ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Finkel, Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh ztโl
ืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ื ืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืจืช ืืืืช ืืื ื ืืจื, ืืชืื ืชืืื ืชื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืชื (ืื,ืื).
ืืจื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืื, ืื ื ืืจืืืช. ืืืืฉ”ื ืดืืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืื ืกืืฃืด (ืชืืืืื ืงื,ื). ืืืจืืื ืืงืืดื ืืื, ืฉืืชืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ื ืคืืืืชืื. ืงืืจืช ืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ื ื ืขื ืื ืืืช ื’ ืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืขืืื.
ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืจืืขื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืืืื, ืืืจืื ืืื, ืืขืื ืืืกืืจืื, ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืืช, ืืขืืืื ื ืืืจ ืดืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืื, ืืื ืขืืื ืงืคืฆื ืคืื, ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืืจ ืืื, ืืืชืืื ื ื ืืกืื ืืณ (ืฉื ืงื,ืื-ืื), ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืจืืชื, ืืชืืื ื ืืืกืื ืืณ ืืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืกืืื. ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืืืกืืื, ืืืงืคืืฅ ืคืื ืืืืืืืช ืื’, ืขืืื ื ืืืจ ืดืืื ืขืืื ืงืคืฆื ืคืืืด, ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืคืจ ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืงืืดื.
ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืื ืืืืืื, ืขื ื ื ืืืื, ืขืืื ืืฉ, ืื ืืื’. ืืืขืคืดื ืืชืืื ื ื ืขื ืื”ืช ืืื ืืฉืืืื [ืืคื ืืจืืชื] ืืืชืืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืดืื ืืืจืืืช ืืณ ืืกื ืืืืชืด, ืืื ื ืืืจ ืขืืืื ืดืืจืืขืื ืฉื ื ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืขื ืชืขื ืืื ืื, ืืื ืื ืืืขื ืืจืืืด (ืชืืืืื ืฆื, ื).
ืืฆ”ื, ืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืืจ ื ืงืจืืื ืดืืืจ ืืขืืด, ืขื ืฉืืืืจื ืืงืืดื ืืืืจื ืืจืืจื, ืืืืืืจื ืืืดื ืดืจืืชื ืฉืคืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืจืื ืืืืงืื, ืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืจืื ืืื ืืงืืดื ืฉืืื ืขืื ืืืืื, ืืืืชืื ืืขืื ืดืืืืืื ื ืืืณ ืืืืฉื ืขืืืืด, ืืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจืื?
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืงืจื ืืื ืจืื ืคืื ืืขืฆืื ื ืชืงื ื ืื ืฉืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืฆืคื, ืืขืื ืืฉืืืง ืืืืชืืืฆืฅ ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืืชื ืืืืดื (ืืืื ืืจืฉืดื ืื, ื). ืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืคืืื ืืืจ ืืขื, ืืขื ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืืจื ืืขืืชื ืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืณ ืขื ืฉืขืืื ืืืืงื ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื. ืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืื, ืืื ืจืืื ืืคืืื ืขืฆืื, ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืืื.
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
ืืฉืืื ืฉืืฆืืื ืืืืืืงืช
ืกืืคืจ ืื”ืจ ืฉืืื ืืืจืฉืืื ืืฆ”ื: ืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืืจ, ืฉืืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืื ืืืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืืจ ืืื”ื.
ืื ืื”ืจ ืจืื ืคืจืฅ ืืืืืืขืจ (ืืืขืืืจื ืืืืื) ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ื.
