BeshalachShmos

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Refoel Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื”ึดื ึฐื ึดึจื™ ืžึทืžึฐื˜ึดึฅื™ืจ ืœึธื›ึถึ›ื ืœึถึ–ื—ึถื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึธึผืืžึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื•ึฐื™ึธืฆึธึจื ื”ึธืขึธึคื ื•ึฐืœึธึฝืงึฐื˜ื•ึผึ™ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึทืจ ื™ึฃื•ึนื ื‘ึฐึผื™ื•ึนืžึ”ื•ึน ืœึฐืžึทึงืขึทืŸ ืึฒื ึทืกึถึผึ›ื ึผื•ึผ ื”ึฒื™ึตืœึตึฅืšึฐ ื‘ึฐึผืชื•ึนืจึธืชึดึ–ื™ ืึดื ืœึนึฝื (ื˜ื–,ื“)
ืจืฉ”ื™: ืื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ืชื™ืจื• ืžืžื ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœืœืงื•ื˜.

ืฆ”ื‘: ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื “ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื” โ€“ ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืื ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ื™”ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—,ื˜ื–) ื ืืžืจ “ื”ืžืื›ื™ืœืš ืžืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ืš ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš” โ€“ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ? ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฆ”ื‘: ืื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื “ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ “ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™” ื•ื›ืŸ “ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื•” ื•ืœืžื” ื ืืžืจ “ืื ืœื”?

ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ (ืฉืขืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ): ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ืขืœ ื™ืจืื™ื• ื‘ืงืฆืช ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ืฉื›ืจื ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžื›ื•ืคืœ. ื•ืœืžื” ืžื ืกื” ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ืœื ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ื• ื™ืช’ ืื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืžื ื•ืกื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื˜ื•ืจื— ื–ื”, ืืข”ืค ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื— ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืžื–ื›ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืœืžืขืฉื””. ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ืœืื“ื ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.

ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆ”ื‘ย  ืœืžื” ื ืืžืจ “ืื ืœื”.

ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™: “ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื’ื•ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฆื•ื ื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืชืขืœื•ืžื•ืช ืœื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื™ื›ื™ืจื• ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื’ื•ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืื• ืžืขื ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื•ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘, ื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื” ื•ื›ื•’.

ืœืคื™”ื– ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืื””ื› “ืื ืœื”, ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื•. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืก’: “ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš” โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•”ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื” โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ.

ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Refoel Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”
ื ืœื‘”ืข ื˜’ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืข”ื•
ย 

ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืงื•ื ื” ืขื•ืœืžื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช

ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื””ื’ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ืฉืœื™ื˜”ื, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”:

ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื›ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ืื™ืจืข ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืคื’ืข ื‘ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืคืจื”ืกื™ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืคื’ื•ืข ื•ืžื•ืฉืคืœ.

ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจืชื™ ืœืื‘ื ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื•ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื ืงืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ืžื ื” ืื—ืช ืืคื™ื™ื.

ืื‘ื ืขื ื” ืœื™ ื›ืš: ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืš ืœื ืงื•ื ื‘ื•, ื–ื”ื• ืฆืขืจ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจื™ืชื—ื. ืื‘ืœ ืชื“ืข ืœืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืœื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ื. ื›ืืŸ ืื‘ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ืžื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืคื ื™, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ื™: “ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืฉืขื™ื•, ืื ืชืชื’ื‘ืจ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื™ื” ืฉืื•ืจื›ืช ืฉื ื™ื”.

ืื‘ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื”ื•. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืจื˜, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ืื‘ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืขื ืื“ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืคื’ืข ื‘ื• ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื‘ื. ืืš ืื‘ื ืžืฆื“ื• ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ืื‘ื ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืฆืœ ืืžื™ ืฉืชื‘ืœื—ื˜”ื, ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืœืชื“ื”ืžืชื™ ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืื‘ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืœื” ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”…

