ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื. (ืืืืืจ ืื, ืื)
ืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืขืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื. (ืืจืืืช ืกื:)
ืืฉ ืืืงืืง, ืืืืืืจื ืืกืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืงื ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืชืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืชืจื, ืฉืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืงืืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืืืืข ื ืืฆื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืืืฆืข ืคืจืฉืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืคืจื ืืืืื?
ืื ืจืื ืืืืจ ืขืค”ื ืืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืืง (ืจืื ืชืฉืขื) ืขื ืืคืกืืง (ืืืืืจ ืื, ื) “ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืขืื ื ืืจ ืืืืืื ื ืืข ื’ ืืื'”, ืื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืื ืืฆื ืืชื ืื ืกืืืช ืืืชื ืืืจืฉืืช [ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืืคืกืืง ‘ืืืืืื ื ืืข ื”, ืืืืืื ื ืขื ืืชื ืืืจืฉืืช], ืืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืจืื, ืื ืืชื ืื ืกืืืช ืืืชื ืืืจืฉืืช ืื ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืช, ืืืขืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืจืืืช (ืืฃ ืื:).
ืืืื ื ืืืื, ืืคื ืฉืืฉืจืืฉื ืื ื ืจืืืชืื ื ืืืข”ื, ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืคื, ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืก ืื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืฆืืฆื.
ืืขืชื ืฉืคืืจ ืฉืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืืืจื, ืืฉืื ืฉืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืจื ืื ืืืงืื ืืืจื, ืืกืืืืช ืขื ืืื ื ืืื ืจืง ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืชื ืืืงืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืื’ (ืืืืช ืืฃ ื:) ืืืืจื ืชืืจื ืงืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืืฆืื ืืจืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืจื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืช ืชืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื, ืืฉืจ ืจืง ืืืืืชื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืชืื ืืืชื ืืชืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืื ืืืืฆืืื. ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืขืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืฉืืคืจืฉืช ืคืจื.
ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ื ืื”ืข ื”ื ืืืจ ื’ ืชืฉืก”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Finkel, Moreinu Hagaon Harav Eliyahu Baruch ztโl
ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ื”ื ืืืืจ ื’ ืชืฉืก”ื
ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื ืืชืืกืจ ืืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืืื ืชืืืื ืืชืืืื. ืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืก ืขื ืื ืจืืข ืืจืืข ืืืื ืื ืฆื ืืช ืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืช ืฉืืขืืจืื, ืืืฉืจ ืืืืข ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืชื, ืืื ืืืจื”ื ืืงืืื ืืกืืจ ืคื ืื ืืคืืช, ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืช ืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืขืืืื ืืขืช ืืืฅ ืืฆืจืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืคื ืื.
ืืืฉืจ ืื ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืื ืคื ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื’ืขืืืื’ ืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืืื ืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืง ืืชืฉืืืช ืื. ืืื ืืงืจื ืืชืืืืก ืจืืื ื ืืฆ”ื ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืืกืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืชืืืื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื. ืืฉืขืช ืืฆืืจื ืืื ืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืกืืจืืช ืืขืฆืื ืืชืื ืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืืืฉ ืืชืืืื ืืกืืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืชืื ืืืจืื. ืืืจื ืื ืจืืื ืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืืืข ืืื ืืช ืฉืืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืจื.
ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืฉืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืฆ”ื ืืชืคื ื ืืื ืขืืกืืงืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืืช ืชืืืืืื. ืืืจื ืื ื ืกืืจื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉืืืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืจืชื, ืืืฉืจ ืืืจื”ื ืืืจืื ืืช ืฉืชืืื”ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื, ืืชืขื ืืื ืื, ืืืืขืฆืื ืืืฉืขืช ืืฆืืจื ื ืื ืกืื ืืขืืื ืืงืืจื ืืื ืฉืขืื ืชืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืช ื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื.
