BamidbarBe'halos'cha

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•

ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”ืขื ื›ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื ืจืข ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”’ (ื™ื, ื).
ืจืฉืดื™: ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœื™ืœื”, ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ืœื” ื”ื™ืืš ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉืžืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืชื•ืื ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ.

ื ืืžืจ ื›ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื. ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื—ืดื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉ, ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืข. ืžื”ื• ื›ืžืชืื•ื ื ื™ื? ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขืœื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ – ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขื™ืงืจื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืงืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืœื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ืžื ืœืืคื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื”, ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ ืฉืงืจ ื‘ืคื™ื”ื, ืืœื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ื”ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ืœื” ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืฉื ืืชื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืœืŸ (ื“) ืคื™ืจืฉ”ื™: ืดืžื™ ื™ืื›ื™ืœื ื• ื‘ืฉืจ- ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืฉืจ, ื•ื”ืœื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืืžืจ ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื•ืžืงื ื” ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ืืœื ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ืœื”ืด. ืžื™ ืฉืขื™ื ื™ื• ืคืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืจื•ืื” ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืืœื ืขืœื™ืœื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื! ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉืจืื• ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื›ื•’, ืื™ืš ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ?!

ืืœื ืฉืœื ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ืงืฉื• ืืœื ืขืœื™ืœื”! ืจืฆื•ื ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื ื›ืกื•ืชึพืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.

ื›ื“ ื”ื•ื™ื ื ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”” ื‘ืงืœื ื•ืœืžื“ื• ืืชื™ ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืคืขื ืคืจืฆื” ืฉืจืคื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชืดืช ื•ื ืฉืจืคื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชื™ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชืดืช ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืงื™ื™ื. ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉืจืคื”: ืดืžื™ ื™ืชืŸ ื•ื™ืฉืจืฃ ื’ื ื”ืชืดืช, ื•ืื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื•ื’ ืœื™ืกืข ืœื‘ื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืฉืชื™ ื•ื‘ื ื™”. ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืื‘ืจืš ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืจื•ืื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื ืคืฉื• ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขืช ืœื™ืกืข ืœื‘ื™ืชื•, ืืœื ืฉืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืžืืฉืชื• ืฉืชืฉืืœ ืœืžื” ื‘ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ? ื•ืขื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืจืคื” ืœื ื™ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”! ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™, ืฉืžื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ืฉืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืข ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉืจืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืดืช! ื ื•ืจื!

ืดืจืข ื‘ืื–ื ื™ ื”ืณืด. ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™: ืดืชื•ืื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืจืขื” ื‘ืื–ื ื™ ื”ืณ, ืฉืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืชื‘ื•ื ื‘ืื–ื ื™ื• ื•ื™ืงื ื™ื˜ืด! ืœื•ืœื ืžืงืจื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืžืจื•! ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžืœืื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉื‘ืกืชืจ ืœื‘ื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืงื ื™ื˜ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืณ! ื•ืžื” ื™ืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื•, ื”ืœื ืจื’ืข ื‘ืืคื• ื•ื™ืจืข ืœื”ื ื‘ื›ืขืกื•! ืืš ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืชื™ื“, ื›ืขืช ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื ื• ื‘ื”ืงื ื™ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืณ, ื›ื™ ื™ืคืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ื”’ ื•ื™ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื”ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœ ื•ื”ืžืฉื! ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื”ืื“ื. ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื™ืœืžื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ืื– ืืฉืจื™ื• ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื•!

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yeruchem Levovitz, ztโ€l

ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืœื™ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื”
ื™”ื— ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืจืฆ”ื•
ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจ”ืก ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืชื•ื ืชื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ย  ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืžืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจืฆื•ืคื•ืช. ืขื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื” ื ืกืข ืœืจืื“ื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืงื“ืฉื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”’ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื’. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืฉ”ืก ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ื“’ ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—.

ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ืืฉืจ ื ื˜ืœื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืืช ืขื•ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืคื™ืจื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืžืกืขื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืคืชื—ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื ืกื”, ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ื•ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช.

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืจืื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื“ ื”’ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื’ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจืก”ื“ ืžื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื ื”ืœ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื•. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืจ’ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ืื•ืœื ืžืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื ืคืชื—ื• ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื—ืœื• ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื›ืœื‘ืช ืืฉ ื•ื—ืœื—ืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื•. ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ืฉื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืžื”ืคืš ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“, ืื•ืœื ืจ’ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ืชื ื•ืชื• ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ “ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ืจืื• ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืจืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืžื™ื“ื•ื”ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.”

ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจืื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื›ื—ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืขืจืฆื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืกื•ื—ืคืช ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืฆืจ ืืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื• ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื “ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื•” ืฉืœ ื”’ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื’. ืจ’ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”’ื—ืคืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื’ ื•ืจื—ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืขืจืฆื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ืชืคืจื•ืฅ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืงืจืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื ืกืข ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื”

Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita

ื‘ื”ืขืœืชืš

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ

ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื” ืžืขืžื™ื“ ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืข’ ืกื ื”’ ื™”ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืกืžืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ. ื•ืคืฉื˜ื ื“ื’ืž’ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.

ื•ืข”ืฉ ืชื•”ื— ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ืขื ื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืจื•ื””ืง ืžืžืฉื”. ื•ืฆ”ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื“ืจื•ื””ืง ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื•ืขืฉ ืชื•”ื— ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงืจืื• ืืœื”ื™ื, ื•ื›”ื› ืชื•”ื— ืข”ื– ื—’ ื“”ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื•.ย  ื•ืข ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืค”ื“ ื””ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”.

ื•ืœื›ื’ ืง’ ืžื’ืž’ ืขืฆืžื• ื“ื“ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืžืš ื‘ื”ื™ ื•ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ื“ืื•ืœื™ ืจื•ื””ืง ืชื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืกืžื™ืš. ื•ืข”ืข ืจืž”ื” ืกื ื”’ ืฉื ืื•ืœื™ ืžื”ื ื™ ื“ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื‘ื”ื™ ืขื ื”ืžืกืžื™ืš.

ื•ืข’ ืฆ”ืค ืฉื ืกื ื”’ ื™”ื“ ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื”ื™. ื•ืœื›ื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ ื’ืจื™”ื– ืฉื”ืžื ื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืžื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืค”ื“ ื””ื• ื•ืจื“ื‘”ื– ื“ื”ืฆ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ ื•ืง”ืง ืœืคื™ ืชื•”ื—.

ื•ืข’ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ื’ ืžืกืžื™ืš ื‘ืขื–ื” ืื ื“ืขืชื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืžื”ื ื™ ื“ืขืชื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื›ื’ ืง’ ืœืคื™ ืชื•”ื—. (ืื›ืŸ ืข”ืฉ ืขืœื™ ืชืžืจ ื“ืจืžื‘”ื ืžืคืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื”ื ”ืœ ื›ื™ ืขื–ื” ืขื›”ืค ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืจืฉ ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืฉื™ื”ื ื“ืขืชื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื™ ืžืžืฉ).

ื•ืœื›ื’ ืžื›ืืŸ ื›ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืข”ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื™ ื“ื•ืงื.

ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื’ืž’ ืง’ ืœื›ื’ ืžืกืžื™ื›ืช ืžืฉื”. ื•ืœื›ื’ ืœืคื™ ืชื•”ื— ืœืง”ืž. ื•ืข ืกื“ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืข”ื– ื—’ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืœืคื™ ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ืค ื‘ื ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ื™.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘”ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื–ื””ื– ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื™. ื•ืข’ (ืคื™ื”ืž”ืฉ ืกื ื”’ ืค”ื ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืค”ื“) ื‘ืจืžื‘”ื ืค”ื“ ืžืกื ื”’ ื”ื™”ื. ื•ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคื˜ืจืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ) ื•ืืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ืš ื›ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื”… ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ืงืจื ืœืš ืขื™ืจ ื”ืฆื“ืง (…ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื” ื•ื›ื•’). ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ืข”ื› ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื•ื‘ืจื“ื‘”ื– ืฉื ื“ื—ื” ื“ื™”ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืื– ื›ืฉื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจ’ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืงืœื•ื‘ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืฉืžื—ืคืฉ ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื””ื˜ ืฉื™ื”ื ืœื ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื (ื•ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืžืœืงื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื›ืจืช ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข).

ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื• ืขืœ ื”ืจื“ื‘”ื– ืžื” ื™ื•ืฉื™ืขื ื• ื•ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื’ืœื• ื‘ื”ื™ ืืœื ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ. ื•ืข’ ื—ื–ื•”ื ื—ื•”ืž ืœืงื•ื˜ื™ื ืกื™’ ื’ ืื•ืช ื”’. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ืฉื ืจ”ืฉ ืกืืœืื ื˜ ื–ืฆ”ืœ.

ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื“ื‘”ื– ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืข”ื› ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืž’ ื”ื ”ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื•ืชืงื ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื ื—ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื. ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืก”ืœ ืืช”ืœ ืœื ื—ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื’ื ืขืœ ืจ”ื™ ืžืฉืงืœื•ื‘ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืžื—ื•”ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื™. ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื›ื’ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ ืžืงื•ืจ.

ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจืื” ื“ืก”ืœ ืœืจื“ื‘”ื– ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื“ืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืค”ื“ ืžืกื ื”’ ืœื”ืงืœ ืื ื”ื ื‘ื”ื™ ืื• ืœื ื”ื ื™ื— ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ื™ ื›ืžื• ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื””ืช. (ืžื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืกื‘ืจืช ืชื•”ื—. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื”ืœืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื™).

ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื•

Moreinu Hagaon Harav Nachman Levovitz Shlita

ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืค”ื ืœืžืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืœื™ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืฅ ื–ืฆืœืœื””ื” – ื™”ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข”ื–

ืื™ืชื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื ื“ืจื™ื ืœื—. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืžื ื‘ืจ ื—ื ื™ื ื ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืžืฉื” ืืœื ืžืคืกื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ: ‘ืคืกืœ ืœืš’ ืคืกื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœืš ื™ื”ื. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจ ื—ื ื™ื ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืžืฉื” ื•ืœื–ืจืขื• ืฉื ืืžืจ: ‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืš’, ‘ืคืกืœ ืœืš’. ืžื” ืคืกื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœืš ื™ื”ื ืืฃ ื›ืชื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื™ื”ื ื•ืžืฉื” ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ: (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›”ื‘) ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’.

ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืž’ ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืžืฉื” ื•ืœื–ืจืขื• ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื• ืฉืชื”ื ืฉืœื• ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื• ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืืœื ืฉืžืจืข”ื” ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืฆืœื• ืžืื•ืžื”. ืžืกืจื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ืžืกืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ื›ืœ – ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืงื‘”ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืžืกืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’. ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืกื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ – ื›ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•, ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•. ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœ.

ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.

ื‘ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื ”ื’ ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืŸ ‘ื™ื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื’. ‘ื™ื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘’ – ื–ื” ืžืฉื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ‘ื•ืชืจื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื’. ‘ื•ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘’ – ื–ื• ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ‘ื›ื™ ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื ืชืชื™ ืœื›ื’. ‘ืžื˜ื•ื‘’ – ื–ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”’ ืœื›ืœ’. ‘ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื’ – ืืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ‘ื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”’ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื’.

ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”’ ืœื›ืœ’ – ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืคืข ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ืืชื” ืžื—ื™ื” ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืž’ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’.

ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืš ืฉืคืข, ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื ืžืกืจืช ื”ืœืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš – ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืš, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ืจืš ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื— ืœื‘ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: ื”ื›ื— ืœื‘ืจืš ื”ืœืื” ื•ื”ื›ื— ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ืžื›ื— ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ืจืš ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ื”ืœืื” ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ืœืื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ืืžืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืืื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆ”ืœ ืฉื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”. ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืžื•ื ื— ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืคืข ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ืžื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื”ืœืื” ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ, ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืžืฉื ื”ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื‘ืขื™ืงื•ืœื™ ื•ืคื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื ืกืชื ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืžื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ืงื•ืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื’ื ืขืฆื ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื. ื•ื’ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืžืขืœืชื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื.

ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœ. ื”ืฉืคืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืงื— ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื–ืจื•ื ื”ืœืื” ื”ืจื™ ืžืงืœืงืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ, ื•ืื– ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฆืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.

‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’ ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื‘ื•ืจืš, ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืžืกืจื™ื ื›ื ืชื™ื ืชื ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœืื“ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ื” ื’ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืื–ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฆืจ ื•ืžืชืงืœืงืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ.

ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ืขืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืœืžื” ืจืฆื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื‘ืจื•ื ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื‘ืืจ ืฉื ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”’ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงืœ ื™ืช”ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื•ืืžื ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘, ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘. ื–ื”ื• ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื” ื™ืช”ืฉ ืœื‘ืจื•ื ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื. ื–ื• ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœืฉืžื” ื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื ื•.

ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืืื–ืžื•”ืจ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืคืจืฉ ืฉืจืฆื•ื ื• ื™ืช”ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื, ื”ื›ืœ ืœืžืขื ื ื•. ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื• ื•ืœื”ื ืืชื ื•, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื•ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ ืืคืฉื™ ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื•. ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืฉื’ื’ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืŸ. ืืœื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉ’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’, ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”’ ืœื›ืœ. ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ื‘ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœื”, ืœื ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ื ืชื™ื ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ, ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœืื—ืจ ื•ื–ื”ื• ื’ื•ืคื ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื”ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ื ืชื™ื ื” ืœืฉื ื ืชื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื ื‘ืจื ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ื ื‘ืจื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ืœื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืžื™ ืœืชืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’, ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืชืช ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื•, ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืชืช, ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืžื ื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืš ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ. ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ื•ื ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ, ืฉื™ื”ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืชื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืœืฉืžื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื ื‘ืจื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืชืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ื•ื”ืื“ื – ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื• ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ืขื™ื™”ืฉ.

ื•ื‘ื“ืขืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื ื”ืžื ื“ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื ืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืกืชื ื‘ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื™ื ื” ืžืฆื“ ืฉื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ, ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ื•ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉ’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’, ืืœื ืฉืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืฆื“ ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืชืŸ, ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื›”ืช ืฉื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ.

ื ืžืฆื ืฉืžื”ืœืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืš ื”ื•ื – ‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฉืžื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืืชื™ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™ื• ืืฃ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ื•’. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืจื, ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ืฉ’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื“ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื ื• ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžืขื ื ื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื• ื•ืœื”ื ืืชื ื•, ืืœื ืฉืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉ’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’. ื•ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’ ืฉืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื”ืงื‘”ื” ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืขื™”ื– ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืจืš, ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื˜ืจืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืžื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš.

ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืฉื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืจืื™ื ืœื ื ื‘ืจืื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ื•ืœืฉืžืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš. ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื•ืœื—ืžื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืืจืช ื›ืœื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉืžืฉ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืขืฆืžื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ืฉื ื•ื›ื“ื•’ ื”ื›ืœ ื ื‘ืจื ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœืชืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืœื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื›ืœื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืžืขืฆื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื—ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ืืช ื”ื›ื— ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืขืœ ื–ื•ืœืชื•, ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื• ื•ืœืชืช ืœื• ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ืœื ืœืงื—ืช ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื–ื•ืœืชื•. ื•ืข”ื– ืืžืจ ืจ”ืข ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ‘ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืœืจืขืš ื›ืžื•ืš’ ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืžื“ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจืžื‘”ืŸ ื“ื”ืคืœื’ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื ืฉื™ืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ืื”ื‘ืชื• ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื•ืœื™ืžื“ (ื‘”ืž ืก”ื‘ ื) ื“ื—ื™ื™ืš ืงื•ื“ืžื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ ื—ื‘ื™ืจืš, [ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื”ืœื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš, ื•ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืŸ ืงื™ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื, ืื ืฉื•ืชื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืชื™ื, ื•ืื ืฉื•ืชื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืฉื•ื‘. ื“ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื•ืช]. ืืœื ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืื”ื‘ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืื”ื‘ ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ืขื™ื™”ืฉ.

ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขื ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืขื“ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื—ืจ, ืœื”ืฉืชื•ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขื ื”ืื—ืจ ื‘ืœื ืฉื•ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืจ”ืข ืœืœืžื“ ืฉืžืฆื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื“’ื•ื—ื™ ืื—ื™ืš ืขืžืš’ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืื“ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื—ื™ื™ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื—ื™ื™ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืื‘ืœ ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืš ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื“ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืœืจืขืš ื›ืžื•ืš, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืฉื•ื ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ, ื“ื”ืจื™ ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ื“ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืœืจืขืš ื›ืžื•ืš ื ืืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœืื—ืจื™ื.

ื•ืžืจื’ืœื ื‘ืคื•ืžื™ื” ื“ืืื–ืžื•”ืจ ื“ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืขืฆืžื•. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื ื•ื’ืข ืื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื•. ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืื™ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœ. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืจื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืคืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื‘ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ‘ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช’ ื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”’ ืœื›ืœ, ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืคืข ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื•’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’ ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’ ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืื“ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืžื™ืœื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœื•ื ืืœื ืจืง ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืž’ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’.

ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจื• ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช (ืค”ื‘ ื™”ื‘) ‘ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื’ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืจืง ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ‘ืœืฉืžื”’ ‘ืœืฉื ืžืฆื•ื”’, ืืœื ืฉื–ื”ื• ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืื™ื ื ืžื›ื•ื—ื•, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžืืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื–ื•ืœืชื•, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ.

ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฉืข”ื™ ืžื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ืœื–ื•ืœืชื•. ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื—, ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื’ืจ ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื—ืกื“. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”’ ืœื›ืœ’ ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉืื ื• ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืงื™ื” ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ื•ืœืชื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื—ืคืฅ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืชื• ื”ืจื™ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื•ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ืืช ืชื›ืœื™ืชื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื’ื ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘, ืฉื–ื”ื• ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืข ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื• ‘ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’ ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื–ื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื.

ื”ืื“ื – ื™ืฆื™ืจ ื›ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ื‘ื—ื™ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื‘ื“ืขืช ื•ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจ ื™ืฉืข ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืžืื•ืžื” ื•ืื ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืกื• ืขืœื™ื•, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงื™ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“. ื•ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื–ื•ืœืชื• ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื”ื• ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืจืง ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ืืฆืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืงืฉืจ ื›ื–ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื“ืื’ื” ืœืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื–ื” ื”ืžืฉืš. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื ื“ืื’ืชื ืœืขืฆืžื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื—ื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืจืง ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ื•ืœื ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœืœ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืืชื•. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื ื• ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื•ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื• ืฉืžื ื—”ื• ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ื›ืฉืืจ ื”ื‘ืข”ื—, ื•ื”ืจื™ ‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘’ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื–ื•ืœืชื•.

ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• (ืื‘ื•ืช ืค”ื“ ื›”ื) ‘ื”ืงื ืื” ื”ืชืื•ื” ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื’. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชื•ืงืŸ ื”ื‘ื ืืœ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืงื ืื” ืชืื•ื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื›ื™ ืงื ืื” ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืชืื•ื” ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืช ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ืœืชืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœื•ื.

ื•ื”ื ื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจ. ื“ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ื‘”ืจ ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื” ืคืจืฉื” ืก”ื) ื™”ื‘ ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœืจ”ืข ืžืขื›ื• ื•ืขื“ ืื ื˜ืคืจื™ืก ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืคืจืง ืื—ื“ ืžืชื•, ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฆืจื” ืืœื• ื‘ืืœื• ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื”, ื•ื›ื•’ ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืžืชื• ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฆืจื” ืืœื• ืœืืœื• ืชื ื• ื“ืขืชื›ื ืฉืœื ืชืขืฉื• ื›ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื, ืขืžื“ื• ื•ืžืœืื• ื›ืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื•ืจื”.

ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฆืจื• ืืœื• ื‘ืืœื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ืฆืจื•ืช ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืžื“ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ื“ืื’ ืœื–ื•ืœืชื•, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืžืœืื™ื ืจืง ืžืขื›ื• ื•ืขื“ ืื ื˜ืคืจื™ืก ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™. ื•ืข”ื– ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืจ”ืข ืชื ื• ื“ืขืชื›ื ืฉืœื ืชืขืฉื• ื›ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืฉืขืฉื• ื›ืŸ ื•ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ืฆืจื•ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื“ืขืชื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจ ื•ืœื ืœืขืฆืžื, ืขืžื“ื• ื•ืžืœืื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš ื”ื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืœื”, ื•ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ ืชื•ืจื”.

ื”ืจื™ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ื›ืœื•ื, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื• ืืœื ืฉื”ืงื‘”ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ื”ืœืื”, ื•ื–ื” ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื”, ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ’ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืคืข, ื•ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืื“ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ – ืื– ื”ื•ื ‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš’. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ื— ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• ืฉื–ื”ื• ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘’.

ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืจ ืœืจื’ืœื™ ืืื–ืžื•”ืจ ื–ืฆื•ืง”ืœ, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื. ืขืชื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžืชืืกืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื–ื›ืจื•, ืฉื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ืœื”ืฉืจื™ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืขื ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื–ื”, ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช. ื•ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืชื•ืขืœืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื•, ื™ื”ื™ ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ืจื•ืš.

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Harav Hagaon Moshe Ahron Friedman Shlita

The Chatzotzros are Blowing

Parashas Behaaloscha

Harav Hagaon Moshe Aharon Friedman Shlita

This weekโ€™s parashah discusses the mitzvah of chatzotzros, which is a multifaceted mitzvah. One facet of this mitzvah applied only lโ€™shaah, during Klal Yisraelโ€™s stay in the Midbar. The Torah elaborates that if one tekiah was blown, that was an indication that the nesiโ€™im should gather. If a second tekiah was blown, that was an indication that the entire eidah should gather. If a teruah was blown, that was an indication that they were going to be traveling, as we know that in the Midbar there were 42 masaโ€™os.

In addition to these various functions of the chatzotzros in the Midbar, they also served several other functions.

One was as when there was an impending war, to rouse the people to daven to Hashem against the enemy, as the passuk says: ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ืชึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืžึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ื‘ึฐึผืึทืจึฐืฆึฐื›ึถื ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืฆึทึผืจ ื”ึทืฆึนึผืจึตืจ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ื•ึทื”ึฒืจึตืขึนืชึถื ื‘ึทึผื—ึฒืฆึนืฆึฐืจึนืช ื•ึฒื ึดื–ึฐื›ึทึผืจึฐืชึถึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”’ ืึฑืœึนืงึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐื ื•ึนืฉึทืืขึฐืชึถึผื ืžึตืึนื™ึฐื‘ึตื™ื›ึถื.

