ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel ztโl
ืืืืจืื ืืืงื ื ืืขืื ื ืื ื ืืช (ืื, ืื)
ืขืฉืจ ืคืขืืื ืืืืืจื “ืื ื ืืช” ืืคืจืฉื, ืืืจืฉื ืื”ื (ืืจืืฉืืช ืจืื ื ื, ื) “ืืืจ ืจ’ ืืืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืชืคืืืช ืืื ืงืืืืืกืื ืืฉืชืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืื ื ืืช. ืขืฉืจื ืคืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืช ืื ืื ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช, ืืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช”.
ืืืฉ ืืืืื, ืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง.
ืืืืจ ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืชื ืฆืื ืคืื ืงื ืืฆืืื”ืย ืืฉืืืชื ืืื ื ืืืฉืืื, ืื ื ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืืืง ืืงืืื ืืงื, ืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืืง ืืืขืชื ืื ืคืจื ืืคืจื ืืืงื ืื ืฉืื ืชืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืืช, ืืขืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืืชืื ืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืขืช, ืขื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืช ืืืงื ืื ืืคืืขื.
ืืืืจืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง, ืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืงืืื ืืืขืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืคืจื, ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืขืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื, ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืืืจืืจ ืืืงืืืง ืืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง.
ืืืคืืื ืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืจืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง ืืจื ืืื “ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช”, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืจื ืืงื ืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉืขื ืืื ืชืชืงืืื ืื ืืชืืจื.
ืืืจื ืืืืื
ืืงืฉื ืืื”ืฆ ืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืืืจ ืืฆ”ื:
ืืื ื ืืืจ ืคืขืืืื ‘ืืื ืฉืจื’, “ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืจื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืขืฉืจืื ืฉื ื ืืฉืืข ืฉื ืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืฉืจื”? ืจืฉ”ื ืคื’ “ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื”, ืื ืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืืืืจืื?
ืืกืืคืจ: ืืฉืชื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืช ืืืจ, ืืืื ื ืื ืืช ืืืืืงื ืืืชื ืืฉืืช, ื ืืงืชื ืืืืืื ืืืื… ืืฉืืืขื ื ืืจืฆื, ืืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืื, ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืงืฉื – ืืื ืฉื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืช ืืืช. ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืื ืืฉืคืืืช ืื ืฉืืืืขื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื.
ืืื ืืืชื ืขืืื ืืฉื ืฉืชืืื ืืืืชื ืื ืืจืืฆื ืืืชืืื ื ื: ืณืื ืื ืืจืื ืขืืืื, ืืืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืงืฆืช!ืณ ืืขืืืชื, ืขืืืืช ื ืืืจืช ืฉืขืืื ืืืชื ืืืืชื ืฉืืื: ืณืื ืืจืืกืื ืขืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืื ืฉื ืกืืืื ืืื. ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื! ื ืืืื ืคื, ืงืืืืช, ืฉืืืจืช ืืืื… ืืืื ืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืช ืืืชื ืขืืืื ืืืื ืกืืคืืง ืืืืฉืจ ืืฉ ืื – ืืืืจื ืืฉืจืื, ืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืจืื ืชืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืื ืงืืช ืืืจืืื…’
ืืื ืฉืจื ืืื ืงืฉืื ืืืื. ืงืฉื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื, ืคืขื ืชืคืก ืืืชื ืคืจืขื ืืคืขื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืืฆืืช, ืืขื ืื ื ืืกืคื ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืกืืคืืื ืืืงืื ืืืงืื, ืืชืืื ืืฉ ืืืจืืื, ืฆืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืชื, ืืืฆืืข ืืืื ื ืงืื, ืืืืก, ืืืคื – ืืืืจื ืื ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืืจืื ืืงืื. ืืฉืืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื – ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืกืืฃ, ืืืจืื, ืืืืขืื ืขื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืจ ืชืืช ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืงืืช. ืืืืขื? ืชืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืื, ื – ืืขืืจืื, ืืืขืืจืื… ืืฉืจื ืชืืื ืืืืืืช, ืฉืืื, ืืืืฉืจืช, ืดืฉืืืื ืืืืื”- ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืจืืฆื. ืืขืืงืจ – ืืื ืืชืืืืกืื ืืืืื.
