ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Levinshtein, Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel ztโl
ืข”ื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขืื ื ืงืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืขื ืฉืื
ืื ืืืืงืืชื ืชืืื (ืื, ื)
ืื ืืืืงืชื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฆืืชื ืชืฉืืจื ืืขืฉืืชื ืืืชื (ืื,ื)
ืจืฉ”ื: ืืืื ืื ืงืืื ืืืฆืืืช, ืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ‘ืืืช ืืฆืืืชื ืชืฉืืจื’ ืืจื ืงืืื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืจ, ืื ืื ืื ื ืืงืืื, ืฉืชืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื ืข”ื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืงืืื.
ืืืืจืฉ: ื”ืจ ืืื ื”ืจ ืื ืื ื ืื ืฉืืจืชื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืจืื ื ืืขืื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืชื ืขืฉืืชื ืืืชื, ืืื’ ื”ืจ ืื ืื ื ืืจ ืคืคื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืชื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืจืื ื ืืขืื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืขืฉืืชื ืขืฆืืื (ืืืง”ืจ ืื,ื).
ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืืจืฉ ืืืืชื ื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืงืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืช ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืจื.
ืืืืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ืืชืื “ืืื ืื ืชืฉืืขื ืื ืืื ืชืขืฉื ืืช ืื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืื”, ืคืืจืฉ”ื: ืืื ืชืฉืืขื ืื ืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื. ืืจื ืฉืืกืื ืืจืข ืืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืกืจ ืืขืืืืช ืืชืืจื. ืจืง ืื”ื ืืืืขืื ื”ืืืืืชื ืขืื ืืงืจื” ืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืฉืืชืืจื.
ืืืืืช ืืจ”ื (ืื,ื): ืจ”ืฉ ืืืืจ ืืื’ ืืชืจ ืืืื ื ืืื’ ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืื, ืืชืจ ืืืืืช ืืื’ ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืื’, ืืื ืืชืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ื ืื, ืขืืื ืฉื ืชืืจื ืื ืืจืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื’ ืขืืื ืื”ืช ืืื ืชืชืขืกืง ืืืืจื ืืืื.
ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ‘ืืชืจ ืชืจื’ ืืื ืขืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืื. ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืจื ื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืืื, ื”ื ืืืฉืจ ืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืข ืื ืืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื’ ื ืืฆืืืช ืื.
ืืขื ืืืืจ, ืื ืขืืงืจ ืกืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืจืืงื ืืช ืฉืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืืขืื”ื. ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืชืืจื, ืืจื ืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืฆืื ืืจืืื ื ืืืื ื ืฉืืืฃ ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืช ืืช ืืฆืื.
ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ื
ืจืฉ”ื: ืฉืชืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื.
ืืฉืืื ืฉืืกืจ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืจืคืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ืย ืืืื ืืช ืืืจื ืืื’ (ืข”ื ืืฃ ื”ื ืข”ื) ืืืจ ืจืื ืืชืืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืงื”ื ืืืืกืืฃ ื ืงืจืืช ืขื ืฉืื, ืฉื ืืืจ (ืชืืืื ื, ื) ืืชืืจืช ื’ ืืคืฆื ืืืชืืจืชื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืคืืจืฉ”ื ืืชืืืื (ืฉื) ืืชื “ืืืฉืขืื ืื ืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืชืืจืชื”, ืืืื ื ืื ืคืืจืฉ ืื ื ืจืฉ”ื ืืื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืขืืืืช ืื ืืฉืจ ืขื ืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืชืืจืชื.
ืืืืืจ, ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืง, ืืฃ ืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืชืืจืชื ืืืื “ืืืื ืืืืื”, ืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืื ืขืืืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืื ื ืืข”ื (ืฉื) ืืฆืื ื ืขืื ืืืืจื ืฉื ืจืื ืขื ืคืกืืง ืื, “ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืืื”ื ืืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืืชืืจืช ื’ ืืืืจ ืืืชืืจืชื ืืืื”, ืืคืืจืฉ ืจืฉ”ื “ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืื, ืขื ืฉืชืื ืืืจืกืช ืืชืืืื ืืคืืจืืฉื ืฉืืืจื ืื ืืคืื, ืืื”ื ืืืื, ืืขืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืงืฉืืช ืืืชืจืฅ ืืื’, ืืืืจ ืฉืฉื ื ืืจืื ืืื ืืชืืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืชืจืฅ ืืขืฆืื ืืืจ ืืงืฉื”.
ืืืืืืจ, ืืืื ืื ืกืื ืฉืชืืงืจื ืขื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื “ืฉืชืื ืืืจืกืช ืืชืืืื ืืคืืจืืฉื ืฉืืืจื ืื ืืคืื”, ืืื ืจืง ืื “ืืืื” ืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ื ืฉืืขืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืงืฉืืช ืืืชืจืฅ, ืจืง ืื ืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืขื ืฉืื.
