VayikraBechukosai

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nachum Partzovitz, ztโ€l

ื•ื™ืฉื‘ืชื ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ืืจืฆื›ื (ื›ื•, ื”)

ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื (ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ื, ื) ื“ืจืฉื•: ื‘ืืจืฆื›ื ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื—, ื•ืื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”.

ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืชื— ื•ื“ืื’ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืขื•ืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื˜ืขื ื• ืฉื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ื™.

ืืžืจ ืื– ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ื•ื ืคืจืฆื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ืฉื‘ื—ื–”ืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื“ืจืฉื• “ื‘ืืจืฆื›ื ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื—, ื•ืื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื””, ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื” ืื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ืชืœื›ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื”, ื•ื”ื› ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ ืืžืจื• ืื—ืจืช.

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ ‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื ื—ื•ื’

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื

ืžื•ืคืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขืžืœื”. ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืงื™ื“ื” ื•ื™ื’ื™ืขื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืขื“ ื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื™ื ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ืคืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื—ืื™, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืงื™ื“ื” ื•ืขืžืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืชืืจ, ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืจื—ืฉื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืœื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื“’ ื‘ืฉื ื—ืื™ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืขื, ืชื™ืืจ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืžืจืŸ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื—ื™ ื•ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ืœืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื:

“ื›ื— ื”ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•, ื‘ืœื™ ืžื•ืฉื’. ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืื™. ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื™ืจื• ืคืฆืฆื•ืช-ืชื‘ืขืจื”. ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืจืฆื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื”ืžื”ื•ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื”ืžื•ืช ืžืจื—ืฃ ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื™ืจ. ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ ื‘ื•. ื•ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืื– ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื? – ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื—ืจื™ืฉ ืืช ืจืขืฉ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ื”ืžืชืขื•ืคืคื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืœื•. “ื”ื‘ื” ืœื ื ืื‘ื“ ื–ืžืŸ. ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื” ืžื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื ืžื”ืจ ืื™ืคื•ื ื•ื ื—ื˜ื•ืฃ ืžืขื˜ ืœื™ืžื•ื“”. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื ืจื’ืขื™ื ื˜ืจืื’ื™ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆืœืœื™ ื”ืžื•ืช ืจื™ื—ืคื• ืœื ื’ื“ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื. ื”ืื•ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ – ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ – ืœื— ื•ืžืขื™ืง. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื•ืจืจ ืžื—ื ืง ืžืžืฉ. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื” ืœื ืฉื•ื. ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ื. ื”ื–ื™ืขื” ืื™ื ื” ืื•ื›ืœืช ื‘ื•, ื”ืฆืžื ืžื™ื™ื‘ืฉ ืืช ืœืฉื•ื ื•, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืื‘ ืœืงืจื‘ื• ื“ืœื™ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืžืจื•ื•ื” ืืช ืฆืžืื•ื ื•.

ืฉื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืงืฉื•ืช, ื™ืžื™ื ืืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื•ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืจื— ื›ืกื•ืฃ. ืขืœ ื”ืœื‘ ืžืขื™ืง ื›ืื‘ ืื™ื•ื. ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช-ืื™ื•ื‘ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืฉืื™ื™ื. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื—ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช. ืฉื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื—ื“ ื•ืžืงื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ืคื—ื“. “ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืžืขืชื™ ืœื—ื ื™ื•ืžื ื•ืœื™ืœื””, ื‘ื•ืœืขื™ื ื“ืžืขื•ืช. ื”ืฆืขืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ืžืคืขื ืœืคืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืžืขื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื•. ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ ื ื•ืจื! ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื“ื™ื–ื ื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืžืฉืชื•ืœืœื•ืช, ืžื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื›ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืจื›ื–, ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืื– ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืจื”ืจ ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืงืฉื”, ืืš ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืชื’ืœื” ืื– ื›ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื™ืกื™ ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื›ืื—ื“. ื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืœื ื”ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื• ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช-ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš, ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“, ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืขื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื•ืžื“. ื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœื ื ื—ืœืฉื” ื’ื ื‘ื”ื™ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื›ื ื” ืื—ืช ืœื‘ืื” ืื—ืจื™ื””.

