BamidbarMatos

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโ€l

ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”’ ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืœืืžืจ ื ืงื•ื ื ืงืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื… ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœ ื”ืขื ืœืืžืจ… ื”ื—ืœืฆื• ืžืืชื›ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฆื‘ื… ืœืชืช ื ืงืžืช ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ืŸ (ืœื, ื-ื’).
ื”ืงื‘โ€ื” ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืžืฉื” โ€ื ืงื•ื ื ืงืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€, ืืš ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ: โ€ืœืชืช ื ืงืžืช ื”’ ื‘ืžื“ื™ืŸโ€. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘โ€ื”.

ื”ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื” (ืฉื, ื’) ืžืคืจืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฆื• ื•ืฉืื™ืคืชื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื—โ€ื• ืœื ื™ื”ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”’ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืœื›ืš ืืฃ ืฉื”ืงื‘โ€ื” ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืช ืœื• ืืช ืฉื›ืจื• ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืืš ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืขืฆืžื• ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืฉื›ืจื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื’ืจื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”’ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ืขื ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.

ืœื›ืŸ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืงื‘โ€ื” ืืžืจ โ€ื ืงื•ื ื ืงืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€ ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืฉื” ื•ืืžืจ โ€ื ืงืžืช ื”’ ื‘ืžื“ื™ืŸโ€. ื”ืงื‘โ€ื” ื‘ื ืœื ืงื•ื ืืช ื ืงืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ื—ืก ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื ืฉื—ื˜ืื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื•, ืืš ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ืจืง ืขืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื ืงืžืช ื”’ ื‘ืžื“ื™ืŸ.

ื”ืจื™ ืฉืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘โ€ื”: โ€ื ืงื•ื ื ืงืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€, ื•ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœื”ืชื“ืžื•ืช ืœื”ืงื‘โ€ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ืœื–ื•ืœืชื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ื›ืš ื’ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ืคืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื ื‘ืจืื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืกื ืฉืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืื ื—โ€ื• ืžืชื—ืœืœ ืฉื ื”’ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ื•ื”ื ื”, ืืฃ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉื™ืชืจื‘ื” ื•ื™ืชื’ื“ืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”’ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื–ื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื“ื ืฉื—ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ื ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืชื™ืžืฆื™ ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื.

ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืจื™ื” ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”

ื ืœื‘”ืข ื•’ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืข”ื•

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโ€l

ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื ืกืชืœืงื” ืื‘ื ื ืฉืืจ

ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ ืฉืžืกืจ ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืจื™ื” ืคื™ื ืงืœ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืขื™ืœื™ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื‘ ืชืฉืข”ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•:

ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื””ืฉื›ื™ื ื”” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ!

ื›ืžื” ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื–ื” “ืกื™ืœื•ืง ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข”. ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืงืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื˜ืžื.

ื•ืื– ืœืคืชืข ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ืงื•ืœื• ื•ื–ืขืง: “ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื ืกืชืœืงื” ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ื ื™ืฉ !ืื ื™ ืฆื•ืขืง! ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื’ื ืืชื ืชืฆืขืงื•.” ื•ื›ืืŸ ืคืจืฅ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื›ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืงื•.

ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืžืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ื–ืขืง: “ืื‘ ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ ื›ืžื” ืžืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื›ืžื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืœืง ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื›ื–ื• ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืกืœืงืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ื ื™ืฉ! ื•ืื‘ ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ!

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืืžืจ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื• “ื™ื™ืฉืจ ื›ื—”, ื”ืคื˜ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•: “ืื ื™ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ื™ืฉืจ ื›ื—, ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืชื ื—ื ืขื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื‘ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื•: ืชืœืžื“ื• ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืื™ืชื›ื.

ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉื‘ืข ืขืœ ื–ื”!

ืžืชื•ืš ‘ืืจื™ื” ื™ืฉืื’’

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืžื˜ื•ืช ืžืกืขื™

ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™

ื‘ืืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืชืจื•”ืž ื•ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื ”ืž ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื“ื‘ืœื”ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ื•ืื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ื—ื•”ืœ ื ืชืงื“ืฉ ื•ืื ืœื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ื”ื™ ืœื ื ืชืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืข’ ืจืžื‘”ื ืค”ื ืžืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘’ ื“ื”ื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืจื•”ืž ืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื‘ืขื™ ืจืง ืฉื™ื”ื ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืœืš ืขืค”ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื•’.