ืข”ืค ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืื”ื
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืืื ืฉืจื
ืืืฆืืช ืคืืจืืช ืฉืืืขืืช ืืื”ื
ืืชืื ืชืฉื ืื ืขืจื ืืชื ื. ืืืงืฉื ืืจื ืืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืชืื. ืืชื’ ืื”ืก ืืชืืจืช ืืฉื ืืฉื ืจ”ื ืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืคืืจืืช ื”ื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืชืฉื ืื ืขืจื ืืชื ื ืืืื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืคืืจืืช ื”ื ืืืืืืจ ืื”ื ืืฃ ืฆ’, ืืืืื ืฉืืืฆืืช ืคืืจืืช ืข”ื ืืกืืจืื ืืื ื ืื”ืย ืื”ื ืชืฉื ืื ืขืจื ืืชื ื ืืืฆืืง ืืื. ืืข”ื ืืฉืื ืื ืชืืืจื ืืืชื ืื’ ืืฆืืื ืืจืื, ืืืื ื ืื ืืืฆืื ืคืืจืืช ืขืืืจ ืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืงืคืืฆืช ืืืจื. (ืืืขื”ื ืืงืืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืจื ืืืช).
ืืืขืืจ ืื ื”ื ื”ื ืง”ื ืื”ื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืจืื ืคืืจืืช ืื”ื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฆืื (ืื ืืคืืจืืช ืืขืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืคืฉ) ืืื ืืืื ืช ืื”ืก. ืืืื ืชื’ ืืืืชืจ ืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืื, ืืื ืืคื ืืืืฆื ืืืืืืจ ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืคืืจืืช ืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืจืื ืคืืจืืช ืื”ื. (ืืข”ืฉ ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืฆื ืืขืงื ืืืืจ ืฉืืข ืื ืฉืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืฆ”ื ืฉื ืื ืืืจ ืืขืฉื ืืืืขืืจ, ืืฆ”ื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืืืื, ื ืืฆื ืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืืขืืจ ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจ ืฉืืืื).
ืืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืค”ื ืืฆื”ื ืกืงืงื”ื ืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืืจืื ืค”ื ื”ื ืืืืื ืฉืืฆื ืืื”ื, ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืงื ืืืงืื ืืืงืื ื”ื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืืจ ืื”ื, (ืืืคืฉืืื ืื ืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืืื’ ืืืื ืื ืืืงื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื”ื ืืฉืืข ืืขื”ืค ืฉืจื ืืื”ืข). ืืืืืจืื ื”ืฉ ืืคื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืขืืจ ืืืืืืจ ืืคืืจืืช ืื”ื.
ืืืขืืงืจ ืคื’ ืืื ื”ื ืืฉ ืืืขืืจ ืืืจื ืืกืืจ ืืืืืื ืคืืจืืช ืฉืืืขืืช ืืขืื”ื, ืืืื ืฉืืจืฉื ืชื”ื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื”ื.
ืืข’ ืชืืก’ ืคืกืืื ื ”ื ืข”ื ืฉืืฆืื ื ืฉืจื ืกืคืจื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืืขืืช, ืืชืืจืฆื ืืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืจื ืกืคืจื ืืคืืง ืืกืืืจื ืืืฉ ืกืืืจื ืฉืืืชืจืช, ืืืคืฉืืื ืืชืืจื ืืฆืืจื ืกืืืจื, ืืืืื”ื ื”ื ื’ ืืืื ืฉื ืืฆ”ื ืืืคืื ืืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืกืืืจื ืืจื ืกืคืจื ืืื ืืืืืื. ืืก”ื ืืืืชืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืจื.
(ืืืื ื”ื ืื ”ื ื”ืฉ ืืคื ืคืฉืืืช ืชืืก’ ืืืคื ืืืื”ื ืืฉืจื ืืืืืื ืฆ”ื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืืืฆื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืจื ืืืืฆืื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืื).
