DevarimEkev

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Sar haTorah Hagaon Harav Chaim Shmulevitz, ztโ€l

ื•ืืžืจืช ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื›ื—ื™ ื•ืขืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืœ ื”ื–ื” (ื—,ื™ื–)
ื‘ื™ืืจ ืžืจืŸ ืจื””ื™ ืฉื””ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”: ืœืขื•ืœื ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ื›ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื”. ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื•, ืืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ื”ื™”ืช. ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ “ื›ื—ื™ ื•ืขื•ืฆื ื™ื“ื™”, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืš.

ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื–”ืœ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•:) “ื™ื’ืขืชื™ ื•ืžืฆืืชื™”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื™ื’ื™ืขืช ื”ืื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื’ืชื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช “ืžืฆื™ืื”” ืฉื‘ืื” ื‘ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช, ืฉื›ืจ ื–ื™ื›ื• ืœื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื’ื™ืขืชื•. ื•ื›ืžืฉ”ื ืจ’ ื ื—ื•ื ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื”ืงื ื” “ืื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื›ื•'”, ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ ื•ืงื ื” ื”ืื“ื, ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืขืžืœ ื•ื”ื™ื’ื™ืขื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืฆืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ืช ืฉืžื™ื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืคืงื•ื“ื™ ื™ื): ื”ืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืžืฉื”, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ืžื™ืฆืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืขืฉื™ื” ื•ืœื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืื•ืชืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื•ื’ื•’ ื•ืื™ื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืœื• ื”ืงืžื” ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš ืฉื ืืžืจ ‘ื•ื™ืงื ืžืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ'”. ื•ืฆ”ื‘: ืื™ื–ื” ืชื ื—ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืœืžืฉื”, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงื™ืžื• ื•ืจืง ืขืกืง ื‘ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ืžื• ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื• ืงื, ื ืžืฆื ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ืืš ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื•ืืจ, ืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืื“ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช, ื”ืื“ื ืจืง ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื. ื”ื› ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืื” ืžื”ื™”ืช. ื’ื ืžืฉื” ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืื” ืœืคื™ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉื ืงืจืืช ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•.

ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืื“ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืŸ ืžื”ื™”ืช. ืข”ื› ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื ืื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื, ื•ืื– ื™ื–ื›ื” ืฉืชืฆื ืžื”ื ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืจืฆื™ืช. ืืš ืืœ ืœื• ืœืื“ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืขืฆืžื.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโ€l

ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ืืช ื”’ ืืœืงื™ืš
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืœื•ืคื˜ ืฉืœื™ื˜ืดื: ื—ื“ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืคื•ื ื™ื‘ื–’ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ. ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื•ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื” ืคื•ืกืข ืžื“ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ื“ืจื•, ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžืืœ.

ื•ื”ื ื”, ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื”ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ืฉืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขื•ืฆืจ ืžื”ืœื™ื›ืชื•, ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืชืžื”ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื•ืขืงื‘ืชื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•.

ื›ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืืžืจ ืžืจืŸ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”: ืดื”ื ื”, ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ’ – ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ. ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ืขืจื•ื›ื™ื, ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื“ืจื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื”ื, ื”ืžื–ืœื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ื”ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฆืžื•?! ืžืื™ืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืชืขื•ืคืคื• ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช, ื”ืกืชื“ืจื• ื”ื›ื•ืกื•ืช, ื•ื”ืชืžืงืžื• ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื–ืœื’ื•ืช?! – ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ื’ืขื•ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืŸ, ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืกื™ื“ืจื.

ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื”ื ื”ืกืชื“ืจื• ืžืขืฆืžื, ืืœื ื’ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื? โ€“ ื–ื• ืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช!

ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืš ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช, ืืœื ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžืœื•ืื•?!