ื•ืž”ืž ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ”ืž ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื•ืคืจื— ืคื™”ื ื›ืชื‘ ืœื”ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืค’ ืžืกืขื™ ื›ื‘ืฉื•, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืชืงื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ืš ื›ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืชื”. (ื•ืข’ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืžืขื“ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ืค”ื ื””ื– ืื•ืช ื’ ื‘ืฉื ื›ื•”ืค). ื•ื›”ื› ื”ื—ื–ื•”ื ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื“’ ื”’ ื‘ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘”ื ืจื™ืฉ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื“ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื™ ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™’ ื”ืจืฉื‘”ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื–’.

ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื. ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืค’ ืžืกืขื™ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื. ื•ืข’ ื—ื–ื•”ื ื’’ ื™”ื— ื ื’ื“ ืžืคื•ืช. ื•ืข”ืฉ ื ื’ื“ ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืจื™ื ื•ื›ืขื™”ื– ื‘ื—ื–ื•”ื ืฉื ืื•ืช ื™”ื˜ ื•ืœ”ื‘. (ื•ืข”ืข ื—ื–ื•”ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืื•ืช ื“’, ื•ืข”ืฉ ื“ืงืœ ืœื™ื›ืฉืœ).

 

ืื›ืŸ ืข’ ืžื›ื•ืช ื˜’ ืข”ื‘ ื“ื‘ืค’ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืฉืœืฉืช ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืจืฆืš, ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื‘ื’ืž’ ืฉื™ื”ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื›ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื›ื, ื•ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื›ื ื›ืžืฉื›ื ืœืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืžืฉื›ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ื›ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ. (ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื• ืฉื ื™’ ืข”ื ืืžืื™ ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ื™ ืœื“’ ื—ืœืงื™ื ื•ืœื ืœื•’, ื•ืชื™ืจืฆื• ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื›ื ืฉื›ื™ื—ื™ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื).

ื•ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื›ืืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื ื—ืœ ืฆื™ืŸ. ื•ื›”ื› ื‘ืžืฉื ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—”ื‘ ืขืž’ ืงื˜”ื–.

ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ื ื“ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ ื“’ ืžืื•ืช ืคืจืกื” ืขืœ ื“’ ืžืื•ืช ืคืจืกื” ื›ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื’’ ืข”ื ื•ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ื˜ื”. (ื•ืข’ ืฉืงืœ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืžื”ื’ืจื—”ืง ืค”ื” ืžืงื™ื“ื•ื””ื— ื””ื˜ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘”ื ื•ืชื•ืก’). ื•ืขื›ืฆ”ืœ ื“ืืจืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ”ื– ืข”ื, ื•ื›”ื› ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื™ืขื‘ืฅ ืกื™’ ืงื›”ื’ ื‘ืฉื ื—ืกื“ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžื“ืชื” ืœืขืจืš ืง’ ืคืจืกื” ืขืœ ืง’ ืคืจืกื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ ืžื˜”ื– ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืจืž”ืข ืžืคืื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ ืžืฉืž”ื’ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื”ืงื•ื“ื. (ื•ืข’ ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืงืจื ืค’ ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืืจืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ ื“ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงืจื ื”ื™ ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” “ื•ืจื—ื‘ื”” ื‘ืค’ ืฉืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื”ืž”ื–. ื•ื‘ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืค’ ืจืื”, ื›ื™ ื™ืจื—ื™ื‘).

ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ื“ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื”, ื•ืจืื™ื” ืžื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ื”ืจ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืก’ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื›ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื›ื”ื™ื•ื ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื•ื ืงื ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื–ืงืช, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื–ื›ืจ ืžืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ืœืœ ืืฃ ืฉืฉืืจ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื ืฉืืจื•. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืจ”ื” ื›”ื’ ืข”ื‘ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ ื•ื‘ื‘ืœ ืฉืžืฉื™ืื™ื ืฉื ืžืฉื•ืื•ืช ื•ืคืจื™ืš ื•ื”ื ื”ืื™ื“ื ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื ื”ื•ื• ืืžืจ ืื‘ื™ื™ ืืกืชืชื•ืžื™ ืืกืชืชื•ื ื“ืจื›ื™, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื” ื ืชืจื—ื‘ื•. (ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ืค’ ื•ื™ืฉืœื— ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืœืคืจืฉ ื›ื‘ืจืช ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืขืค”ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื””ื– ืžืงื‘ืจ ืจื—ืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืงืฉื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื ืฆื˜ืžืฆื ื”ืžืจื—ืง).