ืช. ื . ืฆ. ื. ื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืื ืชืฉื ืคืจื
ืืืกืืจ ืื ืื ืื ”ื
ืืชืื ืื ืชื ื ืืืฉ ืืืคืจ ื ืคืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืฃ ืืคืงืื ืืืชื. ืืข’ ืืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืชื ื ืืืฆืืื ืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืืื ืื, ืืืงืฉื ืืื’ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื, ืืกืืืข ืืื ืืจ’ ืืฆืืง ืืืืจ ืจ’ ืืฆืืง ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืช ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืืจ ืืฆืื ืืื’ ืืืชืื ืืืฉืืข ืฉืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืืคืงืื ืืืืืื. ืืืจ ืจ’ ืืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืขืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื. ืืื ืคืกืง ืืจืื”ื ืค”ื ืืืืืืช ืชืืืืื ื”ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืกื’ ืงื ”ื ืืืืื.
ืืืงืฉื ืืืคืจืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืคืืจืฉ ืื ืชืฉื ืืช ืจืืฉ ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืงืืืืื ืื ืชื ื ืืืฉ ืืืคืจ ื ืคืฉื ืืื’. ืืืืกืืคื ืืื ืืคืืจืฉ ืืืจืืืช ืก”ื ืข”ื.
ืืืืืจืฉ”ื ืืืืื ืชื’ ืืืืื ืืคืจืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืืฉื ืืืงื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืงืืื ืืืคืจื ืขื ืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืฃ. ืื ืง’ ืืืจืืืช ืื ”ื.
ืืืก’ ืืืจ ืฉืืข ืขื ืืก’ ืชืืื ืชื’ ืืืงืจื ืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืืกืืจ ืจืง ืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืงื”ื ืืื’ ืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืฆืื ืืกืืจ. ืืื ืชื’ ืืก’ ืขืื ืืขืงื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืขืฅ ืืืกืฃ ืืืคืืจืืฉ ืขืืื ืืขืงื. ืื”ื ืื”ื ืืกืคืจื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืืจื ืืื ืืค’ ืื ืชืฉื.
ืืืืื”ื ืืกืคืจ ืขืื ืืืืจ ืืขืจืืช ืื’ ืืืช ื”ื ืชื’ ืืงื”ื ืืื’ ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืืืง ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื”ื ืืฉืคืช ืืืช ืขื ืืก’ ืืืื. ืื”ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืคืืจืช ืค’ ืืืืืจ.
ืืืขื ืื ืื ืื ืืืง ืืื ื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื, ืืฆืืฅ ืืืืขืืจ ื”ื ืกื’ ื’ ืืืช ื”ื, ืขืื ืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืขืฉื ืฉื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืงืื ืฉืืขืื ื ืกืืฃ ืฉืืืื ื’ ืืืจืฉ ืฉื ืืงืจื ืืืชืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืคืงื ืืขื, ืืืื ืืชืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืคืงื, ืืืจืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืื ืืช ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืจืฆืื ืืื, ืืืืจ ืืืื “ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืฉื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืกืคืืจ ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืงืฉ” ืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืคืื ืืืช ืืกืืจื.
ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื”ื ืืืคื ืื ”ื ืืฉื ืืขื ืงื”ื ืืฆ”ื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืช ืืฉืจืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืจื ื”ื ืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืคืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืจ ืืืืงืื ืื ”ื. ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืกื’ ืงื ”ื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืื’ ืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืกืืฃ ืื ื ืืข ืืกืคืจ ืืืื ืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืืงืฃ ื”ื ืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืืขืฉื ืื ืื, ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื. ืืืื’ ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืงืื ืื ”ื ืฉืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืื.
ืืืื ืชื’ ืื”ืก ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื’ ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ืชืฉื, ืื”ื ืืกืืจ ืืืืจื ืงืืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืื. ืืืื ืืขืื ืืืื”ื ืืฉืค”ื ืื ”ื, ืืื ืฉืื”ืก ืคื’ ืื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืืืกืคืจ ืืกืืฃ.