ื”ืœื ื’ื ื‘ืœื ืœืจืื•ืชื, ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืžืกื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืžืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื. ื•ืื™ืš ืœื ื ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื•ืจื ืœืขื•ืœื, ืฉื™ืฆืจ ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžืœื•ืื•!ืด…

ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ื‘)

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ืขืงื‘

ืžื–ื•ื–ื”

ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื–ื” ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื ืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืชื•ืžื” ืื‘ืœ ืื ื›ืชื‘ ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื›ืฉืจื” ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื” ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืžืขื›ื‘ ื•ื”ืง’ ื”ื‘”ื™ ื“ื’ื ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื ื™ืžื ืื ื›ืชื‘ ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื›ืฉืจื” ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื” ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืžืง ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจื™”ื– ื“ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื–ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื›ืชื‘ืชื ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ื–ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืืžืจื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื’ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ืคืจืฉื” ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื” ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

(ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืชื•ืก’ ืจื™”ื“ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืž”ื” ืข”ื‘ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื–ื•ื–ื” ืืฃ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ื•ื–ื”, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืคืกื•ืœื•ืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืก”ืช, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉื• ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืขืค”ื™ ืขืžืง ื‘ืจื›ื” ื“ืžื–ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืžืฉื”ื› ืชืคืœื™ืŸ.

ืืš ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื”ื’ืจื™”ื– ื‘ืก’ ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื•ื‘ืค’ ื•ืืชื—ื ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืคื›ื ืžื”ืขืžืง ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืฉืžื•, ื•ืคื™’ ื˜ืขื ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื“ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ื ืืžืจื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ืคืจืฉื” ื™ื”ื ื›ืฉืจ ื‘ืก”ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื“ื™ืŸ ืกืชื•ืžื” ืžืขื›ื‘ ื‘ืก”ืช ืžืžื™ืœื ื””ื” ื‘ืชืคืœื™ืŸ ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื” ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืคื•ื›ื•.

(ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืื—ืœืช ืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืคื™ืฆืจ ืฉืœื™ื˜”ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื“ื•ื‘ ื ”ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื•).

ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื - ืื™ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘

Moreinu Hagaon Harav Yitzchok Ezrachi Shlita

ืื™ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘

ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™”ื ื™”ื’) “ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื ืฉืžืข ืชืฉืžืขื• ืืœ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ ืืฉืจ ืื ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ืืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืื”ื‘ื” ืืช ื”’ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื ื• ืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘, ื•ืื™ืชื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืž”ื) “ื“”ื ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ื–ื• ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื–ื• ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื• ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืช”ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื“ืš, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื ืžื” ืช”ืœ ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ื›ื ื–ื• ืชืคื™ืœื”” ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื• ื–ื” ืข”ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื•.

ื•ื‘ืคืจืฉืชืŸ ื›ืชื™’ ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ‘ืฉืžื™ืจื”’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”’, ื›ืชื™’ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–’ ื™”ื‘) “ื•ื”ื™ื” ืขืงื‘ ืชืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื•ืฉืžืจืชื ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื ืืชื ื•ืฉืžืจ ื”’ ืืœืงื™ืš ืœืš ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ืืฉืจ ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœืื‘ืชื™ืš”, ื•ืœืงืžืŸ (ื—’ ื’) “ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืฉืจ ืื ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืชืฉืžืจื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื—ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ื™ืชื ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ืฉื “ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ืชืš ืœื ืกืชืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื”ืชืฉืžืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืื ืœื”, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื (ื•’) “ื•ืฉืžืจืช ืืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื”’ ืืœืงื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืœื™ืจืื” ืืชื•”, ื•ืœืง’ (ื—’ ื™”ื) “ื”ืฉืžืจ ืœืš ืคืŸ ืชืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”’ ืืœืงื™ืš ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉืžืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื•” ื•ื›ื•’.

ื”ื ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื ืืžืจื”.