ื•ื“ื—ื• ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืก’ ื‘ื‘”ืž ืฉื ื“ืฃ ื›”ื— ืฉื”ืงืฉื• ื“ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืžื”ืœืš ื˜”ื• ื™ื•ื ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช ื•ืชื™’ ื“ืขื ืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืขืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื“’ ืžืื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›”ื›. ื•ืœืคื™”ื– ื’ื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื‘ื’ืž’ ื•ืฉืœืฉืช ืœื ืงืื™ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืืœื ืขืœ ืกื•ืฃ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘.

ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืคื™”ื ืžืงื™ื“ื•ื””ื— ื”ื™”ื– ื“ื”ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืขืœื” ืœ’ ืขื“ ืœ”ื”, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืžืขืœ ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืื™ืœืช, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ื“ืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืื™ืœืช ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืงืจื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื•ื ืกื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ืืœืžื ื“ืžืกื•ืฃ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘. ื•ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื›ื’ ืขื›”ืค ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื“ืชื™ื›ืฃ ื“ืจื•ื ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืฉื ืื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื™. ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื™ืจื“ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื”ื ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื”ื™ื” ืœ”ื• ืง”ืž ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช. ื•ืžืฉื ื ืกื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ. ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸย  ืžืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื•ื™ื ื‘ืฉืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื›ืž”ืœ.

ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืชื”

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Binyomin Finkel Shlita

ื ืชื›ื ืกื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื, ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคื›ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ, ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืฉ, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืคื™ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ืขืจื›ื•, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื•ื›”ื› ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืœืžืขืฉื” ืงืฉื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื›”ืฉ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘, (ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืฉื›”ื› ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื–ื” ื›”ื› ืžืขืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืื– ื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืข”ื– ื‘ืชืฉืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื).

ืž”ืž ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื–ื”ื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื™”ืช, ืื– ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.

ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉ”ืข ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงื ”ื“ ืกื›”ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืชื”, ื•ื‘ืžื ืฉ”ื‘ ืฉื ื•ื›ื“ืื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื›”ืค ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื•ืข”ื› ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœืชื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ื’ ืงืฆืช ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฆื•ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืืžืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืืžื ื ืœื ื•ื— ืงืฆืช, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช.

ื•ืข”ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื™ื”ื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื”, ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืข”ื™ ืฉืื“ื ื™ืจืื” ื•ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืงื“ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœ”ืข, ืžืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ ื—”ื•, ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžื–ืขื–ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›”ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ ืœืฆืขืจื ื•.
ืงืœื ื™ ืžืจืืฉื™ – ืฆืขืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
ื™ืฉ ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜, ื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœืชืืจ, ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืจืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืžื” ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืงื‘”ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื, ื›ืžื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœ”ืข ืฉื’ื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืืฉื” ืื• ื™ืœื“ ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืชื—, ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ืš ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื™, ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ืคืชืื•ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื‘ ืงืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื, ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืžื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื–ื” ืžืงืคื™ืฅ ืื•ืชื•, ื™ืฉ ื›”ื› ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื.

ืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืืกื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ, ืฉื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื›”ื› ื–ืขื–ืขื” ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืš ืœื ืฉื•ื, ืจืง ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืื—”ื› ื ืžืก ื•ื ืฉื›ื—, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื ืืฆืœื ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ื›ืœื•ื, ื•ืจืง ื”ื—ืกืจ ื•ื”ื”ืžืฉืš ื–ื” ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื‘ื‘ื™ื””ื– ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืžืฆื, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืžื” ื›ื•ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจืœื™ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื””ื™, ื•ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื–ื” ืฆืขืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”.

ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ื–”ืœ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืžื ืฉืœ ืจืฉืขื™ื ืฉื ืฉืคืš ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืงืœื ื™ ืžืจืืฉื™ โ€“ ืง”ื• ืฉื“ืžื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื ืฉืคืš, ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืฉ ืฆืขืจ ืœืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ืื ืื“ื ืงืฆืช ืžืฉืชื™ื™ืš ืœืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืืœื• ื•ืœื ืื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื•ื›ื•ืื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ืื‘ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื•.

ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืื™ื›ื”, ื ื—ืคืฉื” ื“ืจื›ื ื• ื•ื ื—ืงื•ืจื” ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขื“ ื”’, ืื ื ื—ืคืฉ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืข ืขื“ ื”’, ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžื’ืขืช ืขื“ ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื”’ ืืœื•ืงื™ืš.

ื•ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ืช”ื‘ ืื ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ื”ืž”ืง, ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื ืœืคืฉืคืฉ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืชื•ื•ื“ื• ืืช ืขื•ื•ื ื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืฉื ื™ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ, ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ”ื‘ ืกื™’ ืชืงืž”ื˜ ื›ืชื•ื‘: ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืืจืขื• ื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื ื• ื”ืจืขื™ื ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขืชื”, ืขื“ ืฉื’ืจื ืœื”ื ื•ืœื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืชื•ื•ื“ื• ืืช ืขื•ื•ื ื ื•ืืช ืขื•ื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืชื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืœืฉื•ื ืืœ ืœื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืคืฉืคืฉ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื•ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ ื ื™ื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื™ืจื ื”’ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื•ืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ ืืช ืฉืงื ื•ืืช ืชืขื ื™ืชื ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืืœื ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืชืขื ื™ืช ืืœื ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืœื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืฉื”ื ืžืชืขื ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืชืคืฉื• ื”ื˜ืคืœ ื•ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ื™ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช.

ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื™ื™ืš ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื•, ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื•ืจ ื™ืชืžื™ ื“ื™ืชืžื™, ื“ื•ืจ ืขืงื‘ืชื ื“ืžืฉื™ื—ื, ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืขืงื‘ืชื ื–ื” ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืงื‘, ื•ื”ืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืขืงื‘ืชื ื“ืžืฉื™ื—ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›”ื›, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช.

ื•ืžืฉืœ ืœืื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ื ืคื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ืฉื ืฉืืจื” ื›ื‘ืชื•ืœื” ื—ื’ื•ืจืช ืฉืง, ื•ื‘ืŸ ื™ืชื•ื ื™ืœื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชืื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืžืฉื—ืง, ื•ื”ืืžืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืขืงื‘ืชื ื“ืžืฉื™ื—ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื” ื—ืกืจ ืœื”ื.

ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื‘ืช”ื‘ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื—ืžื” ืจืง ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›”ื ื’ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ื” ื•ื›ื•’, ื›ื™ ื ื™ื—ื ื”’ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•’, ืœื ื’ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืข, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ืืฉื™ื, ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ ืขื ืงืจื‘ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ื, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืื™ืชื ื• ืœื ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•.

ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ื“ื ื—ืžืชื ืžืช”ื‘ ืขื“ ืจ”ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื ื—ื ืื•ืชื ื•, ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ื ื—ืžื• ื ื—ืžื• ืขืžื™, ืขื“ ืฉื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืฉ ืืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”’, ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื ื• ื ื—ืžื”, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.

ื•ืขืฆื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืงืž”ืœ, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉ”ืก ืžื” ื’ืจื ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืžื” ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉื ื ืฉืœืฉื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ื.
ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืขืœ ืขื–ื‘ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื™
ื‘ื’ืž’ ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ืžื•ื‘ื: ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื—ืจื‘ ืžืคื ื™ ื’’ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืข”ื– ื•ื’ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื—ืจื‘ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืช ื—ื ื ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉืฉืงื•ืœื” ืฉื ืืช ื—ื ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืœืฉ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืข”ื– ื’ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื (ื˜, ื‘).

ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ืž’ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื: ืžื™ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื—ื›ื ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื–ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืฉืืœ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืœื ืคื™ืจืฉื•ื”ื• ืขื“ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืขืœ ืขื–ื‘ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื™ ื•ื’ื•’ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืงื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืชื—ื™ืœื” (ืคื ื).