(ืืืงืืื ืืืื ืืืืกืจ)
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Ezrachi, Moreinu Hagaon Harav Yitzchok Shlita
ืฉืชืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื
ืกืืคืจ ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืจืย ืืฆืืง ืืืจืื ืฉืืื”ื: ืืืืืชื ืืื”ื ืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืคืืฉืชื ืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืขืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืจ.
ืืืื ืชื ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืคืกืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืืืื, ืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืืื. ืฉืืืชื ืืืชื ืื ืืจื ืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืคืกืง?
ืืื ืขื ื ืื ืื: ืื ื ืืกืคืจ ืื, ืืืฉืจ ืืืชื ืืืชืงืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืจ, ื ืื ืกืชื ืืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืืย ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ื. ืืจื ืจื”ื ืฉืื ืืืชื: ืืืืื ืืชื? ืขื ืืชื ืื: ืืืืกืืจืื. ืืืจ ืื ืจื”ื: ืืืืกืืจืื ืื ืืื ืื ืชืืืืืื, ืชืื ืก ืืืฉืืื.
ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืื ืกืชื ืืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื”ืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื. ืจื”ื ืฉืื ืืืชื: ืืืืื ืืชื? ืื ืืืื ืขืืฉื? ืืืฉืจ ืืืจืชื ืื ืฉืืื ืื”ื ื ืจืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืื, ืืขืง ืืคืชืข ืจื”ื ืื ืืืช ืืืื: ืืฉืืจืช ืืช ืืืื ืืื, ืขืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื!
ืืขืงื ืื ืจืืืคืช ืืืจื ืื ืืื, ืืืจ ืืืืฉ.
ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืื, ืืกืืจ ืืืคืกืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืืืื. ืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืคืกืืง ืืจืืข!
ืืืื ืฉื ืคืกื โ ืชืืจืช ืืืจ
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Shpitzer, Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shlita
ืืืจ ืืืงืชื
ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื
ืืค’ ืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืืกืจื ืจืืืช. ืืืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจืื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืืืจ”ื ืืืื ืจ’ ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืจ’ ืืขื ืื ืจ’ ืืืืืืืจ’ืก ืื”ื ืงืจืืงื. ืืขืื”ืก ืืืืจืื ืืืื ื’ ืขื”ืช. ืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื”ื ืฉื ืืฉื ืคืืจ ืืืจ”ื ืืืืืื, ืืจ’ ืืขื ืื ื ืคืืจ ืฉื ืช ืฉื ”ื. ืืข’ ืฉื”ืช ื”ื ืข”ื ืืขืฉื ืฉืืชืืจ ืืืจ”ื ืขืืื ื ืื ืืืง ืจ’ ืืขื ืื ืื ”ื.
ืืคืขื ืขืฉื ืชืืืืชื ืขืืกืงื ืืื”ื ืคืงืืื, ืืืจืื ืคืงืคืงื ืืื. ืืจ’ ืืขื ืื ืขืฉื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืืฆื ืคืงืืื. ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืคืงืืื. ืืื ืืื ืืคืกื ืืื ื ืืื ืืฉืืืขื. ืืืืขื ืฉืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืคืงืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืฉืืคืกืื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื.
ืืืชื ืืกื”ืข ืฉืืกืืจ ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืืขื ื ืืื ืืฉืจื ืืืื ืฆื ืืืื”ื ืืจืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืข ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืข ืืืฆืืจื ืืืชื ืื. ืืข’ ืงืื ’ ืจืืืช ืืืกื”ืขย ืืืข”ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืืืืื ืืืืขืจืื ื”ื ืืฆืืจื ืฉืขื ืืื ืืืืกืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืจืืช.
ืืข’ ืื ืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืงืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืื ืืืขืฉื ืืืืื ืืืื ืกืืื ืคืฉืจื ืืืื ืขื ืจืืื ืืฆื ืคืงืืื, ืืขืืฉื ืื ืืืืช ืฉืืงืื ืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืขืืืคืื ืขืืกืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืคืงืืื.
ืืข’ ืจืข”ื ืกืืก”ื ื ”ื ืืค”ืช ืื”ื ืฆ”ื ื’ ืืฉื ื ืื”ื ืกืืก”ื ื’ ืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืขืื ืขื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื.
ืืืฉ ืฉืืขืืจื ืืืคื”ื ืืื”ื ืฉืื”ื ืื ืืชื ื ืื ืืืฉืืข ืืื’ ืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื. ืืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืงืคืฅ ืื ืฉืืข ืืื ืืืกืช ืืจื ืืคืืจืฉ ืืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืฉืืฉืืข ืืืงื ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจืืืชื ืขืค”ื ื”ื.
