ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Levovitz, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yeruchem ztโl
ืืืื ืื ืื ืชืืฆื ืื ืืขืื ืื ืื ืืฆื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืชื ืื ืกืคืจ ืืจืืชืืช ืื ืชื ืืืื (ืื,ื)
ืืืจ ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื: ืขื ืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืืชืจืืงย ืืืืจ ืจืข, ืืื ืืืจืฉื ืืื ืืืชืจืืง ืืื ืจืข ืฉืืฆื ืกืืืื. ืืืืืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืื ืืคื’ ืืืฉืชื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืชื, ืื ืืขืค”ื ืืืืชื ืื ืชืื ืข ืืื ื ืืืชืจืืง ืื ืืจืข ืฉืืฆื ืื.
ืื ืืขืืื ืขืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืชืืืง ืืืืจืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืืกืืื.
ื”ืขืืื” ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืืฉืื ืืคืืจืขื ืืช, ืืชืืจืฉืื ืืืืช ืจืื ืืืืืืงืช, ืืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืขืก. ืืืื ื ืืคืื ืืื, ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืืจืฉ. ืืืคื’ ืื ืืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืืขืก ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืจืืฉืื. ืขืืืื ืืืชืืืจ ืขื ืืืืืชืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื.
ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืงื ืืฉืื ืืฉืงื ืืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืงืืืืฉ ื’ ืฉืื, ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืชื ืืงืจืืชื, ืืืืื ืฉืจืื ืื ืืืจ ืจืข ืืจื ืืื ืืชืจืืง ืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืืื ืื.
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Finkel, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Chaim Zev ztโl
“ืืฉื ืื ื ืืจื ืืฉืืื”
ืกืืคืจ ืืืืื ืืจื ืืฉื ืืืจืง ืืฆ”ื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืคืืื ืฉืจืื ืืฆื ืจืื ืืืฉืืืช ‘ืืืื ืืชืืืื’ ืืชื ืืืื, ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื:
ืืื ืื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืฉื ืื, ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืชืงืฉืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืชืช ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืฆืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ, ืืคื ื ืฉืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืืื.
ืืืฉืืื, ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆ”ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืืงื. ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืชืืื ืืคื ื ืืืฉืืื. ืืืจ ืืจืืขื ืืืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืืงื, ืชืืขื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืืฉืืื. ืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืจื ืืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืื…
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื, ืงืืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืขืื, ืื ืืืฉืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉืงื ืืจืืืข ืืื ืืืขื ืืช.
ืืื ื, ืืคืชืข ืืืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืกื ืืคืืกืช ืกืืืจืืืช ืืืจืืงืืืืช ืืืงืจืชืืืช, ืืฆืจื ื ืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืกืืืจืืืช. ืืื ื ืชื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืชืืืื ืืขืฉื. ืืืช ืืืช ืืชืคืืื ืืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืืืจื ืจืืืขื ืื ืื ืืื.
ืืืืจ ืฉืืฆืื ืืืืืจืื, ืคื ืืชื ืื ืืืฉืืื: “ืจืื, ืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืื?” ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืื, ืืฉืืืชื: ืดืืืื ืื ืฉืืื?ืด ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื: ืดืืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืื! ืืื ืืืืจ ืื, ืืืืื ืืืจื ื ืืจื ืืฉืืื? ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืขืืืจืืช? ืืืืื ืื ืืกืจื ืืืชืืจื ืืงืืช ืฉืืื, ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืจืืืข ืจืืืืช? ืืื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืจื ืืงืืดื ืืช ืืฉืืื, ืืืงืจืื ืฉืืืื?!ืด
ืืชืื ืกืคืจ ‘ืืืื ืืกืืืืืงื’
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืื ืชืฆื
ืื ืชืื ื ืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืฉื”ืข ืกื’ ืจื”ื ืงื ื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื. ืืืงืื ืกื’ ืจื”ื ืจืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืฉืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืจืง ืืฉืขืช ืืืืื.
ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืื”ืจ ืืื”ืง ืืืฉืื ืืืจ ืืขืื ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉื”ืข ืฉืืชื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืจืืช.