ื•ื‘ืื™ื›”ืจ: ื•ื•ื™ืชืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื•ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืชืจ, ื”ืจื™ ืงื™”ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ื•ืชืจืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจื• ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืืœื ื”ืคืฉื˜ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืคืงืจื•ืช ืืœื ื•ื•ื™ืชืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืืจื™ืš ืืฃ, ืฉืžื ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘, ื™ืฉ ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘.

ื•ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ”ืŸ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืžื™ืจื ื–ื•: ื“ื‘ืจย ื–ื” ื ืฉืืœ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืœื ืคืจืฉื•ื”ื•. ืžื“ื›ืชื™’ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืขืœ ืขื–ื‘ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื™ ืžื›ืœืœ ื“ืœื™ื›ื ื“ื™ื“ืข ืœื”ื“ื•ืจื™ ื˜ืขืžื ืืœื ืงื•ื“ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœื—ื•ื“ ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืกืชืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื””ืจ ื™ื•ื ื” ื–”ืœ ื“ืงืจื ื”ื›ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืง ื“ืขืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืื‘ื“ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื“ืื ืื™ืชื ืขืœ ืขื–ื‘ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื™ ื›ืคืฉื˜ื ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื›ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœืžื” ืœื ืคืจืฉื•ื”ื• ื•ื”ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื•ืงืœ ืœืคืจืฉ, ืืœื ื•ื“ืื™ ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืชืžื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืื‘ื“ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ืขื“ ืฉืคืจืฉื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืขืžืงื™ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืชื—ืœื” ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›”ื› ืฉื™ื”ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื” ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืชื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ื” ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ื•ืœืฉืžื”.

ย 
ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื
ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืคืขื ืขืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ ื–ืฆ”ืœ, (ืฉื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื•, ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื’ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืœื˜, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื•ื—ืกื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื›ื”, ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืคืขื ืื‘ืจืš ืื—ื“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื—ื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืžื”, ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืคืš ื›”ื› ื”ืจื‘ื” ื’ืžืจื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉ”ืก ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื—ืœื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ื ืฉื‘ืจ, ืงืฉื” ืœื•, ื—ื‘ืœ ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืงื™ืข ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื›ืคื™ ื›ื•ื—ื•).

ื•ืคืขื ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืช”ื‘ ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืืกื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืช”ื‘ ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื–ื” ื›”ื› ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืฉืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื•ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื“ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ, ืื– ืื ื™ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื—ืœืงื™, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืขืžืœื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืงืฆืช ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ, ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืœื ื‘ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชืงืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ื•ืžืชื™ ืœื, ื•ืขื›”ืค ื”ื•ื ืžื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื•ื“, ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื’ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืกืชืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™.

ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื“ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืงืฆืช ืœื”ืชืจืขื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ื”ืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ, ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืืฉื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื›ื“’, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœืขืœื™ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช
ืžืจืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืื‘ืจืžืกืงื™ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืืžืจ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืžื–ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืฆืงืœ’ ืืžืจ ืฉื›ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืž”ื“ ืื—ืจ ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืฉื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืžืกื›ืช ืื—ืจืช ื’”ื› ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืกื›ืช ืื—ืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืชื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื, ื•ืื™ืคื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื, ื•ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื, ื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ืจ ื–ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ื ื•ื’ืข ื›ื™ ืื‘ืจืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”, ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืขืฆื•ื ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›”ื– ื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื””ื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”.

ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื’ืŸ, ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืคืขื ื”ื•ื ื ืกืข ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืื—ืจืช.

ืคืขื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื” ืžืœืื”, ืืžืจืชื™, ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื• ื•ื ื•ืฉืขื ื•, ืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืฉืžืชืจืขื ืŸ ืงืฆืช ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ื ืคืฉ, ื–ื” ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื’ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื›ืจ.

ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ื— ืœืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื• ืื•ืชื” ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื’ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš.

ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื””ื– ืœื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืช”ื‘, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื ืชืงื ื” ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื ื™ื, ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื–ื”.
ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช
ื”ื™ื” ืคืขื ืื™ื–ื” ืขืฆื” ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืชื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ืขื ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืœื ืœื—ื ืš ืืช ื”ืื— ื”ืงื˜ืŸ, ืืœื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชื•, ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื• ืžื” ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ื–ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืœื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืฆืข, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื ื™ืœื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื™ื•ื ืœืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ืœื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœื•ืžื“ ืžืกื›ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืžื—, ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื•ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆืืช ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืคื•ืงืคืงื™ื.

ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืฉื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืืชืจื™ื ื•ื ื•ืคืฉื™ื, ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ื‘, ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ ืื‘ื ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื”, ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื”, ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืžืœืื›ื™ ื•ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœื—ื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื—ื ื”, ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื˜ืฉืขื‘ื™ืŸ, ืžืจื—ื•ื‘ ืžืœืื›ื™ ืขื“ ื—ื ื”, ื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืจืฉื” ืขื ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ืฉืžื—ื ื•, ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื•, ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื— ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืžืืžืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ, ื•ื‘ืช”ื‘ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจืง ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืชื, ืืš ื‘ืชืฉืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ื“ื ื—ืžืชื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืกืคืจ ืžื—ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืœืงื˜ ืžืืžืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื™ืจืื• ื”ื™ืžื™ืย  ื›ืฉืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืœืงื‘ืœ ืงืฆืช ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืคืจืง ื”ื—ืœื™ืœ, ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื‘ื”, ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื”, ืื™ื–ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ื–ื•ื”ืจ.

ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื•ื™ืจืื• ื‘ืฉืžื—ืชื”, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘ ื ืขืฉื” ืœื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื—ืช ืจื•ื—.

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืข”ื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื

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Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager Shlita

The Centerpiece of Life

Parashas Mattos

Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager shlita

Right after the war with Midyan, as Klal Yisrael is about to approach Eretz Yisrael, Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven approach Moshe Rabbeinu and ask to receive their portion of land in Eiver Hayarden, instead of in Eretz Yisrael proper, since they owned a lot of livestock and the grazing land in Eiver Hayarden was therefore suited to them.

Moshe Rabbeinu responds with a lengthy mussar shmuess that continues for about ten pesukim, in which he criticizes them strongly for seeking to follow the path of the meraglim and accuses them of wanting to settle outside of Eretz Yisrael โ€” in an area that a Midrash says is akin to chutz laaretz โ€” out of a seeming lack of love for the Land

Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven then assure Moshe Rabbeinu that they never intended not to join Klal Yisrael in the conquest of Eretz Yisrael, and that they would certainly participate in that war, after which they would wait in Eretz Yisrael with the rest of Klal Yisrael until the land would be divided among the shevatim, and then they would return to take their nachalah in Eiver Hayarden.

A few things need to be clarified. First of all, we know that Eiver Hayarden has the status of Eretz Yisrael in many respects, as the Ran teaches (Nedarim 24). The omer may be brought from there, and there is an opinion that bikkurim can be brought from there as well. Why, then, did Moshe Rabbeinu say that this region is like chutz laaretz?

Furthermore, in this lengthy dialogue between Moshe Rabbeinu and Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven, did he misunderstand them? It was quite clear afterwards that they never intended to desert Klal Yisrael or lower morale as the nation entered Eretz Yisrael; they were planning to join the rest of Klal Yisrael in their conquest. So did Moshe Rabbeinu misunderstand them? And if he did, why didnโ€™t they interrupt him right away and explain themselves, rather than waiting until he finished?

Apparently, there was some sort of idealistic argument between Moshe Rabbeinu and Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven. Perhaps we can explain it as follows.

Primary and Secondary

Rav Dessler (Michtav Meiโ€™Eliyahu vol. 2) notes that Hakadosh Baruch Hu assigns a unique tafkid to every individual and every shevet. Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven had a lot of livestock, and the sefarim hakedoshim teach that they were not supposed to be part of Shevet Levi and be among those whose fixed place was the beis midrash. There are those in Klal Yisrael who are set aside for an avodah of ruchniyus: in the Beis Hamikdash, in the beis midrash, in the beis haknesses. The avodah of Bnei Gad and Reuven was to build the physical world and engage in business pursuits. They were to be similar to Zevulun, which is a very important tafkid.