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ื‘ืฉืœื—

ื–ื” ืงืœื™ ื•ืื ื•ื”ื•

ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฉืจื˜ื•ื˜ ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘, ื•ื ื—ืœืงื• ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื ืจืื”. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž”ื ืกื™’ ืœ”ื‘ ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื™ืคื•ืชืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ”ื ื•ื–”ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืงืœ”ื’ ื‘’ ื•ื›”ืฉ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื›ืŸ, ืžืจื“ื›ื™. (ืœื›ื’ ื ืจืื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ืžื’”ื, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ื›ืœืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืขื™ืœ, ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœื™ื” ืœื”ื’ืจ”ื ื“ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•). ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ื•ืข’ ื™ื•ืžื ืข”ื‘ ื‘’ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื•ื›ื•’. ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ืก’ ืœ”ื‘ ื‘’ ื“”ื” ื”ื ื•ืื•ืจ”ืช ื“ืก”ืช ื›ื•’ ื•ื›”ื› ืจืžื‘”ื ืขื›”ืœ.

ื•ื‘ื’ืจ”ื ืกื™’ ืงืž”ื– ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืจืื™ื” ื›ืž”ืฉ ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื’ ื•’ ื›”ื) ื•ื™ืฆืฃ ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื” ื•ื›ื•’. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืก’ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื“ืžืฉื ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื ืจืื”. ืžื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืก’ ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื™’ ืœ”ื‘ ืžื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืœื ื ืจืื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ืž”ืž ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื–ื”ื‘.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืก’ ืขืค”ื™ ืจืžื‘”ืย  ืค”ื ืžื‘ื””ื‘ ื”ื™”ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ื›ืคื™ ื›ื— ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœืจื•ืžื ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื ื•, ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืคืืจ ืื•ืชื• ื’”ื›, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืคืกื•ืง ืœืจื•ืžื ื‘ื™ืช ื”’, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื–ื” ืงืœื™ ื•ืื ื•ื”ื•, ื•ื›”ื› ืฉื ื‘ืงืจื™ืช ืกืคืจ. ื•ืœืคื™”ื– ื™”ืœ ื“ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื ืจืื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ืืจื•ืŸ.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืชื•ืก’ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื”. ื•ื ืจืื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ืœื ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืก’ ืžืฆื™ืฆื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื“ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ื“ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืชื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืจืง ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืคื™ ืžื—ืœืง ืชื•ืก’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืœืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื”.

ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื” ื ื—ืœืงื• ืชื•ืก’ ื•ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืื™ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ. ื•ืœื›ื’ ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ื ื” ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื“ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื“ืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื’ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืืœื ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื•ืฆ”ื‘ ืืžืื™. ื•ื”ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืžื–ื” ื“ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœื™ื” ื“ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืคื•ื™ ืืœื ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืž”ืž ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื“ืจ ื•ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ื”ืœื ื”’ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืจื•ืื” ื”ื›ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ืก’ ืกื‘ืจ ื“ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื—ื“ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ืฆื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื• ืื’ื“ ืœื•ืœื‘,ย  ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ืคื” ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ืžืฆื•ื” ืœื›ืŸ ืื ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืืœื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื”. ื•ื ืžืฆื ืœืชื•ืก’ ื“ื™ืŸ ืก”ืช ื ืื” ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉื”ื—ืคืฆื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืื” ืืœื ืฉืข”ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืก”ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืชื•ืœื” ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืื• ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื”.

ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Refoel Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื”ื ื ื™ ืžืžื˜ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื—ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•’ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜”ื– ื“’). ื•ืคื™’ ืจืฉ”ื™ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™, ืื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ืชื™ืจื• ืžืžื ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœืœืงื•ื˜ ืข”ื›.

ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืœื ืคืช ืœื—ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื—ืจ, ื•ื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืœืžื—ืจ ื›ืœื•ื, ืืœื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉื™ื•ืจื™ื“ ืœื”ื ืœื—ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื•.

ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื•ื™ืงืฆื•ืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉื” (ืฉื ื›’) ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ืคืœื ื•ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ื™, ื›ื™ ื”ืžื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ื–ืจื•ืขื” ื•ืžื•ื ื— ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“, ื•ื”ืžื” ืœื ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ื•ืŸ ืจืง ื”ื ืฆืจืš ืœืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื, ื•ื–ื” ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื• ื•ื™ืจื•ื ืชื•ืœืขื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืืฉ, ื•ื”ื› ื”ื•ื ืœืœื ืชืขืœื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ื• ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืœื ื™ืจื•ื ืชื•ืœืขื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืืฉ, ื•ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืœื›ืš ืงืฆืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉื”. ืข”ื›.
ื•ืขื™’ ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ืจืฉ”ื™ ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื™ืจืื• ืœื”ื ืขืฆื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื”ืžืŸ, ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื•ืœื ืฉืžืขื• ืžืื‘ื•ืชื, ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื• ื•ื™ืจืขื‘ื• ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืฉืžืขื• ืœืœื›ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื ืœื ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื. ื•ื›ื›ื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืขื•ื“ (ืฉื ื‘) ื•ื–ื›ืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืœื™ื›ืš ื”’ ืืœื”ื™ืš ื–ื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืขืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืฉ ืฉืจืฃ ื•ืขืงืจื‘ (ืฉื ื˜ื•), ื•ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืœื—ื ืจืง ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื•, ืœื ืกื•ืชื ื•ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืฉื™ืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื• ืœืขื•ืœื.
ื•ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืค”ื› ื™”ื–) “ื›ื™ ืœื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืกื•ืช ืืชื›ื ื‘ื ื”ืืœืงื™ื”, ื•ืคื™’ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ: ื•ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉ, ื™ืืžืจ, ื”ื ื” ืจืฆื” ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืชื›ื ื”ืชืฉืžืจื• ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืœื‘ื›ื ื›ืœ ืกืคืง, ื•ืžืขืชื” ื™ืจืื” ื”ื™ืฉื›ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื•ืื ืชื—ืคืฆื• ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”, ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืกื™ืชื™ (ืฉ”ื ื™ื– ืœื˜), ืœื ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ื ืคืฉื™ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ื. ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ืคืขื ื™ื ืกื” ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื™ืกื‘ืœื ื” ืœืื”ื‘ืชื•, ื•ืคืขื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื• ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื™ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืขืžื• ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืื“ื•ื ื™ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื›ื ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืชื›ื ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ืืฉืจ ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™, ืœื ืกื•ืชื›ื ืื ืชื’ืžืœื• ืœืคื ื™ื• ื›ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืขืžื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืœืขื ื ื—ืœื”, ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืœื”’ ืชื’ืžืœื• ื–ืืช (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ ื•).
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื“ืข ืื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื• ืื• ืœื, [ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—’ ื‘’) ื•ื–ื›ืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืœื™ื›ืš ื”’ ืืœื”ื™ืš ื–ื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื]. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงืจื ืื—ืจ ื ืืžืจ: (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—’ ื˜”ื–) ื”ืžืื›ื™ืœืš ืžืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ืš ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื ืข”ื™ ืฉื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืค”ื– ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ “ืื ืœื”, ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื•.
ื‘. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืžื”ื•, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืข”ื– ื ืืžืจ “ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš”, ืฉืข”ื™ ืขืžื™ื“ืช ืื“ื ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœื•, ื•ื›”ื› ื‘ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ: “ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ืขืœ ื™ืจืื™ื• ื‘ืงืฆืช ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ืขืฉื• ืื•ืชื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ื•ืจื—, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ืฉื›ืจื ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžื›ื•ืคืœ. ื•ืœืžื” ืžื ืกื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ืœื ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืžื ื•ืกื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื˜ื•ืจื— ื–ื”, ืืข”ืค ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื— ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืžื–ื›ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืœืžืขืฉื””. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคื›”ื‘ ื) “ื•ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื”, ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืื“ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื•ืื ืœื ื™ืจืฆื” ืœื ื™ืขืฉื”, ื™ืงืจื “ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ” ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžื ื•ืกื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื ืกื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื™ืฆื•ื” ื‘ื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืœื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“..

ื•ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื ืกื”ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ืื›ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜”ื– ื“’), ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื• ืื• ืœื, ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื•ืœืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ.