ืืื ื ืืขื ืืฉื”ืข ืืขื ืื ืคืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืชื ื”ื ืื ืืื ื ืื ื ืืจืืื, ืืขืื ืืชื ืขืจืื”ืฉ ืืืื ืืืืข ืืชื ื ืืืจ ืืคืจื, ืืข’ ืจืื”ื ืจืฆ”ื ืื ืืจืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืื ืืืืฅ, ืืืย ืืขืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื, ืื”ืฉ ืืืจื ืืฉื”ืข. ืืืขื ืืืื”ืจ ืื”ื ืืืืช, ื”ื ืื”ืฉ ืื”ื ืื”ื ื”ื ื”ื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืขืช ืืืืื. (ืืืขืื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืื”ื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืฉืืง ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืก ืืืืื. ืืืืืจืื ืืื’ ื”ื ืืืืื.
ืืข’ ืืฉื”ืข ืืงื ื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืขืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื. ืืืชื ื”ื ืื”ื ืื ื ืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื, (ืืื ืจืื ืื ืฉืืฉื”ืข ืื ืืืืื, ืื ืคื’ ืืืื”ื ืืื ืฆ”ื ืฉืื ื ืืขืฆืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืฉื). ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืื”ื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืขืื ืืืฉืชื ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืงื ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืคืจืขืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื, ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืช ืืืฉืชื. ืืื”ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืขืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืจื ืื ื ืฉืฉ, ืืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืขื ืื ืื ื ืืืชื ืื ืืื”ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื”ืฉ ืื”ื ืื”ื ื”ื ืงื”ื.
ืืข’ ืืืืืง”ื ืจื”ื ืื ืื ื ืืืช ืืคืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืื”ื ืื ืคืกืง ืื.
(ืืื ื ืืฉ ื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืขื ืืืื ืืืฉืื. ืืืื’ ืฉืืจืฉ ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื”ื ืืืจืืช ืฉืืืื ื ืืื ืจืฉืืช, ืืืฃ ืฉืืชื ืื”ื ืื”ื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืขื”ืค ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืงื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืจืฉืืช. ืืืื’ ืื ืื ืื ืจืง ืืขื ืื ืืจืืช ืฉืืืื ื, ืืื ืืชื ืืืจ”ื ืืื’ ืืจืืชย ืื ืื ืื ื”ื ื”ื ืืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืื. ืื”ื ืืื’ ืืงื ื ืืืช ืื ืืืืฉืคืืชื ืืคื ืื”ื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืฉื ืืืื).
ืื ืกืืจืจ ืืืืจื ื ืืืื ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื
Partzovitz, Hagaon Harav Refoel Shlita
ืคืจืฉืช ืื ืชืฆื
ืืืกืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืฉืืข ืืืืื (ืืืจืื ืื, ืื), ืืืชื ืจืฉ”ื ืื”ื: “ืื ืกืืจืจ ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ืชืจืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืฉืชื ืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืื’, ืืื ืกืืจืจ ื ืืจื ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื ืืืืขื ืชืืจื ืืกืืฃ ืืขืชื ืกืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืฆื, ืืขืืื ืืคืจืฉืช ืืจืืื ืืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช, ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื”, ืขื”ื.
ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืฃ ืข”ื, ืืืืจ ืืืืข ืฉืืืจืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืืืกืืฃ “ืืกืืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื”, ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืชืงืืืืื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืงื ื ืงื ืื ืืชืืจื ืฆืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืงืืข ืืืฉืืืืช. ืื ืืขืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื ืฉืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ื ืคืงื ืืื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ืื ืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืช ืืืจืืฉืืื ื ืจืื ืขืค”ื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืงืฉื, ืืืืืืจื ืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืกืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื’, ืืืื ืื ืจืฉ”ื ืืค’ ืืืจื (ืืืฉืืช ืื, ืื) ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืื ืฉืืข ืืืงืื ืื ืงืื ืื ืขืจ ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉื, ืื”ื: “ืืคื ืืขืฉืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืฉืืื ืขืชืื ืืขืฉืืช. ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืช ืืงืืจืืื ืืืืืจืื ืจืืฉ”ืข ืื ืฉืขืชืื ืืจืขื ืืืืืช ืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืชื ืืขืื ืื ืืืจ, ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืืืง ืื ืจืฉืข, ืืืจื ืื ืฆืืืง, ืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืขืืฉืื ืื ื ืื ื, ืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉื”, ืขื”ื. ืื”ื ืื ืืขื ืืื ืกืืจืจ ื ืืื ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืคื ืืขืฉืื ืฉื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื. ืืืืจ ืชืืจืฆื ืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืจืจ ืฉืืจืฉ ืืขืชืื ืืืจ ื ืืฆื ืืขืช, ืืฉืื ืฉืกืืคื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช, ืื”ื ืฉืื ื ืื ืืื ืฉื ื’ ืืืฉืืขืื, ืฉืฉื ืืฆืื ืืขืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฆืื ืืขืช, ืืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืขืื ืฉ, ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืืจืจ ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืฆื ืฉื ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช.
ืืืขืชื ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืขื ืืืฆืจื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืกืืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืชืืืืื ืืชืงืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื, ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืฆืื ืืขืช ืืช ืืขืชืื. ืื ืืืื ืฉืชืืืืื ืื ืืชืงืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืื ืชืงืื, ืืืืื ืกืืคื ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ื ืขื ืฉ ืืืจ ืืขืช.
ืืืกืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืงืฆืช ื ืืชื ืืืืจ, ืืืฃ ืืืืื ืกืืคื ืืชืืืื ืืืชื, ื”ื ืื ืืื ืื ืกืืืื ืืงื ืืช ืงื ืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืื ื ืืจื, ืืจืง ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืงื ืื ืืชืืจื, ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืงืืื. ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืจืื ืื”ื, ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืงืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืื ืืงื ืืช, ืืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืข”ืฉ ืกืืคื. ืืืื ืืืฆืจื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืกืืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืงืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืชืืืืื, ืืืื ื ืขื ืฉ ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื, ืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืจ.
ืืขืฆื ืืืจื ืืื’ ืืื ืกืืจืจ ืืืืจื ื ืืื ืขื ืฉื ืกืืคื, ืืืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืงืืข ืืืฉืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืคืจืืฉ, ืืื ืื ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช. ืืืคื”ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืืืืชื ืืื’ ืกื ืืืจืื (ืขื ืข”ื), ืืื ืืืจ ืขืืืจื ืืื ื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืกืืจืจ, ืืืืจื ืืื’ ืืืขืื ืืื ืืืจ ืงืจื ืืื ื ื ืฉืืืข ืืงืืื ื ืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืงืื. ืืคืจืฉ”ื ืืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืคืืงื ืืื ืืืฃ ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ื ื ืฉืืืข. ืืืืืืจื ืฆ”ื ืืขื ืืืื, ืืืคื ืืืืืจ ื ืจืื ืืจืง ืื ืืงืคืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื ืฉืืคืจืืฉ, ืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื”ื ืจืืฉ ืค’ ืงืืืฉืื, ืื”ื ืืื ืกืืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืจืืื, ืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืฉืืฉ ืขืืืจื ืืืืืืชื, ืฉืื ืืฉ ืกืืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืชืฉืืื ืฉืืจื ืขืฉื ืขืืืจื, ืืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืข”ืฉ ืกืืคื.
ืืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื
ืื ืชืจืื ืืช ืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืจื ื ืืคืืื ืืืจื ืืืชืขืืืช ืืื, ืืงื ืชืงืื ืขืื (ืืืจืื ืื, ื). ืืืชื ืจืฉ”ื ืื”ื: “ืื ืืขืื ื ืืืืขืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืคื ืืขืืื”, ืืืืื ืช ืจืฉ”ื ืืืืืจื ืืืืืง ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ื, ื”ื ืื ืืืืื ื ื ืืคืืื ืืืจื, ืืข”ื ืคืืจืฉ ืฉื ืคื ืืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืขืื ื. ืืืืฆื ืืจืฉ”ื ืืืื ืฉื ืคื ืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื, ืืืฃ ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืชืงื”ื ืืฉืืข ืฉืืื ื ืคืงื ืืื ื ืฉืืชื ืื”ื: ืฉื ืฆืืืื ื ืืขืืืจ ืืช ืืืื ื ืืฉืืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืชืช ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืจื ืขื ืืืืจ ืืื'”. ืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืชืจืช ืืืฆืื ืืชื ืืืขืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืคื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืข ืืจืฉ”ื, ืืจืง ืืฆ”ื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉื ืฉื ืคื.
ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืฆืคืื ืืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืคื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืื, ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืคืืขืืื ืืจืืฆื ืืืขืืจ ืืืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืฆืื. ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืคืืขืืื ืืืขืื, ืืื ืฉืจืืฆื ืืืกืื ืฉืืจ ืคืืขืืื ืืืืขื ืื, ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืงืื ืคืืขื, ืืจืง ืืฉื ืคื ืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืืขืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืชืงืืข ืืืฆื ืืืชื ืฆืคืื, ืืืงืืง ืืขืช ืืกืืืข ืืืขืื ืืืจื ืืช ืืืฉื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื.
ืืืืขืช ืืจืื”ื ืืืื ื ืืืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื, ืืืคื”ื ืืื’ ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ ืื’ ื’ ืืชื ืืืฆืืช ืคืจืืงื ืืฉืืืืื ืจืืืฆืช ืชืืช ืืฉืื, ืืืื’ ื’ ืืชื ืื”ื: “ืืื ืืคืจืืง ืืื ืืื ื ื ืืื, ืืื ืืงืื ืขืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืขืื ืืฉืื ืืขืืื, ืฉื ื’ ืืงื ืชืงืื ืขืื ืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืจืช ืืื'” ืขื”ื.
ืืืฉืืขืืช ืืืจืื ืืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืคืจืืงื ืฉืืืจ ืฉืคืจืง ืืืืืจ ืืืืขืื, ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจืื”ื ืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืืจืช, ืืืฃ ืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืคืจืืงื, ื”ื ื ืืฉื ืืฆืื ื ืืกืคืช. ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจืืข ืฉืจืืฅ ืืืืืจ ืชืืช ืืฉืื ืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืกืชืื, ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืขืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืืช ืืืฉื. ืืืืื ื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืฉืืืจ ืืืืจืืข ืฉื ืคืจืืงื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืกืืืขื, ืืื ืืื’ ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ, ืืืื ืืชื ืืจืื”ื ืืืืืืช ืคืจืืงื ืืืขืื ื ืืชืื ืื’ ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ. ืืืืืฆื ืืืืจืื ืืขืฆื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืคื ืืืฉื ืืฆืจืื ืืืขืื, ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ, ืืจืง ืืืจ ืฉืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืชืืช ืืฉืื, ืืืื ืืืขืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืจืืข, ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจ ืืคืจืืงื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืขืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืขืื.
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื”ืข ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื ืืืืคื ืฉืื ืืื ืืขื”ื ืืคืืขืืื, ืืืขืช ืฆืจืื ืฉืืขืืจื ืื, ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื, ืืจืง ืืฉืงืจื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืคื ืืืชื ืฆืคืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืขืช ืืืขืื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืืขืื ื. ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืช ืืืจื ืจืฉ”ื ืืืืืจื ืฉื ืคื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืืืจ, ืืืืขืช ืืจืื”ื ื ืืกืฃ ืืืจ ืืืืืฉ, ืฉืจืง ืืขืื ื ืืืจ ืคืจืืงื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืขืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืจ ืืคืจืืงื, ืืืื ืืื’ ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ. ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืจืืื ืฉื ืคื ืืืฉื ืืฆืจืื ืืืขืื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืกืชืื, ืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืขืื ื.
ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืจืื”ื ืืกืืฃ ืคื”ื ืืื’ ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ, ืฉืืชื ืฉื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืคืจืืงื ืืืขืื ื ืืจืฉืข ืฉืื ืขืฉื ืชืฉืืื, ืื”ื: “ืืืข”ืค ืฉืขืืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืชืฉืืื ืื ืืฆืื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืคืจืืง ืืืืขืื ืขืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืฉืชืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื, ืืืชืืจื ืืงืคืืื ืขื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืจืฉืขืื ืืืื ืฆืืืงืื, ืืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืืืื ืื ื’ ืืืืืื ืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืช ืืื'”, ืขื”ื. ืืืืื ืช ืืจืื”ื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืฆื ืฉื ืคืืงืื ื ืคืฉ, ืืื ืคืฉืื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืฆืืช ื ืคืฉ ืื ืืจืฉืขืื, ืืื ืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืืจืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื, ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืจืื”ื ืืื ืขื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืฉืขืื ืืงืคืืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืกืืืื, ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืคืจืืงื ืืืขืื ื ืื ืืจืฉืขืื, ืืืืจื ืืจืื”ื ืฉืืืื ืืคืกืืง, ืื ืื ื ื ืืื ื’ ืืืงืื ืื ืื ืืืคืืฅ ืืืืช ืืจืฉืข ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืจืฉืข ืืืจืื ืืืื. (ืืืืจืื ื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืกืคืจื ื ืื ืืช ืจืคืื ื”ื ืกื’ ื’ ืืขื”ืฉ).
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Elefant, Harav Hagaon Yosef Shlita
Elul: The Journey from Brain to Heart
Parashas Ki Seitzei/Elul
Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant shlita
The Gemara (Megillah 17b) discusses the order of Shemoneh Esrei, and wonders why the berachah of binah, ืึทืชึผึธื ืืึนื ึตื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึผึทืขึทืช, is juxtaposed with the berachah of teshuvah, ืึฒืฉืึดืืึตื ืึผ ืึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึฐืชืึนืจึธืชึถืึธ? To answer this question, the Gemara brings a passuk in Navi that links the two concepts: ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื ืึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืจึธืคึธื ืืึน. The words ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื mean that a personโs heart will understand, meaning that he will have binah, while ืึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืจึธืคึธื ืืึน signifies that he will do teshuvah and be healed.
Thatโs why thereโs a connection between daas and teshuvah. The Maharsha there explains that if a person who has daas, he realizes what is a cheit, what damage a cheit causes, and before Whom the person did the cheit โ and thatโs the ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื, the ืึทืชึผึธื ืืึนื ึตื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึผึทืขึทืช. When a person has daas and binah, he understands what he did, and then he can do teshuvah.
Perhaps we can suggest another approach.
The Ramban in Parshas Eikev explains the passuk ืึผืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ืขึธืจึฐืึทืช ืึฐืึทืึฐืึถื as follows: ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืคืชืื ืืืขืช ืืืืช. Evidently, there is a covering over the heart, and when the person does โmilahโ on his heart and removes the blockage, the heart knows the truth.
Itโs interesting that the Ramban attributes knowledge of the truth to the heart, since we generally assume that emes is an intellectual concept. What does it have to do with the lev?
The Gemara teaches (Yoma 39a): ืขืืืจื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืฉื ืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืชืงืจื ืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืื. An aveirah causes a personโs heart to become blocked โ metumtam, farshtupt โ which we derive from the phrase ืื ืืืชื ืื, which the Gemara says we can be read not as ืึฐื ึดืึฐืึตืืชึถื, but as ืึฐื ึดืึผึทืึฐืึถื.
We would think this means that if a person does an aveirah, thereโs some sort of tumah, some sort of ruchniyusdike deterioration or contamination that happens to him, and his sensitivities, his emotional awareness, becomes blocked. Then, he loses his sensitivity for ruchniyus, for Torah, for avodas Hashem.
But Rashi there gives a different explanation. An aveirah, he explains, is ืืืืืช ืืกืืชืืช ืืื ืืืื โ it blocks and closes off the heart so that no chochmah can enter.
Rashi is saying that the main spiritual damage of an aveirah is that it obstructs the personโs heart from absorbing chochmah. Why is that?
Rashi is teaching a fundamental lesson here: The essence of a human being is his ability to use his seichel, his daas, to control himself and be the master over his own heart. Indeed, the sefarim state that the word melech is an acronym for moach, lev, and kaved, conveying that the moach has to rule over the lev. Thatโs the real malchus.
The Loss of the Essence
The knowledge that a person possesses has to enter his heart and permeate his reality and daily life. When Rabbeinu Yonah speaks about charatah, he says that a dramatic part of charatah is to realize that the Eibishter gave me a neshamah, and granted me the seichel to rule over myself.
Thatโs the essence of humanity, and thatโs the whole purpose of creation. And, he continues, and now that I didnโt use my neshamah โ which is my seichel โ to control myself, lamah li chaim? What meaning does my life have?
The essence of a human being is that Hakadosh Baruch Hu gave him a neshamah: ืึทืึผึดืคึผึทื ืึผึฐืึทืคึผึธืื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึทืึผึดืื. On the words ื ึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืฆึทืึฐืึตื ืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืืึผืชึตื ืึผ, Rashi says that a personโs being formed in Hashemโs image is manifested in his intellect, his ability to understand: ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืื. Thatโs the articulation and the expression of the tzelem Elokim in a human being. Thatโs the essence of humanity, and thatโs the godliness inside a person.
The Eibishter gave you seichel to help you channel and harness all your kochos in the right way โ and thatโs the nekudah of Godliness in a person. The sheleimus of a human being is that he uses the tzelem Elokim and the seichel it gives rise to, in the correct way. If he doesnโt, then, as Rabbeinu Yonah declares, lamah li chaim? So seichel is not just an added tool or an extra darga. The essence of the human being is to have seichel and use it for the right purposes.
When a person does a cheit, at the forefront of his wrongdoing is that he didnโt use seichel, and didnโt follow the emes of the tzelem Elokim inside of him. The damage of a cheit, as Rashi says, is that it blocks chochmah, which would perhaps naturally enter a personโs heart, from penetrating it.
Restarting the Flow
We can now understand what the Ramban is expressing when he says that ืึผืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ืขึธืจึฐืึทืช ืึฐืึทืึฐืึถื means that the lev will be open to know the truth. There is the truth, and then there is the truth running a personโs life โ that he lives what he knows, he feels what he knows, he strives for what he knows: ืึฐืึธืึทืขึฐืชึธึผ ืึทืึผืึนื ืึทืึฒืฉึตืืึนืชึธ ืึถื ืึฐืึธืึถืึธ. Thatโs taking the orlah off the lev, taking off the blockage and letting the chochmah enter so that the heart should know the emes. Itโs not enough for the brain to know the emes; the heart needs to know it as well.
The is the basis of the entire Mussar movement. Rโ Yisrael Salanter started it in order to address this challenge of a person knowing the emes but not feeling or acting on it. Mussar enables a person to constantly remind his body, his lev, his emotional system, his retzonos, and his base desires what the emes is.
So now we have a new understanding of what the Gemara in Megillah means when it cites the passuk ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื ืึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืจึธืคึธื ืืึน to explain why the berachah of binah immediately precedes that of teshuvah. According to the Maharshaโs explanation, the passuk specifiesืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื ย because the person who has daas recognizes what the significance of a cheit is. Rashi in Yoma, however, is teaching that the damage caused by a cheit is that it stops chochmah from entering the heart. The tikkun and teshuvah for a cheit, then, is that the chochmah goes back into the heart: ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื. Thatโs why the passuk specifically mentions the heart โ because weโre not talking about acquiring knowledge that you donโt already possess, weโre talking about existing knowledge penetrating your heart.
Teshuvah reconnects the heart to the binah. Itโs not just the brain that holds the knowledge, itโs the heart as well, and then, the person can do teshuvah:ย ืึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืจึธืคึธื ืืึน. The Baal HaTurim says, on the passuk in Parshas Nitzavim ืึผืึธื ืโ ืึฑืึนืงึถืืึธ ืึถืช ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ ืึฐืึถืช ืึฐืึทื ืึทืจึฐืขึถืึธ, that the words ืึถืช ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ ืึฐืึถืช ืึฐืึทื have the roshei teivos โElul.โ And the avodah of Elul is ืึผืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ืขึธืจึฐืึทืช ืึฐืึทืึฐืึถื, getting our daas to penetrate and sink in.
The milah of the lev involves connecting what we know is right to our daily lives. And during Elul, thereโs siyatta dโShmaya to do it. Thatโs really the avodah of learning mussar. Thatโs the lesson of ืึผืึฐืึธืืึน ืึธืึดืื ืึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืจึธืคึธื ืืึน.
A gut gebentcht yahr.