ืืืืืกืืจ ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืชื ืืฉื”ืช ืืชื ืกืืคืจ ืื”ื ืกื’ ืง”ื ืืฉื ืื”ืก ืืืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืื”ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืื ืืช ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืข”ื ืืื ืื ืืกืืจ.
ืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืขืืื
Finkel, Moreinu Hagaon Harav Eliyahu Baruch ztโl
ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืณ (ืืืืืจ ืื, ืื).
ืืจืฉื ืืืดื (ืกืืฃ ืืจืืืช) ืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืขืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื. ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื ืฉื: ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืฆืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืืจืฉื ืื ื ืฉื ืืช ืืืณ ืืงืืืืช ืืืืจื: ืืืจืืืช (ืกื,ื), ืืฉืืช (ืคื,ื ืืืืืืื (ื ื, ื). ืืืจืืืดื (ืคืดื ืชืดืช ืืืดื) ืืืื ื ืื ืืจืฉื ืื ืืืดื: ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจื ืจืื, ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื [ืืืฉ ืืืจืกืื (ืืื’ ืจืฉืดืค) ืืืืื ืืืืื].
ืขืื ืืฆืื ื ืืจืืืดื ืืืืืืช ืชืดืช ืฉื (ืคืดื ืืืื ื-ื), ืืื ืฉื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืจื ืฉื ืชืืจื ืื ืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืืื ืฉืืงื ื ืชืืจื ืขื ืืขืืฉืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื, ืื ืืื ืืจืื ืฉื ืชืืจื ืคืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืื’. ืฉืื ืชืืืจ ืขื ืฉืืงืืฅ ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืงืจื ืืื’, ืื ืชืขืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืชืจื ืฉื ืชืืจื ืืขืืื, ืขืืดื. ืืืืื (ืืืื ืื) ืืืกืืฃ ืืจืืืดื ืฉืื ืฉืจืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืชืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืชืื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืดื, ืืื ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืืื ืืื’, ืขืืดื. ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืขื ืืื ื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืชืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืชืจ. ืืขืืื ืืืฉื ืช ืจืื ืืืจื (ืืดื ืขื’ ืื) ืฉืืืชืจ ืื ืืฉ ืื ืคืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืกืจืื ืืื ืืืชืจ, ืืขืืืื ืฆืดื.
ืื ืจืื ืืื, ืืคื ืืฉืดื ืืืณืณื (ืืืดื ืกืืณ ืืดื) ืืืดื: ืืืื ืชื ืืชืืจื ืืขืืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืื ืขืืกืงืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฉืชืชืขืฆื ื ืฉืืชื ื ืืขืฆืืืช ืืจืืื ืืืช ืืงืืืฉืช ืืงืืจ ืืืฆื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ื ืชื ืืงืืณืณื ืชืืจืช ืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ื ืฉืื ืชืฉืชืื ืืืชื ื, ืืื ืฉืชืชืืืง ื ืฉืืชื ื ืืืืคื ื ืืจืืดื ืืืจืื ืืฉืกืณืณื ืืืืื ืืจืืดื ืืฆืืืช ืขืฉื ืืฉืกืดื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืฉืืชืืจื, ืขืืดื. ืืืืื ื, ืฉืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืืืชื ืชืืื ืฉืงืืขืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืืืขืฉื ืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืณ ืฉืืช (ืคื, ื), ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืฉืงืืข ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืืขืชื ืื ืืจืืืฉ ืฉืืืขื ืืฆืืขื ืืื ืืื ื ืื, ืื ืืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืฉืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืืื ืชืืจื [ืืขืดืฉ ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืงื ืขื ืืคืืืืืช ืืืืืจืฉืดื ืฉื].
ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืดืข, ืฉืขืฉื ืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืกื ืืจืืื ืขืณืณื ืฉืืื ืืฉืงืืขืื ืขืฆืื ืืกืืืื, ืฉืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืื ื ืืฆื ืืคืจืืคืกืืจืื ืืืคืืืืกืืคืื ืืขืืงื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืชืจ, ืื ืื ืืื ืจืง ืกืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืฉืจ ืืืืชื ืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืฉืืืื. ืืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืชืื ื [ืื ืืืจ ืืืณืณื ืืกืืืืืงื ืืืืืดื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืจืดื], ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ, ืื ืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืืคืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืขืืจืง ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืคื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืดื ืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื, ื ืืจื ืืืชืืื ื.
ืืืฆืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืงืืืช ืืชืืจื (ืฉืืช ืคื, ื) ืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจ ืฉืืฆื ืืคื ืืงืืดื ืืฆืชื ื ืฉืืชื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ื ืคืฉื ืืฆื ืืืืจื, ืืืงืฉื ืืืืณ ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืืืืจ ืจืืฉืื ืืฆืชื ื ืฉืืชื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ื ืืืื ืงืืืื, ืืืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืฉืขืชืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืืืชื, ืืื ื ืชืคืจืฉ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืฉืขืชืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืชืื, ืืื ืืืจ ื ืชืืืจ ืืคืจืฉืช ืืชืจื (ืฉืืืช ื, ื) ืฉืืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืื ืืชืืจื ืขืฆืื, ืืืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืช (ืงืื, ื) ืขืืณืณืค (ืืฉืขืื ืื, ืื) ืื ืื ืืืจืืช ืืื – ืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืืจ ืชืืจื ืืืจ ืชืืจื ืืืืืื. ื ืืฆื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืชืืจื ืืืคื, ืืืืคื ืฉืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืืชื, ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืืืชื.
ืืืืจืื ื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืงืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืชืืจื, ืืืืคื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืชืืจื ืืืืช ืืฆืื ื ืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืืง ืื ื ืืืฉืื ืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ืชืืจื.
ืืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืืื ืดืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืขืืืืด, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืชืืืฉ ืืฆืื ืืืฉืื ืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืืจื, ืืืื ื ืืืืช ืื ืืืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืืชื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืืชื ืดืชืืจืืด. ืืืขืื ืื ืืฆืื ื (ืืืืืจ ืจืื ืื, ืื) ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืืืืืืจ ืืชื ืืณ, ืฉืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืืคืืื ืื ืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืืืืจ, ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื.
ืืืคืดื ื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืจืืืดื ืฉืืื ืดืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืด, ืืืื ืขืดืค ืืืืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืจืืืช (ืกื, ื) ืฉืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืกืื ืฉืืื ืืืงืฉ ืืฉื, ืืืืคืื ื ืฉื ืืดืืืื ืื ืืืงืฉ ืืฉื ืืฆื ืื ืืื ืืืขืืด, ืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืชืืจื ืขืดืฉ. ืืื ืืื ืดืืขืงื ืืืฉ ืชื ืืืฉื ืืืืืืด (ืืจืืฉืืช ืื, ืื), ืืืชืจืืื ืืื ืชื: ืดืชืืข ืืืืคื ืื ืงืื ืืฉืืด, ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฉ ืืืืงืฉ ืชืืจื. ืื ืจืื ืืืขื ืขืคืดื ืืจืืืดื ืืืืืืช ืจืืฆื (ืคืดื ืืดื) ืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืืงืฉืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืืื, ืขืืดื. ืืจื ืฉืืืืืฉ ืืจืืืดื ืฉืื ืจืง ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืชืืจื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืชื ืืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืจืง ืืืืจ ืืืงืฉ ืชืืจื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืื ืจืง ืชืืจื, ืืืื ืชืืจื ืื ืืืชื. ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืื ืืื ืืจืืืดื ืฉืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืืืงืฉ ืชืืจื, ืืืงืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืช ืชืืืื ืืืืชื, ืืฆืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืืืช.