ื’. ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืคืชืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™, ื“ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืขืงื™ื“ื” “ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืชื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›”ื‘ ื™”ื‘), ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื•. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜”ื– ื“’ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื’ื•ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฆื•ื ื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืชืขืœื•ืžื•ืช ืœื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืžืชื ืกื” ื‘ื”ื ืชืชืคืจืกื ืœื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ืืžื•ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ ื•ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื™ืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ื›ื™ืจื• ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื’ื•ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืื• ืžืขื ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืขื•ื””ื– ื•ื‘ืขื•ื””ื‘ ื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื•’, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืฉ”ื™ (ืฉื) ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืชื”, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื›ืœ ืžืขืชื” ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืชื”, ื•ืจ”ืœ ืฉืžืคืจืฉ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ืžื• ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื™, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืจืฉื‘”ื ืฉื. [ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคื™”ื ื˜”ื• ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืชื”, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจ”ืง ืชื—ืช ื”ื™ื•”ื“ ื•ื”ื“ืœ”ืช ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ, ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ืœื—) ื™ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•, ื•ื‘ืื•ืจื• ืขืชื” ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืฉืฆื•ื™ืชื™ืš ื•ืขืžื“ืช ืขืœื™ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืชื”].

ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื‘ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจื‘ืชื™ ืคืจืฉื” ืž’, “ืืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืื ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ื•, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžื ืกื” ืื•ืชื™, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ (ืจื—ื•ื) ืœืš ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ื—ื˜ื•, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื•’, ืืžืจ ืœื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื™ ื›ืš, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื—ื ื ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ืš ืžื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืชื””.

ื•ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื ืกื ื• ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื , ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ, ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื•, ื•ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืื ืœื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืข”ื™ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, “ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื’ื•ืžืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฆื•ื ื•”. ื•ื›”ื› ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—’ ื’ ื•ืž”ืฉ ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื•ืชืš ืœื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื’ื•’ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžืช ื ืก ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืกื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืš ื”’ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื“ ื–) ื›ืืœื• ื”ื•ืฉื ืœื‘ื‘ืš ืขืœ ื ืก ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืคืชื— ืขื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื›ืš ืจืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืช ื›ืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื• ืœื. ื›ื™ ืžืž”ื  ืื ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื™ืชืŸ ื”’ ืœืš ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืžืงื•ื ืœืœื•ืŸ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžื” ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื•ืขืฉื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื™ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ ื’ื•ื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื”ื ื›ื™ ื”ืœื›ื• ืื—ืจื™ ื”’ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ื–ืจื•ืขื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืš ืื ื—”ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืœื— ื”’ ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื”ืžืืจื” ื™ืืžืจื• ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื”’ ื›ื›ื” ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœืžื™ื ืขื ื”’ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื ืกื•ืชืš. ื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืขื“ ืข”ื– ืž”ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื• ืื ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื• ืœื. ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื’ื ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื ืขื ืฉ.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืžืชื‘ืืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื“ืœืขื™ืœ, ื“ืื›ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื—ื“ ืœื’ื“ืœ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืœื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื— ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืžื–ื›ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืœืžืขืฉื””. ื•ื”ืื—ืจืช ืœืคืจืกื ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืขื•ื ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืข”ื– ื ืืžืจ “ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ “ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื.

ื“. ื•ื‘ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืœ”ื ื›”ื ืคื™’ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืขืงื™ื“ื” “ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™” ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ืขื™”ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืชื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื—”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“”ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืขืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.

ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, “ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื”, ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื•ืœืค”ื– ื ืจืื” ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ “ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืกื•ืชืš ืœื“ืขืช”, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืืข”ืค ื“ื”ื›ืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื“ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื— ืžื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, [ื•ื”ืจื™ ื ืืžืจ “ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”, ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืขืžื• ืœืคื™ ืžืฆื‘ื• ื›ืขืช, ื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช].

ื•ืœืค”ื– ืžืชื‘ืืจ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ “ืื ืœื”, ื“ืืข”ื’ ืฉื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื•, ืž”ืž ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ,

ื•ื ืžืฆื ื“ืืฃ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืœื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื—ื“ ืœื’ื“ืœ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ืš ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืชืš, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืœื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื› ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื— ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื ื™ื”, ืฉืชื”ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื”ื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ืข”ื– ื ืืžืจ “ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืื ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ “ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื.