ื•ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ‘ืฉืžื™ืจื”’, ื”ื ื” ืžืจื ื ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืœื‘ืืจ (ืขื””ืช ืค’ ื™ืชืจื•) ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ‘ื•ืฉืžืจืชื ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืชื™’ ื•ื–”ืœ “ื”ื ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื“ื ืืžืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืจื”, ื›ืืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื•ืฉืžืจืชื ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืชื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืžืจ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื‘ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืžื• ื“ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื“ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืคืกืœื™ืŸ ืจืง ืื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื ื˜ืžืื• ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื ืฉื ื˜ืžืื• ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ื˜ื”ืจื” ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื”, ืžืฉื”ื› ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื ืคืกืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ืืข”ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืž”ืž ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืœื ืฉืžืจื ื•ื”ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืฉืžื™ืจืชื ื ืคืกืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ื ืคืงื ืœืŸ ืžืงืจื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืฉืžืจืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืชื™ ื“ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื•ืœื ืžื”ื ื™ ืžื” ื“ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื”ื ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื”ืื“ื ืœืฉื•ืžืจื ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื•ืžืฉืžื™ืจืชื• ื ืคืกืœ ื•ืืข”ื’ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื•ื ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ื ื–ื”ืจ ืœื”ืฉืžืจ ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื ืคืกืœ” ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืœื ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื›ืœืœ.

ื”ืžืชืคืœืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื•

ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื ืืœ ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ืกื™ื—ื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืขื™ืงืจื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ืจื’ืข ื”ื•ื ืืžื•ืจ, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื‘ื• ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื• ื‘ื”’ ื•ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื• ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื‘ื• ื•ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื• ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื. ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื–ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื• ื•ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ย  ื–ื” ืจืง ืข”ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ื›ืœืœ.

ื•ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืข”ื” ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื—ื–”ืœ ืœืขื™’ ื“ืื™’ ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (ื•ื™ืœืš ืจืžื– ืชืชืง”ืž) “ื”ืจืฃ ืžืžื ื™ ื•ืืฉืžื™ื“ื ืžื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืชืžืŸ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืกืœื—ืชื™ ื›ื“ื‘ืจืš, ืื ื™ ืฉืœื ื—ื˜ืืชื™ ืžื ืขื•ืจื™ ืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื™, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉืงืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืžื™ื“ ืงืฆืฃ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ืฉืžื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื ืก ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืชื‘ื™ืื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืŸ ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืขืœื™, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื” ืžืฉื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืœื™ื• ื’ื–ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื“ ืขื•ื’ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื””. ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื, ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• (ื‘ื“ืง ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืง) ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ื ืชืคืœืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™ [ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื”] ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืžืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื ืขื ืฉ, ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืจื™ื (ืจื™ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื•ืืชื—ื ืŸ) ืคื™’ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื–ื” “ื•ืืชื—ื ืŸ, ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื ืชื™ืจืื•ื, ื—ื–ืงืชื™ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืจื—ื ืขืœื™” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืขื˜ ื“ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžืจืข”ื” ื•ืœื ื ืชืคืœืœ ื›ืคื™ ื“ืจื’ืชื• ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.

ืืš ืž”ืž ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ื™ืืš ื–ื” ืฉ’ืœื ื ืชืคืœืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืืš ืœื”ืืžื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกืžื•ืš ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืžืฅ ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื’ืชื•.

ืžื‘ืขื” ื–ื” ืื“ื – ืžื‘ืงืฉ ย 

ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ื‘ืžืง”ื ืžืื—ื–”ืœ ื•ืžื™ื ื” ืขื“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืคืœืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ื— ื“ืขืช ื›ืœืœ, ื“ื”ื ื” ื‘ื‘”ืง (ื’’ ืข”ื‘) “ืžืื™ ืžื‘ืขื” ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืžื‘ืขื” ื–ื” ืื“ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืืžืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืชื ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื’ื ืœื™ืœื” ืื ืชื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•” ื•ืคืจืฉ”ื™ “ืืžืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืชื ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืœื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืจืฉืขื™ื ืื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ืžื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื™ื• ืืœืžื ื‘ืื“ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื•” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื” ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ืœืœ ืœืื“ื ื”ืžื–ื™ืง, ื•ื”ื™ืืš ืกืžื›ื• ื–ื”ื–. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ื“ื”ื ืงื™”ืœ (ื‘ื‘”ืง ื›”ื• ืข”ื) “ืื“ื ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื’ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื–ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืŸ” ื•ื‘ื’ืž’ “ืžื””ืž ืืžืจ ื—ื–ืงื™ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื” ืืžืจ ืงืจื ืคืฆืข ืชื—ืช ืคืฆืข ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื’ื’ ื›ืžื–ื™ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ืก ื›ืจืฆื•ืŸ” ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจ’ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืžื” ืืฉื ื”ืื™ ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืื•ื ืก ืื–ื™ืง, ื•ื”ื ื” ื™ื‘ื•ืืจ ื–ื” ืฉืื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืงื•ื ื• ื•ืžืชืคืœืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœื• ื”ื”ื™ื–ืง ืืฃ ื‘ืื•ื ืก, ื”ื› ืฉืคื™ืจ ื”ื ื“ืกืžื›ื• ืžื‘ืขื” ื“ืื“ื ื”ืžื–ื™ืง ืืœื™ืฉื ื ื“ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืฉืฉืžืข ื”ื’ืจ”ืฉ ื•ื•ืœื‘ื” ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื– ื”ื ”ืœ ืฉืžื— ื‘ื”ื.