ืืืืื”ื ืืชื ืืืื ืกืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื. ืืืืจ ืืชืื ืื”ื ืืชืืก’ ืกืืจื ืืืจืฉืช ืชื”ื ืืืจืฆื ืชืืื ืื ืชืืืืชื ืืืืื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื”ื.
ื ืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืืขืืจ
Hagaon Harav Ephraim Chodosh Shlita
ื”ื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ื ืืืืืงืื ืืืชืืืฆื ืขื ื’ ืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื, ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืื, ืืืืืจ ื’ ืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืชืืื, ืืืขื ืืฉืื… ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืจืืฉ”ืข ืฉืืชื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืชื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจืื, ืฉืืืจืช ืื “ืงืื ืืชืืื ืืืจืฅ… ืื ืื ืืชื ื ื” ืืืคืืื ืืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืื ืืฆื ืืงืื ืืงืืืจ ืืช ืฉืจื ืขื ืฉืงื ื ืืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉืงื ืื ืืจืืจ ืืืจ ืืืืืชืื, ืืืืืจ ื’ ืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืฅ. ื”ืจ ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืจืื, ืืืืจืื ื ืืืจ ืื ืืจื ืืืงืื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืชืื ืืืฉ ืชื ืืจื ืืืงืื ืืกืจ ืืจืข. ืืืขื ืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืชื ืกืืช ืืขืื ืืืขื ืืืชื, ื”ืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืคื ืื ื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ื ืชืืืื ื, ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืงื”ื ืื ืืื ืืขืชืื ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืจ ื”ื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืชืื ืืืืจืื, ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืืืชื “ืขืฉืจื ื ืกืืื ืืช ื ืชื ืกื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืข”ื ืืขืื ืืืืื” (ืืืืช ืค”ื ื”ื) ืืืืจ ืืฉืื ืืืืงื ืืช ืืกืืคืืจ ืฉื ืงืืืจืช ืฉืจื, ืฉื ืืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉืงื ืืกืฃ ืฉื ืขืคืจืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืืช ืื ืื, ืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืช ื ืกืืื ืืขืงืืื, ืื ืกืืื ืฉื “ืืืงื ืืช ืืืืืืช” ืืื ื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืชื ืฉืืจื. ืืืืื ืืฆื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืื ืกืืื ืฉื ืงืืืจืช ืฉืจื, ื ืกืืื ืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืืขืฉืจื ื ืกืืื ืืช, ืื ืืคืจืงื ืืจ”ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืื ืกืืื ืืขืฉืืจื ืื ืืขืงืืื (ืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืช ืงืืืจืช ืฉืจื ืื ืกืืื ืืขืฉืืจื), ืืขืงืืื ืื ืื ืกืืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืช, ืืื ืชืืงืขืื ืืฉืืคืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืื ืขืงืืืช ืืฆืืง ืื ืืืจืื, ืืืฉืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืงื ืืช ืื ืกืืื ืืื. ืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืช ืื ืกืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืงื ืืช ืื ืกืืื ืืื.
ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืจื ืขืืื, ืื ืื, ืืืื ืจืขื, ืืืืืช ืืืืืื, ืืืจืื ืืขืืจื ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืจ, ืขื ืื ืกืืื ืฉื ืขืงืืื, ืืืงืจื ืืืื ืืืื ื’ – ื ืกืืื ืฉื ืืกืืจืืช ื ืคืฉ ืืืืจื ืขืืื, ืฉืขื ืฉืืืฉ ืจืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืคืชืืื ืืฉื ืืื ื ืืคื ืืคืื ืื ืืืจืช, ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืจืคืื, ืืฉ ืื ืขืกืง ืขื ืคืืืืื, ืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืขื ืื ื ืืช, ืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื, ืืืฉื ืืืชื ืขื ืื ืฉืืงื”ื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื “ืืื ืืจืืจ ืืืจ ืืืืืชืื”, ืืืฉืขื ืฉืืฉืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืกืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืื, ื ืืฆืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืขืืช ืฉื ืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืคืชืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื, ืคืชืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชืขืกืง ืขื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืฆืืืืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืงืืืฉื, ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ืกืืื ืืื ืืจืืจ ืืืช ืืืืืชืื, ืื ืืื “ื ืืื ืืืื” ืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืชื ืืืจืื, ืืืชื ืืจื ืืืงืื.