Another function is described in the next passuk: ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ื•ึนื ืฉึดื‚ืžึฐื—ึทืชึฐื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจึธืืฉึตืื™ ื—ึธื“ึฐืฉึตืื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผืชึฐืงึทืขึฐืชึถึผื ื‘ึทึผื—ึฒืฆึนืฆึฐืจึนืช ืขึทืœ ืขึนืœึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื–ึดื‘ึฐื—ึตื™ ืฉึทืืœึฐืžึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึฐื–ึดื›ึธึผืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”’ ืึฑืœึนืงึตื™ื›ึถื. This is a din that applies to the special korbanos of festive days: Shabbos, Yom Tov and Rosh Chodesh.

We would think, then, that there would be three mitzvos related to the chatzotzros, perhaps even in the minyan hamitzvos: one mitzvah lโ€™shaah, in the time of the Midbar; one, to rouse the people at a time of tzarah, and one that applies to the korbanos.

Yet the Rambam, in Sefer Hamitzvos, counts only one mitzvah; Mitzvas Assei 59 is the mitzvah of chatzotzros. Similarly, the Sefer Hachinuch, in this parashah, counts chatzotzros as one mitzvah: Mitzvah 384.

The Rambam elaborates (Hilchos Taanis 1:1) that the chatzotzros are blown at times of tzarah. Recently, when we have suffered an abundance of tzaros and Hakadosh Baruch Hu is sending us messages, everyone has been quoting the Rambamโ€™s statement (ibid 1:3): ืื‘ืœ ืื ืœื ื™ื–ืขืงื• ื•ืœื ื™ืจื™ืขื• ืืœื ื™ืืžืจื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ืจืข ืœื ื• ื•ืฆืจื” ื–ื• ื ืงืจื” ื ืงืจื™ืช ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื ืœื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืจืขื™ื. The Rambam is saying that if peopleโ€™s attitude is that whatโ€™s happening is just the situation, itโ€™s a coincidence, then people are going to continue doing bad deeds, and itโ€™s cruel to think this way.

Elsewhere (Hilchos Klei Hamikdash 3:5-6), the Rambam discusses other aspects of chatzotzros, delineating the mitzvah lโ€™doros of sounding the chatzotzros while the korbanos are brought.

Why, then, are the chatzotzros counted as only one mitzvah in Sefer Hamitzvos? We could understand that the function of the chatzotzros at the time of the Mishkan โ€” to gather the people or to notify them that they were about to travel โ€” was a mitzvah lโ€™shaah, which most of the monei hamitzvos, and certainly the Rambam and the Sefer Hachinuch, would not count as one of the 613 mitzvos. But why are the other two distinct functions of the chatzotzros โ€” crying out at a time of tzarah, and accompanying the korbanos โ€” not counted as two separate mitzvos? True, the latter applies only when the Beis Hamikdash stands, but the Rambam and Sefer Hachinuch count the mitzvos that apply only when there is a Beis Hamikdash. Furthermore, the Magen Avraham (siman 576) asks, and R’ Moshe Feinstein discusses in a teshuvah (Igros Moshe on Orach Chaim), why donโ€™t we blow the chatzotzros nowadays, when thereโ€™s a tzarah โ€” a war, a mageifah, etc.?

Thereโ€™s even a discussion of whether the chatzotzros should be blown even on Shabbos. We know that Chazal banned shofar-blowing on Shabbos, but itโ€™s not simple regarding chatzotzros.

The Pri Megadim answers that maybe this mitzvah applies only in Eretz Yisrael, and only when a majority of Klal Yisrael are living in Eretz Yisrael. But I think weโ€™re close to that situation now, and considering the terrible tzaros in Eretz Yisrael recently, why donโ€™t we blow chatzotzros?

Do You Hear the Chatzotzros?