ืื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ืžื—ืฉื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ (ื™ืœืงื•”ืฉ ืชื”ืœื™ื ืจืžื– ืชืชืž”ื) “ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžื ื™ ืœื ื”ื ื™ื— ืžืฉื” ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื‘ืจืงื™ืข ืฉืœื ื”ืชื ืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื•, ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœืžื” ื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืชืคืœืœ ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืื• ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืžืชืคืœืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ืœื””

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืคื ื™ื ืืช ื–ืืช, ืฉืœื ืชื”ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื ื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืœืœื ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ืช ื”’ ืื•ืชื” ืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ ื”ื ”ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ื—ืก ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžืื•ื, ื–ืืช ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’.

ื™ื“ื•ืข ื ื“ืข ื›ื™ ‘ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•’ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืชืคื™ืœื” ื—ื˜ื•ืคื” ื‘’ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœืืš’ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’ ืืฉืจ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ืชื“ื™ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืชืชืงื‘ืœ ืชืคื™ืœืชื•, ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ื™ ื–ื• ื”ืžืขืœื” ื“ื™ื™ืงื ืข”ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืœื ืข”ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืืจืขื™ ื•ื‘ืืงืจืื™.

ืชืคื™ืœื” – ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืขื–ื””ื™ ืชื”ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ‘ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื’ ืฉืื—ื–”ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”, (ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ืฉืžื•ืช) “ื•ื™ื™ืจืื• ืžืื“ ื•ื™ืฆืขืงื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื”’ ืชืคืฉื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ ืฉื. ื‘ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœืฉื•ื— ื‘ืฉื“ื”. ื‘ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื” ืข”ื›.

ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ื•, ืžื” ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ื ื–ืžื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื”ื ืœื”, ืขื•ื“ ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžืงืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื™ื™ืงื ืžืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘.

ืื›ืŸ ื—ื–”ืœ ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข”ื” ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ‘ื”ืžืงื•ื ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ ืฉื’ ื•ื‘ื’ืž’ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•:) ื™ืœืคื• ืžื™ื ื™ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืจื‘ืชื™ ืœื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื”, “ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ ืฉื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืžืขื ื‘ืžื” ื ืชื™ื™ื—ื“ื” ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืืืข”ื” ื•ื‘ืžื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ ืœื“ืžื•ืชื” ื•ืฆื•ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ‘ืชืคื™ืœื”’.

ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžื•ืืก ืชืคื™ืœืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื ืืžืจ (ืื™ื•ื‘ ืœื•’ ื”’) “ื”ืŸ ื’ืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืžืืก” ืื•ืœื ‘ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ‘ืขื‘ืจื™’ ื”ืจื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื•, ื•ื ืขื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืืช ืžืขืœืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื” ื”ื› ื ืชื™ื™ื—ื“ื” ืชืคื™ืœืชื•, ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืฆืจืš ืœื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืืฃ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืข”ื”

ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉืคืช ืืžืช (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื) “ืœืคื™ ืฉืฉื‘ื— ืžืงื•ื“ื ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ืืžืจื• ื›ืืŸ ื“ื’ื ื”ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื›ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื”ื›ื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื—ืœ ื”ืืจืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื”ื›ื ”ืก ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื ืขืฉืจื” ื“ื›ื•ืขืก, ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืืœื•ืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”’ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืชื•. ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉืื“ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืขืœืช ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ืค”ืข ื›ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื• ื›ื ”ืœ”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ืื™ืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื‘ื™”ื˜ (ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื, ืฉืขืจ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืค”ื”) ืข”ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืจืš, ื•ื–ืช”ื“, ื”ืืจื™ืš ืฉื ื‘ืžืขืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžืขืœืช ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื•ื, ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ื”ื›”ื  ืžืฆืœื™ ืžื”ื ื™ ื˜ืคื™, ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืจืง ื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื“ืžืฆืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ื”ื›”ื  ืืœื ืืค”ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข ื ืžื™ ืžื”ื ื™ ื˜ืคื™, ื•ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืืืข”ื” ืฉืงื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคื™ืœืชื•, ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืจื, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื ืœื ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืขืชื” ืจืง ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชืคืœืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืขื ื”,

ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื–”ืœ ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืงืจื ‘ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ ืฉื’ ืžืฉืžืข ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืื ืื—ื“ ‘ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื’ ื•ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื• ืคืขื ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืคืขื ืœืœื ื”ืคืกืง, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžืขืœืชื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืื“ื ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืคืจืกืื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืขืžื”ื. ื•ื›ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ื ืžืฆื ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืขืœืชื ื‘ื›ื— ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช!

ื–ื• ื”ื› ‘ืื•ืžื ื•ืช’ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื™ื— ื›ืœืœ ื“ืขืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืืืข”ื”, ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ ืœืžื”ื•ืชื” ื•ืฆื•ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ืชืคื™ืœื”.

ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ – ืฉืจื•ื™ ืชื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ‘ืžืชืคืœืœ’

ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ “ืžืชืคืœืœ” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ื•ืฉืขืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื’ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื›ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืคืขื•ื˜ื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉื™ืขืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื•.

ืœืžื“ื™ื ืื ื• ื–ืืช ืžื“ื—ื–”ืœ ื›ื™ ืืกืชืจ ื”ืžืœื›ื” ืžืชืคืœืœืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื˜”ื–.) “ื•ืชืืžืจ ืืกืชืจ ืื™ืฉ ืฆืจ ื•ืื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืŸ ื”ืจืข ื”ื–ื”, ืืžืจ ืจ”ื ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ื•ื‘ื ืžืœืืš ื•ืกืชืจ ื™ื“ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืŸ”

ื•ื ืชืงืฉื” ื‘ื–ื” ืื“ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื’ืจ”ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ (ื–’ ื•’) ื”ื™ืืš ืืกืชืจ ืžืกื›ื ืช ืขืฆืžื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ืœืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืฆืจ ื•ืื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ื™ื“ ื–ื•, ืืชืžื”ื”.

ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื–ืืช ื”ื’ืจ”ื ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ “ื•ื ืจืื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื›ื— ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื” ืจื•ืฉื ื‘ืื“ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ืงื•ืจื ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจื›ื ืœื›ืฉื™ื“ื‘ืจื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืง ืœืงื‘”ื” ื™ืช”ืฉ ื›ืž”ืฉ ืžืจื™ ื—ืœืžื ืœืฉื ืืš ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื—ืžื™ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ื–ื” ืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื•ืืชืคืœืœ ืืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื”

ื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ืืกืชืจ ื”ืžืœื›ื” ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ‘ืžืชืคืœืœืช’ ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, ื’ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ื”ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ืœื‘ื” ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘”ื”, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’. (ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืœื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื™ืฉื•ืขื”.) ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœ”ื” (ื™ื•ืžื ืคืจืง ื“”ื—) “ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื• ืœื”ื™”ืช, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืขืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื›ื•’ ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืžืจื” ืืกืชืจ ืื ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื—ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื›ื•’ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืข”ืฉ.

ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื“ืจื’ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืœ ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจื— ื”ื™ื ืœื•, ืื–ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืชืคืœืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื•ื“ืจื’ื” ื ืขืœื™ืช ื–ื•.

ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื•ืฉื•ืžืข ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™, ืขืฉื™ืจื™’ ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘’ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื’ ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืœื. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื ื–ื” ‘ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ ืฉื’ ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ื ืืžืจ ืืฆืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืฉืจ ืงื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื•ื— ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืคื™ืœืชื• ืืœื•ืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจื•, ื›ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืฉื’ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ื•.