ื”. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืขื™’ ื“ื›”ื– ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื ืืžืจ “ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืชื””, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืœื‘ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืฉืข”ื™ ื”ื™ืจืื” ื”ื•ื ืขืžื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืงื™ื“ื”, ื•ื”ืฉื™”ืช ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ . ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ “ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื”, ื”ืจื™ ื ืืžืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘ื•, ื•ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื•ืœืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื›ืš

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืข”ืค ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืฆื•ื” ื˜”ื– ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื, ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื ืคืขืœ ื›ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืœื‘ื• ื•ื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื”ื, ืื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืื ืจืข, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืฉืข ื’ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื• ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฆืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื• ืจืง ืจืข ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ื™ืขืจื” ืจื•ื—ื• ื•ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืชื• ื•ืขืกืงื• ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืœื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ืžื™ื“ ื™ื ื˜ื” ืืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื‘ื›ื— ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช.

ื•ืœืค”ื– ื™”ืœ ื“ืื›ืŸ ื”ื›ื— ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืข”ื™ ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ืขืฆื ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืคื™ืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื“ืช ื”ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืœื‘ื•, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš, ืฉืข”ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชืขืœื” ื”ืื“ื ื’ื ื‘ืœื‘ื•.

ื•ื›”ื” ื‘ื”ืขืžืง ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคื›”ื‘ ื’ ื•ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื“ืืข”ื’ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”’ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžื” ืœื• ืœื”’ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื›ืœ ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœืช ื™ื“ื™ืข’ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืืฉืจ ืฉื’ื‘ื” ืžื“ืขืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ื• ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื”ื• ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”’ ืžื“ืจื›ื™ื ื• ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืžืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•. ื‘ื›”ื– ืœืคื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืœื—ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ. ืืœื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ื“ืื™’ ื‘ืจื‘ื” ืข”ื– ื ืกื” ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืชืช ืœื™ืจืื™ืš ื ืก ืœื”ืชื ื•ืกืก ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืชื’ื‘ื™ื”ื• ืขืœ ื ืก. ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ื›ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื”ืขืœื”ื• ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื•ืืจ. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉื™ืœื• ื—ื–”ืœ ื‘ื‘”ืจ ื›”ืค ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืžืฉืœื™ื. ื’ ื‘ืงื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ืงื•ื ื” ืžื ืงืฉ ืขืœ ืงื“ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืจืขื•ืขื”. ื‘’ ืขืœ ืคืฉืชืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืžื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื‘ื™ื— ืžืฉื”ื› ืคืฉืชืŸ ืจืข. ื’’ ืขืœ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืฉืื•ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืฉื” ืžืฉืœื™ื. ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ืฉืœืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช. ืคืขื ื‘ื ื›ืžืฉืœ ืงื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื ื”ื ืงื™ืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื“ื™ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื— ื‘ื–ื”. ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื–ืง ื”ืงื“ื™ืจื”. ื•ืคืขื ื‘ื ื›ืžืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉืชืŸ ื“ืœื ื‘ื ื”ื ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ื—ื•. ื•ืคืขื ื‘ื ื›ืžืฉืœ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื‘ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ื— ืืœื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉื ื•ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื—ืžื•ืจื• ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื•. ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืœื™ื• ืื—”ื› ื‘ืžื–ื•ื ื•. ื›ืš ืคืขื ื‘ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื— ืฆื“ืงืช ื”ืื“ื. ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”. ืคืขื ื‘ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืฆื˜ื“ืง. ื“ืืข”ื’ ืฉื‘ื›ื— ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ื ื— ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืž”ืž ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื‘ื ืžืขืฉื” ืœื™ื“ื• ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื ืฉืจืฉ ื–ื” ื”ื›ื— ืืฆืœื• ืข”ื› ืžื‘ื™ืื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื–ืง ื•ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื›ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืžืฉืจื™ืฉ ื–ื” ื”ื›ื— ื‘ืงืจื‘ื•. ื•ืคืขื ื‘ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจ. ื•ืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืžืฉื ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื—”ื› ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจื• ืžืฉืœื. ืžืขืชื” ืžืœืžื“ื ื• ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืคืจืฉื• ื–ื• ืฉืœื ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื“ื–ื” ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื›ืžืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ื› ืœื ื ืชืขืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื–ื”, ืœื ื›ืŸ ืืœื ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื›ื— ื ืคืฉื• ื”ืง’ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืชืช ืœื™ืจืื™ืš ื ืก ืœื”ืชื ื•ืกืก, ื•ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืจืฉ ื–ื” ื”ื›ื— ื‘ื ืคืฉ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื ืฉืืจื” ืคืขื•ืœื”. ืข”ื› ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•.

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Harav Hagaon Yaakov Moshe Katz Shlita

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Parshas Beshalach

Harav Hagaon Yaakov Moshe Katz Shlita

The Nefesh HaChaim (1:9) teaches a fundamental lesson in avodas Hashem that enables us to merit siyatta dโ€™Shmaya, based on the passuk: ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ื”’ ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ืžึทื” ืชึดึผืฆึฐืขึทืง ืึตืœึธื™ ื“ึทึผื‘ึตึผืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื™ึดืกึธึผืขื•ึผ. Hashem told Moshe to tell Klal Yisrael to travel ahead, and Chazal ask: Why didnโ€™t they swim in the sea? There were plenty of people who knew how to swim! They explain that Hashem made high tidal waves, so they couldnโ€™t swim.

Why didnโ€™t they run away from the Mitzriyim? To their right and their left were wild animals that Hashem surrounded them with.

They couldnโ€™t turn around and run, because the Mitzriyim were behind them.

They were trapped from all sides, with nowhere to go.

So many times in life we feel caught in a similar situation. Where can we go? This situation is especially common in a generation of Ikvesa Dโ€™Meshicha , when there are so many nisyonos surrounding us all the time. How do you get out of these nisyonos? Hashem said: ื“ึทึผื‘ึตึผืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื™ึดืกึธึผืขื•ึผ. The Nefesh HaChaim cites Chazalโ€™s statement that in the zechus of the emunah they displayed in listening to Hashem and continuing into the sea, Hashem split the Yam Suf. Similarly, with emunah and bitachon we can rise above all the nisyonos that we face.

Hashem is Your Shadow

The Nefesh HaChaim (7) explains this idea with the passuk in Tehillim that states: ื”’ ืฆึดืœึฐึผืšึธ ืขึทืœ ื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐืžึดื™ื ึถืšึธ, Hashem acts with you like a shadow. The way you look at Hashem, thatโ€™s how He deals with you. He adds that this concept is also reflected in the Name Hashem uses in Parshas Shemos: ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื” โ€”ย  when youโ€™re with Me, Iโ€™m with you.

The Yidden were at the forty-ninth level of tumah, as the malachim said, โ€œThese are idol worshippers and these are idol worshippersโ€ โ€” why are the Mitzriyim dying at the sea and the Yidden being saved? But the zechus of our emunah in Hashem was mekadesh and meromem us, lifting us to great heights.

The Meshech Chochmah says that when we have strong emunah in Hashem, that brings us to dveikus with Him and elevates us. Krias Yam Suf was the culmination of Yetzias Mitzrayim. But it wasnโ€™t only at Krias Yam Suf that we saw the power of emunah. In last weekโ€™s parshah the Torah describes how Bnei Yisrael went out to the desert without preparing provisions, because Hashem told them to go. In the desert there are no supermarkets or restaurants, so what would they eat for supper? What would they eat for lunch? But they believed in Hashem, so they went. Hashem describes this with the words: ื–ึธื›ึทืจึฐืชึดึผื™ ืœึธืšึฐ ื—ึถืกึถื“ ื ึฐืขื•ึผืจึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืึทื”ึฒื‘ึทืช ื›ึฐึผืœื•ึผืœึนืชึธื™ึดืšึฐ ืœึถื›ึฐืชึตึผืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฒืจึทื™ ื‘ึทึผืžึดึผื“ึฐื‘ึธึผืจ (Yirmiyahu 2:2). When do we mention this passuk, which lauds the gadlus of Klal Yisrael, in Zichronos on Rosh Hashanah. When we need zechusim, we highlight this zechus of our emunah and bitachon. Thatโ€™s the greatest zechus of Klal Yisrael, and that causes Hashem to be our shadow:, showering us with so much berachah. Indeed, we see in this weekโ€™s parshah that Bnei Yisrael were zocheh to the ananei hakavod that surrounded them. Because they went after Hashem, Hashem protected them. They were also zocheh to the beโ€™er, and to the mann, which could taste like any taste in the world; taam Gan Eden. Tremendous nissim!