ืฉื ื ืืืช, ืืืฉืจ ืืืืข ืคืืฉ ืื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื ืืจืืื ืืขืืจ, ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืชืขื ืืื ืืืืข ืื. ืชืื ืืชืืืื: ืืจื ืืื ืฉื ื ืื ื ืืืืข ืืฉืืืข ืืืจื ืืืืืง ืืืืกืจ?! ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืจืื ืื: ืืืจ ืฉืืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ื ืขืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืจ, ืืืชื ืกืชื ืื ืื ืืฉืืืข?! ืืชืคืื ืืชืืืื ืืืฉืืข ืืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื: “ืื ืืืืชื ืืขื ืขืกืงืื ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืชืช ืืชืช ืื ืืืื ื, ืื ืืืืช ืืื ื ืืงืืฉื ืืกืชืืจ ืขื ืืฉืืืจืช ืืจืื ืืช ืืื ืืืคืฉืจืืชื ืืฉืื ืขืืืจ ืืฉืืื…” ืืฉืื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื: ืืื ื ื ืืืจื ืงื, ืืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉ ืื? ืขื ื ืื ืืชืืืื: ืขืฉืจืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืก,
ืื ืืืฆืืืช ืื ืกืืขื ืืืืจ ืืขืื ืื ืืืฉ, ืืืฆื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืขืฉืจืื ืืืืืก. ืืืจ ืื ืืืฉืืื: ืชื ืื ืืช ืืขืฉืจืื ืืืืืก ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืื.
ืืชืคืื ืจ’ ืคืจืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืคืฅ ืื ื ืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืกืฃ.
ืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฆื ืจืื ืคืจืฅ ืื ืื ืื ืคืฉื, ืืืืข ื ืื ืืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืกืคื? ืืช ืกืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืฉ, ืืฉืื ืฉืืืข ืฉืืืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื, ืื ืืืข ื ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืขืฉื ืืืช, ืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืกืืื ืืืืจื.
ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืจืื ืคืจืฅ ืืืฉืืื. ืงืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืืื ื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืืืจืข ืืืจ. ืืืคื ืฉืืข ืฉื ืื, ืจืื ืคืจืฅ ืืืจืืื ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื, ืื ืืคืขื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืฉืืื. ืืื ืืฉืคืืฉ ืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืจ ืื: ‘ืืืืจ ืื ื ืฉืืื ืฉืืกืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืืจืฆืื ื ืืืืืืช ืข”ื ืืขืืืง ืืื. ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืชื ืืืฉ ืืืืืืงืช ืฉืคืจืฆื ืืขืืืจืชื ื ืืฉื ื. ืชืื ืืื ืืกืขืจื ืืืืจื ืืจืื ื ืืืจืชื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื, ืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืงืชื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืงืช.
ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืจื ืงื, ืฉืืฃ ืขืฉืจืื ืืืืืก ืืืืจ: ‘ืื ืื, ืืขืืชืื ืคืขืื ืืช ืฉืืื, ืืืฉืคืขืื ืืื ืื ืฆืืจื ืืื…’
ืืชืืจืจ ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืจืืื ืฉืืืืขื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืืชืขืจื ืืืืืืงืช, ืืคืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืืขื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืชืืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืช ืชืฉืืืช ืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื, ืืงื ืืื ื ืืช ืืืกืฃ ืชืืืจืช ืืฉืืื. ืืื ืืืฉืจ ื ืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืคืขืื ืืช ืคืขืืืชื, ืืฉืื ืื ืืช ืืกืคื ืืืืจื.
ืกืืคืืจ ืื ืฉืืข ืืืจ”ืฉ ืืืจืฉืืืื ืืฆ”ื ืืคื ืจ’ ืคืจืฅ, ืืขื ืืืขืฉื ืขืฆืื, ืืกืืคืจื ืืกืขืืืช ืฉืืช ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฉื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืื”ื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืจืื ืืืจืื ืฆืื ืงืืื ืืฆ”ื ืื”ื. ืืฉืฉืืข ืืืจื”ืฆ ืืช ืืกืืคืืจ, ืงื ืืืชืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืจื: “ืืฉืืชื ืฉืื ื ืืืืจ ืืขื ืืช ืืืฉืืื, ืขืชื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืงืจ”.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืงืจื
ืืืจื ืืงืจืื ืงืืืจืช ืืืืฅ ืืฉืื ืคืืงืื ื ืคืฉ
ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืงื ืืช ืืืืชื ืืชื ืขืืื ืืฉ ืืขื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืงืืืจืช ืืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืขืื, ืืฉืื ืืชืื, ืืืงื ืืืจื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืชืื ืืงืื ืืื’ ืืืชื ืืช ืืงืืืจืช.