“ืื ื•ื›ื™” – ืชืคื™ืœื”

ืจืžื– ืœื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื ”ืœ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืชืคื™ืœื” (ืค”ื“ ืžืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื˜”ื–) “ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื™ืคื ื” ืืช ืœื‘ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ืจืื” ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืฉื‘ ืžืขื˜ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ืŸ ืืช ืœื‘ื• ื•ืื—”ื› ื™ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื ื—ืช ื•ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืื•ื™ ื•ืžืฉืœื™ื›ื• ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื• ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืฉื‘ ืžืขื˜ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืื—ืจ ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืžืืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉืขื””

ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ‘ืžืฉืœื™ื›ื• ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื•’ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื• ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืื‘ืจื™ื•, ื›ืŸ ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืš ื›ืžืฉืื•ื™, ื›ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื•ืชื• ื•ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืฃ ืืฆืœ ืจื‘ืงื”, ืฉืืžืจื” ‘ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืื ื›ื™’ ื•ืคืจืฉ”ื™ ืฉื ‘ืžืชืื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืชืคืœืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ’ ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื›ื™ ‘ืžืชืื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืชืคืœืœืช’ ื–ื” ‘ืื ื›ื™’.

ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ื”ื ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืชืคื™ืœื”, ื›ืื“ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืคืช ืœืคื™ื• ืžืขืช ืžืื›ืœื• ื‘ืืจื•ื—ืชื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ื•ืจืขื‘, ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืื‘ ื•ืจืขื‘ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื™ ืฉื™ืื—ื–ื ื• ื”ื‘ื•ืœืžื•ืก.

ื•ืืฃ ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ืžืฉืื•ื™’ ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ‘ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”’.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื–ืืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™”ื ื™”ื’) “ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืืชื” ืœื“ืขืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ื— ื”ืชืคืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ืฆืœ ืžืกื›ื ื” ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื›ื•’ “ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ืจื–”ืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื ืชืขืงืจื• ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืชืื•ื” ืœืชืคื™ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืจื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื ื”ืขืงืจื•ืช ืœืืžื”ื•ืช ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ื–ื” ื ืฉืชื ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ื›ื•’ “ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•ื ื• ื‘ื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ืชืคืœื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”” ื•ื›ื•’

ื ื™ืงื— ืœืงื— ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–”ืœ ืฉืœื ืชื”ื ืงืœื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื ื•, ื›ื™ ืื ืื›ืŸ ืชื”ื ืงืœื” ื”ื™ื ื—”ื•, ืื–ื™ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื™ืกื’ืจื• ื•ื™ืื˜ืžื• ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืชืคืขืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ืžื”, ื›ื™ ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”.

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Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager Shlita

Chinuch Beginnings

Parashas Eikev

Harav Hagaon Meir Wahrsager

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This weekโ€™s parashah includes the second parashah of Krias Shema, ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึดื ืฉืึธืžึนืขึท, in which we find the mitzvah of a father teaching his son Torah: ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื. The Shulchan Aruch Harav points out that the mitzvah of chinuch regarding other mitzvos is dโ€™Rabbanan, but the mitzvah of chinuch for Talmud Torah is dโ€™Oraysa. At which point do we start being mechanech our sons to learn Torah? Rashi cites Chazalโ€™s teaching:ืžืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื“ื”ื• ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื ื–ื” ืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ื•ืจื• . When a child begins to talk, we teach him: ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”. The Gemara (Succah 42) cites this in the braysa that lists the ages of chinuch for various mitzvos, such as tefillin.

 

This Rashi begs a question, however. The concept of chinuch is not just that the child should be able to carry out the physical actions involved in the mitzvah, but rather that he should be mature enough to grasp the meaning of the mitzvah. For instance, we just went through the Three Weeks, the Nine Days, and Tisha B’Av. Only a child who understands the concept of mourning for the Churban is obligated in the minhagim of aveilus during that period. We donโ€™t have to be mechanech a child for the aveilus from the time he is capable of sitting on the floor and read Kinnos; he has to be aware of the content of the mitzvah and be able to fulfill it.

