืืจืืืฉ ืชืืื ืืฉืืืืขืื ืืคืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืงืฉื, ืืจื ืคืจืฉืช ืืืจืืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ืคืจืฉืืช ืงืฉืืช, ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื”ื ืืืืืื ืื ืคืื, ืฉืืขืชื ืืฆืืืงืื ืฉืงืจื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืื, ืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืื, ืืื”ื ืคืจืฉืช ืืืงืช, ืืื ืืฉื ืืืืจื, ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื, ืื ืขืืืื ืงืฉื ืืฉืืืื ื, ืืื”ื ืืฉืืืืข ืคืจืฉืช ืืืง ืื ื ื ืจืืขืื, ืืืขื ืฉืืงืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืฆื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืงื”ื ืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืงื ืขื ืื ืฉืื, ืืคืจืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืงืฉืืช ืืื ืคืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ื).
ืืืืขืฉื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช, ืื ื ืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืกืืืืคืืขืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืคืขืืช ืืคืืืืืืืช ืื ืื ื ืืืขืืช ืื ืืืขืืช, ืื ื ืจืง ืจืืฆื ืืืกืืืจ ืื ืื ืืคืืื, ืื ืื ื ืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืงืืขืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืง ืืืขืช ืืื ืื ื ืจืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืขืื ืืช ืืื ืฉืื, ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื ืกืืืืื ืืืืชื ืจืืฉย ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืืืื ื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืชืืืื ืืฆืื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืช ืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืช ืื ืืืื, ืืืืืจืช ืืืืคืื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจ, (ืืื ืคืขื ืืืจ ืืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืงืืื, ืื ืืืจ ืืืฉืื), ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืข ืื ืืืขื, ืืื ืืฉืื ืข ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆืื ื, ืืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืฉืืฉื ื ืขืฉื ืืช ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช, ืืกืืจ ืืืืืช ืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืงืื ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืงืจื , ืืื ืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืืฉืื ืข ืืช ืื ืืกืืืื ืฉืื.
ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืช.
ืื ืืืืชื ืืขืฆื ืจืขื ืืฃ ืืืืืชื ืืขืฆื ืจืขื
ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืืข ืืืื ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืช ืืืจืืืื ืืจื ืืงื”ื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืจืืืื, ืืืืืชืจ ืฉืืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืืืจ, ืืืชื ืจืฉ”ื ืืืืจืื: ืืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืืืจ. ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืืงืื, ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืชืืืืืช, ืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืจื ืื, ืืืจ ืื ืื, ื ืืชื ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืกืืื, ืืืจ ืื ืื, ืืืจืื ืืืืขืืช, ืืืจ ืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืจืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื, ืืืจ ืืืืงื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืขืืชืื ืืืื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืชื, ืืฃ ืื ื ืืืืืชื ืืืืจืืื, ืฉืื ืชืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืชืจืื ืืื ื ืืขืื, ืืืชื ืื ืืืจืชื ืืื. (ื ืื). ืืกืืืจ ืจืฉ”ื, ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืขืื ืื ืื ืื ืืจืืืชื ืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืื ืชืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืฆืจืื, ืืื ืื ืืชืขืงืฉื ืืจืืืช, ืืืืขื ื ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืฅ ืืืื.
ืืจืื”ื ืืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืฉืืฉ ืฉื ื ืกืืื ืืจืืืื, ืืฉ ืืจืืืื ืฉืืืืงืื ืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืืช, ืืืฉ ืืจืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืจืฅ, ืื ืืชืื ื ืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืขืื ืื ืื ืื ืืจืืืชื ืืช ืืืจ, ืืืืืง ืืื ืืจืคื ืืื ืืืจืฅ, ืืื’ ืืืฉื ืจืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืื ืชืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืืืืื, ืืืกืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืกืชืื ืจืง ืขื ื ืก. (ืืฉ ืืืื ืฉื ืืขืื ืืืกืืืจ ืืืืข ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืช ืืืจืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืื ”ื ืจืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืจืืืื ืืชืืจ ืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืื,ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืคื ืคืฉืืืช), ืืืืืช ืฉืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืฉืงืจื ืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืจืขื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืฉืืื.