ืืืืืง ืืขืืง”ื ืงืจื ื”ื ื”ื ืืืขืืงืจื ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืชื ืขืืื ืืฉ ืืขื ืืืืื, ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื, ืืฉืื ืงืืืจืช, ืืจืง ืื”ื, ืืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืขืื, ืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืชืื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืชืื ืืงืื ืืื’ ืืืชื ืืช ืืงืืืจืช, ืฉื ืืืืฅ. ืืคื’ ืืขืืง”ื ืื ืืฉื ืจืฆื ืืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืงืืืจ ืงืืืจืช ืืืืฅ ืืืืกืืจ ืืจืช ืืื ืืงืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืืคืจ. ืืื ืืืจื ืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืืืจ ืืชืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืชืื ืืงืื ืืฉื ื ืชื ืืงืืืจืช. ืื ืืฆื ืืืจื ืขืฉื ืืืกืืจ ืืืชืจ ืืืืจ, ืืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืฉืขืช ืืกืื ื, ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืกืืจ ืืืชืจ ืงืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืกืื ื. ืืืฃ ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืงื ืืงื, ืืื ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืืงื ืืคื ื ืืกืื ื ืืื ืืืจืืื.
ืืข”ืฉ ื ืฆื”ื ืืื”ื ืฉืื ืืข”ืฉ ืืืื ืกืื ื ืืื”ื ืืื ืืืืข ืืจืืจ ืฉืืืื ืกืื ื ืืฉืืช, ืืฉ ืื ืืขืืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืืื”ื ืืืกืื ืฉืื ืืขืฉื ืืืกืืจ ืกืงืืื ืืฉืืช.
ืืข’ ืื”ื ืื”ื ื”ื ืก”ื ืฉืชืื ืขื ืื ืฆื”ื ืืืื ืืขืืฉืื ืืื”ื ืืื ืกืื ื. ืืืืืื ืืฉื ื”ื ืกื’ ืฉื”ื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืขืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืื ืคืจื ืกืชื ืืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืจืื ืืืื ืืืกืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืช ืฉืืช ืืืื ืื ืืื.
ืืข’ ืฉื”ื ืืขืจืืช ืื”ื ื’ ื’ ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืชืขื ื ืื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืื”ื.
ืืข’ย ืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืจ’ ืกืื ื ืืืืจ ืขื ืฉืืืืช ืืืื ืฆืืืืช ืขื’ ื”ื ืขื ืืืืืืืื ืื ืชื ื ืืืฅ ืืข”ืค ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืกืื ื, ืืขืืฉืื ืขืืืื ืืื ื ืืกืื ื, ืื ืืืืชืื ืขื ืืืืฅ ืขื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืกืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืข”ืค ืฉืขืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืจืช. ืืข”ืฉ ืืืืจื ื”ื ืื ”ื.
ืืงืฉ ืฉืืื ืืจืืคืื
ืืืชื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืช ื, ืื: ืจ”ื ืืงืคืจ ืืืืจ ืืงื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืขืืื.
ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื: ืืงื ืื- ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืืชืื ืืจืงื ืขืฆืืืช ืงื ืื (ืืฉืื ืื, ื), ืืืชืืื- ืฉืืชืืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืฉื ืืืจ “ืืืื ืืกืฃ ืื ืืฉืืข ืืกืฃ” (ืงืืืืช ื, ื), ืืืืืื- ืฉืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืจืช ืืช ืืขืืื. ืื”ื ืืงื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืช ืฉืขืฉื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืื’ ืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืชืงื ืื ืื. ืืื’ ืื”ื ืืงื ืื ืฉืงื ื ืงืจื ืืืฉื ืืืืจื. ืืืชืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืงืืช ืื ืขืื, ืืืืืื ืืืจืืขื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืืขืื ืืื’.