And this is a message lโ€™doros. Rashi notes later on that the tzintzenes of mann was placed in the Kodesh HaKodashim, as an answer for when the Yidden would question, โ€œHow are we going to have parnassah?โ€

There are so many nisyonos in parnassah, whether itโ€™s to keep the Torah โ€” not to steal, not to stoop to scams and shady deals โ€” or whether itโ€™s finding the time to learn. We need to support our families, so how do we make time for learning?

Well, some people devote their lives to Torah learning, even though itโ€™s not easy, but there are plenty of nisyonos for baalebatim as well.

How are we zocheh to the mann? In the zechus of emunah and bitachon, the ืœึถื›ึฐืชึตึผืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฒืจึทื™ ื‘ึทึผืžึดึผื“ึฐื‘ึธึผืจ of following the ways of Hashem, learning and keeping Torah and mitzvos. When we do that, we know the mann will be there for us. Hashem will be there to care for us and provide us with parnassah.

All in the Zechus of Emunah and Bitachon

So Parshas Beshalach actually contains a deep message for all of us in this galus. How can we be zocheh to parnassah? Through ืœึถื›ึฐืชึตึผืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฒืจึทื™ ื‘ึทึผืžึดึผื“ึฐื‘ึธึผืจ โ€”ย  keeping Torah and mitzvos, and staying far away from sheker, from gezel, from anything dishonest. We have to believe in Hashem and know that parnassah is from Him.

What about protection from the world around us? How are we zocheh to that? ื”’ ืฆึดืœึฐึผืšึธ ืขึทืœ ื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐืžึดื™ื ึถืšึธ. We place our emunah and bitachon in Hashem, and He is our shadow.

How do we overcome all of the nisyonos we face? Here, too, we have to have emunah and bitachon thatื”ื‘ื ืœื˜ื”ืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ย โ€” Hashem will help us to get there. Just have emunah and bitachon, and take that step into the sea, being misโ€™chazeik in whatever area you need to strengthen. Make a kabbalah, ensuring that youโ€™re heading in a good direction and trying to grow, each person according to who he is and what he needs to work on, and believe that Hashem is going to make your kabbalah work and you are growing to grow tremendously. Talking to Hashem and thinking about Him is the greatest pathway to dveikus, as it connects you and elevates you and sanctifies you.

Weโ€™re living in a time when weโ€™re seeing โ€” and itโ€™s so important to notice it โ€”ย  a great wave of teshuvah, and not only among people distant from Torah. We hear of so many different learning programs for baalebatim, for instance, whether itโ€™s Daf Yomi initiatives, or learning bโ€™iyun โ€” itโ€™s amazing to see how many more people are learning Torah and mussar. These beautiful movements are drawing thousands, and tens of thousands, of people, many of whom are learning about emunah and bitachon. This demonstrates Klal Yisraelโ€™s thirst for growth, which is so beautiful.

I just met a bachur in the shiur whose father helps people in America, bachurim and baalebatim, to wean themselves from the dangers of smartphones. Working and speaking with these people, he says that the amount of change he sees is unbelievable, in all areas of life. Weโ€™re getting close to the time of the geulah, and thatโ€™s why the nisyonos are so strong. The yetzer hara is mounting his final battle, so letโ€™s hold strong, together, and keep our emunah and bitachon in Hashem, so that we should all be zocheh to the splitting of the sea, as we grow and advance, in both ruchniyus and gashmiyus. Hashem should send us the mann, the beโ€™er mayim all the parnassah that we need, and the ananei hakavod to protect us, and we should all be zocheh together to the geulah sheleimah bโ€™karov, amen!

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