ืืืืจื ืื ื ืืื ืกืื ืขื ืืื ื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืฉืขื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืืืจ ื ืืกืฃ ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืช ืืืชืขืืจ ืื, ืืื ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืขืฆื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืช, ืฉืืืืื ื ืืืืืืืช ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืขืฆืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืฆื ืื, ืืืดื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื, ืืืื ื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืขืฆื ืืืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืืชื, ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืดื ืืืืื ืืื ื. ืืืื ืืชื ืืจืืืดื (ืืดื) ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืชืืจื.
ืืขืชื ื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืกืืฃ ืืืจื ืืจืืืณืณื ืฉื (ืืืดื) ืฉืื ืฉืจืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืชืืจื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืชืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืฉืื ื ืืฉืืื, ืืฆืดื ืื ืขื ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืงื, ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื.
ืื ืจืื ืืื, ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืกืืื ืืืขืืงืจื ืืืืืื ืืืื, ืืฉืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืชืืื ืชื ืืืืขื ืืขืกืงื ืืืื, ืืืืชืื (ืชืืืื ืงื, ืื-ืื) ืชืืจื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืณ ืืฆื ืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืขืืืืชื ืขืื ืขืจื, [ืืืดื ืืจืืืณืณื ืฉื (ืืดื) ืฉืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื, ืืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื], ืืืณืณื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืืดื ืืื ืืืื ืช ืณืขืืืืืณ ืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืณืขืกืง ืฉืื’, ืืืฃ ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื [ืืืืืจืื ื ืื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืณืืขืกืืงืณ ืืืืจื ืชืืจื], ืืดื ืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืฉืื ืขืฆื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืืขืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืืื, ืฉืืืดื ืืื ืขืืืื, ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืฆืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืขืฆื ืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจื ืฉื ืชืืจื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืืงืืง ืื ืืืืืข ืืชืคืืื, ืฉืืขืจืืืช ืงืืขื ืืืดื ืืืจืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืคื ื ืงืดืฉ ืืืืจ ืดืืฉืืื ื ืืืงืืื ื ื ืฉืื ืืืืงืื”, ืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืชืืื, ืืื ืดืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืด, ืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืคื ื ืงืดืฉ ืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืื. ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืดื ืฉืืืชืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื.
ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืจืืืดื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืชืื, ืืืืื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืช ืฆืจืื ืืชืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืคืืจืืฉื ืฉืืืดื ืืืืชื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืขืื ืขื ืืืขืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืฉืื, ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ื ืฉืืช ืืืืื.
ืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืดื ืืืณ ืชืดืช ืฉื (ืคืดื ืืืดื): ืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืคื ืขืฆืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืชืื ืขืืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืขืืืื ืืืฆืขืจ ืืืคื ืชืืื ืืื ืืชื ืฉืื ื ืืขืื ืื ืืืขืคืขืคืื ืชื ืืื. ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจื ืจืื ืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืณ ืขืืดื. ืืจื ืืืื ื ืืชืจืชื ืืขืื ื ืืงืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื, ื. ืืืืช ืขืฆืื, ื. ืชืืื. ืืฉืืข ืื ืดื, ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืขื ืชืจืชื, ืืืืช ืขืฆืื, ืืชืืื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Friedman, Harav Hagaon Moshe Ahron Shlita
Repairing the Damage of the Eigel
Parashas Ki Sisa
Harav Hagaon Moshe Aharon Friedman shlita
In middle of this weekโs parashah, the Torah records the events surrounding the cheit haโeigel.
First, the Yidden thought that Moshe was delayed: ืึทืึผึทืจึฐื ืึธืขึธื ืึผึดื ืึนืฉืึตืฉื ืึนืฉืึถื. The consequence of his delayed arrival conveys a powerful message in and of itself: Be punctual, and donโt delay. Look what happened when the Yidden thought Moshe Rabbeinu was late โ they made the eigel.