ืืืคื ืืกื”ืข ืืืกืืจ ืืืชืื ืฉืืฉืืข ืืื ืืฉืจื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืงืฉื, ืืืคืืื ืืคื ืืืื”ื ืืืขืจืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ื”ื ืืื ืฉืฉืื ื”ื ืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืชื ืืจื ืขืืงืจ ืื ืฉืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืชืฃ ืืืจืฉ ืืจื ืื ืืืคื ืืื ืฉืื ืืกืฃ ืื ืืฆื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืจืืืช.
ืืืืืข ืืก’ ืืขืฉื ืจื ืืืืฉ ืฉืืืจ”ื ืืชื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืืข”ืฉ ืืืขืฉื ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืืชืจืื ืืืฉืื.
ืืข’ ืืก’ ืชืืจืช ืจืืืช ืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจ”ื ืืชื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืฉื ืชืืืืชื ืขืืกืงื ืืื”ื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืจ”ื ืืื”ื ืงืข”ื ื’ ืขื ืืฉื”ืข ืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืฆื ืคืงืืื ืื ืืืื ืคืงืืื ืื ืืืจ”ื ืืกืืื ืืื. (ืืฉืื ืืชื ืืืืื ืืืจ”ื ืืืืืง ืื ืขื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืจ”ื ืื”ื ืงืข”ื ื”ื ืขื ืืจื”ื ืืฉืื ืืขืจืื. ืืื ืขื”ืค ืืื ืจืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืืจ”ื ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืืชืจ ืขืืกืงื ืฉืื ื).
ืืข’ ืืขืช ืืืื ืกืืก”ื ืงื”ื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืง ืื”ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื. ืืข”ืข ืื ื”ื ื”ื ื”ื. (ืืืคืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืืืืจื ืืข”ื ื”ื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืืช ืื”ืฉ ืืื”ื ืื”ื ื”ื ืก”ื ืืก”ื ืืื ืืช ืฉืืื ื”ื).
ืืข’ ืืกืืจืช ืืฉื ืขื’ ืจื”ื ืฉืื ืืืชืื ืฉื ืืื ืข”ื ืขืืื ืื ืืืืจื ื”ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืงื ืข”ื ืฉืืืขื, ืืืคืฉืจ ืืืชืื ืฉืืืขื ืืจืืื ืขื ืก”ืช ืืฉืืช, ืืืื ืืืืจื. ืืข”ืฉ ืฉืื ืืืชืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืขืกืง ืืื ืืื ืืื”ื ืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืื ืืงืื ืจืง ื’ ืืืื, ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ื’ ืืืื ืจืืื, ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืฉืงืืข. ืืข”ืฉ ื ืื ื ืืกื ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืืฉ, ืืขื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืฉ.
ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืฉืชื ืืืื
Chodosh, Hagaon Harav Ephraim Shlita
ืขืืืืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืคืกื ืืฉืืืขืืช, ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืงืืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืงืืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืกืคืืจืช ืืขืืืจ, ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืฉืืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืชื ื, ืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืคืื, ืืกืคืืจื ืืืชื ืฆืจืืื ืกืคืืจื ืฉื ืืงืจืืช, ืขืื ืืจืืขืื ืืชืฉืข, ืขืื ืืจืืขืื ืืฉืืื ื, ืขื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืขืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืกืคืช ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืงืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืกืืคืจืื ืืช ืกืคืืจืช ืืขืืืจ, ืื ืืกืคืืจื ืืืืจืช ืขื ืชืืจืืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืกืคืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื, ืืงืจืืขืช ืื ืกืืฃ, ืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืืืืจ, ืืืฆืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืื’ ืืืืฉื ืขืืื, ืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืงื ืืกืคืืจ ืืคื ืงืจืื ืืขืืืจ?
ืฉืืื ื ืืกืคืช ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืืจืจ ืขืื ืืืื ืืกืืจ, ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืืืจืืช, ืขืืืื ืฉืื ืืกืชืืืืช, ืกืืฃ ืกืืฃ ืืืฉืืื ืืืกืื, ืื ืืื ืชืืคืก ืืช ืืงืืื, ืืกื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืจืืืื ืคืืชืืื ืืงืืืืฉ, ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืฉืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืงืืืืฉ ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืขืฆื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืฉืงื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืงืืื, ืืกืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช ืืงืืื ืืื ื ืฉืชื ื, ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืจืื, ืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืขืื ืืื ื ืืจืง ืื ืชืงืขืื ืืคืงืง ืืจืื ืขืงืืื, ืื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืื ืืฉืืื, ืืฉ ืื ืื ืืกืคืจ, ืืืืืฉื ืื ืื ืืจืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืจ ื ืืื ืืขื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื, ืื ืืืื ืจืฉืข ืืืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืืืช ืจืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืข ืืฉืืื, ืืื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืขืฆื ืืช ืืคืกื ืืืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืคืืงืืื ืืคื ื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืฉืืืืช ืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืื ืืกืืจ, ืืื ืืืืง ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืฉืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืกืืจืื ืืืชืืงืฉืื?