The passuk (Yeshayah 43:7) says: ื›ึนึผืœ ื”ึทื ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ื‘ึดืฉึฐืืžึดื™ ื•ึฐืœึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ึดื™ ื‘ึฐึผืจึธืืชึดื™ื• ื™ึฐืฆึทืจึฐืชึดึผื™ื• ืึทืฃ ืขึฒืฉึดื‚ื™ืชึดื™ื• โ€” Hakadosh Baruch Hu created the entire world to be a source of kevod Shomayim. That means that the supremacy of Hashem and the sovereignty of Torah are supposed to be spread across every aspect of this world. The fields and livestock of those days โ€” the business world and stock market of our time โ€” were supposed to be part of the life of a Yid dedicated to Hakadosh Baruch Hu. Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven were charged with building this aspect of the world, elevating it and including even the parts of the world outside the Beis Hamikdash in avodas Hashem; avodas Hashem exists there just as it does in the beis midrash.

Because this was the avodah of Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven, they requested Eiver Hayarden as their nachalah. What, then, was Moshe Rabbeinuโ€™s criticism of them? Did he not understand them?

Moshe Rabbeinuโ€™s complaint against them, as the Midrash goes on to explain, is that they were turning the tafel into an ikar and the ikar into a tafel.

The passuk states: ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึดึผื™ืžึดื™ื ึธื”ึผ ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐื‚ืžึนืื•ืœึธื”ึผ ืขึนืฉึถืืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธื‘ื•ึนื“, and this conveys that although Torah encompasses ืขึนืฉึถืืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธื‘ื•ึนื“, thatโ€™s only when itโ€™s on the left, meaning secondary. Moshe Rabbeinu was expressing to them that they placed their material pursuits first, when those pursuits are supposed to be secondary. True, they are meant to be included in the rubric of avodas Hashem and kiddush Shem Shomayim, but you need to prioritize and establish what is your ikar and what is your tafel.

The Gemara (Berachos 35) teaches that even baalei batim should make their business arai and Torah their ikar. The mistake of Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven, then, was in a very subtle point. Of course they understood that ruchniyus โ€” the kedushah found in Eretz Yisrael โ€” is the ikar, but they said, โ€œFirst weโ€™ll establish our settlement, and we know intellectually that we also eventually have to join you in Eretz Yisrael.โ€

But Moshe Rabbeinu said, โ€œNo! Itโ€™s not enough to include matters of ruchniyus also when youโ€™re dealing with matters of this world โ€” you have to make ruchniyus primary and matters of Olam Hazeh secondary.โ€ In this vein, Rashi (Shabbos 31) explains that a person needs to establish set times for Torah study because otherwise his entire day will be dragged into mundane matters: ืœืคื™ ืฉืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื™ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ.

Anyone whoโ€™s involved in the world of commerce, outside the beis midrash, can attest that it pulls a person in. If you donโ€™t go out of your way to put ruchniyus first and make kedushah the ikar, youโ€™re going to be dragged down, and you wonโ€™t be able to remain truly loyal to Torah and make it the focus of your life, around which everything else revolves.

This is the lesson that Moshe Rabbeinu was conveying to Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven: First, settle in Eretz Yisrael, and go out of your way to establish that is your ikar, and only then can you create an extension in Eiver Hayarden.

Parenthetically, we see later on that a person who gets distracted and reverses the tafel and the ikar not only does this in the realm of ruchniyus versus gashmiyus, but also loses his priorities in other areas. Moshe Rabbeinu later criticizes Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven for caring more about their livestock than about their children, which is a common pitfall. People who lose their sense of priorities not only place their material pursuits before Hashemโ€™s Will and His Torah and mitzvos, they often make the mistake of placing their business before their family life.

Eiver Hayarden is Contingent

The Rashash, citing the Midrash here as well as other sources, notes the seemingly contradictory messages regarding the status of Eiver Hayarden. For instance, in one place we are taught that the omer may be brought from Eiver Hayarden because it is considered Eretz Yisrael. But the Gemara (Rosh Hashanah 13) says that the first year when Klal Yisrael entered Eretz Yisrael, they didnโ€™t have from where to bring the omer. The mefarshim wonder: why couldnโ€™t they bring it from Eiver Hayarden, if Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven were already settled there?

The Rashash offers a chiddush, saying that the kedushah of Eiver Hayarden was akin to that of Eretz Yisrael. In other words, if I can interpret what the Rashash is saying, the kedushas Eretz Yisrael of Eiver Hayarden was very specific; it wasnโ€™t inherently holy like Eretz Yisrael, but was merely an extension of the Land. Only after Klal Yisrael settled Eretz Yisrael could it be extended to Eiver Hayarden, which then took on the kedushah of Eretz Yisrael.

Although Eiver Hayarden was destined specifically for the avodah of Bnei Gad and Reuven, which is like that of Zevulun, that was only as an extension โ€” the ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐื‚ืžึนืื•ืœึธื”ึผ ืขึนืฉึถืืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธื‘ื•ึนื“ that comes after the ืึนืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึดึผื™ืžึดื™ื ึธื”ึผ has been established. Once you are properly centered, with your primary focus on Torah and mitzvos, then you can extend to matters of Olam Hazeh.

This is what Moshe Rabbeinu was telling the Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven. When youโ€™re in Eiver Hayarden now, itโ€™s still chutz laaretz; as long as you make it primary, it remains mundane.

In Maseches Succah, we learn about ืคืกืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื›ื”: If you have a kosher succah, you can extend it and add a wing, so to speak, so that even it doesnโ€™t have all the conditions of a succah, it becomes part of the succah nonetheless. Moshe Rabbeinu was telling the Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven that Eiver Hayarden is like ืคืกืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื›ื”. โ€œI have no problem if you want to settle in Eiver Hayarden,โ€ Moshe was saying, โ€œbut first you have to go out of your way to join Klal Yisrael in Eretz Yisrael. How can you make plans and talk about settling in Eiver Hayarden before that? First, you have to go out of your way to establish your ikar so that this remains a tafel.โ€

A Function of Quality, Not Quantity

Ikar and tafel are not necessarily expressed in the quantity of time a person devotes to each one; often, those who are engaged in earning a living cannot spend the same amount of hours in spiritual pursuits as they do in their work. Rather, itโ€™s a matter of where your heart lies, where your value system is, where you are anchored. And the only way to establish Torah and mitzvos as primary is to ensure that it is not an afterthought.

A person canโ€™t work the whole day and then โ€œredeemโ€ his workday by giving a little tzedakah or โ€œpayingโ€ a half-hour seder. Thatโ€™s not going to make his business his tafel. His involvement in Torah and mitzvos has to be the centerpiece of his life. Then, the whole dimension of his work is transformed: Even when heโ€™s working, heโ€™s mekadesh Shem Shomayim.

In this sense, the Zevuluns of the world merit to accomplish things that no yungerman โ€” even Rav Chaim Kanievsky! โ€” could ever do. Rav Chaim Kanievsky ztโ€l was never able to be mekadesh Shem Shomayim from a business office; itโ€™s a different type of avodah. But in order to engage in that avodah, you have to go out of your way to establish your connection to Torah and mitzvos as your yemin, your primary pursuit.

This was the message that Moshe Rabbeinu conveyed to Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven.

This idea can help us understand why, in Shas, Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven are synonymous with tenaโ€™im. Why did the tnai Moshe Rabbeinu made with them become the prototype for all tenaโ€™im? Perhaps it is because the very idea of a tnai is expressed in the avodah of Bnei Gad and Bnei Reuven and their modern-day counterparts. They are expected to spend most of their waking hours outside the beis midrash, away from places of pure spirituality, but their business pursuits depend on a tnai: they are wholly contingent on keeping their connection to Torah and mitzvos primary. Once that connection is established, everything can be included in their avodas Hashem: the business office, the swimming pool, even the golf course. There are so many parts of the world that can be included in the kedushah of Eretz Yisrael and the Beis Hamikdash. We just have to learn Moshe Rabbeinuโ€™s lesson and make sure to establish what is the ikar and what is tafel, so we can properly fulfill Hakadosh Baruch Huโ€™s purpose for this world: ื›ึนึผืœ ื”ึทื ึดึผืงึฐืจึธื ื‘ึดืฉึฐืืžึดื™ ื•ึฐืœึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ึดื™ ื‘ึฐึผืจึธืืชึดื™ื• ื™ึฐืฆึทืจึฐืชึดึผื™ื• ืึทืฃ ืขึฒืฉึดื‚ื™ืชึดื™ื•.

Gut Shabbos.

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