But there are other lessons to be learned from the cheit haโeigel as well.
The Meshech Chochmah teaches the following. We know that Hakadosh Baruch Hu has no body and connection to physicality: ืึตืื ืึน ืืึผืฃ ืึฐืึนื ืึทืฉึดึผืืืืึผืืึผ ืึทืฉึดึผืืืึตื ืึทืึผืึผืฃ. He is so removed from all corporeality that it is not even possible to connect with Him through any physical medium. But Klal Yisrael mistakenly thought that they needed a physical medium to connect with Hashem, and when Moshe Rabbeinu seemed to have disappeared, they believed they needed a different medium instead. When they created the eigel, their goal was for it to serve as a medium through which they could connect with Hakadosh Baruch Hu, but that was a terrible mistake.
That explains why Moshe Rabbeinu broke the luchos when he came down and saw the eigel, and it also explains why Hashem commended him for this act: ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืฉืืืจืช.
The luchos were also a physical item, and if Klal Yisrael had already made the mistake of thinking that a davar gashmi was necessary in order to connect with Hashem, then Moshe Rabbeinu had to break the luchos to demonstrate that the kesher with Hashem is not gashmiyusโdik at all.
The Danger of Yiush
Another lesson regarding the cheit haโeigel relates to Klal Yisraelโs reaction upon seeing that Moshe Rabbeinu was not coming down from heaven. They said: ืึผึดื ืึถื ืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึถืขึฑืึธื ืึผ ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึนื ืึธืึทืขึฐื ืึผ ืึถื ืึธืึธื ืืึน. They didnโt know what had happened to him, and they thought he had died.
When the Torah was given at Har Sinai, death was supposed to disappear from the world. Indeed, regarding the first luchos, the Torah says the words ืึธืจืึผืช ืขึทื ืึทืึผึปืึนืช, and the Mishnah states: ืื ืชืงืจื ืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช. The cheirus afforded by Mattan Torah was ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืช, and we were supposed to live forever. What happened? The Yidden were meyaโeish, as they declared: ืึนื ืึธืึทืขึฐื ืึผ ืึถื ืึธืึธื ืืึน. Death is the ultimate example of yiush; thereโs no greater yiush than having ืืชื ืืืื ืืคื ืื. At that point, thereโs nothing to daven for โ the person is dead. When Klal Yisrael despaired of Moshe returning, because they thought he was dead, they experienced the ultimate yiush, and that yiush brought death back to the world.
This was a terrible mistake, for, as the Gemara teaches, in Berachos: ืืคืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืฆืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืื ืข ืขืฆืื ืื ืืจืืืื.
Later on, Hakadosh Baruch Hu showed Moshe the kesher shel tefillin, which expressed that thereโs always a connection. The term โtefillinโ actually connotes โconnection,โ as it is composed of the same letters as the name โNaftali,โ which Rashi interprets to mean โconnection.โ Connection is the opposite of death, and we need to realize that weโre always connected, no matter what: ืื ืืื ืข ืขืฆืื ืื ืืจืืืื.
The Gemara in Succah relates that a certain old woman had her succah stolen, and the psak that was issued, as per the takanas marish was that it did not have to be returned to her, since she had been meyaโeish. In response, she yelled, โIโm an einikel of Avraham Avinu!โ
The meforshim explain that what she meant was: โYouโre telling me that Iโm meyaโeish? When Avraham Avinu went to war with the four kings, accompanied by Eliezer, the passuk mentions the number 318, which is one more than the gematria of yiush โ itโs above yiush. So Iโm not meyaโeish, just as my ancestor Avraham Avinu was not meyaโeish.โ
The yiush of ืึผึดื ืึถื ืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึดืืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึถืขึฑืึธื ืึผ ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึนื ืึธืึทืขึฐื ืึผ ืึถื ืึธืึธื ืื is what led to all the problems and all the tzaros.
Why Break the Luchos?