“ืืื ืืืฆืืื ื ืืืฆืจืื” ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืืืจ “ืืืื ื” ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืคืืื, “ืืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืฉืคืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื” ืื ืืืื ื, ืื ืืื ืฉืืจื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืื, ืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืื ื, ื”ืืื ืงืจืข ืื ื ืืช ืืื” ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืกืืืจ, ืืืงื”ื ืืฉ ืืจืื ืืจืืื, ื ืืชื ืืคืชืืจ ืืช ืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืกืืจื ืืืจืืื, ืืฆืจืื ืจืืืคืื ืืืจื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื, ืืคืฉืจย ืืกืืจ ืืื ืคื ืฆ’ืจ, ืืคืฉืจ ืืืจืื ืืกืืกืื ืืืฉืชืืข, ืื ืืื ืืจื ืฉืืข ืคืชืืื “ืงืื ืจืื ืงืื ืกืืก ืงืื ืืื ืืืื” ืืืืช ืืืช ืชืคืก ืืช ืืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืกื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ื ืขืืืจืื ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืืืืืช ืืืืืืช, ืื ืกืื ืืืชืืืจ ืขื ืืืืฅ, ืื ืื ืืื ื ืก? ืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ื ืขื “ืฉืงืข ืฆืจืื ื”, ืขื “ืกืคืง ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืืจ”, ืก”ื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืฆืื ืืจืืืฉ ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืคืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื, ืขืื ืื ื ืชื ืื ื ืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืฉ “ืกืคืง ืฆืจืื ื” ืืืฉ “ืืืืืื ื ืืช ืืื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืืื ืืชืช ืกืชื ืืื ืืงืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจืื, ืืื “ืืืื ืงืจืื ื ืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืื ื ืชื ืื ื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ื”, ืื ืืคืืจืืฉ? ืืฉืืื ืื ืงืจืื ื? ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืฉืืื/ืงืืคืช ืฆืืงื/ืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืื ืื ืืืกื ืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ืจ, ืขืืฉืื ืืกืคืืช ืืื ื, ืืฉืืืืช ืขืืืื, ืฉืืืจืื ืืืื, ืืืคืืกืื ืคืจืืกืคืงืืื, ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืืืืื ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืขืื ืฉืขืงื ืืืฅ ืืืื ืืืฉืขื ืืืืืืจืช ืื ืืขืจืื ืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืฉืืื ืื ืงืจืื ื ืืืจ ืกืื ื, ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืจืงืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืชื ืชืืจื?
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขื”ื ืกืืื ืืฉ”ืก, ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืงื ืื ืืกืืื ืืช ืืฉ”ืก? ืฉืืข ืฉื ืื, ื ื ืืื ืกืคืจืช ืืช ืืืืื, ืขืื 2600 ืืืื ืขืื 2500, ืืื ืืืช ืื ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืฆืคืืื, ืื ืืคืืจืืฉ ืกืคืจืชื, ืืืืชื ืืจืืืช ืืขืฉืืชื ืกืืื, ืืืจืชื ืฉืืช ืืืืืชื, ืื ืืกืืช ืื ืจืืืฉ ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื, ืขื ืฉืืืขืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืกืืื, ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืชืืื ื ื ืืืชื ืชืืจื ืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืช ืฉื ืฆืคืื, ืื ืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืช ืฉื ืืฉืื, ืืชืืื ื ืืช ืฉื ืืขืื, ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืฉื ืขืืื, ืขืื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืื”ื ืฉืขืจื ืืืืื, ืขืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืกื ืื”ื ืฉืขืจื ืงืืืฉื, ืืกืคืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืฉืื, ืืืื ืืฉืืืฉื, ืืจืืืขื, ืขื ืืืื ืืืจืืขืื ืืชืฉืข, ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืื ืงืจืื ื ืืืจ ืกืื ื, ืืืื ื, ืืืืื ืืืชื ื ืืืฆื ืฉื ืืฉืืืช ืืจืืื ืืืช, ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช.