To address the question of why we have only one mitzvah related to the chatzotzros, the Pri Megadim quotes the beautiful words of the Sefer Hachinuch regarding the shoresh hamitzvah:

ืœืคื™ ืฉื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืขืชื ื™ืคื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื• ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืคืกืœ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœืคื ื™ ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ืฉืฆื™ื•ื ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืื“ื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื ื ื• ืœืคื™ ื‘ื•ืจืื• ืฉื™ืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ืœื”ื• ืžืฆืจืชื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ื‘ืชืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื ืืœื”.

The Chinuch is saying that when a person brings a korban he needs to have perfect kavanah, and when we cry out to Hashem at a time of tzarah we also need utmost kavanah โ€” and the chatzotzros serve to inspire that kavanah. Yes, the chatzotzros are used for two distinct purposes โ€” at a time of simchah, to accompany the korbanos, and at a time of tzarah โ€” but they serve a similar function in both cases: to inspire kavanah.

Weโ€™re going through horrific times; itโ€™s so clear that the bells of the Ikvesa dโ€™Meshicha are ringing, and theyโ€™re ringing loudly. We have to realize that we are hearing those chatzotzros, whether or not weโ€™re able to fulfill the actual mitzvah of chatzotzros. I would even say that bโ€™ezras Hashem, very soon weโ€™re going to be zocheh to the Beis Hamikdash. Someone suggested that maybe there wonโ€™t be a need for chatzotzros to be meโ€™orer the kohanim and tell them where they need to go for their avodah, because this will be accomplished with technology, using big screens that will tell us exactly which kohanim are needed and where; it will organized in a technological way. We donโ€™t know; Eliyahu Hanavi will clarify that for us as well. But weโ€™re certainly yearning and waiting, and we need to have kavanah to be asking for the geulah, and that kavanah is roused through the chatzotzros โ€” there are indeed chatzotzros blowing.

Different Times, Different Voices

The Mishnah teaches, in Menachos: ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœื• ื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœื• ื•ืคืกื•ืœื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช โ€” of all the vessels Moshe crafted, only the chatzotzros could not be used in subsequent generations. Why not? Some explain that it is because they were considered the vessel of a king โ€” Moshe had the status of a king โ€” and the keilim of a king may not be used by others.

In the very first shmuess he gave in the Lakewood yeshiva, R’ Matisyahu Salomon gave a different answer. The chatzotzros, he explained, are meant to rouse the generation in some way. But each generation has its own unique nisayon, so each generation needs its own special chatzotzros. The chatzotzros of Moshe are not the chatzotzros that we need nowadays; we need the chatzotzros that will be meโ€™orer our generation.

The Satmar Rebbe, R’ Yoelish, used to say that what was unique about Mosheโ€™s chatzotzros is that he would give one blow and everyone would listen! He says he didnโ€™t know if in this generation there is anyone who could make chatzotzros that everyone would listen to.

But I think if we would really focus, we would hear the chatzotzros of the Ribbono Shel Olam himself. Itโ€™s so clear and obvious that this is heralding in the bells of Moshiach. We are experiencing so many tzaros, but these are the tzaros of Ikvesa dโ€™Meshicha that the Gemara discusses in Sanhedrin, as it says: ื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืœื ืื™ื—ืžื™ื ื™ื”.

The Shofar in the Middle

Why are there two chatzotzros? The Baal Haturim answers that the two chatzotzros correspond to Avraham and Yaakov: ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช, ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืขืฉื• ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื ืฆื—ื•ื. What about Yitzchak? Apparently, it is because Yitzchak did not have to fight any wars. Alternatively, Yitzchak represents middas hadin, and we want the chatzotzros to awaken only middas harachamim.

I heard a different explanation, however: In the Beis Hamikdash, between the two chatzotzros was the shofar, in the center โ€” so perhaps the two chatzotzros represent Avraham and Yaakov, while the shofar represents Yitzchak, the ram of the Akeidah, and the shofar of Moshiach.

May these chatzotzros, together with the shofar, indeed be meโ€™orer us, and may we be zocheh speedily to hear the bells of Moshiach.

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