We know that Moshe Rabbeinu returned on Shivah Asar BโTammuz and he broke the luchos, after which he went back up to Shomayim for another forty days. The meforshim explain that Moshe Rabbeinu had already learned kol haTorah kulah, but after the breaking of the luchos a different limud haTorah was necessary, so he had to go up to Shomayim a second time. First, there were forty days of tefillah, followed by another forty days, after which Moshe Rabbeinu finally descended on Yom Kippur with the second luchos. Yet the luchos were originally supposed to have been given to Klal Yisrael on Shivah Asar BโTammuz.
When the Yidden complained to Aharon, Aharon told them: ืึทื ืึทื’ ืึธืึธืจ. On a simple level, he was trying to delay them by assuring them that tomorrow they would make a Yom Tov. The Arizal, however, explains that Aharon was saying that the next day, Shivah Asar BโTammuz, was really supposed to be a Yom Tov. Just as Yom Kippur is an intensely holy day, because that is when the second luchos were brought down, Shivah Asar BโTammuz โ the original day that the luchos were meant to be brought down โ was supposed to have been the ultimate Yom Tov.
But there is another way to explain what Aharon was conveying with the words ืึทื ืึทื’ ืึธืึธืจ.
The word ืึธืึธืจ can mean ืืืืจ ืืื โ after a while. When Aharon said ืึทื ืึทื’ ืึธืึธืจ, even though he was prophesying that there would be a problem โ namely, the breaking of the luchos โ he was also conveying that Kabbalas HaTorah was really supposed to take place on Shivah Asar BโTammuz.
When Hashem spoke to Moshe at the sneh, He informed him that the Yidden would receive the Torah at that site: ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึดืืึฒืึธ ืึถืช ืึธืขึธื ืึดืึผึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืชึผึทืขึทืึฐืืึผื ืึถืช ืึธืึฑืึนืงึดืื ืขึทื ืึธืึธืจ ืึทืึผึถื. Rashi adds: ืฉืืจื ืขืชืืืื ืืงืื ืืชืืจื ืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืฉืืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืฆืื ืืืฆืจืื.
What does Rashi mean when he says that they would receive the Torah three months after leaving Mitzrayim? From Pesach until Shavuos was less than three months!
Shivah Asar BโTammuz is three months after Pesach, and the original plan was that that day would be the pinnacle of the ืึทื ืึทื’, with the giving of the luchos. That did not happen, as the luchos were broken, and Shivah Asar BโTammuz came to represent the ultimate missed opportunity.
The Zohar brings down that when weโre going to have the third Beis Hamikdash, it will have two floors: The bottom floor will be the second Beis Hamikdash, while the second floor will be the first Beis Hamikdash. Actually, the second Beis Hamikdash had a second floor. That floor was empty; it was prepared that way so that later on, the third Beis Hamikdash could encompass the second Beis Hamikdash and above it the first.
The first Beis Hamikdash contained the aron and the luchos โ the second luchos and the broken first luchos. When the Kohen Gadol would enter the Kodesh Hakodashim on Yom Kippur, it was illuminated by the light emanating from the aron. In the second Beis Hamikdash the Kodash Hakodashim contained only the even hashesiyah, so when the Kohen Gadol would enter it was dark. But leโasid lavo, when we have the third Beis Hamikdash, the aron and the two sets of luchos will return! There will be two floors, and we will go back to the level of the luchos rishonos, to the original plan of what Aharon described as ืึทื ืึทื’ ืึธืึธืจ โ the way things were supposed to be.
Weโre going through hard times now, but what we have to work on and contemplate when we learn the parashah of cheit haโeigel is, first of all, not to be meyaโeish at all, and instead to continually remain focused. In addition, we need to try to come close to Hakadosh Baruch Hu, to be connected to Him, and to realize that our aspiration is to reach the ืึทื ืึทื’ ืึธืึธืจ โ to return to the tikkun haโolam of the luchos rishonos, of the original plan and the ultimate Mattan Torah.
We should be zocheh bโmeheirah.