“ืืื ืชืืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืืขืชื ืื ืขืฅ ืืืื” ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืืืืื ืื”ื ืืช ืืคืกืืง “ืืืจื ื’ ืืืงืืื ืชืืื” ืื ืืงื”ื ืืชืขืกืง ืืืืข ืชืืื “ืืืืข… ืื ืืขืื”, ืืฃ ืืชื ืื ืชืชืขืกืงื ืืื ืืืืข ืชืืื, ืืืืืจืฉ ืืืื ืกืืคืืจ, ืืืจืื ืืก ืฉืืืง ืขืฆืืืช ืขืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืืงื ืืืคืจ ืืืจืืช, ืกืื ืื ืืื ืืชื? ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืื, ืื ืื ืืชื ืขืืื ืงืฉื, ืขืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืช ืฆืจืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืืืืช ืฆืขืืจ, ืืื ืขืืืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืช ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืงื ื, ืืืืงื ืขืื ื, ืขืืืชื ืืืกืืชื ืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืื, ืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจืื? ืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืขืืื, ืืจืฆื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืคืืจืืช ื ืืืขืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ื, ืื ืื ื ืืืชื ืืืฆืืชื ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืืืชื, ืืืืจ ืื ืืงืืกืจ ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืคืืจืืช ืชืกืคืจ ืื ืขื ืื, ืืงืืกืจ ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืืงื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืขืืชืื, ืขืืจื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืงืืกืจ ืืืจ ืืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืงื ืืืื ืืงืืืฃ ืืืืื ืื ืืืขืืช, ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืงืฉื ืฉื ืืงืืกืจ, ืืื ืืืื ืกืืกืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืชืื ืื ืืคืืช ืืืืื ืืงืืกืจ, ืืคืชื ืืจืืื ืืงืืกืจ ืืืืข ืืงื ืื ืฉื ืงืจื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืคืื, ืืคื ื ืืกืคืจ ืฉื ืื ืืืจ ืขืืจ ืืช ืืืื, ืืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืืืชื ืฉืฃ, ืืงืืกืจ ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืชื ื ืกืืืืช, ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืชื ื ืืืืืืช, ืกืืกืื ืืืืื ืืืจืฉืืื ืืืื, ืื ืืชื? ืื ืืชื ืจืืฆื? ืื ื ืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืืงืืกืจ, ืืงืืกืจ ืื ืฆืจืื ืคืืจืืช, ืืฉ ืื ืื ืื ืืฉืง, ืืฉ ืื ืืื, ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืจืืื, ืื ืืกืจ ืื ื ืฉืื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืืงื ืืชืขืงืฉ, ืืงืืกืจ ืืืงืฉ ืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืคืืจืืช ืฉืืฆืืืชื ืืืื, ืื ืืืงืฉ, ืื ืืืงืฉ, ืืชื ืืืงืฉ? ืื ืคืืจืืฉ, ืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืงืฉ ืฉืืืื ืฉืืฆืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืขืฆืื ืฉื ืืขืชื ืื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืงืื ืืื, ืืกืืคืืจ ื ืฉืืข ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืงื ืืชืขืงืฉ, ืืืืืื ืืงืืกืจ, ืืฉ ืคื ืืงื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืืขื ืฉืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืงืืกืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืงืฉ ืืงืื ืืืคืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืืื, ืืงืืกืจ ื ืืชื ืืืื ืืก ืืช ืืืงื ืขื ืืคืืจืืช ืืืจืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืชื ืืขืืืื ืืืจืื ืืจืืงื ืืช ืืกืืกืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืื ืื ืืืืืืื, ืืืืจืื ืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืื? ืืืงืืกืจ ืขืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืงื ืืืฆื ืขื ืกืืกืื ืืืืื ืฉืืขืชืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉื, ืืื ืฉืืืืืชื ืืื ืกืืกืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืกืืื ืคืืืช, ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืง ืืฆืืขืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืืงื ืกืืกืื ืืคืืื ืืืืื, ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืงื ืืืืชื, ืืกืคืจ ืืืฉืชื ืืื ืื ืืช ืืกืืคืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืคืืื ืืงืืกืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืื “ืื ืืืืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืกืื ืื”, ืืื”ื ืืืฉืืืื ืืกืืคืืจ, ืืืืชื ืืขืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืฉืคืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืคืืก, ืขืืืืช ืืืช ืืฉืื ืืช, ืืฉื ืฉืืจืืฉ ืฉืื ืขืืื ืฉืขืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืื ืจืฆื ืืืขืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืชื, ืชืจืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืงืืกืจ ืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืชืืืจืชื ืืืืืื, ืงืืืื ืืขืืืื, ืงื ืืืจ ืชืืื ืืงืืกืจ ืชืื ืื, ืชืืืืจ ืขื ืืืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืืงืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืืชืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืจืื ืชืื ืื, ืื ืืื ืืืกืืคื ืื ืชืคืืืื, ืื ืฉื ืงืจื ืกืืืืจ ืคืืจืืช, ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืฆื ืืคืชื ืืืจืืื, ืืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืงืืกืจ ืืืื ืชืื ืื, ืืื ืืกืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืชืคืืืื, ืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืฉืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื, ืืืงืืกืจ ืืชืืืื ื ืืชื ืืืจืื, ืืขืืืื ืืืชื ืืคืชื, ืื ืืื ืฉืืขืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืขืืื ืืืชืคืืืื ืืืชืื ืื, ืืฉืชืืืจ ืื ืืงืขืจื ืชืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืืงืขืจื ืืืืื ืืกืืืจ ืฉืขืืื ืืงืืกืจ ื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืกื ืืงืืืข ืืืชืจ ืืืืืง, ืืคื ืืช ืขืจื ืคืฆืืข ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืชื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืื, ืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืฉ, ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืจืงื ืืช ืืกืคืืช ืืืฉื ืืช, ืชืืืฃ ืงืื ืื ืืืฉืืช, ื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืช, ืืช ืขื ืืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉืื, ื ืก ืฉืื ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืชืจืืืื, ืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืกืืื.