ืžืชื•ืš ‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื“ื”’ ืขืž’ ืฉื™”ื˜

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ื‘ื—ืงืชื™

ื‘ืชื•ื›ื—ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื

ื”ื ื” ื‘ื’ืž’ ืืžืจื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื‘ื–ื””ื–, ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชืžื” ื•ืžื”ืจืฉ”ื ืืœืคื ื“ืจื™ ื—”ื‘ ืœ”ื ื“ื’ื ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืžืฉื‘ืช ื™”ื‘ ืข”ื‘ ื“ืืžืจ ืจ’ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื›ืฉื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื—ื˜ืืช ืฉืžื ื”, ื•ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืข”ื‘ ืข”ื‘ ื•ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื””ื– ืžื ื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื’ืฉ”ืค ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘”ื‘ ื•ืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืง”ืค ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื˜ืขื ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื””ื– ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื—ืœื–ื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื˜ืžืื™ื. (ื•ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื”ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืข”ื– ืข”ื ื“ื“ืจืฉ ืžืงืจื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื• ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืื”).

ื•ื”ื ื” ื›”ื– ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืื– ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ (ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืืคืจ ื”ืคืจื” ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืœ”ืž ืค”ื’ ืžืื‘ืœ). ื•ื”ื ื“ืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื ื™ื—ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืื‘”ื“ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื””ื– ื“ืก”ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ืงื“ืฉื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืงืฉื”.

ื•ืœื›ื’ ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืื– ืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื ื•ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ื ืฆื™”ื‘. ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื ืฆื™”ื‘ ืฆ”ื‘ ืžื”ื ื“ืืžืจื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฆ”ืœ ื“ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฆื“ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืž”ืž ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืžืฉื•ื ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืžื”ื ื“ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืง”ื– ืข”ื‘ ื“ืฉื•ื—ื˜ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื–ื””ื– ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืชื™’ ื›ืœื•ื.

(ื•ื‘ื—ื–ื•”ื ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืœ’ ื”’ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื’”ื› ื”ื”ื™ื ืคืกื•ืง ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื, ืื›ืŸ ืœื ืคืกืœ ืžื””ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื ื›ืชื‘ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื‘ื–ื””ื– ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื” ื•ื–”ืœ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ืคืงืขื” ืžืฆื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžื—ืžืช ืื•ื ืก ืืœื ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›”ื• ืœ”ื ืขื›”ืœ. ื•ืข’ ืžืฉืžืจ ื”ืœื•ื™ ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืงืก”ื–, ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื™’ ื™”ื˜ ื’’, ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืคืจืฉ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฆื™”ื‘ ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ื—ื–ื•”ื ื•ืžื”ืจืฉ”ื ืืœืคื ื“ืจื™ ืื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื ืฆื™”ื‘ ื‘ื”ืขืžืง”ืฉ ืค’ ืจืื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ ืงืฉื” ืžื”ื”ื™ื ื“ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช).

ื•ืข”ืข ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™’ ื’ (ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืœ”ื— ืข”ื‘) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื’”ื› ื›ืž”ืฉ ื”ื ืฆื™”ื‘ ื“ืžืฉื•ื ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘, (ืžื™ื”ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื›ื’ ื™”ืœ ื›ื—ื–ื•”ื ื•ืœื ื›ื ืฆื™”ื‘), ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื›”ื— ืข”ื ื“ืืžืจ ืจ’ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื“ื‘ื”ื›”ื  ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ ืืช ืžืงื“ืฉื›ื ืืข”ืค ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื™, ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืžื ืœืŸ ื“ืืข”ืค ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื™, ื“ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ื— ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื›ื ื•ืข”ื› ืื™ื™ืจื™ ื“ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืžื–ื” ืžื•ื›ื— ื“ืืข”ืค ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื™. ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื› ืœืžืื™ ื ”ืž ืืžืจื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืชื™’ ื—ื“ื ื“ื ”ืž ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืž’ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื–ื””ื–, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื ”ืž ื“ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆื•ื” ื”’ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืž”ืง ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืืจื™ื— ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืข”ืค ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื ื•, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื ”ืž ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืฃ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืž”ืž ืื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื™ืฆื ืงืจื‘ื ื• ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืžื”.

ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโ€l

ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™

ืดืื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ืชืœื›ื• ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ื ืชืชื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื›ื ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ื ืชืชื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ื ืชืชื™ ืžืฉื›ื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ืืด ื•ื’ื•ืณ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ืž) . ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืœืœื•ืช ื ืืžืจ (ืฉื) ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ื˜ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื›ื ื•ืื•ืœืš ืืชื›ื ืงื•ืžืžื™ื•ืชืด. ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ (ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืคืจื):

ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ืืด – ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™, ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ื ืกื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜, ื™ื“) ืดื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื“ืข ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅืด, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘ืดืŸ (ืฉื ื™ื’, ื˜ื–): ืดืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืด.

ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื”ืจืžื‘ืดืŸ ืฉื ืœื‘ืืจ, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฉืจื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืณ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืชื›ืœื™ืช.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืฉื™ืดืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉืžืจื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ื ืกื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ืืด, ื•ื–ื• ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื“ืข ื•ื’ื•ืณ ืœื—ื–ืง ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื™ืดืช.

ื•ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื”ืณ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืืžืŸ ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช: ืดืื ื™ ื”’ – ื ืืžืŸ ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ืจืด.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื•(ืื‘ื•ืช ื, ื’) ืดืืœ ืชื”ื™ื• ื›ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืก, ืืœื ื”ื•ื• ื›ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืกืด.

ื‘ื ื—ื‘ืงื•ืง ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ืช

ื•ื”ื ื” ืื™ืชื ื‘ื’ืžืณ (ืžื›ื•ืช ื›ื’:): ื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืœืื™ ืฉืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืœืžืฉื” ืฉืœืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืœืื•ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืžืืชื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื.

ื‘ื ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื•ื›ื•’, ื‘ื ื—ื‘ืงื•ืง ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ “ื•ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื™ื—ื™ื”ืด.

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉืดื, ืฉื‘ืื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื ื—ื‘ืงื•ืง ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืื—ืช – ืดื•ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื™ื—ื™ื”ืด, ืฉืžืžื ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื—ืดื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉืดื, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืจืžืดื— ืื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื”, ื•ืื‘ืจ ื”ืœื‘ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื ื›ื™, ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืœื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืจืžืดื— ื”ืื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื•ืชื, ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืœืœ ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืจืžืดื— ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืžืคื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”.

ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืœื‘ ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ืช

ืณื”ื ื” ืื™ืชื ื‘ื’ืžืณ(ื™ื•ืžื ื˜:): ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื—ืจื‘ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื, …ืื‘ืœ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื—ืจื‘, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืช ื—ื ื ื•ื›ื•’.

[ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ] ืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืœื ืฉืชืœื• ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื‘ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, …ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืชื’ืœื” ืขื•ื•ื ื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืงื™ืฆื, ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืขื•ื•ื ื ืœื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืงื™ืฆื.

ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื’ืจืดื (ืื‘ืดืฉ), ื›ื™ ืฉื ืืช ื—ื ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืคืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื ืื” ื•ื”ืฉื ืื” ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžื“ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืžืžื ื•. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจื• “ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืชื’ืœื” ืขื•ื•ื ื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืงื™ืฆื, ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืขื•ื•ื ื ืœื ื ืชื’ืœื” ืงื™ืฆืืด ึพ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืจืง ืžืœื‘ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืœื• ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื‘ื”ืฉื™ืดืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืืฃ ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื’ืžืดื— ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืœื‘ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืœื‘ ืžืงื•ืœืงืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืืช ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืื“ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ื”ืณ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื“ื ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื™ื“ ื“ื•ืื’ ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืชื™ื“ื• ื•ืžื” ืชื”ื ืคืจื ืกืชื•, ื•ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื ื‘ืœื‘ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื ื•ืชื ืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœื.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง, ืฉื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืชืœื• ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื‘ื”ืฉื™ืดืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืืžื ื ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื’ืžืดื— ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืœื” ืจื—ืดืœ.

ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ, ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื”ืœื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืžื–, ื™ื) ืดืจื•ืฆื” ื”ืณ ืืช ื™ืจืื™ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื—ืœื™ื ืœื—ืกื“ื•ืด, ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื™ืชืณ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ ื ืฆื—, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืœ,ื•) ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื•.

ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืดืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื™ื—ื™ื””, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืณื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื•ืณ – ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื‘ื”ืณ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืž’ (ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื—:) ืดืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคืช ื‘ืกืœื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืžื—ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืžืงื˜ื ื™ ืืžื ื”ืด, ื•ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื›ืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืขืœืช ืžืื•ืžื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืŸ, ื”ืžืจื‘ื” ืœื ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื•ื”ืžืžืขื™ื˜ ืœื ื”ื—ืกื™ืจ. [ืขื™ืณ ื‘ืดื™ ื•ืžืดื‘ ืื•ืดื— ืกื™ืณ ื].

ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืš ื”ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช.

ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ

ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื – ืดืื ื›ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืš ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ืš ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื” (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›, ื‘), ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฆื˜ื•ื™ื ื• (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–, ื’) ืณืณืœืžืขืŸ ืชื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื™ื•ื ืฆืืชืš ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ืšืด, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจืžื‘ืดืŸ (ืกื•”ืค ื‘ื) ื›ื™ ืขืดื™ ื™ืฆื™ืดืž ื ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ ื‘ื™ื“ื•.

ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืดืž ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืœื‘ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืš ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืชื ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื

ื•ื”ื ื” ื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืจืžื‘ืดื ืฉืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืžื ืื” ื”ืจืžื‘ืดื ื‘ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœื‘ืืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจืดื— ื–ืฆืดืœ ืฉื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื— ื‘ืจืžื‘ืดื.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืืจ, ืฉื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, (ื•ื‘ืค’ ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืœืืœืงื™ื ืื ื™ ื”ื™ ืืœืงื™ื›ืืด, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™ ืดืขืดืž ื›ืŸ ืคื“ื™ืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื›ื ื’ื–ื™ืจื•ืชื™ืด.) ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืจืง ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืจืง ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ืœ ื“ืดื ืžืขืฆืžื• ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ืžืดืฉ, ื•ื–ื” ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืขืดื™ ืžื“ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื“ืื’ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื”ืดื–. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืžืดืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืดืž, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื™ืดืช.

ื ืžืฆื, ืฉื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืดืž ื”ื™ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืขืดื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•.

ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”’ ืžื‘ื˜ื— ืขื–

ื•ืžืขืชื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ, ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ: ืณืณืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื – ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ื ืกื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ืืด, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ, ืืœื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื–ื• ื›ื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืœืื™ืฉ ื›ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ื›ืคืจื™ ืžืขืœืœื™ื•.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ (ื™ื“, ื›ื•) “ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณ ืžื‘ื˜ื— ืขื– ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืกื””, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ื’ืจืดื:

ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืณ ื—ืœืงื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืœืชืช ืœื• ื”ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื• ื”ืฉืดื™ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื™ืจื• ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื•ื—ืœืง ื”ื‘ืณ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืืš ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื‘ื”’, ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืกื™ื• ื‘ื• – ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืžื—ืกื” ืœืื“ื ืžื–ืจื ื•ืžืžื˜ืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื ื•ื— ืฉื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืš ื”ืฆื•ืจ ืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœืžื—ืกื”, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืดื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื—ืกื•ืช ื‘ื”ืณืด ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ื”ื‘’, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืœื™ืš ื™ื”ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืณ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื• ื”ืณ, ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื‘ืื“ื, ืืฃ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืดืžื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืื“ืืด.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ืดื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณืด, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื—ืžืช ื”ื™ืจืืช ื”’ ื™ื’ื™ืข ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื›ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืดืžื‘ื˜ื— ืขื•ื–ืด ื•ื—ื–ืง, ื•ื’ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืœืžื—ืกื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืณ ืฆื‘ืื•ืช.

ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉื”, ืื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ืชืœื›ื• ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืื• ืื—ืดื› ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื•ืžืจ, ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ึพ ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ื ืกื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ืืด, ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืณ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืณ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื ืืžืŸ, ื‘ืณ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื— ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื•, ื•ืœื–ื” ืืžืจื” ืชื•ืจื” ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ืืด – ืดืื ื™ ื”ืณืด ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื•ืืจื – ืดืฉืขืœื™ื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืžื™ ื”ืณ, ื ืืžืŸ ืœืืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™”. ื•ื‘ืืžืจื• ืดืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื›ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• – “ื›ื“ืื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื•ื›ื•'”.

ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืดืžื‘ื˜ื— ืขื•ื–ืด, ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื ื• ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ึพ ืดืื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ืชืœื›ื•” – ืดื•ื ืชืชื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื›ื ื‘ืขืชืืด ื•ื’ื•’, ืดื•ื ืชืชื™ ืžืฉื›ื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ื•ื”ืชื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื ืœืืœืงื™ื ื•ืืชื ืชื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืœืขื ื•ื’ื•ืณืด. ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื ื• ื”ืฉื™ืดืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณ ืžื‘ื˜ื— ืขื–.

ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื ื• “ื”’ ืขื•ื–ื™ ื•ืžืขื•ื–ื™”, ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืงืœืœื•ืช, ื•ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”: “ืืจื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ืื“ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ื•”ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ื”'”, ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื›ื™ ืืžื ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžื”ื• ืœื‘ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื (ืœื–, ื’) ืดื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ื”ืณ ื•ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื•ืจืขื” ืืžื•ื ื”ืด, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™: ื•ืืœ ืชืืžืจ ืื ืœื ืื’ื–ื•ืœ ื•ืื’ื ื•ื‘ ืื• ืืชืŸ ืœืขื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืžื” ืืชืคืจื ืก, ื•ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืื– ืชืฉื›ื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ืœืื•ืจืš ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืจืขื” ืืžื•ื ื”, ืชืื›ืœ ื•ืชืชืคืจื ืก ืžืฉื›ืจ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืืžื ืช ื‘ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘.

ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื•ืชื™ ืชืœื›ื• ื•ื ืชืชื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื›ื ื‘ืขืชื ื•ื’ื•’, ื–ื”ื• ืื ืชืฉืžืขื• ืœื™ ื•ืชืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื›ื ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื”ื–ื ื—ืช ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื”ืดื–, ืื– ื™ื•ืฉืคืข ืขืœื™ื›ื ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.

ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ, ื›ื™ ืืžื ื ืฉื ื™ื ื• ืดืืœ ืชื”ื™ื• ื›ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืกืด, ืืœื ืฉื›ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืก, ืืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื‘ื”ืณ, ืœื•ืžื“ ื•ืขืžืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ืœื• ืžืื•ืžื”, ืขื•ืฉื” ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื—ืกื“ ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืฉืœื ื™ืคืกื™ื“ ืžืื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืฉื ื›ืš.

ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ื’ื• ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ื ื™ื

ืืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืžืณ (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื˜:) ืดื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืืžืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืœื• ืฉืขืจื™ ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›ื•, ื‘) ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ื ื’ื•ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ื ื™ื, ืืœ ืชื™ืงืจื™ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ื ื™ื ืืœื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืžืŸ, ืžืื™ ืืžืŸ ืืžืจ ืจืณ ื—ื ื™ื ื ื-ืœ ืžืœืš ื ืืžืŸืด, [ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™ ื›ืš ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื-ืœ ืžืœืš ื ืืžืŸ].

ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉืดื™ ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ื‘ื™ืฉืขื™ื”: ืดืคืชื—ื• ืฉืขืจื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ื ื’ื•ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ื ื™ื” – ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืขืจื™ื ืฉืœื” [ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื], ื•ื™ื‘ื ืœืชื•ื›ื” ื’ื•ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง, ืฉื•ืžืจ ืฉืฉืžืจ ื•ืฆื™ืคื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ืชื• ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืืžื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื• ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขืคืดื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื• ืœื’ืืœื.

ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ื•ืžืงื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœื‘ื• ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื”ืฉื™ืดืช ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื•, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

โ€ซโ€ชParshaโ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ชPreview

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Parashas Bechukosai

Harav Hagaon Yosef Elefant shlita

The words ืึดื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึปืงึนึผืชึทื™ ืชึตึผืœึตื›ื•ึผ are interpreted by Chazal as a reference to ameilus baTorah: ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. We can ask, however, where in this passuk is there an allusion to ameilus baTorah? Furthermore, why would all the brachos and klalos be dependent on ameilus baTorah alone?

We can ask a similar question regarding the passuk in Iyov that says, ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐืขึธืžึธืœ ื™ื•ึผืœึธึผื“, which Chazal interpret as a reference to ameilus baTorah as well. Is that really what a person is born for?

The Maharal, in a number of places, wonders why a human being is called adam. True, he was created from the adamah, but so were all living things. Why, of all the creations, is a human being called adam?

The Maharal explains that what differentiates an adam from a beheimah is that the human being represents growth, while the animal represents stagnation. The word beheimah, says the Maharal, comes from the words bah mah โ€” what there is, thatโ€™s what there is. Or, as they say in Hebrew, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ. Animals donโ€™t grow. The Gemara says, in Bava Kamma, that a day-old ox is called an ox, and a day-old ram is called a ram.

A human being is called adam because the essence of the adamah is the potential for growth, and that potential for growth is what defines a human being. Whereas a beheimah is incapable of growth or change, the essence of an adam is constant growth and bringing out the potential.

R’ Yerucham, in Devarim, notes that even ten minutes after a kitten is born, if a truck rumbles by, the kitten will jump back reflexively. In contrast, a human, even a year after it is born, will not be able to escape the truck. Is a cat smarter than a human being? No, but a cat is born with fully developed reflexes, so if the cat would not get run over at age ten, it will not get run over at age ten minutes. In a cat thereโ€™s no growth; thereโ€™s only stagnation. Whatever the cat is, it is. A human, on the other hand, is born totally helpless. This signifies that a human beingโ€™s essence is growth, because he starts at zero and is meant to bring out the potential within him as he grows.

The Greatest Movement Ever

The passuk in Yeshayah describes Avraham Avinu as ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึธึผืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื โ€” the greatest human being. Rashi writes, at the beginning of Iyov, that the two heiโ€™s in this phrase โ€” ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ โ€” add up to ten, corresponding to the ten nisyonos he overcame. What does that have to do with being ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึธึผืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื?

The Ramban says, in Parashas Vaโ€™eira, that the purpose of a nisayon is not for Hakadosh Baruch Hu to test the person; Hakadosh Baruch Hu does not need to test anyone. Rather, the purpose of a nisayon is to bring out the personโ€™s potential. When a person faces a challenge thatโ€™s beyond his comfort zone, that enables him to bring out kochos that he normally wouldnโ€™t utilize or access. The fact that Avraham Avinu withstood the ten nisyonos means that he actualized all his kochos, and he is therefore called ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึธึผืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื, the ultimate human being, since the essence of a human being is to bring out oneโ€™s kochos more and more, not to stagnate.

In this vein, the Maharal explains that the passuk ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐืขึธืžึธืœ ื™ื•ึผืœึธึผื“ means that an adam, who represents growth, is born for amal. A field may contain endless potential for growth, but unless someone is willing to plow and sweat and work the field and harvest, nothing will grow. Similarly, although a human possesses infinite potential, in the absence of ameilus, nothing will become of him; his human existence will be a total failure. A person was born and created for ameilus, because that is what defines a human being.

We can now understand what Chazal meant when they expounded the words ืึดื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึปืงึนึผืชึทื™ ืชึตึผืœึตื›ื•ึผ as a reference to ameilus baTorah.