 

It would seem to follow, then, that the ability to verbalize alone should not be the sole criterion for a child to be considered ready for chinuch in the mitzvah of Talmud Torah. Torah is meant to be understood, not merely recited, so shouldnโ€™t the chinuch in Torah begin when a child becomes capable of understanding Torah?

 

Now, the Shulchan Aruch Harav does say that a person can fulfill the mitzvah of Talmud Torah by reciting Torah Shebichsav, even if he doesnโ€™t understand what he is learning, so perhaps thatโ€™s why we chinuch begins when a child is merely able to utter the words:ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”. But even according to Shulchan Aruch Harav, in order to Talmud Torah fully, a person has to understand the Torah he learns. Why, then, is the proper age for chinuch for Talmud Torah when a child learns to speak, when he canโ€™t possibly understand the Torah he is saying?

 

Your Constant Conversation

Iโ€™d like to suggest an approach to understanding Rashi. Perhaps the chinuch we are trying to achieve is not necessarily to the actual mitzvah of Talmud Torah, but rather to a specific aspect of that mitzvah, one that is really a preparation for fulfilling the mitzvah. And perhaps the mitzvah of ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื is parallel to the obligation we find in the first parashah of Krias Shema, ื•ึฐื“ึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึธื, which obligates the father himself (like every member of Klal Yisrael) to speak in Torah and learn Torah.

 

From the words ื•ึฐื“ึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึธื, Chazal derive the issur of bittul Torah: ื•ื“ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื… ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, as the Gemara teaches (Yoma 19b). The common understanding is that bittul Torah is when a person schmoozes and wastes time that he could have used for Torah learning. But Rashi on those words says a chiddush:ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ื•ืจืš ืืœื ื‘ื, ืขืฉื ืขื™ืงืจ ื•ืืœ ืชืขืฉื ื˜ืคืœ. Rashi seems to be saying that thereโ€™s a second dimension to bittul Torah. Itโ€™s not merely a matter of quantity, of how you spend your time โ€“ itโ€™s also a matter of quality. Whatโ€™s a priority to you, and whatโ€™s secondary?

 

Every person has a value system and a priority scale. Rashi is telling us that the mitzvah of ื•ึฐื“ึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึธื obligates us to make Torah our primary value and downplay everything else. When you engage in other pursuits, donโ€™t ascribe chashivus to them.

 

Accordingly, a person can potentially spend many hours in the workplace and still make Torah his primary pursuit, if the time he devotes to learning is when he truly feels he is living. Then, Torah is his ikar and his other activities are a tafel.

 

On the other hand, a person can spend numerous hours learning every day, but if, when he engages in his outlets โ€“ playing sports, listening to music, or the like โ€“ he becomes so engrossed in it that it becomes his life, thereโ€™s no greater bittul Torah than that. Thatโ€™s bittul Torah bโ€™eichus. He just downplayed his Torah learning and turned it into a tafel. When he returns to the beis midrash, he might spend many hours learning again, but he already established that his limud Torah is secondary; itโ€™s not what gets him animated, itโ€™s not where his heart is, and itโ€™s not going to connect him to the Ribbono Shel Olam.

 

This idea has many applications, one of which, Iโ€™d like to suggest, is the mitzvah to begin teaching a child Torah when he first learns how to talk. From the time he first opens his mouth until he reaches 120, a deluge of words is going to emerge from his mouth. A person is a medaber; his speech is his chiyus, and he doesnโ€™t stop talking until heโ€™s buried. What we teach a child when he first starts to speak is that Torah should be the primary thing he talks about.

 

On the passuk: ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื ึถืคึถืฉื ื—ึทื™ึผึธื”, Rashi notes that every creature is a living being; why is only a human being called a ื ึถืคึถืฉื ื—ึทื™ึผึธื”? He answers: ืฉื ืชื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื• ื“ืขื” ื•ื“ื‘ื•ืจ. A human can speak, and thatโ€™s the expression of his chiyus.

 

When a child starts to speak, make sure to seize the moment and teach him that the first thing he should speak about is Torah. Why? Because if he starts talking about other things, those things become the ikar to him, and later, when heโ€™s capable of understanding Torah, the Torah will be a tafel to him. You canโ€™t have it both ways: either Torah is the ikar, or something else is the ikar.