ืขืฉืจื ื ืกืืื ืืช ื ืชื ืกื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืข”ื, ืื ืกืืื (ืืจืืฉืื) ืื ืื, ืื ืกืืื ืืื “ืืืงื ืืืจืื ืืช ืฉืจื ืืฉืชื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช ืื ืจืืืฉื ืืฉืจ ืจืืฉื ืืืช ืื ืคืฉ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื ืืืจื….”, ืื ืกืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืฉื ืืืืฉืื ืืืจืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืื (ืืืืจืชื ืคืจืข ืืงืคืืชืื), ืื ืื ืคืฉ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื ืืืจื ืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืชืจ, ืื ืืื ื. ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืขืืจ, ืืื ืกืืื “ืืชืืงื ืืืฉื” ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืื ืกืืื. ืืื ื ืืกื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืื ืืกืืคืืจ ืฉื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืกืืคืืจ ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืกืจืืช ืืืฆืขื ืืื ืืคืชื ืืืืืช ืืืืช ืืฆืจืื, ืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืฆืืขื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืช, ืืืื ื ืฉืืจ ื ืืื ืืืืจืื.
ืืืฉืืืืจืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืงื ื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฆืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืืืื, ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืคืืจืื, ืืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืกืืืืื, ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืืขืื. ืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืืืง ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืืคืืื ืืช ืืจืืขืื, ืฉื ืืชื ื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืจืื, ืืื ืืงื”ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจืื, ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืงืฆืจ, ืื ืืืืจืฉ ืฉื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืืืงืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืฉ ืืื, ืื ืฉืื ื.
ืืืืจืื ืื ืกื ืืขืฉืืช ืกืืจ, ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืื, “ืืคืจื ื ื ืืขืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืืื”.
ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืกืชื, “ืืืกืข ืืื ืืงืื” ืื ืืคืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืงืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืืจื ืขืืื, ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืฉืงืืจืืื ืืืืื ื ‘ืงืืฆืื ื’, ืืฉ ืื ืคืืจืืฉืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื, ืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืฉื ืืืจืื, ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืคืืจืืฉืื ืืฉืื, ืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืืจืืื, ืืืชื ืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืืกื. ืืช ืืืช ืฉื ืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืืชื ืืฉืื ื ืจืง ืขื ืืคืฉืข ืืืืืจ ืฉื ื ืชืื ื ืืขื ื, ืืืฆืืช ืืคื ืื ืคืกื ืืื, ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื, ืฉืืืื ืืจืื ืื ื ืืช ืืืจืื ืขืืืื ืื ืชืคืกื ื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ื.
ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืฉื ืืกื, ืืื ืืืฆื ืืกืืื, ืืช ืจืืืฉื ืืฉืืืจ ืืกืืื. ืืืจื ืืฉืชื ืืคืื ืื ืฆืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืกืืื ืืื ื ืืฆื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืฆืืืง, ืืื ืืฆื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืฉืืืชื “ืื ืืคืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืงืื”, ืืช ืืคืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืจืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืขืจื, ืืื ืืฃ ืืื, ืืื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืขืืื, ืืขืืื ืืจื ื ืืจื “ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจืฅ”, ืืื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืื ื, ืฉืืฆืืขื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื, ืจืง ืื ืื ื ื ืฉืืจื ื ืืขืืื, ืืื ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืฉืืืชื, “ืื ืื ื” ืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื, ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื, ืืื ืกืืคืจ ืืื ืืชืื ืขื ืืจืืืช ืืขืืื, ืขื ืืื ืืจืืฉืื, ืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืกื ืืื ื, ืืื ืงืื ื ืฉื ืืืืชื ืืืื ื ืืื ืงืืื ืืขืืื. ืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืื, ืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืจื ื ืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืจืืืช ืื ืืขืืื ืขืืื ื, ืืืื ื ืืงื ืืื ืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืืชื, ืืกืืจ ืืืืืช ืืคืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืื, ืจืง ืืกืจ ืคืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื, ืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืฉ ืืืืงืื. ืืื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืื, “ืืืกืข ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืจืฆื ืื ืื” ืืืชืจืืง ืืืื ืฉืืฆื ืขืืื ืฉื ืจืข.