ืืจื ืฉืืงื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืงืืจื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื, ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืจืฉ”ื: ืืืงื ืงืืจื– ืืงื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืช ื ืืืง ืืชืื ืืขืื ืืขืืจืจ ืขื ืืืืื ื. ื”ื ืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืกื ืืืจืืืช ืืืืจืื. ืืืชื ืืืืืจื, ืืฉืืื ืฉืื’ ืฉืื ืจืืืื ืฉืจืื ืชืืื ื ืฉืื ืืงืืช, ืืื ืื ื ืฉืชืชืคื ืขื ืงืจื ืืืืืืงืชื, ืืื ืืจืฉืข ืืืื ืืฉืืื ื. ืืื ืจืื ืงืจื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื, ื ืชืงื ื ืขื ื ืฉืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืฆืคื ืื ืขืืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ื ืฉืื ืขื ืื ื ืงืืช ืขื ืคื ืืืืืืจ, ืืืจ ืงืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืจืืขื ืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืงืืช ืืื’ (ืฉืืืช ื, ืื), ืขืืจื ืืืืืจ ื ืืื ืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืฉื ืื, ืื ืื ื, ืฉืื ื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืฉืืื ืฉื ื ืืขืืจื, ืืืื ืื ื ื ืฉืื ืืช ืื ืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื, ืืจืื ื ืืืืง ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืื.
ืืืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฆืืื ืงืจื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืฉ ืฉืืฉืชืชืคื ืืชื ืืืืืืงืช ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื, ืืชื ืืจืื”ื: ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฉ ืฉืืขืก ืขื ื ืฉืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืฆืคื, ืืงืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืงืฉืชื ืื ืืืื ื ืืื’, ืืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืื ืืืจืข ืืื ืฉืื ืจืขื ืืื’, ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืขื ืกืืงืืื ืืืชื, ืืืื ืกืื ืงืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืจื ืืกืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืืฉื. ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืคืืจื ืื ืฉืจืคื ืืืฉ ืชืืขืจื ืืืชื ืืงืืจืืช ืืชืืื ืจืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืื ืืชืคืื ืืฉื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืคื ืืคื ื ื’ ืื ืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืขื ืฉืืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืชื, ืื ืื’ ื ืคืฉ ืื ืืขื ืืจื ืืื ืืฆื ืงืจื ืืงืื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ืืืฉื ืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืื ืืขื.
ืืชืื ืงื ืืชื ืฉื ืงืจื, ืืืคืฉ ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืคืฉื ืฉื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืชืืื ืืจื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขืืืื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื.
ืืืื ืืฉืคืืข ืขืืืื? ืืืืจืช ืืื’ (ืกื ืืืจืื ื ื.): ืืืื ืื ืคืฉืืชื, ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืฉืจืืคื ืขื ืขืกืงื ื ืคืฉืืชื, ืืืจืืฉ ืืงืืฉ ืืืืจ ืจืืฉ ืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืชืื (ืชืืืื ืื, ืื) ืืื ืคื ืืขืื ืืขืื ืืจืง ืขืื ืฉื ืืื, ืืฉืืื ืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืืงืจื ืขื ืขืกืงื ืืืืื ืืจืง ืขืืืื ืฉืจ ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืื.
ืืืจืฉ”ื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืจ: ืื ืขืฉื, ืขืื ืืื ืก ืจ”ื ืจืืฉื ืกื ืืืจืืืช ืืื’ ืืืืืืฉื ืืืืชืืช ืฉืืืื ืชืืืช ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืฉื, ื”ื ืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช? ื”ื ืืืืืช, ืืชืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืื’.
ืืืื ื ืฉืืืจื ืฉืืฆื ืงืืจื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืื ืฉื ืขืืชื, ืืืชืืื ืืื ืจืืฉื ืกื ืืืจืืืช, ืืื ืข”ื ืฉืืชืืืจ ืืืชื ืืกืขืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฆื ืืช, ืืข”ื ืืืืฆื ืืช ืืฆืืจืคื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืืงืช.
ืืืืืงืื (ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืื ืจืื ืชืฉ”ื ): ืื”ื ืืืืฆืื ืืืฉ ืืงืืฉืฉ ืขืฆืื. ื”ื ืืงื”ื ืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืช, ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืจืืฉ”ืข ืืชื ืืืืข ืืื ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืืจืืขื ืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืื, ืขืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืช. ืืืจ ืื ืืงื”ื ืืืฉื ืฆื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ื’ ืืขืฉื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืจืชื, ืืื ืืืืจืชื ืืื ืืืืจ ืชื. ืืืื ืชื ืืื ืืขืงื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืขืงื ืืืฉ ืชื, ืชื ืืืื, ืชื ืืืืืื ืขืจืืืช, ืชื ืืฉืคืืืืช ืืืื.