ืจืฉ”ื ืืืื ืขื ืืคืกืืงย ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื: ืืื ืืืืื, ืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืชื ืืืืืชื, ืื ืืืืชื ืืขืฆื ืจืขื ืืฃ ืืืืืชื ืืขืฆื ืจืขื. (ืื ืื). ืืืช ืืืืจืช ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืฆื ืจืขื, ืืื ืคืื ืฉืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืขืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืจื ืืกืืืืคืืขืจ ืืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืขื, ืืืื ื ืื ืก ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืื ืคืืื ืฉืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืชื ืืืขืช ืจืฆืื ืื”ืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืขื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืืืขื ืืชืืืงืช, ืืืขืื ืืื ืืชืขืืืจืืช.
ืื ื ืื ืชืืื ืขืื
ืืืื ืืื’ ืืืืืื: ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืขืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืงื ืืื ื”ื ืฉืื ื ื ืืื ืงื ืืืืช ื”ื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืจืื ื ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืืื ืฉืืงื, ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืฉืืื ืกืืคืจืื ืื ืืืชืืืช ืฉืืชืืจื, ืืื ืฉืืงื ืฉืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืงืืื ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืชืืจื, ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืื ื’ ืืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืคืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืจืื ืืื ืชืืช ืืื ืืขืื ืืขื ืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืืืืื ืืคืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืชื ื ื’ ืืืืื ืืืจืืขื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืขืืื ืืื, ืื ื ืื ืชืืื ืขืื. (ืื ื). ืืืฉืืืืืื ืคืจืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืขืช, ืื ืขืืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืื ืื ื ืื ืงืื ืื, ืืื ื ืื ืชืืื ืขืื.
ืืขืฆื ืจืืฉืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืฆืืื ืืคืจืฉื, ืืฉืืื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืืขืฆืช ืืจืืืื ืืื ืจืฅ ืืงืืจื ืืืืช, ืืืืชื ืืงืฉื ืขืื ืจืืืื, ืจืืฉ”ืข ืชืขืืืจ ืื, ืื ืืืจ ืืฆืื, ืืื ืืืืฉืข, ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืืืจื ืืืชื ืงื ืืืฉืืขื ืืขืฆืช ืืจืืืื, (ืชืขืืื ื ืื”ื ืขื”ืช ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืข ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืื ืืืจื ืื ืืช ืืื), ืืื ืื ื ืจืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืชืคืืื, ืืื ืืืจ ืจืืฉืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืืชืคืื.
ืืืฉ ืืืชืืื ื ืืืืข ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืื ืืืงืฉ ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืจืืืื, ืืื ื ืืชืจืืื ืืื ืชื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืจื ืฉืชื ืืืืื ืฉืืกืืืจื ืื ื: ืืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืขื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืงืจื ืืฉื ืืืืฉืข ืืจ ื ืื ืืืืฉืข. ืืืจ ืฉืืฉื ืจืื ื ืจืื ืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉืข ืืื ืืชืคืื ืขืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืฉ ืื ืขื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืคืืื, ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืขื ืข”ื ืืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืืจ ืืื, ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืจืืฆืื ืืืืืช ืืืืื.
ืฉืืขืชื ืคืขื ืืจืื ืืืืขืืจ ืคืืฆืื ืกืงื ืืฆ”ื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืจื ืืืื”ื ืืฆ”ื ืืืืื”ื ืืืจืจ ืขื ืช”ื ืคืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืงืืืื ืืกืืืืช, ืืจืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืืืื”ื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืื ื ืืืขื ืงืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ื ืืื, ืืืืื”ื ื ืขืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืชืฉืืื, ืืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืืขื, ืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืฉืจืื ืืืจืืข ืฉืขืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืขื, ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืงืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืืขื, ืืื ืืจื ืื ืจืืื ืืื.