ืืืงื ื ืื”ืจ ืฉืืขื ื ืืื ืืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ, ืืฃ ืืื ืื ืื ืกื ืืืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืื”ื ืขื ืืกืืคืืจ, ืื”ื ืื ืืืืื ืกืืคืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืช, ืื”ื ืื ืืืืื ืกืืคืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ื ืื ืืกืคืจ, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืกืืคืืจ, ืืื ืืชืื ืืืจืื ืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื, ืืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืืืขืื, ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืข ืืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืืื ื ืืืข ืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืฆื ืืงืืื ืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืืืืื, ืขืจืื, ืจืืขื, ืชืจืืืืช ืืืขืฉืจืืช, ืฉืืืื ืืืืื, ืืกืืฃ ืืฉ ืื ืื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืข ืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฆืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืืืฆืืืช ืืชืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ, ืืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืขืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืืืื, ืืฉืืข ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืื ืืกืืกืืืช ืืงืืกืจ.
ืืขืืฉืื ื ื ืกื ืืืืื ืืื ืงืฉืืจื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืชืืจื ืืกืคืืจืช ืืขืืืจ, ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืขืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืคื ื ืืืจื ืขืืื “ืืืืจ ืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืื… ืืขืืืจื ืื ืื ืข ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืจืช ืืงื ื ื ืืขื ืืื… ืืฆืืงื ืืื ืืฉืจืช ืืื” ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืงืฉ ืืืคืฆืืจ ืืชืคืืื “ืฉืืชื ืืื… ืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉื, ืืืจืื ืืื… ืืืืื ืืื… ืืฉืืข ืืื…” ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืฆื ืืืจืืฉ ืืช ืืฉืื, ืืืื ืืงืืื ืื ืชืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืืจ, ืืื ืืงืืื ืฉืื ืื ืชืืจืข ืืืืื, ืืช ืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืฆืืืช, ืืืจืฃ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืคื ืืืืคื, ืืืขืืจืช ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื, ืืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ, ืฆืจืืืื ืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืขื ืืืืช ืืืชืืื ืืงืฆืืจ, ืงืืื ืืงืจืืืื ืืช ืืขืืืจ ืืื ื ืืชื ืืืชืืื ืืงืฆืืจ, ืืืจ ืืงืจืืื ืืช ืืขืืืจ, ืื ืืื ืงืฆืจ ืืช ืืชืืืื, ืืคืจืืฉ ืชืจืืืืช, ื ืชื ืืขืฉืจืืช, ืืืื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืขื ืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืื, ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืชืช ืชืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืคืจื ืฉืืื, ืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืฉื, ืฆืจืืืื ืงืืื ืืงืื ืจืฉืืช, ืงืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืชื ืืืื, ืจืง ืืืจื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืฉืจื ืืืงืจืื ืืืงืืฉ, ืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืฉืื, ืื ืฉืฉืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืชื ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืฉืื.
“ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืช… ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืจ ืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืจืช ืืื ืคืืจืฉืืื ืขื ืฉืคืืจืฉ ืืงื”ื ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ื’ ืืืืืจ ื’ ืขื ืขืืื ืืช ืชืืจืชื ืืื’, ืืืจ ืจื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืจื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชืืจื ืชืืืื” ืืืจ”ื ืื ืืจืื “ืฉืื ืืืชื ืืชืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื”, ืืืจืฉ”ื ืื”ื “ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืขืชืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื”, ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืงื ืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืช ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจ, ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืื, ืืคืกืืง ืืื ื ืืืจ “ืื’ ืืืจืฅ ืืืืืื” ืืืคืกืืง ืืืจ ื ืืืจ “ืืืืจืฅ ื ืชื ืืื ื ืืื” ืขืื ื ืืื’ ืืื ืงืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื, ืฉืืื ืืืงื ืืืืื ืคืจืืกืช ืืื, ืชืคืื ืื ืืืก ืืื, ืืื ืืืงื ืืืจ ืฉืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืขืืื, ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืขืฆื ืืืฅ ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืื ืืขืืืช ืขื ืืืชื ืืืจ “ื ืชื ืืื ื ืืื”, ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจืช ืืฉื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืจืฉืืช, ืืืื ืืงืืืื ืจืฉืืช ืข”ื ืืจืื, ื”ืื ืืจืื ืืชืืืื” ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืฉืืืืก ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืก ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืช, ืื ืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืฉืื ืชืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืขืืื, ืฉืื ืชืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื, ืืขื ืืืจืืฉื ืืืืช ืื ืขืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืคืืจืฉ ืืงื”ื ืืขืฆืื, ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืืขืืืจ ืืืกืคืืจื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืฉืชื ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืืืืื ืืงืจืื ืื ืื ืฉืื, ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฉืื, ืืชืืจื ืืื ืชืืจืช ืืฉื, ืืืฉืจืืฆืื ืืืฉืช ืืืืื ืืช ืชืืจืช ืืฉื, ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืขื ื ืชืื ืช ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืจืฉืืช ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื.
ืืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืชื ืชืืจืชื ื, ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืงืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืงืืื, ืืงื”ื ื ืชื ืื ื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืช ืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืชื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืงืืื, ืืืืช ืืงืืื ืืืืืืช ืืงืืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืคื ืืืื ื ืื ืืงืืื, ืื ืกืคืืจืช ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืืฉ, ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื, ืื ืืงืจืื ื ืืคื ื ืืจ ืกืื ื, ืขืฆื ืืขืืืื, ืขืฆื ืืืื ื, ืขื ืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืฆืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืกืืื ืืกืคืงืช ืืืืืืช, ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืืื, ืฉื ืชื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืช ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืช ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืขืืื ืขืื ืืขืื ืืืงืื ืื ืคืขื ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืชืืจื, ืืืงืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืชื ืืชืืจื, ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืืงืืื ืืช ืื ืืืจื ืชืืจืชื, ืืืืืืช ืฉืืชืคืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืชืืจื ืืืืืขืชื ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Wagschal, Harav Hagaon Yehuda Shlita
One Passuk, Opposite Messages
Parashas Bechukosai
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal shlita
After the Torah describes the reward and berachah for those who follow its commandments, it delineates at length the klalah and punishments awaiting those who do not.
But the second-to-last passuk of the tochachah appears to be the opposite of klalah: ืึฐืึธืึทืจึฐืชึดึผื ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึทืขึฒืงืึนื ืึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึดืฆึฐืึธืง ืึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึถืึฐืึนึผืจ ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึถืึฐืึนึผืจ. This passuk seems to be one of berachah and nechamah, expressing that even in the most difficult times, Hakadosh Baruch Hu always remembers the bris He made with Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov, and He remembers Eretz Yisrael. But the next passuk continues with the klalos and punishment, so why do these words of consolation appear in middle of the tochachah? Wouldnโt it be more appropriate to conclude the tochachah with the assurance that even after these klalos, Hashem will remember His covenant?
The Shelah Hakadosh explains that this is not a passuk of nechamah, but part of the tochachah. When a person defies Hashemโs will, he deserves to be punished, but the level of the punishment will vary depending on the individual and circumstances. If a person grew up in an environment in which keeping Torah and mitzvos was very difficult, or he experienced many challenges in life, he is still expected to do whatโs right, but if he doesnโt, his transgression is not as bad as that of a person who was raised in an atmosphere that was highly conducive to keeping the Torah but decided to transgress nonetheless.
This idea is perhaps alluded to in the Mishnahโs statement, in Avos, ืึทึผืข … ืึดืคึฐื ึตื ืึดื ืึทืชึธึผื ืขึธืชึดืื ืึดืชึตึผื ืึดึผืื ืึฐืึถืฉึฐืืึผืึนื. Whatโs the difference between din and cheshbon? Din, we can explain, is the objective judgment for the act that a person did, while cheshbon is the subjective consideration of the background and circumstances of the person who performed the act. Both factors are part of the calculation of the punishment that a person deserves if he sins.
When Hashem says that He will remember the Avos and Eretz Yisrael, He is conveying to us that we will be punished not only for what we did wrong, but for who are ancestors were and we were located. If a person descends from sinners, what could be expected of him? True, he has bechirah, and will therefore be punished for his own choices, but his punishment will not be as bad as that of someone who has distinguished ancestors and chose to abandon his roots. Therefore, Hashem will remember not only what we did, but who we descend from. If, instead of living up to the standards of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov, we chose a different path, that magnifies the tochachah and the resulting klalah.
Similarly, had we been living in a land of tumah, not in Eretz Yisrael, what could have been expected of us? But since the klalos are directed at Klal Yisrael living in Eretz Yisrael, Hashem will remember where we are located: You lived in the place most conducive to kedushah, yet you chose the other path? That, too, magnifies the sin and the punishment.
This, says the Shelah, is why this passuk is part of the tochachah.
Is It Truly Tochachah?