ืืขืฉืจื ื ืกืืื ืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืืจืื ืขืื ืืืฉืื, “ืืื ืืฉืง ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืืจ”, ืืืื ืืืฉืงื ืืืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืื, ืืื ืื ืกืืื ืืช ืืืืขืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืืจืื ืืคืืฅ ืืช ืชืืจืชื ืื ืืื ืขืืื. ืืืืจื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืืขืืจ ื ืืฆื ืืืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืื ืกืืื, ืืื ืืืคื ืืืชื ืืืขื ืืงืืก, ืืื ืขืืฉื ืงืจืงืก ืืืืช ืืืฉืคื ืืกืืื ืืืฉืืคืืื, ืืื ื ืืืฉืจ ื ืจืื ืฉืกืืื ืืื ืขื ืขืื ืฉื, ืืจืืขืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืกืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืขื ื ืคืฉื, ืจืืืฉ ืกืืื ืืขืืืจื ื ืืงื ืืฉืื, ืื ืืืกื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืื, ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืงืื, ืืขืืื ืืคืงืจ? ืืฉ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืื! ืืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืงื ืืช ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืฆื ืืืชื ืืืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืื ืืช ืืืจืคื ืื ื ืฉืืข ืกืืืจ, ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืกืืื? ืืื ืจืง ืื, ืืืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืกืืื ืืช ืื ืจืืืฉื ืืืฅ ืืืืขืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืื ืขืจืื ืขื ืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืงื. ืืืืขืืจ ืืื ืืืง ืืืืจืื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืฉืจืื ื ืขื, ืืืืืขืืจ ืืืฉืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื.
ืืืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืจืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืืืืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืจืฉ, ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืื ืืืจืื ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืงื”ื “ืืื ืืฉืง ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืืจ”, ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืื ืืฉื ืขื ืื, ืกืืืจ ืฉืืกืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืช ืื, ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืช, ืืจืื ืืฉ ืืืฉืื, ืืืืจืื ื ืืื ืื. ืืขืืฉืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืจืื, ืืคืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชื ื ืฉื ืจืื, ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืื ืืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืคืชืืชืื ืกืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ื ืืกื ืืืฆืืข ืื ืืืช.
ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืื ืกื ืืจืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจืื, “ืืืื ืื ืชืืื ืืืฉื”, ืืืชืฉืืื ืืจืืจื, ืืื ืืกืชืจื ืืื ื ืืกืืื ืืืืื, ืื ื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื, ื ืืฉืื, ืืขืื ืื ืืื ื ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืฆื ืืืขืืืจ ืืช ืืืฆืขื ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ื ืขืืืืช. ืืฉืจ ืืคื ืื, ืืจืืจ ืืืขื ืื, ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจ, ืื ื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืืจืืจ “ืืืื ืืจืืจ ืืืืืง ืืืจืื”.
ืื ืืืืขืืจ ืฉืืืืืจื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืชืฉืืื, ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจืืข ืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืฉืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืื ืื, ืื ื ืืืงืฉ ืืฉืืจืจ ืืืชื ืืืืฉืืื, ืื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื, ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืืืชื ืืกืืจืืช. ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืชืืืช, ืืืคื ืฉืืืจืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืืง ืืื ื”ืื ืืจืื ื'”, ืืช ื”ืืจืืจ ืื ืขื” ืืฆืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืคืื ื”ืืจืื ื'”.
ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืฉืืช, ืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืืฉื ืจืข, ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืคืฉืจื ืืื ืืืืืช “ืืจืื ื'”.
ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืื ืืืื, ืืืขืืจ ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ, ืืงืืืฉื ืืขื ืืื ื ืืืืืื, ืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืื ื, ืืืืฉืืจ ืื ืืืืฅ ืืืืชื ืืืจืื, ืืืฉื ื, ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืจื “ืืืคืฉื ืืืืจืื ืืืคืฉื ืืืืืงืื”.
โซโชParshaโฌโฌ โซโชPreview
Harav Hagaon Moshe Ahron Friedman Shlita
How to Merit โBakolโ
Parashas Chayei Sarah
Harav Hagaon Moshe Aharon Friedman shlita
The opening passuk in the Torahโs account of the search for a shidduch for Yitzchak states: ืึฐืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึธืงึตื ืึธึผื ืึทึผืึธึผืึดืื ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื. How is the fact that Hashem blessed Avraham with everything โ bakol โ connected to the discussion of finding a shidduch for Yitzchak?
The Ohr Hachaim Hakadosh explains that the Torah is telling us that Avraham Avinu had everything โ wealth, honor, and everything good, but the one thing he didnโt have was an einikel. And that was something he wanted, so that he could see future generations and have a continuation of his legacy. That is the introduction to the subject of Yitzchakโs shidduch.
The Rashbam al HaTorah, who always gives the simple pshat, explains that when you look for a shidduch, you need to describe who the mechutan is, so the Torah tell us that weโre talking about Avraham, who was blessed with everything โ an excellent shidduch prospect!
The Gemara (Bava Basra 16 and 141) cites several explanations of what ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื means. R’ Meir says bakol means he didnโt have a daughter. R’ Yehuda precisely the opposite โ bakol means he did have a daughter. Others say that he had a daughter whose name was Bakol, although the Ibn Ezra notes that in that case the Torah should have said that Hashem blessed Avraham ืืืื, with Bakol.
The Gemara then gives various other explanations of what bakol means โ that Yishmael did teshuvah in Avrahamโs lifetime, or that Eisav didnโt rebel in his lifetime. Rashi, here in Chumash, says that bakol has the same gematria as ben, so it is actually referring to Yitzchak; this is the simple understanding of the passuk, as it relates directly to the account that follows about the search for a shidduch for Yitzchak.
The Daughter Debate
According to R’ Meir, however, who says that bakol means Avraham didnโt have a daughter, how is that related to the discussion of finding a shidduch for Yitzchak? Because Avraham didnโt have a daughter, therefore he was looking for a shidduch? Whatโs the connection?
I would like to suggest the following: Had Avraham Avinu had a daughter, then it would not have been necessary to look for a shidduch for Yitzchak, since he would have been able to marry that daughter. Only because he did not have a daughter did he have to search for a shidduch for his son.
In case you are wondering how we can suggest that Yitzchak could have married his own sister, Tosafos actually wonder why, according to the opinion that Avraham did have a daughter, did they have to look for a shidduch for Yitzchak? Let Yitzchak marry his sister, Bakol! Tosafos answer that either she was too young, or that she was a daughter of Hagar, and therefore not suitable for Yitzchak. But we can infer from Tosafos that according to Rโ Meir, had Avraham had an older daughter who was suitable for Yitzchak, then he would have allowed him to marry his sister.
The fact that Avraham did not have a daughter is, therefore, a fitting prelude to the search for a shidduch for Yitzchak: Since he did not have a daughter, he had to look for a shidduch.
Tosafosโs answer that Avrahamโs daughter was too young seems surprising, however, since we know that Rivka was only three years old โ so how could Avrahamโs daughter have been too young?
We can suggest that perhaps Avraham Avinu didnโt want to marry off a daughter who was a ketanah, since he kept the entire Torah and it is forbidden for a person to be mekadesh his daughter when she is a ketanah. The fact that the mechutan, Besuel, was willing to marry off his daughter when she was a ketanah was not a problem, but for Avraham to marry his own daughter off as a ketanah would be a problem. In truth, however, Tosafos do not hold that Rivka was three; thatโs Rashiโs opinion. Tosafos in several places (Bava Basra ibid, in Yevamos, and elsewhere) states that Rivka was in fact 14. In that case, Rivka was indeed old enough to marry Yitzchak, but Avrahamโs daughter Bakol was too young. Had she been older, however, he would have been able to marry her off to Yitzchak.