ืืืืขืฉื ืืื ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืืฆืจ ืืจืข ืขืืื ืขืืื, ืืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืืจืืฉ”ืข ืืืจืื ื ื’ ืืจืื, ืชืขืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืง’ ืืืืช ืืจื ืขืืืช ื’ ื ืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืคืชื, ืืชืืจื ืืืืืื, ืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืกืืืขืื ืืืชื ืื ืืงื”ื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืช ืื ืืืจ ืืงื”ื ืืืื ืื, ืืืืจ ืจืืฉืื ืืืชืคืื ืืจืื ืฉืื ืืืืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืข ืืืงื”ื, ืืื ืฉื ืื ืข ืืงื”ื ืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืืืืฉื, ืืื ืืื ืืืข ืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืงื.
ืืขืื ืขืฆื, ืื ืืื ืืจืืืฉ ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืืืช, ืืจื ืืกืื ืืกืืืืืงื ืืฆ”ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืืข ืฉืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืกืื ืืจื ื”ื ืืฆืืื ืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืงื ืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืงืฆื ืื ืืงืฆื, (ืื ื ืจืืฆื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืข ืืื ืืื ื, ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืืคื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืขืืื ืฉืื ื, ืืกืืจ ืฉืชืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืืื ืขื ืืื”ืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืขืก ืืื ืืืจ ืื, ืืืช ืืืืจืช ืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืข”ืค ืืืฆื ืจืื ืฉื ืืืชื ืจื, ืืกืืืืืงื ืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืื ืืชืืื ืงืืจืื ืื ืจืืืืง, ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืืช ื ืคืฉ, ืื ืืกืื ืืจืืืฉ ืฉืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืง ืงืืจืื, ืืืขืืืื ืืืืช ืขืฉืชื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืคืกืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืจืืืื).
ืื ืืื ืขืืืืชื ื, ืืื ืืื ืชืงืืืชื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืกืืืขืื ืืืชื, ืืงื”ื ืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืขืืืื ืืืืช, ืืฉื ืื ืืืจื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืชืืื ื ืขืฉื ื ื”ืจ ืืืงื”ื.
ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืกืจื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืง’ (ืชืืจืื ืืืืืืฉ ืืคื ืืื ืช ืืืืชื)
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Caplan, Harav Hagaon Yitzchok Shlita
Flowers, Not Force
Parshas Korach
Harav Hagaon Yitzchok Caplan shlita
Parshas Korach discusses the story of Korach vaโadaso. The Mishnah describes the dispute as that of Korach vaโadaso, not as a machlokes with Moshe Rabbeinu (Avos 5:17; see also Bamidbar 17:5). Moshe Rabbeinu wasnโt fighting with them.
What was the final result? The Torah tells us, ืึทืึนึผืืึฐืืึผ ืึดืชึผืึนืึฐ ืึทืงึธึผืึธื โ Korach and those with him disappeared. The earth miraculously opened its mouth, and they, their families, their possessions, and their tents were all swallowed up. The earth covered them as though they had never existed. The Mishnah (ibid. 5:6), tells us that Hakadosh Baruch Hu created the mouth of the earth during the week of Brias Haโolam, bein hashmashos just before Shabbos.
What happened to the 250 men who joined Korach’s rebellion and brought ketores? The Torah relates that a fire emanated from Hakadosh Baruch Hu and killed them.
When this occurred, Klal Yisrael were up in arms. โืึทืชึถึผื ืึฒืึดืชึถึผื ืึถืช ืขึทื ืืณ โ You killed all these people,โ they accused Moshe and Aharon.
Hakadosh Baruch Hu then brought a mageifah that swiftly killed 14,700 people. Yet even that was not enough to convince Klal Yisrael that Moshe Rabbeinu was right.
Finally, Hakadosh Baruch Hu told Moshe Rabbeinu: I have a way to cause the complaints of Bnei Yisrael to subside. Let each shevet bring a stick, to be placed in the Mishkan, and whichever shevetโs stick would sprout flowers, its leader would be shown to be the one I have chosen.
This is hard to understand. How would some sticks, of all things, convince Klal Yisrael? They didnโt even see where the sticks were placed; they were not allowed to enter the Mishkan. For all they knew, Moshe Rabbeinu didnโt even put them there. Maybe he placed only Aharonโs stick there!
