ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Levinshtein, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel ztโl
ืืขื ืืช ืืืืจืช ืืคื ื ื’ ืืืืืื ืืื’ ืื ืฆืขืง ืื ื’ ืืื
ืืืื ืื ืื ืชืฉืืข ืืงืื ื’ ืืืงืื (ืื,ืื)
ืืืจ ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ื: ืคืื ืืื ืฉืืืฉืจ ืืชืขืืจืจ ืืืื ืกืคืง ืขื ืืจืืืืชื ื”ืข, ืืจื ืฉืืืจืฉ ืืื ืืจืืคืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืจ ืืช ืืฆืื, ืื ืืืชืงืจื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจ ืขื ืืจืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืื ืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืขืืจืจ ืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืขืืื ืขืื ืจื ืืื ืืขืืจืจ ื ืคืฉื.
ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืจื ืืืืคื ืฉ”ืืื ืืขืื ืืืื”, ืฉืื ืขื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืจืง ืืขืื ืืืืืขื, ืืืืฉ”ื ืื”ื “ืื ืืืขืช ืืืฆืืช, ืื ืชืืืื”. ืขืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ื ืืช ืืืคืจืขืืช ืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ื ืืืืืคืชย ืืขื”ื ืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืชืืืจ ืขืืื ืฉื ื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืคืจืขืืช ืืื.
ืืืืฉืื ืฉืืคืจืืขื ืืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืงื”ื ืืชืจื. ืื ืข”ื ืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืชืืืื ืฉืืคืจืฉื ืืจืื ืืืืคื ืืืืฉื ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืจื ืืขืืื ื ืืชื ืืชืืจื. ืฉืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ื ืืจืืื ืืืื? ืจืง ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืคืืขื! ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืืืื ืืงืืืืช ื”ื.
ืืื ืจืืืื ืื ื ืืช ืืืืจ ืืืฉืคื. ืืชืืื ื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืฉืืืช ืื ืืงื”ื ืืชืจื, ืื “ืขื ืืื ืืฉืคื ืืื”. ืืื ืืืฉืคื ื ืืชื ืืืืืื.
ืื ืขืืื ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืงื”ื ืืืืืื ื “ืืืชื ืชืืฉืื ืื”, ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืขื ืืฆืจื ืืจืข. ืข”ื ืฉืืืจืืฉ ืืช ื’ ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืงืื ืืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืจื, ืืืื ืืืกืจ ืืืขืืจืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืชืย ืืืืืืชื ืืฉื ื ืืืื.
ืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืฉืืข ื’ ืืช ืงืืื ื (ืื,ื-ื)
ืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืงืจืืื ืขื ืืืืืจืื: “ืืฉืืจืฉื ืืืฆืื, ืืคื ืฉืืืื ืืขืืจืจ ืืืฉืืืชืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืคืื, ืข”ื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื’ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืช ืืืืชื ืืขืฉืืช ืคืืจืืช, ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืงืื ื, ืจืืื ืื ืืขืืจืจ ืืืื ืืืืจื ืคืืื ืืืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืกืคืจ ืืกืืื ืืชืืจื ืขืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ืืื. ืืข”ื ืืชืืื ืืขื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืื ื ืฉืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืขื ืื ืขืืืืช ืืืฆืจืืื ืื ื, ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื ื”ื ืืืื, ืืืืจ ืืฉืื ืืืงืฉ ืืืคื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืขืืื. ืืืชืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ื ืคืฉื ืืฉืื ื’ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืจืืช ืืจืฆื, ืืข”ื ืฆืืื ื ืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืื – ืื ืืคืฅ ืืกื ืืื”.
ืืืื ื ืฉืชืคืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืื ‘ืืชืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ื ืคืฉื ืืฉืื ื”. ืืืืื ื, ืื ืชืคืืื ืืื ื ืจืง ืืงืฉื, ืชืคืืื ืืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช.
ืืืื ืฉืชืคืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจื ืืงืฉืช ืฆืจืืื, ืืืืืจื ืืืืจื (ืืจืืืช ืื.): “ืชืคืืื ืื ืืงืฉื”, ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืืืจ ืืืช ืจืขืื, ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืฆืขืงื ืืชืื ‘ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ื ืคืฉื ืืฉืื ื”.
ืืืฉืืจืืืฉ ืืืชืคืื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืืืืชืจืืืืืช ืืืืื ืื”ืช, ืืืข ืฉืืชืคืื ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืคืืืชื ืชืชืงืื. ืืฉื ืื ืื”ืช ืขืืื ืืืฆืคื ืืชืคืืืชื ื, ืฉืขื ืืื ื ืชืขืืจืจ ืื ืชืงืจื ืืืื.
ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืขื ืืืืจืื ืฉื ‘ืื ืฆืขืง’ ืขื ืฉืืื ื’ืืืจื ืืช ืขื ืื ื’, ืจืง ืืชืื ืฆืขืจ ืืขืื ืื ืชืืช ืื ืืฆืจืื. ืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืฆืขืงื ืืื ืืขืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืชืงืื.
ืื ืฆ”ื, ืืื ืจืง ืขื ืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืข ื’ืฆืขืงื’ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉ’ืืืฉืืข’?
ืืฉ ืืื ืขืฆื ืคืฉืืื, ืื ืืื ื ืืฆื ืืฆืขืจ ืืืฆืจื, ืื ืจืง ืืืืืื ืืจืืืฉืื ืืืช. ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืช ืขืืืืช ื’ ืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฆืจื ืฆืจืืจื ืืื ื ืืฆื…
ืข”ื ืฆืจืื ืืฆืขืืง, ืฉื ืืื ืืืจืืืฉ ืืืืชืจืืื ืืขืืืืช ื’, ืืืฉื ืชืคืื ืืชืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืื, ื ืฆืขืง ืื ื’ ืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืฉื ืืื ‘ืืืฉืืข ื’ ืืช ืงืืืื ื’.
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Partzovitz, Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nachum ztโl
ืืืืืื ืจืขืื ืื ืืื ืื (ืื, ื ื)
ืืืืชื ืืืคืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื ืืืืืื ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืฉื ืืช ืืืืชื ืืงืฉื ืืืืกืืจืื ืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืคืคืืื, ืืืชื ืืื ืืืจื ืืชืขืืจืจืืช ื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืช ืืืกืืจืื ืืืืืขืช ืชืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื, ืื”ื:
ืืฆื ืืจืืืืชื ืขืชื ืืื ืืขืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื, ื”ื ืฉืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืืจืช ืืฉืืขืืจืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืื”ื (ืืจืืฉืืช ืจืื ืื, ื) ืขื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืฉื ืฆืจืื ืืงืืก ืืืืจืื, ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืจื ืื”ื ืจืขืื ืืฉืืืืืชื ืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืขืชื, ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืืืจืื ืืช ืืืกืืจืื ืขื ืืืื, ืืฉืืืขืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืืื ืคืืื ื ืืื ืชืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืคืืื ื ืืืฉืขื ืคืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืื ืคืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืกื ืคืืื ื, ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืื ืงืฆืืื ืืืืืง. ืืื ื ืืฃ ืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืขืื ืืืช, ืืื ืืงืื ืงืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืืืฉ ืืื, ืืืคืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืจื, ืืขืื ืืจื ืืืจื ืืคืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืฆืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืืืืฉ ืื ืืจืืืื, ืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืื.
ืืืฉืื ืืจื ืจื”ื ืืฆ”ื ืืืืชื ืืชืืฆืืช ืืื: ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืงืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืื”ื (ืืจืืืช ืืฃ ื’ ืข”ื) ืื ืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืกืืจืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืคืฉืคืฉ ืืืขืฉืื. ืืืช ืืืืจืช ืฉืื ืืกืคืืง ืืงืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื, ืืืจื ืื ื ืืืจ ืื ืืจื ืืชืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ, ืืื ืืื ื ื ื ืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืกืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ื ืืื ืื ืืข ืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืืขืฉืื ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืคืฉืคืฉ ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืืชืงื ืื ืฉืืคืฉืจ, ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืจืฆื ืืื, ืืื ืขืืืื ืงืฉื, ืืฃ ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืกืจ ืืื ืืชืืืช, ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืงื ืืช ืื ืฉืฆืจืื, ืขื ืื ืช ืฉืขื ืืื ืื ืืกืืจื ืืืกืืจืื ืืขืืื, ืืงืฉืื ืืืืืขื ืืืชืืงืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื, ืืืื ืื ืืจื ืื ืืืกืืจืื ืื ืืฉืื.
ืืืคืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืฉืื ืืืืื, ืฉืื ืืคืจืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ, ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื.
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืื ืชืื
ืืจืืจ ืืืืฉ ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืจื ืืชืืจื, ืืข’ ืจืื”ื ืืฉื ืกืคืจื ืขื ืืืืืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืงืจืืืช ืืชืืจื.
ืืื ื ืืคื ืฉื”ืข ืงื”ื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืงืจืืื”ืช, ืืกื’ ืงื”ื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืงืจืืื”ืช. ืืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื. ืื”ื ืืื”ืจ ืกืืก”ื ืงื”ื.
ืืข’ ื”ื ืงื”ื ื’ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืฉืงืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืงืืจื ืจื”ื ืกืขืืฃ ื’ ืื ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืก”ืช.
ืืืขื ื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืข’ ืขืจืื”ืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืกืืืจื, (ืืข’ ืฉ”ื ืจืข”ื ืืขื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืืจ ืกืคืจ ืคืชืื), (ืืืืขื ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืืขืืื, ืืื’ ืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืข’ ืฉืค”ื). ืื”ื ืืื ื ืกืคืจื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืจ. ืืืขื”ื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคื”ื.
(ืืืคื ืื ”ื ืืฉืื ืืื’ ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืืจ ื”ืฉ ืืคื ืืก’ ืกืืคืจืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืงืจืืื”ืช. ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ, ืืืขื ืื ืื ืืืื ืข’ ืฉืื ื”ื ืืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืง ืืขื ืขื ืกืืฃ ืงืจืืื”ืช ืืืฉื ืืืจื ื ืืื ืืืืจื”ืฅ ืืฉืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืื).
ืืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืขืืจ ื”ื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื”ื ืฉืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืืื “ืืืืืื”. ืฉื”ืจ ื”ื ืกืงื”ื ืฉืืื ืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืก”ืช, ืืืฉืืข ืื ื”ื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื.
(ืืืคื ืื”ื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืืืื, ืืืื ื ืืืืื. ืืข’ ืืขืฉื ืืืฉ ื”ื ืืงืื ’ ืืืจื”ืง ืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื”ื ืขื’ ื”ื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืื. ืื”ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช. ืืข’ ื”ื ืงื”ื ื’ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืก”ืช ืื ืืืงื ืื ื”ื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื. ืืืื’ ื ืืืงื ืืื, ืืืฉ ืืืืืช. ืืข’ ืืขืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืขืจืื”ืฉ ืื”ื ืืกืชืืจ ืฉืฉื ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืขืืงืจ.
(ืืืคื ืืื”ื ื ืจืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืขื ื”ื ืืืืื, ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืชื ืืงืื ืื”ืฉ ื”ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืื).
ืขืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืืื
Carlebach, Moreinu Hagaon Harav Binyomin Shlita
ืชืืช ืืฉืจ ืื ืขืืืช ืืช ื’ ื’ ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืช ืืืืืื ืืื’ ืืจืขื ืืืฆืื ืืืขืืจื ืืืืืกืจ ืื (ืืืจืื ื”ื ื”ื).
ืื ืืจืื ื”ื ื’ ืคืืื ืืืืจืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืื ืืืชืื ืืืกืจ ืื, ืืืจ ืจื ืืื ืืืจ ืจื ืืื ื ืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืจื ืืกืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืฉื ืจื ืฉืฉืช ืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืจื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืขืช.
ืืืืืจื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืคืจืฉ “ืืืกืจ ืื” ืฉืงืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื, ืื ืืืกืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืกืืกืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืขืช ืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืง ืืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืช ืจื ื ืืื ืฉ”ืืกืจ ืื” ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืช ืฆืจืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืืืืืืจ.
ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืจื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืืช ื ”ื ื’ ืืื [ืื ืืืื] ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืขืืช ืืืข ืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืขื ืฉืืฆื ืคืช ืืืืื ืืจืฉ ืืืจืข ืืงืฆืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืืจืจ ืืืื ืืืจืงืื ืืืฉ ืืืคื ืืื”ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืืฆื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืงื ืื ืืคื ื, ืืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืข ืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืขื ืฉืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฅ ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืืฆื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืคื ื.
ืืืืกืืฃ ืข”ื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืขื ืืกืื ืืืืจื ืืชื’ ืขื ืืฉืชืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืงืืจืืช ืื ืืกืืื ืืช ืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืขื ืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืจืืืง ืขืืืื ืืจื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืชืช ืืฆืืืืช ืืฉื”ืช ืืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืขื ืืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืืืืืืง ืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืฆืจืื ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืจืืืืื ืืงืื ืชืืจืชื ื ืืงืืืฉื ืืชืจื”ื ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชื ืืื ืืืืืจืืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืื ื. ืืื ื ืืืฆื ืื ืืื ืืชืืงื ืื ืืคื ื, ืืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืงื ืืช ืกืคืจ ืืกืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืคืชืืื ืืคื ื. ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืืืืืช ืืฉื”ืช ืขื ืื.
ืืื ืืืื ืช ืืืชืื ืืจื ืื, ืืคื ืฉืคืืจืฉ ืฉื ืืื’ ืจื ื ืืื, ืืจ”ื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืืชื ืืืงืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืชื ืืื ืืขื, ืจ”ื ืืฉืงืคืช ืืชืืจื ืืง’ ืืืจืืจื, ืืชืืงื ืช ืืืืืฉืืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืื. ืืื, ืืืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืจื”ื, ืืืืื ื ืืขืืจืื ืืืืืกืจ ืื, ืืืช ืืืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืืขื ืื ืืื ื, ืืช ืืฉืงืคืช ืืชืืจื ืืง’.
ืืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืขื ืืืจืืืช ืืจืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืกืจ ืฉืืืืจืืชืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืขืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืจืืื. ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืชืืจื, ืื ืืขืื’ ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืืฆื ืืช ืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉ ืืชืืงื ืื ืืคื ืื.
ืจืืืชืื ื ืืืจืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืืง ืืขืืืืช ืืฉื”ืช ืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืืืฆื”ืจ ืืื ืืข ืืื ื ืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฃ ืืืื.
ืืืชื ืืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืืืฉื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืืชื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืืืจืช ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืืขืื ืคืงืืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืจ”ื ืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืงืืื ืืฆืืืชื’ ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื. ืืื ืืชืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืฉ, ืจ”ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืื ื ืื ืืฆืจ ืืจืข ืืืืื ืืชื. ืืืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืจ ืืจืข, ืืื ืืชืชืคืฉืื ืืืืื, ืจ”ื ืืืฆืจ ืืจืข ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืจ ืืชืืืง ืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืชื’ ืฆืจืื ืืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืฉืขื ืื ืื ืืงืคืืฅ ืขืืื ืืฆืจื ืืื ืืข ืืื ื ืืช ืืฉืจ ืจืืฆื ืืื ืืืฉืื. ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืคืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืจืชื ืืขืืืืชื ืืคืชื ืืืชื ืืืฆื”ืจ ืืืืื ืขืืื ืืช ืืืฉื ืืืคืื.
ืืืกืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืคืจืง ื’ ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืชืฉืช ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืื”ื ืืื ืืฆืืขื ืค”ื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื. ืื ื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืชื ืืขืืืืช, ืื ืืืจืื ืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืคื ืื ืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืจืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืืื.
ืฉื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืจืข ืืืืขืืช. ืืฉ ืืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืฉ ืืฉืจ ืืืขื ืืืชื ืืืข”ืค ืฉืืื ืจืืื, ืจืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืืื.
ืืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืื. ืืฉืืื ืื ืคืฉ ืฉืขืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืืื ืืืืืืืงื ืืืืื ืืื. ืื ืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืฆืื ืืจืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืจืืืช ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืฉื ืืคื ื ืฉื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืชื. ืืฉืืื ืื ืคืฉ ืคืืจืืฉื ืืืชืืื ื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืขื ืืขืฉืื, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืฉืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืืื, ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืชืงื ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืืืชื ืืืื ืงืืื. ืืฉืืชืจืื ืืขืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฆื ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื.
ืขืื ืืขืืช ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืขืืื ืืืจืื ืืขืืช ืืืจ, ืืืืืืจ ืืืจ”ื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืืฃ ืืจืืืื ืืืื ื”ื ื’ ืืจืืื ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืงืคืืฅ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืื ืืขืื’ ื ืืื ื ืืืชืืืช, ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืจื. ืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืืคื ืฉืงืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืืืืชื ืงื ืื ืื ืคืฉ ืืื”ื ืขืืื ืขืื ืืฆืืื ืืื.
ืืชื ื’ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฆื ืืช ืกืืืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืชื ืืกืคืจื ืฉื ืฆืืืงืื ืืืืจืื ืืื”ืจ.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Wagschal, Harav Hagaon Yehuda Shlita
Emes as an Expression of Rachamim
Parshas Ki Savo/Selichos
Harav Hagaon Yehudah Wagshal shlita
This Motzaei Shabbos we will begin to say Selichos, a major focus of which are the 13 middos harachamim. I would like to highlight one of the 13 middos harachamim that doesnโt seem to reflect rachamim, and that is emes: ืึถืจึถืึฐ ืึทืคึผึทืึดื ืึฐืจึทื ืึถืกึถื ืึถืึฑืึถืช.
Emes means truth, exactitude โ which is what din is. Yet we want Hakadosh Baruch Hu to behave with us lifnim mishuras hadin, which means going beyond strict judgment. Where is the rachamim in emes?
In order to understand this, we need to have a clear understanding of what emes really means. Obviously, emes means truth, but thereโs a deeper meaning to emes as well.
We say in Aleinu every day, ืึฑืึถืช ืึทืึฐืึผึตื ืึผ ืึถืคึถืก ืืึผืึธืชืึน โ Hashem, our King, is emes; there is no one else besides Him. Shouldnโt we say that Hashem is one โ echad โ and there is no one else besides Him? What does emes have to do with there being no one else? We see from here that the two concepts are one and the same: emes is echad โ one. Because when thereโs only one truth, thatโs emes. A ย person who says sheker is making up a second thing that doesnโt exist, and thatโs the definition of sheker.
Man is Pure Sheker
This idea is also reflected in the Midrash in Tehillim, which relates that when Hakadosh Baruch Hu was deciding to create Adam HaRishon, there was a big debate between the different middos as to whether man should be created. Chessed and emes were on opposite sides of this debate, as the passuk states, ืึถืกึถื ืึถืึฑืึถืช ื ึดืคึฐืึผึธืฉืืึผ: Chessed said, create Adam because heโs gomel chassadim. Emes said, donโt create Adam, because heโs kulo sheker.
If the Midrash would say that emes argued that Adam shouldnโt be created because he lies often, I would understand. But the lashon of the Midrash is that Adam is kulo sheker โ heโs entirely sheker. Is there really no truth in Adam? People indeed lie sometimes, even often. But they donโt always lie. Why is Adam considered kulo sheker, to the point that he doesnโt deserve to be created?
We can answer based on the above idea that emes means one. A malach, for example, is one, in the sense that he is single-minded: he focuses only on Hakadosh Baruch Hu and ruchniyus; gashmiyus plays no role in his existence. An animal is also emes; itโs also one-track minded. It has one goal โ gashmiyus, and its sole focus is the world we live in. A beheimah has zero ruchniyus.
Adam, however, is pulled in opposing directions. He is made up, on one hand, of a chelek Eloka mimaโal โ his neshamah, which is striving and pulling him towards ruchniyus. And then he has his guf, which is like a beheimah, pulling him toward gashmiyus. A person is all over the place; by definition, he is not emes, since emes means being one-track-minded. Therefore, emes said, donโt create him, since heโs kulo sheker.
Hakadosh Baruch Hu did create man in the end. What, then, was His response to the argument that emes put forth? The Midrash says, based on the passuk ืึฑืึถืช ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืชึผึดืฆึฐืึธื, that Hashem took middas haโemes and threw it to the ground, so that emes would grow from there.
All in One Direction
What does this mean? A person, by definition, is a walking contradiction โ kulo sheker, since his guf pulls him to all the taavos and gashmiyus of the world, while his neshamah pulls him to the highest places in ruchniyus.
But Hakadosh Baruch Hu created a tremendous chiddush. He took emes and threw it into the ground, essentially declaring that itโs possible for a human being to live in this world and tend to the needs of his guf, his animalistic side, but to channel all that to Hakadosh Baruch Hu. In other words, a person can be one-track minded with his guf and harness it in the service of the neshamah. Just because he has a guf and a neshamah, that doesnโt mean he has to lead a double life, torn between his striving for good and his pull towards bad. He can live in this world and take what he needs from it, while channeling it to avodas Hashem.
If his purpose and goal with that gashmiyus is just to party and have a good time, heโs living a sheker. But if he takes that enjoyment and uses it to clear his mind so he can focus on avodas Hashem, then even his guf is helping him serve Hashem: โNow my mind is clear, and I donโt feel deprived, so I can focus on whatโs really important without worrying about my health, or about parnassah or other physical needs. Iโll throw my guf a bone so that I should be able to focus.โ
Then, even though heโs gashmi, he is headed in a single direction. He can then enjoy his gashmiyus ืึฐึผืฉึดืืึฐืึธื ืึผืึฐืืึผื ืึตืึธื ืึตืจึนื ืึนึผื, as it says in this weekโs parshah. Emes can grow out of the ground, out of the gashmiyus, because itโs all one.
We canโt deny that we have a guf, with physical needs. Our challenge is not to let that physicality lead us to live a double life, a life of contradictions, such as if Iโm one person in the beis midrash and in shul, and a totally different person when Iโm at work or on vacation. True, I have my gashmiyus needs, but that doesnโt take away from my focus on avodas Hashem, which is the emes of what a Yid stands for. Thatโs our avodah, and thatโs middas haโemes.
We can now understand what emes means in the context of the 13 middos harachamim. A person is expected to serve Hashem and to bring himself, and the world, to the place where Hakadosh Baruch Hu wants him and the world to be. Sometimes, we slip and do the wrong thing, and middas hadin demands that retribution be served.
But middas haโemes dictates that since Hakadosh Baruch Hu is emes, everything has to stay focused on the goal of serving Him. Even if we made a mistake, or we slip up on occasion, we, and Klal Yisrael in general, are working towards the goal of bringing the world and ourselves closer to Hakadosh Baruch Hu. Yes, we made a mistake along the way, but we still stay focused on the main goal.
Middas haโemes is one of Hakadosh Baruch Huโs attributes, and if we behave with the middas haโemes that comes from the earth, maintaining a focus on avodas Hashem in our life, we can turn to Hakadosh Baruch Hu and beg him to exercise middas haโemes as well and stay focused on Klal Yisraelโs ultimate goal. Even if we made mistakes, and even if we slipped up once in a while, we say to Hakadosh Baruch Hu, โHere we are, fulfilling Your ultimate goal and staying focused on that.โ
In that zechus, He should grant us a yeshuah and a kapparah.