 

Rashiโ€™s expresses this very succinctly:ืžืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื“ื”ื• ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื ื–ื” ืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ื•ืจื• ย ย โ€“ this is the way the child should be taught to speak.

 

True, the mitzvah of Talmud Torah is primarily to understand Torah, but the mitzvah also includes the obligation to ensure that there is nothing else in your life that captures your heart and mind and cause you to become completely engrossed.

 

The time to establish this priority scale is when a child first starts to speak โ€“ thatโ€™s when you teach him to talk in Torah, because thatโ€™s what a Yid does: he talks in Torah. Torah has to be at the center of his life from day one, and then Torah will remain his ikar for life.

 

Passing on the Passion

Commenting on the words ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื, the Ramban seems to be bothered by the apparent repetition of the obligation to teach our children Torah, which is already expressed in the first parashah of Krias Shema, in the words ื•ึฐืฉืึดื ึผึทื ึฐืชึผึธื ืœึฐื‘ึธื ึถื™ืšึธ.

 

The Ramban says that the words ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื add that we should teach our children in a way that eventually causes them ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื at all times, to constantly be talking in Torah: ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืชึผึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืชึถืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืœึถื›ึฐืชึผึฐืšึธ ื‘ึทื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืฉืึธื›ึฐื‘ึผึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืงื•ึผืžึถืšึธ. The first parashah of Krias Shema doesnโ€™t say that; all it says is to teach them Torah.

 

As mechanchim, how do we get our children to constantly talk in Torah? Do we strap them into a chair and lock them inside the house? Do we tell them they canโ€™t run around, they have to sit every second and learn? Obviously not. Rather, the Ramban is saying that

we have to teach Torah in a way that causes our children to view the Torah as their primary pursuit, in which case they will eventually come to ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื. Because when somethingโ€™s an ikar to a person, thatโ€™s what they talk about and spend their time focusing on.

 

We accomplish that when the mechanech, the childโ€™s father, considers Torah the ikar of his life, and the child sees that when the father talks in learning, thatโ€™s when he is animated and thatโ€™s when heโ€™s living, and that the fatherโ€™s other activities and outlets are secondary to his learning, just a preparation for being able to learn.

 

The fulfillment of this mitzvah of ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื is that when your child starts to talk, you teach him the first state rule: Talk in learning!

 

This idea has tremendous ramifications in chinuch, and is so, so important. Children perceive so well whatโ€™s our ikar and whatโ€™s our tafel, whatโ€™s close to our heart, what makes us really live, what gives us chiyus. They pick this all up intuitively.

 

Rav Yechiel Yaakovson, a leading mechanech here in Eretz Yisrael who deals mainly with youth at risk, recounts a chilling story that a boy once told him. โ€œI have no shortage of mussar shmuessen in my life,โ€ the boy said. โ€œThat wasnโ€™t what I was missing in my life. Growing up, I heard all the time about the chashivus of Torah. My father was in kollel for many years.

 

โ€œBut I saw between the lines. Iโ€™ll always remember that when we did some renovations in the house, my father didnโ€™t take off time from learning, of course, but when he came home for lunch and supper, I remember that he went over to the tiles and touched every single one. During that period, my father took an interest in the renovations in a way that I never saw him talking about Torah. I saw a gleam in his eyes, I saw how animated he was, I saw him come alive in a way that I never saw him come alive when he spoke about Torah and tefillah.โ€

 

Itโ€™s frightening. The child was able to pick up when the father was really living and when he wasnโ€™t.

 

We canโ€™t overdo it, obviously. We have to be normal, and we have to have yishuv hadaas. But this idea is critical in chinuch, and it all depends on us. We have to live Torah, and if we live Torah, we can give it over to our children: ื•ึฐืœึดืžึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึถื ืึนืชึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื.

 

This is perhaps what Rashi means when he says that when your child learns how to talk, you should teach him ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื” and make him accustomed to talking about Torah. This should be the normal talk in the house.

 

If we do this, we should bโ€™ezras Hashem all be zocheh to have ื‘ื ื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืขื”.

 

Gut Shabbos.

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