When the Torah says ืชึตึผืœึตื›ื•ึผ, it implies that a person needs to progress and move past his comfort zone. How, Chazal say, do you progress and not stagnate? It must be through amal โ€” ameilus baTorah. This is the very definition of adam.

The Sfas Emes notes that the first recorded conversation in the Torah between Hakadosh Baruch Hu and Avraham Avinu is when Hashem told him, โ€œLech lecha.โ€ Why, he asks, is that the opening theme of Hashemโ€™s communication with Avraham Avinu? The answer is that the essence of a human being is to make progress and not stay in one place, so when Hashem first spoke to Avraham Avinu โ€” ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึธึผืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื โ€” the message was one of โ€œLech lecha.โ€ Indeed, there was no one in history who moved out of his comfort zone more than Avraham Avinu, because every other person after him had someone to guide him, whereas Avraham came from nowhere โ€” ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ. His was the ultimate level of progress, the epitome of moving out of oneโ€™s comfort zone, since he had no support system and no one to push or prod him. Even so, his whole essence was movement and progress, so he was the ultimate initiator. Thatโ€™s why he is โ€œAvinu.โ€

Lech lecha was the defining moment in Avraham Avinuโ€™s life. He was the ultimate mover. Similarly, all the brachos and klalos depend on whether a person is an adam or a beheimah. An adam is supposed to make progress โ€” ืชึตึผืœึตื›ื•ึผ โ€” and if thereโ€™s no movement, thereโ€™s stagnation, which is reflected in the universe around him.

R’ Yerucham writes, in this parashah, that the essence of the klalos of Bechukosai is Hashem, as it were, putting โ€œspokes in the wheelsโ€ of nature. The rain is supposed to fall, and things are meant to grow โ€” but when Hashem puts these spokes in the wheels, everything slows down, and thereโ€™s no progress. Instead of produce growing in a month or two, it takes a year or two. Instead of rain falling, say, once a month, it falls once a year. When human beings do not move โ€” ืชึตึผืœึตื›ื•ึผ โ€” then, middah kโ€™neged middah, Hakadosh Baruch Hu causes the universe to stagnate. If people just go through the motions and remain mediocre, Hakadosh Baruch Hu โ€œgoes through the motionsโ€ as well.

A Crowning Achievement

We all know the Midrash about how, before Mattan Torah, Hakadosh Baruch Hu went around to all the nations and offered them the Torah, which they refused on the grounds that ืœื ืชืจืฆื— and ืœื ืชื’ื ื‘ and ืœื ืชื ืืฃ were not for them.

We generally understand that this Midrash means that the nations refused the Torah on ideological grounds, claiming not to believe in these precepts.

The Shem MiShmuel teaches, however, that the nations were not arguing with the actual precepts; rather, they claimed that they could not step out of their comfort zones โ€” like a beheimah, bah mah. โ€œWe are who we are,โ€ they said. โ€œืœื ืชืจืฆื— and ืœื ืชื’ื ื‘ and ืœื ืชื ืืฃ are who we are. Weโ€™re stuck โ€” we canโ€™t raise the bar.โ€

But when Hakadosh Baruch Hu approached Klal Yisrael and offered them the Torah, they responded with naaseh vโ€™nishma. Rashi (Shabbos 88a) notes that they didnโ€™t even know if they could do it, yet they resolved not to be stagnant, but to up their game and move higher. So the entire kabbalas haTorah was based on Klal Yisraelโ€™s willingness to move out of their comfort zone and strive for something thatโ€™s a little above their pay grade. In response, Hakadosh Baruch Hu says to Klal Yisrael: ืืชื ืงืจื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ื โ€” you were ready to make a move and bring out your potential rather than remain mediocre.

The Gemara (ibid.) says that at the time of Mattan Torah, Klal Yisrael received two crowns, one for naaseh and one for nishma. The Sfas Emes says that a crown is worn above the head, signifying that Klal Yisrael rose above themselves when they declared naaseh v’nishma. Because they expressed their willingness to reach beyond their limitations and not be confined by them, Hakadosh Baruch Hu gave them the crown of Torah.

Gut Shabbos.

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