BereishisChayei Sarah

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื•ื™ื‘ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืกืคื•ื“ ืœืฉืจื” ื•ืœื‘ื›ื•ืชื” (ื›ื’, ื‘)
ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ ืฉื ืฉื ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”ย ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืคื•ื ื™ื‘ื–’, ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœืžื” ื›ื”ื ืžืŸ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, ื”ืงืฉื” ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™: ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืคืจืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืกืคื“? ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืœื ืฉืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”?

ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ: ื”ื”ืกืคื“ ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืžืขืœื” “ืฉื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื””, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื™: ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืคืจื˜ ื•ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื’ื“ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื”, ืจืง ื–ืืช ืืžืจ “ืฉื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื” – ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื””. ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ. ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืฆืœื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืคืกืง ื•ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื”ืกืคื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื”! ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื›ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”.

ืฉื‘ื— ืžื•ืคืœื ื–ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืคื•ื ื™ื‘ื–’ ื–ืฆ”ืœ. ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื ืคืœืื” ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื ื•, ื‘ืžืขืžื“ื ื• ืื ื•, ืœืชืืจื” ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื” ื›ืจืื•ื™. ืืžื ื ื–ืืช ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื•ื“ืื•ืช: “ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื””! ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื—ืกื“, ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืขืฉื™ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื–ื›ื” ืฉืขื“ ื–ืงื ื” ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืจื™ื.

ื–ื” ื’ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• “ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื” (ื›ื“, ื), ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’ ื•ืœื ื—ืœืงื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืคืกืง ื›ืœืœ.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Rebbi Avrohom Tzvi Kamai zt"l

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืื‘”ื“ ืžื™ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฆื‘ื™ ืงืžืื™ ื”ื™”ื“ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”
ื™”ื˜ ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉ”ื‘
ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื•ืื‘”ื“ ืžื™ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฆื‘ื™ ืงืžืื™ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ื›ื•ื ื” ื””ืืคื˜ื™ื™ืงืขืจ” [-ื”ืจื•ืงื—] ืขืœ ืฉื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืžืžื ื• ื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ. ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ื“ืืŸ, ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ืงืžืื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ื™ืžืœื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื•. ืืš ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืฉืจืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืจื•ืงื— ‘ืคืฉื•ื˜’ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืช ื–ืงื ืชื• ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื• ืžืฉืจืช ืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืฆืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื ื™ืื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”, ืืš ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช.

ืขื ืคืจื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ื—ืฉื“ื• ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื’ื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ื ืืœืฅ ืœื ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื• ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืจื“ื™ืื ืกืง ืฉื‘ืื•ืงืจื™ื™ื ื”.

ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ื•ืชืง ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื•ืื‘”ื“ ืžื™ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื•ืš ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ. ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ื“, ืœืœื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช, ืงื ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกืข ืœืื‘ื™ื• ืœืžื™ื ืกืง. ืœืื—ืจ ื ืกื™ืขื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ืœืžื™ื ืกืง, ืื– ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื•ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื•. ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืคืœื.

ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ื•, ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืžื™ื ืกืง, ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, ืื‘”ื“ ืžื™ื ืกืง, ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจื”ืฆ ืœืž”ืž ืื‘ื™ื• ื›ืื‘”ื“ ื”ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืžื™ืจ ื•ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื. ืžืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”, ื ืกืข ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื™ืจ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ืฆืจืชื. ื›ืš ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืฉื ืฉืืจื” ื‘ื‘ืจื“ื™ืื ืกืง.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื”

ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข

ืข’ ืžืœื‘ื™”ื ื›ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืจืฆื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื• ืžื””ื˜ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื™ื•”ื“ ืฉืก”ื‘ ื”’, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื—ืช ื•ืืžืจื• ื‘ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืงื‘ืจื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืชื™ืš, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื—ื“. ื•ื›ืขื™”ื– ืจืœื‘”ื’ ื•ืจื“”ืœ.

ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื ”ืœ ื™ืœื™ืฃ ื”ื’ืž’ ืกื ื”’ ืž”ื– ืžืžืขืฉื” ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืืœื™ืฉืข. ื•ืข’ ืจืฉ”ื™ ืกื ื”’ ืž”ื• ื”ืœืžืž”ืก ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘”ื“ ื‘ื™ื””ืง ืœืจืฉืขื™ื, ื•ืข’ ืข’ ืค”ืช ืฉืข”ื“ ื’ ืžื—”ืก ืฉืž”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืœืžืž”ืก ื›ืจืฉ”ื™ ื”ื ”ืœ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื—ื•ืžืจื.

ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืข’ ืจ”ื™ ืžืœื•ื ื™ืœ ืกื ื”’ ืž”ื– ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขืฉืŸ ืžื”ืจืฉืข ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื™ ืœืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื”ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงื‘ืจื•, ื•ืข’ ืก’ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื•ื•ืจืžื™ื™ื–ื ืขืž’ ืฉื˜”ื– ื‘ื”ื’”ื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื›ื™ ืžื’ืœื™ืŸ ืœืฆื“ื™ืง ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื’ื•ื“ ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืจืฉืข ืกืžื•ืš ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืžื’ืœื™ืŸ ืœื•. ื•ื›”ื› ืžื”ืจื™”ืœ ื”ืœ’ ืฉืžื—ื•ืช. ื•ื›”ื› ืžืขื‘ืจ ื™ื‘ืง ืžืืžืจ ืฉืคืช ืืžืช ื™’, ื•ืข”ืฉ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืช”ื— ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื ืคื˜ืจ ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืฆืขืจื• ืขื“ ื›ื™ ืฉืžื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืจื• ืœืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉืข, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืก”ื— ืชืฉ”ื”.

(ื•ืข’ ืฉื‘ื””ืœ ื—”ื˜ ืจืž”ื— ื‘ืฉื ืื’ืจื ื“ืคืจืงื ืจืก”ื“ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ืžื” ืฉืคื™’ ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ื˜”ื• ืœ”ื ืื•ื–ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืชื•ื›ื—ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืชืœื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืœืคื™”ื– ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืข ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืชืžื” ืข”ื– ืžื ื—ืช ืืœืขื–ืจ ื—”ื‘ ืž”ื.

(ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืงื•’ ืžื ื—”ื ืขืœ ืื’ืจื ื“ืคืจืงื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืžื™ืœื ืงื•’ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื•ื•ืจืžื™ื™ื–ื ื•ืžื”ืจื™”ืœ ื”ื ”ืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืœืžืž”ืก ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ื—”ืก ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ื—ืกื™ื“, ืžื™ื”ื• ืฉื ืœื›ื’ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืœืžืž”ืก ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื”ื ื™ ืžื—ื™ืฆื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข ื ืชื—ื“ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ืž”ืฉ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื•ื•ืจืžื™ื™ื–ื ื•ืžื”ืจื™”ืœ, ื•ืœื–ื” ืœื ืžื”ื ื™ ืžื—ื™ืฆื”, ื•ืข”ื– ืงืื™ ืื’ืจื ื“ืคืจืงื ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ืฉืจื™ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืื•ื–ืŸ ืงื•ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื“ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื•ื•ืจืžื™ื™ื–ื ื•ืžื”ืจื™”ืœ.

ื•ืข”ืฉ ืฉื•”ืข ืฉืก”ื‘ ื‘’ ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืฉื ืžื•”ืง ื›”ื” ื‘ืจ’ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื‘ืฉื ืžื•”ืง ื™”ื– ื‘ืฆื•ืจื‘ื ืžืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืฉืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ืžื•ืจ.

ื•ืข’ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื ืช”ืœ ื“ื‘ื–ื””ื– ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืข”ืฉ ื“ืœื›ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื”ืœ ืœืฆื“ื™ืง. ื•ืข’ ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืฉ ื—”ื“ ืงืž”ื— ื‘ื”ืขืจื”. ื•ืข’ ืฉื‘ื””ืœ ื—”ื˜ ืจืž”ื— ืœืจ”ืž ื”ืœื‘ืจืฉื˜ื ื‘ืงื ื” ืงื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ ืจ”ืฉ ืžื–ื•ื•ืขื™ืœ.

ื•ืข’ ืžื ื—ืช ืืœืขื–ืจ ื—”ื‘ ืž”ื ืืฃ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื—”ืก ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืจืฉืข ืžื””ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืจืฉ”ื™ ืกื ื”’ ืž”ื• ื”ืœืžืž”ืก ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘”ื“ ื‘ื™ื””ืง ืœืจืฉืขื™ื, ืž”ืž ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืฆืœ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ืžื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื””ืช.

ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ - ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื

Moreinu Hagaon Harav Nachman Levovitz Shlita

ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ืชื™’ “ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืœ ืขื‘ื“ื• ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื’ื•’ ืœื ืชืงื— ืืฉื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ ืืฉืจ ืื ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื•, ื›ื™ ืืœ ืืจืฆื™ ื•ืืœ ืžื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืชืœืš ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืืฉื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืœื™ืฆื—ืง. ื•ื™ืงื— ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืขืฉืจื” ื’ืžืœื™ื ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืงืจื” ื ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืขืฉื” ื—ืกื“ ืขื ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื’ื•’, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืขืจื” ืืฉืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื™ื” ื”ื˜ื™ ื ื ื›ื“ืš ื•ืืฉืชื”, ื•ืืžืจื” ืฉืชื” ื•ื’ื ื’ืžืœื™ืš ืืฉืงื”, ืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื›ื—ืช ืœืขื‘ื“ืš ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื‘ื” ืื“ืข ื›ื™ ืขืฉื™ืช ื—ืกื“ ืขื ืื“ื•ื ื™” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›”ื“).

ื”ื ื” ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืชืžื ื” ืข”ื™ ืื“ื•ื ื™ื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข”ื” ืœืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื ืฉื’ื‘ื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืฉื” ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ื ื•, ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื”, ืฉื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื” ืžื—ืžืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืงื• ื•ื‘ื ื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•’. ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื—ืง ื™ืงืจื ืœืš ื–ืจืข, ื”ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืจืง ื‘ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืจื‘ืงื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœื™ืงื— ืืฉื” ืžื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื ืขืŸ. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืขืœืช ื•ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ.

ื™ืคื” ืฉื™ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืชื•ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื (ื‘ืจ”ืจ ื˜’, ื™”ื) ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”ืจื™ื”ื• ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื ื•ืชืžื™ื ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื‘ืืจ.

“ื•ื™ืจืฅ ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืœืงืจืืชื” ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”ื’ืžื™ืื™ื ื™ ื ื ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื ืžื›ื“ืš” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›”ื“, ื™”ื–). ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืžืื™ ืจื™ืฆืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ื‘ืฉืœืžื ืจื‘ืงื” ื“ื›ืชื™’ ื‘ื” ื•ืชืžื”ืจ ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืชืจืฅ ื•ื›ื•’, ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื—ืกื“, ืื‘ืœ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžื” ื˜ืขื ืจื™ืฆืชื•. ืื›ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื”ื› ื”ืจื™ื”ื• ื‘ืขืกืง ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ืขืฉืื• ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช.

ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืชื•ืืจื• ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืื›ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขื ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื•ื•ื™ืชื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• ื–”ืœ (ื‘ืž”ืจ ื˜”ื–, ื’) “ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืžืฉืชืœื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื ืคืฉื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฆืœื— ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืžืขืœืช ืฉืœื™ื— ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืกืจ ื ืคืฉื• ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื›”ื› ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื”. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืื“ื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืฉื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื (ืค”ื•) ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืœืžืœืื›ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืชื‘ื—ื• ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื• ืฉื ื’ ื‘ื”ื ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง. ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื”ื• ืคืœื, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื ื•ืงื™ื•ืžื ื”ืจื™”ื– ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื, ื•ืœื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืžืœืืš ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘’ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช. ื•ื”ื› ืžื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื”ื ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ืฉื–ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื‘ื ”ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื”ื ืขืฆืœื•ืช ืื• ื›ืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ืชืคืกื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืžื—ืžืช ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืื• ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืื—ืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืื›ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื“ืจื‘ื” ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืืœื ืžืขืœืชื• ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ื”ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืชื. ื•ื”ื› ื ืžืฆื ื“ื“ื•ืงื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืชื ืœืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ืžื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื•ืคื ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื• ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื”ื•ืช ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื’”ื› ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื”ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ืฉืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ื•ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื‘ื–ื” ื ืชืขืœื” ื‘ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื—ื“ื• ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืžืขืฆื ื‘ืจื™ืืชื ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื.

ื•ื‘ื–ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื ืชืขืœื” ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ืœืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืžื• ืจืง ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืคื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืจืง ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•. ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ืœื ืžืคื ื™ ื—ืฉืฉ ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ืจืง ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืฉื” ืœื™ืฆื—ืง, ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•’.

ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ, ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ืžืฆื•ื”, ืฆื“ืงื” ืื• ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื—ืกื“, ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ื ืชืชื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืื•ืจื—ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืขืฉื”. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื“ืจื’ื” ื ืขืœื™ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ืกื“, ืฉื”ืžืขืฉื” ื ืงื™ ื•ื–ืš, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื–”ืœ (ื‘”ื‘ ื™.) ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”, ืฉื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืœืชื• ืžืžื™ืชื” ืžืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืชื ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืžื™ ื ื•ืชื ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืžื™ ื ื•ื˜ืœื”. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืžื ืชืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืžื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืžื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ, ื–ื”ื• ื ืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื”. ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืขืฉื” ืžืฆื•ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ื ืฉื’ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ืžื“ื“ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื ื™ืชืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™.

ื•ืืคืฉืจ, ืฉื‘ื–ืืช ืฉื ืชืขืœื” ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื–ื›ื” ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื›ืœืœ ืืจื•ืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื—ื–”ืœ. ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžื”ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ืœื ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉื ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ืืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืื™ื ื• ืืจื•ืจ ืืœื ื‘ืจื•ืš. ื‘ื›ืš ื–ื›ื” ืข”ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ืชืžื™ื ื•ืฉืœื.

ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข”ื” ื“ื›ืชื™’ “ืขืงื‘ ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืข ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืงื•ืœื™ ื•ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื™” )ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›”ื•, ื”’) ื•ื‘ืจืฉ”ื™ ื•ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจืชื™ ื’ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืจื—ืงื” ืขืœ ื”ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื ื• ืคื™ืจืฉ ื•ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืจืชื™ ืขืฉื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืžืฉืžืจืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžื•ืœ ื—ืกื“, ื›ืืžืจื• ื›ืœ ืืจื—ื•ืช ื”’ ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื›”ื”, ื™’) ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื–ืš ื•ื ืงื™, ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื›ืืžืจื• ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช, ื—ืกื“ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื–ื”ื• ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื™ื•ืกืฃ “ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืขืžื“ื™ ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช” (ืฉื ืž”ื–, ื›”ื˜) ื›ื™ ื—ืกื“ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ืืžืช. ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ืงื ืขื ื”ืžืชื™ื, ืืœื ื›ืœ ื—ืกื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฆืคื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“, ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข”ื”, ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืฉืœื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื•ื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ืœืจืฆื•ื ื• ื™ืช’.

ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื“ืจืฉื• ื–”ืœ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•:) ืขื””ืค ื ืจื“ืคื” ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”’, ืฉืžืฆื•ื” ืœืจื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืžืจืช ืœืžืฆื•ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฆื•ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ืืœื ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื ืชืง ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืชื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ื‘ืžืขืœืช ื”ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช.

ื•ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืžืจ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ “ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”’ ืืœื•ืงื™ ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ืขื–ื‘ ื—ืกื“ื• ื•ืืžืชื• ืžืขื ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืื ื•ื›ื™ ื ื—ื ื™ ื”’ ื‘ื™ืช ืื—ื™ ืื“ื•ื ื™” (ื›”ื“, ื›”ื–) ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื—ื ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”’. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืื“ื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืœ ื›ืžื• ืื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืขื ื‘ื ื• ื”ืงื˜, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื‘ืŸ ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื•ืœืš, ืจืง ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืœืš ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—. ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื–ื›ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื•.

ืื“ื ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืคืงื•ื—ื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื•ื›ื•ืชื™ื• ื™ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื•ืคืจื˜ ืžืชื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืืžื ื ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืœืื” ืงื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืงื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืจื•ืื” ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื•, ื›ืžื” ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืกืœื•ืœื”, ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื• ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืขื•, ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ื›ืœืœ. ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื™ืช’, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ืžืœื‘ื“ ืื—ื™ื–ืชื• ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื• ื™ืช’, ื›ืš ื™ื–ื›ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ืœืš ืขืžื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•, ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื ื—ื ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”’.

ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืื“ื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืฉืื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื• ื”ืฉื™”ืช ื›ืžื• ืื‘ ื”ืžื•ืœื™ืš ืืช ื‘ื ื• ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื“ื• ืชื—ืช ื™ื“ื•. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉื‘ืจื— ืžืจื•ืกื™ื” ืœืคื•ืœื ื™ื”, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื ืกื•ืข ื“ืจืš ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื•ื“ื ืฆื™ื’. ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกื›ื ื” ื‘ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื• ืื“ื ื•ืฉืืœื• ืื ื ื•ืกืข ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื“ื ืฆื™ื’, ื•ืœืงื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืกื™ืขื• ืœื“ื ืฆื™ื’, ื•ืกื™ื“ืจ ืœื• ืื›ืกื ื™ื”, ื•ื’ื ื–ื™ืžืŸ ืœื• ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืขื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœืคื•ืœื ื™ื”. ื•ื”ื•ืคืชืข ืื™ืš ื™ื“ืข ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืขืœ ื™ืขื“ ื ืกื™ืขืชื•, ื•ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืžื ื• ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืขื–ืจืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื“ื–ืžื•”ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืื ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ื—ื ื™ ื”’, ื›ืžื• ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื”ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืื•ืชื•.

ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื“ื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืกืœื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืœื ื™ื“ืจื™ื›ืš ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•. ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื ื”ื•ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงืœื ืžืจื—ืง ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉื” ืง”ืž ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื ืกื•ืข ื›ืœืœ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืขืจืฉ”ืง, ืžื—ืžืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘”ืง. ืื•ืœื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืžื—ืžืช ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืขืจืฉ”ืง ืœื‘ื™ืชื•, ื•ืืžื ื ื™ืฆื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘”ืง, ื•ืืขืค”ื› ื”ื™ื• ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš, ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš, ื•ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืกืžื•ืš ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช. ื•ื”ืจืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ื›ื™ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš, ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™”ืช ืฉื™ืกืข ื‘ืขืจืฉ”ืง, ื•ืœื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืœื ืœื ืกื•ืข ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขืจืฉ”ืง ื›ืœืœ.

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Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant Shlita

The Pillar of Stability

Parashas Chayei Sarah

Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant shlita

The passuk says: ื•ึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื–ึธืงึตืŸ ื‘ึธึผื ื‘ึทึผื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื. The simple meaning of this phrase is that Avraham Avinu was growing old, getting on in years. But the Zohar Hakadosh interprets this phrase to mean that Avraham Avinu โ€œcame with all his daysโ€ โ€” when he reached the end of his life, he brought all his days with him, not losing any of them. This means that he utilized his opportunities, but it means, primarily, that he created a consistency: All his days were a continuum.

In other words, the ability to come with all oneโ€™s days is not merely a sign that the person maximized his potential; it also means that he kept on growing constantly.

What is the secret that enables a person to โ€œcome with all his daysโ€?

In last weekโ€™s parashah, after Sedom is overturned, the Torah says: ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื ืึถืช ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”’. Chazal derive a few insights from this passuk. From the words ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื, the Gemara (Berachos 6b) derives that Avraham Avinu established a makom kavua for his prayer, and teaches that whoever establishes a makom kavua for davening receives Hashemโ€™s assistance: ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคืœืชื• ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื•.

Now, the simple meaning is that Avraham Avinu had a geographical makom kavua where he davened. But thereโ€™s a deeper message here as well, and that is reflected in another teaching of Chazal in connection with this passuk. Chazal link this passuk with the passuk in Tehillim that states: ืžึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ื‘ึฐื”ึทืจ ื”’ ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน. The words ืžึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ื‘ึฐื”ึทืจ ื”’ allude to Avraham at the Akeidah, say Chazal, while the words ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน allude to Avrahamโ€™s holding onto his position and staying there, as the passuk says: ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื.

A person can reach incredible heights, as Avraham did at the Akeidah โ€” thatโ€™s ืžึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ื‘ึฐื”ึทืจ ื”’. In contrast, ึผ ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึนrefers to a person whoโ€™s stable and steady, holding onto his position and staying there. At times, it can be relatively easy to climb the mountain, but itโ€™s a lot harder to stay in that place and hold onto that level. In expounding the words ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื, Chazal praise Avraham for returning to the place where he was the day before. On that day, Avraham davened, but Hashem didnโ€™t accept his tefillos. Yet he got up the next morning and continued from the same place where he had been the previous day.

This would seem to be a pretty simple act on Avrahamโ€™s part: He davened in the same place where he davened the day before. Yet this is the act that Chazal point to as the paradigm of holding on steadily to oneโ€™s spiritual level: ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน.

What Comes First?

Sometimes we think that in order to hold onto oneโ€™s level, a person has to make major, dramatic changes. Yet Chazal are telling us that just davening in the same place that you davened the day before creates stability. Long-term growth and consistency in avodas Hashem is not built on dramatic changes; itโ€™s based on a personโ€™s daily routine, doing the same thing day after day, davening in the same place and the same situation.

Avraham returned to the same place even though he had failed the day before. Thatโ€™s the secret of consistency โ€” not starting each time anew, but taking a position and going with it. Sometimes it works, and sometimes it doesnโ€™t. Sometimes the tefillah is heard, and sometimes itโ€™s not. The secret of ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื sheds light on Chazalโ€™s other statement that whoever establishes a makom kavua for davening receives Hashemโ€™s assistance. Chazal donโ€™t just mean an actual geographic location where a person sits each time he davens; they are referring to a person who has successfully created a consistency, and isnโ€™t jumpy, doing things one day like this and one day like that.

A third teaching that Chazal derive from these words is that Avraham instituted the tefillah of Shacharis. Amidah is a lashon of prayer, so the words ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื indicate that Avraham davened. Yitzchak, we know, instituted Minchah, as the passuk in this weekโ€™s parashah says, ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฆึตื ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืœึธืฉื‚ื•ึผื—ึท ื‘ึทึผืฉึธึผื‚ื“ึถื”, while Yaakov instituted Maariv: ื•ึทื™ึดึผืคึฐื’ึทึผืข ื‘ึทึผืžึธึผืงื•ึนื.

The Sfas Emes notes that these tefillos parallel the attributes of each of the Avos. Avrahamโ€™s middah was ahavah; Hashem referred to him ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึนื”ึฒื‘ึดื™, as we read in last weekโ€™s haftarah. Yitzchakโ€™s middah was yirah โ€” Pachad Yitzchak, and Yaakovโ€™s middah was emes. The Sfas Emes explains that the reason Yaakov instituted Maariv, specifically, is that emes โ€” which is ื•ื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื™ื โ€” implies the creation of something lasting. Yaakov Avinuโ€™s tefillah is at the end of the day, when a person wraps up his avodah, so that he can perpetuate and hold onto whatever he achieved during the day.

Yitzchakโ€™s tefillah, Minchah, is said during the day. The words ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฆึตื ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ืœึธืฉื‚ื•ึผื—ึท ื‘ึทึผืฉึธึผื‚ื“ึถื” implies that heโ€™s out in the field, doing his everyday tasks. For that you need yirah; ahavah doesnโ€™t work when youโ€™re out on the street.

But Avraham Avinu is ahavah. The Sfas Emes explains that ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ means that before he did anything else, he davened to Hakadosh Baruch Hu. Thatโ€™s ahavah: putting the loved one before all other activities. When Avraham Avinu got up early in the morning and davened, he showed his ahavah for Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

The power of Shacharis, in all generations, is putting Hakadosh Baruch Hu before all other interests. Thatโ€™s run by the engine of ahavah.

Regarding the words (Yeshayah 41:8): ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึนื”ึฒื‘ึดื™, Rashi comments that Avraham Avinu is called ohavi because he had no one to teach him; he came to know Hashem through his love for Him. No one gave him tochachah; he had no rebbi or father to teach him. What powered him was the engine of ahavah, and that ahavas Hashem brought him to recognize Hashem.

We generally think it was the other way around โ€” Avraham recognized Hashem, and that brought him to ahavah. But Rashi is telling us the opposite: Avrahamโ€™s love for Hakadosh Baruch Hu, after seeing Him in the briah, propelled him to an immense love for Him, and that led him to all his intellectual attainments. This idea is reflected in the words ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื‘ึทึผื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ.

So we have three derashos on this passuk: establishing a makom kavua for davening, Avraham returning to his place of the previous day โ€” ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน, and his instituting Shacharis with an act of ahavah, ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื, prioritizing Hakadosh Baruch Hu before anything else.

And that ahavah explains the consistency of Avraham Avinu.

The more we develop our ahavas Hashem, and the more we look at the briah and see the chessed that Hakadosh Baruch Hu has done for us, the more we can create the ื•ึทื™ึทึผืฉึฐืื›ึตึผื, the to place the Eibishter before anything else. And thatโ€™s the engine that creates the ื•ึผืžึดื™ ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื‘ึดึผืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน and theืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคืœืชื• . The consistency of the relationship is a derivative of the ahavah that a person awakens in himself for Hakadosh Baruch Hu.

This is what it means that Avraham Avinu was ื‘ึธึผื ื‘ึทึผื™ึธึผืžึดื™ื, he came with all his days. He was a pillar of consistency, stability, and continuity: ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึธึผืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึธืžึทื“ ืฉึธืื. And he was a pillar of ahavah.

Gut Shabbos.

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