The Sforno actually notes that in the end, each shevet came to retrieve their stick โ as the passuk states, ืึทืึธึผืึนืืึผ ืึทืึดึผืงึฐืืึผ ืึดืืฉื ืึทืึตึผืืึผ โ and each of them examined their stick to verify that it was indeed the one they had originally given to Moshe Rabbeinu. Each shevet had made some sort of identifying mark to ensure that the stick that was returned to them was their own.
The fact that Hakadosh Baruch Hu performed a mind-boggling miracle in which the earth opened its mouth and swallowed Korach and his followers and their possessions, no matter where they were, was not enough to convince them.
The fact that fire descended from Shamayim and consumed the 250 people who brought the ketores was not enough to convince them.
The fact that a mageifah from Hakadosh Baruch Hu killed 14,700 people was not enough to convince them.
But the stick of Shevet Levi that sprouted flowers โ that enough to convince them?
Settle it Softly
I think thereโs a powerful message here.
You can try to convince someone with strength. You can try to persuade them forcefully. If that doesnโt work, you can try even more force.
It still wonโt work.
Whatโs the way to convince someone? How can you cause someone to understand you and accept what youโre trying to say?
With flowers.
Take the stick, usually used to show force, and get it to produce flowers. Thatโll convince them.
True, the other methods seemed far more convincing. But if you really want someone to make shalom with you, if you really want someone to understand you, come to him with flowers. When you approach him with pleasantness, youโll be able to win him over.
This is true with a spouse. Itโs true with children. Itโs true with students, neighbors, colleagues, and anyone else.
There are two ways to go about proving your point. You can try to force the other person to see that youโre right. Or you can come with flowers, or a cake, and say, โLetโs work this out.โ
According to many Rishonim, the words in this parshah,ย ืึฐืึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืงึนืจึทื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธืชืึน, are actually a distinct lav. A person should not be like Korach.
This means that a person should stay away from machlokes. And the best way to stay away from machlokes โ or to restore shalom in the aftermath โ is by trying to make up in a pleasant fashion.
A Time for Peace
In light of the tragic death of a precious girl in Monsey a week or two ago, and the extraordinary strength shown by her father, who has been preserving shalom at all costs and encouraging others to pursue shalom as well, there has been a tremendous hisorerus over the past couple of weeks. Hundreds of people have performed acts of shalom. Some have ended disputes that had lasted for years.
When there is a hisorerus among the tzibbur, when people come together to strengthen their avodas Hashem, there is an added measure of siyata dโShmaya.
Letโs take advantage of that opportunity.
Each of us should spend a minute or two thinking: Is there anyone against whom I bear a grudge? Is there anyone with whom I have a machlokes? Is there a relationship lacking shalom that I have the ability to repair?
Maybe youโre right. Maybe youโre 100% right. And youโve even tried convincing the other person, but it hasnโt worked.
Try something else. Try convincing them with flowers.
I heard an amazing story about Rav Nissim Karelitz that illustrates how far a person should go for shalom.
Rav Nissim Karelitzโs neighbor in his building in Bnei Brak approached him and reported that he had just spent 600 shekel to repair a blockage in his sewage pipe, and he believed Rav Nissim Karelitz was responsible. Why? Because Rav Nissim had recently painted, and had poured the leftover paint down the sink, causing the blockage
Rav Nissim Karelitz immediately took out 600 shekel and paid him.
His son, who witnessed the exchange, later asked, โAbba, were you really obligated to pay him?โ
โNo,โ Rav Nissim Karelitz replied. โI wasnโt obligated to pay, for three separate reasons.
โFirst, when paint is poured down a drain and mixes with water, it becomes diluted and does not block the pipes. Second, we live on different sides of the building, and my pipes donโt run through his section. Even if I had caused a blockage, it wouldnโt have affected his pipes. And third, I never painted in the first place.โ
His son was astonished.
โSo why did you pay him?โ
Rav Nissim Karelitz answered: โBecause itโs worth paying a few hundred shekel to live in peace with your neighbors and avoid a fight.โ
Certainly, if a person is already involved in a dispute, itโs worth a few hundred shekel โ or perhaps even more โ to restore shalom.
There is a hisorerus in Klal Yisrael, so this is an opportune time, when extra siyata dโShmaya is available.
Bโezras Hashem, we should be zocheh to a true Shabbos Shalom this week and always.