ืืขืื ืืืืงืื ืฉื: ืช”ืจ ืืืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืงื”ื ืืืฆืืืช, ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืคืชืืืื, ืืื’.
ืจืื ืืืืขืืจ ืื ืืขืงื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืจืืขื ืืืืืื ืืคืชืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืื – ืืื ืืืืืง ืฉืื ืืืื, ืฉื ื’ ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืฉ ืื ืืืืจื ืื ืชืง, ืืื’.
ืืืืืฉื ืืืืจืฉ ืฉื: ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื’ ืืืืจ ืืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืข ืฉืืฉ ืืื ื ืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจื. ืฉืืจ ืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืงืืขื ืื ืืื. ืืฉืืืืข ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉื ืื ืืคืชื ืืืชื, ืืื’. ืืื ืืจืืข ืฆืืฆืืืชืื ืืืคืื ืื ืขื ืคื ืื, ื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืื ืงืจืงืข, ืืื’.
ืืจื ืฉืข”ื ืฉืืกืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืืื. ืื ืืช ืงืจื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืืฆ”ื ืืืืข.
ืขืื ืืืืงืื: ืืฉ”ื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฉ. ืืืืืฉื ืืฆืื ืื ืืฉื, ืื ืงืืจื ืฉืื’ ืืชืืืฆืฅ ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืืข”ื ืื ืืื ืฉืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืคืื ืขื ืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื’ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืคืืกื ืฉืืขื ื ื ืื ื ืืื. ืืืฉืื ืืฉื ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืืืืจื, ืืืืืจื ืื ื ืขืื. ืืืงื ืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืืจื.
ืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืช ืฉื ืงืจื ืืืฆืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืงืช.
ืืืืืงืื ืจืื ืชืฉื ”ื ืืืชื: ืืืงื ืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืืจื – ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืืืืงืช. ืืืืจ ืจื: ืื ืืืืืืง ืืืืืืงืช ืขืืืจ ืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ: ืืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืขืืชื.
ืืขืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืฉื ื ืจืืืชืื ื ืืจืืขื ื ืงืจืื ืจืฉืขืื: ืืคืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืืจื ืืืืืชื, ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืงืจื ืจืฉืข, ืฉื ืืืจ: ืืืืืจ ืืจืฉืข ืืื ืชืื ืจืขื – ืืืืช ืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืชืื. ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืื, ืฉื ืืืจ: ืืื ืจืฉืข ืืื ืืฉืื. ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืขืืืช ืคื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ื, ืฉื ืืืจ: ืืขื ืืืฉ ืจืฉืข ืืคื ืื. ืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืืงืช, ืฉื ืืืจ: ืกืืจื ื ื ืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืจืฉืขืื, ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืจื – ืขืืืช ืคื ืื ืืืืืืงืช.
ืืืืืงืื ืจืื ืชืฉื ”ื ืืืชื: ืื ื ืขืื – ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืื, ืืืจื ืื: ืืจื ืื ื ืืขืืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืขืืืื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื. ืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืคืชืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืจืืขื ืฆืืืงืื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื: ืฉืืฉื ืื ื ืงืจื ืืืื ืื ืคืืช. ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืฆืื? ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืงืจื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืช ืืฉื ืืืืืฉืื ืืช ืคื ืืื ืืงืจืงืข, ืืืจื: ืื ื ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืจ ื ืฆืืืื ื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืื, ืืื ืื ื ืขืืื, ืืืจ ืืชืื: ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืชืงืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื, ืืข”ืค ืฉืื ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื. ืืืืชื ืฉืขื ืืจืืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืชืฉืืื, ืขืืืื ืืืจ ืืื: ืจืืฉ ืืื ืืืจ ืืื.
ืขืื ืืืืงืื: ืืืจ ืจื ืืื ืื ืคืืช ืืฉืชื ืืฆืืืชื, ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืคืงื ืื ืืื ื, ืื ืืจ ืจืื ืื ืช ืชืืืืื ืืื ืืจ ืจืื ืื ืช ืชืืืืื. ืืข”ื ื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ื ืฉืื ืื ืชื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืชื ืฉื ืืื, ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืชืืจืกื ื ืื ืืฉืชื ืฉื ืงืจื.
ืืืืจืฉ ืจืื (ืืืืืจ ืื, ืื) “ืืืงื” ืฉืืงืื ืืื (ืชืืืื ื ื, ืื): “ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืคื ื ืืืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืขืื ืืืืื ืืืกืชืจ ืืื ื” ืื ืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืจืคืื ืืืชื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืคืื ืืืชื ืืื ืงืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืื “ืืืืข ืื ืื ืื ืืฉื” “ืจืืืชื ืืช ืื ืืฉื” “ืื ื ืจืืืชื ืื ืืืฉื” ืืื “ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืคื ื ืืืฉื”. “ืืืชื ืื ืืฉ ืืขืจืื ืืืืคื” ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื “ืืืืืืขื” ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืชื ืืืืื. “ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืชืืง ืกืื” ืืื “ืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืจืืฉ” ืืืชื ื ืืคืจ ืืื ืงืจื ืื”ื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืืฉ ืืจืืืฉ ืฉื ืืืจ “ืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืจืืฉ”. “ืืฉืื ืืืช ืขืืืื” ื”ืจ ืืืขืืจ ืขืฆืช ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืชืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืื ืก ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืื ืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืฆื, ืืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืช ืฉื ืชืื, ืื ืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืชืืื, ืืข”ืค ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืชืืืชื, ืืื “ืื ืจืขืืช ืืืืืจื ืืงืจืื”.
ื”ื ืืืืจ ืืืฉื ืื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืงืจื ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืืจืคื ื. ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ื ืืชืืง ืกืื- ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืฉื ืืื ืฉืืื, ืืืืช ืืืงืื ื ืืื ืืจืืฉ- ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจืง ืืืงืจืื. ืืฉืื ืืืช ืขืืืื- ืฉืืืื ืืช ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืืืื.
ืืืื ื ืฉืข”ื ืืงื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืข ืงืืจื ืืืืืง ืขื ืืฉื ืืืืจื, ืืื”ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืช ืขืืชื ืข”ื ืืืฆื ืืช. ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืฉื ืฉืืืจ ืืื “ืจื ืืื ืื ื ืืื”, ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืข ืืื, ืื ืืื ืืชืื.
ืืืืืจื ืืื’ (ืกืืื ื): ืชื ื ืจืื ื ืกืืื ื ืชื ื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืงืฉื ืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืฉืื ืื ืืชื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืืงืฉ ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืื’, ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืงืื ืืงืจื ืืืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืชืืคื ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืชื ื ืขืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืงืฉื ืื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื:
ืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืื ื ืืกืชืคืง ืืื ืฉืืงื”ื ื ืชื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืคืกืื ืืื ืื ืืช ืฉื ืขืฆืื.
ืืืืื ื ืืงื ืืืกืจ ืืืืืืจ ืืืฉืืช ืืืืฉื ืืฆืื ืืืืงืื ืฉื ืงื ืื ืื ืจืื ืืช, ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืขื”ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื. ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืื ืืืื: ืื-ืืืืฉ, ืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืื, ื ืฆืืจ ืืฉืื ื ืืจืข ืืฉืคืชืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื, ืกืืจ ืืจืข, ืืขืฉื-ืืื ืืงืฉ ืฉืืื ืืจืืืคืื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Tarshish, Harav Hagaon Peretz Shlita
The Nature of Machlokes
Parashas Korach
Harav Hagaon Peretz Tarshish shlita
The Gemara (Sanhedrin 110) teaches: ืืืจ ืจื ืื ืืืืืืง ืืืืืืงืช ืขืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืขืืชื โ one who perpetuates a machlokes violates a prohibition, whose source is the passuk ืึฐืึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืงึนืจึทื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธืชืึน. Simply understood, this passuk is just saying that what happened in this weekโs parashah shouldnโt happen again. But the Torah is actually giving us a lav.
It seems puzzling that Korachโs machlokes should be the source of the issur against machlokes. Korach denied Moshe Rabbeinuโs nevuah, as Chazal teach that he questioned the mitzvah of tzitzis, asking whether a tallis made entirely of techeiles requires a string of techeiles. He also challenged Moshe Rabbeinu by asking whether a house filled with sefarim requires a mezuzah. Furthermore, Korach managed to gather 250 roshei sanhedraโos, the nesiโim, as well as Klal Yisrael to back him. This was the most severe machlokes in Klal Yisraelโs history!
By way of analogy, imagine that a father would tell his son, โListen, son, donโt commit armed robbery.โ The implication is that pickpocketing and white-collar crime are acceptable. Why does the Torah use the extreme example of Korach as the source for the lav of machlokes?
Before answering this question, letโs define machlokes.
Thereโs a difference between machlokes and chilukei deiโos, or disagreement.
Letโs say two friends decide, after many years, to go out to the restaurant together, and one orders very simple food while the other oneโs order, youโd need a French dictionary to figure out what it is. Itโs not by chance that the two make their respective menu choices; each oneโs choice reflects a particular way of thinking. The one who orders simple food feels that heโs happy with his standard of living and heโs not interested in exposing himself to higher levels of gashmiyus and having to take out a mortgage to pay for his dinner. His friend, on the other hand, says, โListen, I almost never go out to eat, and in the back of my mind Iโm always wondering what they have in those fancy restaurants. Let me order the most expensive dish, and this way Iโll keep my desires in check.โ
Although the two might differ in their approaches, they still sit at the same table. They can accept the other personโs opinion, and they can even respect it.
People can have differences of opinion. But when thereโs machlokes, there are no two opinions. Thereโs only one opinion โ yours. If the other person has an opposing idea thatโs logical but doesnโt fit with your way of seeing things, he doesnโt exist! He has no right to an opinion!
Thatโs machlokes.
As time goes on, machlokes spreads: We donโt daven in the same shul, we donโt invite each other to our simchos. While this might sound a bit extreme, in Parashas Korach the Torah is teaching us that this is the nature of machlokes.
Irrational Complaints
Korach, along with Dasan and Aviram, approached Moshe Rabbeinu with a complaint: ืึธื ืึธืขึตืึธื ืึปึผืึธึผื ืงึฐืึนืฉึดืืื ืึผืึฐืชืึนืึธื ื’ ืึผืึทืึผืึผืขึท ืชึดึผืชึฐื ึทืฉึฐึผืืืึผ ืขึทื ืงึฐืึทื ื’. They are accusing Moshe of taking honor for himself at the expense of Klal Yisrael, when in truth, Moshe Rabbeinu is the only person about whom Hakadosh Baruch Hu testified in the Torah that he was anav mikol adam. No one else ever attained this madreigah of humility. Moreover, when Hashem originally offered Moshe the position of leader and redeemer of Klal Yisrael, Moshe replied, โืฉึฐืืึทื ื ึธื ืึฐึผืึทื ืชึดึผืฉึฐืืึธื โ Send someone else, Iโm not worthy!โ
Later, after Klal Yisrael sinned with the eigel, Hakadosh Baruch Hu told Moshe: ืึฐืขึทืชึธึผื ืึทื ึดึผืืึธื ืึดึผื ืึฐืึดืึทืจ ืึทืคึดึผื ืึธืึถื ืึทืึฒืึทืึตึผื ืึฐืึถืขึฑืฉึถืื ืืึนืชึฐืึธ ืึฐืืึนื ืึธึผืืึนื. He wanted to destroy Klal Yisrael, but since He had promised the Avos that Klal Yisrael would endure forever, He told Moshe that He would make him into a great nation that would be the continuation of the Avos.
Not only did Moshe Rabbeinu decline this proposition, but he told Hakadosh Baruch Hu, ืึฐืึตื ึดื ื ึธื ืึดืกึดึผืคึฐืจึฐืึธ. โI have no independent existence apart from Klal Yisrael,โ he said. โMy whole being is to be a servant to Klal Yisrael. If thereโs no Klal Yisrael thereโs no Moshe Rabbeinu!โ
Yet Korach and his followers were accusing Moshe Rabbeinu of lording over Klal Yisrael! How could they make such a ridiculous accusation?
The point is that when machlokes begins, you see the world through your own eyes only, and the other person ceases to exist. Thereโs no one else but yourself. What do you do when there is opposition to you, and the other personโs position makes sense? In order to justify yourself, you have to put down your opponent, even though there is no rational basis for doing so. Because when a person is wrapped up in machlokes, he canโt see out of his own dalet amos; he begins to act irrationally in order to prop up his own position.
This is evident in the simple pshat of the pesukim. Dasan and Aviram approach Moshe with a complaint: ืึทืึฐืขึทื ืึดึผื ืึถืขึฑืึดืืชึธื ืึผ ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืึธืึทืช ืึธืึธื ืึผืึฐืึทืฉื ืึทืึฒืึดืืชึตื ืึผ ืึทึผืึดึผืึฐืึธึผืจ ืึดึผื ืชึดืฉึฐืืชึธึผืจึตืจ ืขึธืึตืื ืึผ ืึทึผื ืึดืฉึฐืืชึธึผืจึตืจ.
Are they normal?
They had just experienced enslavement in Mitzrayim, along with the terrible suffering that came along with it, until Moshe Rabbeinu came and performed the ten makkos, followed by Krias Yam Suf. How did Mitzrayim turn into a land flowing with milk and honey? Yet they complain to Moshe Rabbeinu that he took them out of that wonderful land. This, after he brought them to Har Sinai and gave them the Torah โ and they accuse him of trying to kill them in the desert!
We see again and again that when machlokes begins, people lose their grip on reality because of their love for their themselves. This is frightening; anyone from the outside would look at the situation and say that it makes no sense. But ย the person embroiled in the machlokes doesnโt see the obvious.
We noted that Korach was questioning Moshe Rabbeinu, but what was the root of this questioning? He got stuck in a hole called machlokes, and in that hole a person has to be right. That need to be correct caused him to reach a point where he was even able to challenge the nevuah of Moshe Rabbeinu.
We also wondered why the Torah commands us to avoid machlokes in the context of this immense machlokes of Korach and Klal Yisrael against Moshe Rabbeinu. The word machlokes means to separate, and Rashi interprets the phrase ืึทืึดึผืงึทึผื ืงึนืจึทื to mean that he separated himself from the community. We explained that when two people have differing opinions, they can still be friends and belong to the same kehillah or family. Klal Yisrael has to be united; weโre all on the same team, and we have one goal in life: to bring about kevod Shamayim. People might take different approaches to reach that goal: some may place an emphasis on dikduk halachah, others on mussar, middos, chassidus, or limud Torah, but ืึปึผืึธึผื ืึฒืืึผืึดืื ืึปึผืึธึผื ืึฐึผืจืึผืจึดืื ืึปึผืึธึผื ืึดึผืึผืืจึดืื โ they are all united in their interest of increasing kevod Shamayim. Machlokes means that a person is not part of the group; he cancels another individual or group. Itโs not that he disagrees with them โ itโs that they donโt exist.
This cannot happen in Klal Yisrael. When Chazal say that ืึฐืึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืงึนืจึทื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธืชืึน is a lav against perpetuating machlokes, they donโt refer only to a machlokes against Moshe Rabbeinu, with the magnitude of Korachโs dispute.
Destruction Begets Destruction
Whatโs the result of machlokes? The baal machlokes considers the other person nonexistent, so middah kโneged middah, Hashem causes him to be swallowed up and cease to exist: ืึทืชึฐึผืึทืก ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทืึนึผืืึฐืืึผ ืึดืชึผืึนืึฐ ืึทืงึธึผืึธื. The comparison to Korachโs machlokes conveys that all machlokes is essentially the same: Itโs a refusal to see the other person and acknowledge his existence.
This may sound exaggerated, but unfortunately, this is how we respond when we feel that someone wronged us. It could be within a family, it could be at work, in yeshiva, or in the kehillah. Letโs not get into examples; everyone knows themselves, ืืึนืึตืขึท ืฆึทืึดึผืืง ื ึถืคึถืฉื ืึฐึผืึถืึฐืชึผืึน. We become very judgmental, and we can completely dismiss that person: โYou say heโs a talmid chacham? No, he doesnโt learn lishmah.โ โHeโs a big baal tzedakah? He just wants to be honored at the dinner.โ โHe raises his children on the Torah path? Heโs embarrassed not to.โ We could do away with everyone, all in order to justify ourselves.
This is what the Torah is coming to teach us. All aveiros have their respective punishments, and thereโs only one that stands out: machlokes, which destroys not only the parents Rโl but even young children who have no connection to cheit. Because in Klal Yisrael thereโs no place for machlokes.