On the other hand, however, we see that this passuk is considered a passuk of nechamah. For one thing, we say it as part of the ten pesukim of Zichronos in Mussaf of Rosh Hashanah, and we do not include any pesukim of puraniyos in these pesukim. If this passuk were part of the tochachah, we would not recite it when we are seeking zechusim.
Furthermore, the minhag in Klal Yisrael is that the baal korei reads the tochachah quickly and in a low tone, but when he reaches this passuk of ืึฐืึธืึทืจึฐืชึดึผื ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึทืขึฒืงืึนื…, he reads it slowly and in a loud tone, like the rest of the Torah. For the next passuk, which is the last passuk of the tochachah, he reverts to reading quickly, in a low tone. If this passuk would be considered tochachah, then why would we read it slowly and loudly?
Perhaps we can explain that this passuk is actually both tochachah and nechamah. On one hand, Hashemโs remembering our roots and location magnifies the tochachah, but on the other hand, it conveys the berachah and consolation behind that tochachah.
We know that when Hashem reprimands and punishes us, it is not, chas vโshalom, for the purpose of soothing His anger. Rather, it is for the purpose of chinuch. When we do something good, we are rewarded, and that shows us that we are on the proper path. When we do something wrong, we are punished, which shows us that this is not the proper way, and that we should stop this behavior.
Each of us is a mechanech in some capacity. A rebbi is mechanech his students, a parent is mechanech his child, and we are all responsible to be mechanech ourselves. How is chinuch performed?
Hashemโs Chinuch
The Torah provides the paradigm in Parashas Emor.
Regarding the passuk ืึฑืึนืจ ืึถื ืึทืึนึผืึฒื ึดืื ืึฐึผื ึตื ืึทืึฒืจึนื ืึฐืึธืึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึฒืึตืึถื ืึฐื ึถืคึถืฉื ืึนื ืึดืึทึผืึธึผื ืึฐึผืขึทืึธึผืื, Rashi comments, ืืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืขื ืืงืื ืื. The Kohanim have a mitzvah to be mechanech their children not to become tamei. Why does the Torah choose the mitzvah of tumas kohanim as the prototype of how to be mechanech? We have to teach our children to keep Shabbos, to observe Pesach, and to follow all the other mitzvos in the Torah as well!
Often, people educate their children by telling them to stop a particular behavior because it is bad. But the Torah is teaching us that there is a better way to be mechanech. Letโs say a Kohen would tell his son, โDonโt become tamei meis,โ and the child would question why he canโt become tamei while all his non-Kohen friends can. โIf itโs so bad,โ he might ask, โwhy are they allowed to do it?โ
โTumas meis is not bad for them,โ the father will answer, โbut you are a Kohen, and a Kohen is special. Therefore, whatโs fine for everyone else is not okay for you.โ The father will then explain what is the gadlus of a Kohen, and why tumas meis is not appropriate for such a person.
The Torah uses this as an example of chinuch because this is really the way weโre supposed to be mechanech regarding all mitzvos and aveiros. Focusing on the bad and saying no, no, no might work at times, but often it wonโt speak to the person youโre being mechanech. Sometimes it wonโt speak to you either. Instead of speaking about the negative, then, focus on the positive, and explain to others, and to yourself, what a Yid is. โThis behavior might not be wrong for others,โ you need to explain, โbut for someone of your caliber, itโs inappropriate.โ
Thatโs the key to chinuch. The Torah chose tumas kohanim as the paradigm of chinuch because thereโs no other way to give over that mitzvah but to frame it in the context of the Kohenโs distinction.
Similarly, Hakadosh Baruch Hu often has to be mechanech us, and the tochachah is chinuch. But what is the message of the tochachah? Are we supposed to conclude that these forbidden behaviors are bad, bad, bad? Or are we supposed to conclude that these behaviors might not be so bad, but for us Yidden theyโre inappropriate?
Perhaps this is what the passuk ืึฐืึธืึทืจึฐืชึดึผื ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึทืขึฒืงืึนื ืึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึดืฆึฐืึธืง ืึฐืึทืฃ ืึถืช ืึฐึผืจึดืืชึดื ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึถืึฐืึนึผืจ ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึถืึฐืึนึผืจ is conveying to us. On one hand, the fact that we descend from the Avos Hakedoshim and are located in Eretz Yisrael does magnify the criticism against us for sinning despite our roots and atmosphere. In that respect, itโs part of the tochachah. But in this passuk, Hakadosh Baruch Hu is also conveying to us that when He punishes us, He does so not because what we did is bad, bad, bad, but because we are so good: We are the children of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov, living in Eretz Yisrael, and this behavior does not suit us. Thatโs the biggest chizuk! Instead of being broken and viewing ourselves as failures, we should see the tochachah as a reflection of our gadlus. That will encourage us to turn around and make the necessary changes.
This is the way Hakadosh Baruch Hu is mechanech us, and this is the way we are expected to be mechanech our students, our children, and ourselves.