Two Lech Lechas
According to the opinion that bakol means Avraham did have a daughter, how is that connected to his seeking a shidduch for Yitzchak?
Again, we can say that since Avraham observed the entire Torah, he needed to have a son and a daughter, in order to fulfill the mitzvah of pru uโrevu. If the Torah is discussing his search for a shidduch for his son, then we could wonder why he was looking for a shidduch only for Yitzchak โ shouldnโt he have been looking for a shidduch for himself as well, even though he was very old, considering that he hadnโt yet fulfilled the mitzvah of pru uโrevu? This question is dispelled with the statement that Avraham had Bakol. Since he had a daughter as well, he could look for a shidduch for Yitzchak only.
The Ksav Sofer offers a different approach to resolve the dispute over whether Avraham had a daughter: He says that Avraham did have a daughter, but she passed away young. On one hand, then, he had a daughter, but on the other hand he no longer had a daughter. He explains that the purpose of Avrahamโs having that daughter was to silence the leitzanei hador, who claimed that Sarah had conceived from Avimelech, and that Yitzchak was not Avrahamโs son. Hakadosh Baruch Hu arranged that Avraham should have another child as well, and when this daughter was born, it became obvious that Avraham Avinu could have children, which proved that Yitzchak could also be the son of Avraham.
We can offer another explanation, al pi drash, of the words ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื. We know that Avraham Avinu withstood ten nisyonos. At one end of the spectrum is the nisayon of lech lecha, Avrahamโs leaving his entire life behind and going and starting anew. At the other end of the spectrum is the nisayon of the Akeidah, where the Torah also uses the wording lech lecha: ืึฐืึถืึฐ ืึฐืึธ ืึถื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืึทืึผึนืจึดืึผึธื. The Midrash actually compares and contrasts the two instances of lech lecha. The two lech lechas represent two types of nisyonos: the first lech lecha was an entire life process, while the second was a one-time challenge. It is important to withstand both types of nisyonos, and Hashem blessed Avraham bakol โ beis kol, implying that he withstood both.
Use Every Day, Merit Everything
The Chasam Sofer gives a different explanation of the words: ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื. If you spell out fully the letters that comprise bakol โ beis is beis, yud, tav; kaf is kaf, peh; and lamed is lamed, mem, dalet โ then the gematria of bakol equals the gematria of shofar. What is the significance of that? Hashem blessed Avraham with the nisayon of the Akeidah, from which came the shofar of the ram that was offered in Yitzchakโs stead. One horn of that ram served as the shofar of Mattan Torah, while the second horn will serve as the shofar Moshiach. So when the Torah says that Hashem blessed Avraham bakol, it is alluding to that shofar, and hinting that both Mattan Torah and the future geulah lie in this blessing to Avraham.
The Gemara teaches that the series of bakol, mikol, kol refers to the three Avos: Hashem blessed Avraham ืึทึผืึนึผื; Yitzchak said ืึธืึนืึทื ืึดืึผึนื, and Yaakov said ืึถืฉื ืึดื ืึนื.
The words ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื are preceded by the words: ืึฐืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึธืงึตื ืึธึผื ืึทึผืึธึผืึดืื. What does ืึธึผื ืึทึผืึธึผืึดืื mean? It means a person comes with all of his days. Every person has beis yamim, two days of ultimate importance โ the day of birth and the day of death. A personโs kever tells you the date he was born and the date of his petirah, but then there are all the days in between, represented by the dash between those two days. Avraham Avinu was ืึธึผื ืึทึผืึธึผืึดืื โ he had full days. This echoes the Torahโs statement, at the beginning of the parashah, that Sarah lived a hundred years, and twenty years, and seven years, implying that they were all equally good: She utilized every single day, and every single year, through different periods, circumstances, and nisyonos in her life. Life is dynamic, but the challenge is to make it ืึธึผื ืึทึผืึธึผืึดืื. Avraham and Sarah instilled this koach in us โ the ability to utilize every single day and every single moment. Then it becomes ืึทื’ ืึตึผืจึทืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทึผืึนึผื.