ืืืจื ืจืืืชืื ื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Nachum Partzovitz, ztโl
ืืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืืื โ “ืืืชืืื”
ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืดืืชืืืืด ืืขืืืืชื, ืืคืืื ืขืฉืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืขืืืง ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืื ืืงื ืขืืื ืืืขืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืฆืืจืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืคืืจืืชืื, ืืืขืฅ ืืืืจ ืฉืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืฉืจ ืฉืืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืงืืดื.
ืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืฉืืจืจ ืื ืฉืืจืชื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ืืฆืื ืืืืื ืื. ืจืง ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืืืืื ื ื ืคื ืื ืืื ื ืฉืืืื, ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจื, ืืื ืฉืจ ืฉืืจืช ืืืื ื ืื ื ืื ืื ืง ืืื ืืืืืข?
ืืืขื ืืื, ืฉืืื ื ืืฉืจืืฉ ืฉืจืฉืื ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืฉื – ืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืชืืืดืง, ืืื ืืืื ืคืืจื ืืืืืื, ืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจื. ืื ืืื ืืืง ืืืฉืืดืช ืืืชืขืกืง ืืืืจื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืดื, ืื ืืื ืืืืฉืจ. ืจืง ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืืื, ืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืื ืืกืคืจ ื ืจืื, ืืคืืง, ืืฉ ืื ืืคืจืืขืื ืฉืื ืื, ืืื ืจืืข ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืชืืืืื.
ืืฉืืืงืืื ืืจืขืื ืืืจืฅ, ืืื ืฉืขื ืืืื ื ืืืงืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืงืชื ืืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืื? ืืืืื ืฉืื. ืื ืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื ืฉืชืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืช ื ืคืฉื ืืืืืชืื, ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืงืืช ืืืื ืืคืจืขืืช, ืื ืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืฉืื.
ืื, ืื ืื ืืืจื! ืืื ืืงืจ, ืืฉืืชื ืืืงื ืกืคืจ ืืืื, ืืื ื ืืจ ืชืขืฉื ืฉืขืื ื ืื ืชืืืฉ ืื ืืกืคืจ ืขื ืืื ืงืืืข, ืืื ืชืืฉื ืืชืคืกืืง ืชืืืืื, ืชืงื ืืก ืขืฆืื ืืืฉืื, ืืื ืฉืืคืขื ืืืืจืช ืชืืืจ.
ืื ืืขืืื ืืงื ืืื ืืืชืืื, ืืืื ืืฉืืจืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืืื, ืืื ืจืง ืืขืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืขืฉืืช ืืชืืื ืืืขืฉื.
ื ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืื, ืืืฆืจ ืืจืข. ืืืคื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืฉืืจืชื ืืชืืืืช ืืืจ ืืื, ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืื, ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืจืืคืืช ืืืจืืืืช, ืจืง ืืฉืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืชืืื ืขืฆืืื.
ืืืชืืื ืืื ื ืืจ ืืืจืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืจ ืืขืืื. ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืฆืื ืืืืงืื ืื ืืืื.
ืืจื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืื ืคืจืฆืืืืฅ ืืฆืืื”ื
ืืชืื ืคืจืงื ืืืกืจ ืืืชืขืืจืจืืช ืฉืืชื ืืกืืฃ ืืืืจืช ืืืืืฉื ืชืืจื
ืืืจื ืืืืื
Maran Hamashgiach Hagaon Harav Yechezkel Levinshtein, ztโl
ืขื ื’ ืื ืื ื – ืื ืืื ืืขืืื
ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืื ื ืืื ืขื ืืจืืืื ื ืืื ืืฉืื
ืขื ืชืื ืืืืืื, ื ืืชืจื ืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืื”ืย ืืฉื ืืื ืฉืืกืื, ืืฆืคืื ืืืืฉืืจืื ืืืืืข ืืืืฃ ืืืืืื. ืืื ืชืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืจืขืฉ ืืืขืฉ ืืขื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืฉืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืชืื ืก ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืฉืชืคืงืืื ืืืื ืืคืงื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื.
ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืชื ืืชืืืืก ืืื ืืืืจ: ืกืืคืจื ืื ืฉืืืขืืื ืฉื ืคืืขืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืืกืืจืืื ืื ื ืื ืืฉ ืืืืช ืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆื ืืืขืืืช ืืฉืืื, ืืืืืืื – ืฉืืขื ืืืืืื ื! ืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืฆืื, ืืฉืื ืฉืืื ื ื ืขื ืืื.
ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืง ืืืืื ืืืืืืืื?
ืืช ืืืฉืช ืืืกืืจืืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืืื ืฉื ื, ืืืืชื ืืืฉืืช ืคืืฉืขืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืจืฉืขืื. ืื, ืฉืืื ื ืืืืขืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืขืืจื ืืคืืงืคืง ืืืืื, ื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืขื. ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืืงืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืฉืืฉืช ืืืคื ืฉื ื, ืืื ื ื ืขื.
ืืื, ืืืจ ืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืจืื ืืืืงืื, ืฆืืืงืื ืื ืืืื, ืื ื ืืืชื ื ืืขื ืื ืืืืืชื ื.
ืื “ืืืื ืืืจืฆืืช ืืืฉืคืืืช ืืืืื”, ืืื ื “ืื ืฉื ืืืงื ื ืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืื ืืืื ื”, ืืื ืขื ื’ ืื ืื ื. “ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืื ื ืืื ืขื ืืจืืืื ื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืืชืื”.
ืกืคืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ืื – ืืจื”ื ืจ’ ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืฆ”ื
ืืฉืืืื ืืืื
Harav Hagaon Meir Tzvi Shpitzer Shlita
ืืืืืจ
ืืืื ื ืชืืื
ืืืจื ืืจืืง ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืฉืืจ ืื ”ื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืข ืืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืืืกืืจ ืชืืื.
ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืขืืจืืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืขื ืจืื ืื ืื ื ืืฉ ืชืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืฉืจื ืื ืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืฉืจื ืืื’ ืช”ืฉ ืืจืื ื ื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื, ืื ืืืจืช ืืฉืืื ืืฉ ืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืฉืืชืืช ืืื”ื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืื ืืืจืช ืืื ืชืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืื”ื ืืืื ืืืชืจ, ืฉืื ื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืงืจื ืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื’ ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื. ืืข”ืฉ ืืื’ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ื ืืฉืชืจื ืืืื ืืืื ื’ ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื.
ืืืง’ ื”ืก ื”ื ืฆ”ื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื”ืฉย ืืืืจ ืค’ ืื ืื ืืคืจืงื ืืจ”ื ืกื”ืค ื”ื. ืืชื’ ืืฉื ืื ืืืืืย ืืื ืืื’ ืขืืจืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืคืืข ืืฉืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืจื.
ืืข”ืฉ ืขืื ืขืจืืืื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืกืืจื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืคืืืคืืืชื ืืืืชื ืฉืืช, ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืฉืจื, ืืข’ ืืจื ืืืื ื ืื’ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืค”ื ื”ื ืฉืืง’ ืืคื ืื”ืก ืืื ืืืื ืืื’ ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืช ื ืืคื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืชืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืคื ืืืืฉ, ืืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืงืืฉืืืชื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืจื ื ืก ืืืขืื ืื’ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืื, ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืื”ื ืืืืืืืชื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืคื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืช ื ืฉืื, ืืืืื ืฉืคืกืง ืืืื ืืกืืจื ืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื, ืืกืืจ ืืืืคื ืืืืื.
ืืื ืขืืืื ืชืืงืฉื ืืื’ ืื ”ื ื”ื ืข”ื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ื ืืฉืชืจื ืืืื ืืืื ื’, ืืงืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืคื ืืืื ืื”ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ื ืืืืช ื ืฉืื. ืืฆ”ื ืืืื ืืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื, ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืืืืช ืืืืื, ืืข”ืฉ ืืชืืก’, ืืข”ื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืฉ ืืื.
(ืืืขืืงืจ ืืืจื ืื”ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ื”ื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืขืื ืื’ ืืคืืื. ืืข’ ื”ื ืงื”ื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืงืืจืื ืฉืืืจื ืืงืืจื ืขืื”ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืข”ืฉ ืชืืก’ ืจื”ื ืฉืืชื ืฉืืง’ ืืืืื”ืง ืืืจื ืขืื”ื ืืืื ืืืืข, ืืชื’ ืชืืก’ ืจื”ื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืงืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืข ืืืื. ืืืื’ ืง’ ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื”ื ืื ืง’ ืืืืืืช ืืื. ืืืื’ ืฆ”ื ืืืื ืช ืชืืก’ ืจื”ื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืืืื, ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื, ืืื”ืก ืื ”ื).
ืกืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื
Maran Rosh Hayeshiva Hagaon Harav Aryeh Finkel, ztโl
ืขืืืืื ืื ื ืืคืชืื ืฉื ืื ืืชื ืชืืจืชืื ื ืืืืืืข ืืฉื ื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืฉืคืข ืืืื ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืฉ ืืืชืืื ื ื”ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืจืืืื ืฉืขื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืจืื ืขืฆืืื ืื.
ืชืืจื ืขื ืชืคืืื
ืืื’ ืื ืื ืข: ืืืชื ‘ืฉืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืกื ืืจืื ืืช ืจ’ ืืืืฉืข ืื ืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืขื ืืกืืืจื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉื ืจืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ื’ ืืชื ืืืื ืืคืื ืืขืช ืืชืืื ื, ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืกืื’,
‘ืืจืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืขืื ืืื’ ืื ืืืื ืืขืกืงื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืื ืื ืกืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ื ‘ืื ื’ ืืชื ืืืื ืืคืื ืืขืช ืืชืืื ื’ ืืขืืื ื ืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืืืื ืชืคืืื ื”ื ืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืขืื ืืชืืจื.
ืืื ืื ืืื ืชืืจื ื”ื ืืืฆืืื ืื ‘ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืกืื’ ืืขื ืื ืชืืื ืืืฆืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืื ืืืืข ืืชืืจื ืืจืืื.
ืืขืืืง ืืขื ืื ืฉืืกืื ืืืืื ื ืืขืืงืจ ืืขืืงืจืื ืฉ’ืืื ืขืื ืืืืื’ ืืืงื”ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืจ, ืื”ื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืคืื ื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ืฉืกืื ืืฆืืืชื ืชืืื ืื ืืืืฉืืจืื ืืืืืฆื, ืืืื ื ืืืืข ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืฉืืงืื ืืืงื”ื ืืฃ ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฆืืื, ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืชื ืืชืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืฆืื ื ืข”ื ืืื”ื ‘ืืืขืช ืืืฆืืช ืชืืืื’ ืื ืื ‘ืืืขืชื’ ืกื”ืก ‘ืืฆืืชื’ (ืืืจ”ื), ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืื ‘ืืฆืืื’ ืื ืืื ืืชื ืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืืืืขืชื, ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ”ื, ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืขืช ืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืชืืืื, ืืื”ืง.
‘ืืจืฉื ื’ ืืขืืื ืืงืฉื ืคื ืื ืชืืื’ (ืชืืืืื ืงื ื) ืืืืืจ ืืืจ”ื (ืืฉืื) ‘ืืจืฉื ื’ ืืขืืื’ – ืื ืขืกืง ืืชืืจื, ‘ืืงืฉื ืคื ืื ืชืืื’ – ืื ืข”ื ืืชืคืืื.
ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืจื ืฉื’ ืืื ื ืืชื ืืช ืืชืืจื ‘ืื ื’ ืืชื ืืืื’, ืืื ื ืืขืฆืืื ื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืฉืืชืื ื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืื’ ืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื.
ืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื
ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืืืืจ ืขื ืคืืจืขื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ (ื, ืื) ‘ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืคื ื’ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ ื ืฆืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืขืืืจ’. ืืืื’ ื ืืจืื ืคื. ืืืชื ืขื ืื ‘ืืืจ ืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืจืฉืืื ืขื ืฉืคืจืฉื ืืงื”ื ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ืืืจ (ืฉื ื) ืืืืืจ ื’ ืขื ืขืืื ืืช ืชืืจืชื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื. ืฉืืืืช ืืื’ ืืื ื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืงืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืื, ืืืชืจืฆืช ืืื’ – ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชืืจื ืชืืืื.
ืืืืืขืื ืืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืืืื ืืจ”ื ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืฉืขืกืงื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืืขื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคืจืฉ ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ ืขื ืฉืืืฆืจื ืืงื”ื ืืคืจืฉ ืืขืฆืื ‘ืขื ืขืืื ืชืืจืชื’ ืืืืขื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืคื ืืืฅ ืื ืจืื ืืช ืืกืืื ืืคืืจืขื ืืช ืืจืง ืืงื”ื ืฉืืืืข ืืขืืงื ืืื ืคืจืฉ ืขื ืขืืื ืืช ืชืืจืชื – ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชืืจื ืชืืืื.
ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืงืฉืย ืื’ ืืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืขืืืง ืืขื ืื ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืขืกืงื ืื ืืชืื ืืืจื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืืชื ื ืื’ ืืืื ืื ืจืื ืฆืืจื ืืืงืฉ ืื’ ืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื.
ย
ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืชื
ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืคืจืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืข”ื ืืงื ืืจ, ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืคืกืืงื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืื ืจืื ืฆืืจื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืข”ื ืืงื ืืจ.
ืืืฉื ื ืืืืืช ืืงื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืงื ืื ื ืืชืืจื ืืืชื ‘ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืชืืืจ ืืกืชืจ ืืืื ืืฉื ืืจืืื’, ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืขืื ืื ืืงื ืื ื ืชืืจื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ”ื (ืืืื ื’ืื ืืืืื’) ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืขืื ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืช ืืขื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ื ืื ืืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืช ืื ืฉืืขืืืื ืขื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืืง ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื, ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืื’ ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืคืืจ ืืืืืืืชืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืืืคื ืืืืช ืืขื ืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื’, ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ”ื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืงื”ื ืืชืช ืื ืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืขืฆืื, ืื ืืืข ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืืขืื ืืงื”ื ืืื ืื ืืืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืช ืืืฉื ื ‘ืื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืื’ ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืกืชืจ ืืืื ืืฉื ืืจืืื ืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืข”ื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืชืจ ืืืจื ืืฉื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืขืฆืื ืืช ืืืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืงื”ื ืืชืช ืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืชืืืืก ืืื ืืขืฆืื, ืืืข”ืค ืฉืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืฉืคืขืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื.
ย
ืืชืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืคื ืืงื”ื
‘ืืืืืฉ ืืฉื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืขื ืคื ื ืืืืื’ (ืืืืืจ ืื ื) ืืืืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืข ืืฉื ืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืข ื”ื ืื ืืืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืจ ‘ืื ืื ื ืื’ (ืฉืืืช ืื ื-ื) ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืขืืืชืื ืื ืจืง ืืืงื”ื, ืืืื ืืืย ืืืช ืืขื ืื, ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื [ืืขืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืืืืช ื ืืชื ืืชืืจื).
ืขืื ืืฆืื ื ‘ืืฉืืจ ืื ืคื ืชืฉืื ืืช ื’ ืืืงืื ืคื ืชืืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืืชืื ืชืื ื ืืืฉืืช ืืืงืจื ืืฆืื ื ืืจืืื ืืืกืฃ ‘ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืจืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืช ื’ ืืืงืื’ (ืืืจืื ื) ืืฉืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืฉื ืฉืื ืืฆืืืืชืื ืื ืืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืข ื’ืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืช’.
ืืืืืช ืฉืืืืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืจืง ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืชื ืช ื’ ืืื ืื ืขื ืจืืื ืืืช ืงืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืฉืขืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืขืื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืื ื ืืจืืื ืืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืง ืื’ ืืชืืจื ‘ืื ื’ ืืชื ืืืื’, ืืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืื ืืจืืื ืืืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืกืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืฉืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืช ื’ ืืืงืื ืืืืืจ ‘ืืื ืืขืืฆื ืืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื’ (ืฉื) ืืืืืก ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืขื ืื ื ืืฉืืืืช.
ืืื ื ืืืืจืช ืข”ื ืืชืืจื ืื”ื (ืคืกืืง ื”ื) ‘ืื ืฉืื ืชืฉืื ืืช ื’ ืืืงืื ืืืื ืชืืืืื’ ืืืื ืื ืฉืคืืจืฉ ืืงื”ื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ โ ืขื ืขืืื ืืช ืชืืจืชื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืืืขืื ืืืื ืฉื ‘ืืจื ืืืื’ ืืืืืืกืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืข ‘ืืืื ืชืืืืื’, ืจื”ื.
ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืื”ื (ืฉื ื”ื) ‘ืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืืชื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจืชื ืืื ืืชืืื ืขืฉืืจ ืืขืฉืจื’ ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืืชื ืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืชืืื ืขื ืจืื ืขืืื ืฉืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืชื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืคืกืืง ืฉื ืืืืจ ืืขืฉืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืขืฉืืจ ืฉืกืืืข ืืขื ื, ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืฉืืฃ ืืืืช ื”ื ืฉืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืจืง ืื’ ืืชืืจื, ืืื ‘ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชืืื โ ืืฉืื ืืืืืข ืืืชื’, ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืจืง ืื’ ืืืืืข ืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ‘ืื ืื ื ื’ ืขืืฉื ืืกื ืืฉืคื ืืฆืืงื ืืืจืฅ ืื ืืืื ืืคืฆืชื ื ืืื ื’ (ืฉื).
ืืืื ืขืืืง ืืืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืงื”ื ืจืืฆื ืืืืืชื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื, ืื ืืืืกื ืืงื”ื.
ืื ืืืื ืชืืจื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืกืื ืืืฆืืื ืื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ย ืื ืืื ืื’ ืืฆืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืื’ ืืืืื ืื ืงืืฉื’ ืฉื ืื’ ืืื ืชืืจืืฅ ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืฆืจืื ืชืคืืื ืื’ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ื’ ืืชื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืืช ืื’ ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืงืืฉื ืืื ืชืืจืืฅ ืืื ืืื ื ืขื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืืช ืื’ ืฉื ืชื ืื ืืืืื.
ืืืชืคืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืชืคืืืื ืื ื ื’ืืืื ืจืื’ โ ‘ืืืื ื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืืจืื ืืื’ ืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืขืฉืืช ืืืงืืื ืืื’, ืื’ืืื ืืฆืืื’ ืืชืคืืืื ‘ืืื ืืคืชื ืืื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืชื, ืืืขื ืื ื ืืืข ืืจืืง‘ โ ืื ืืืืื ืข”ื ืืงื ืืจ ื ืืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืจืืง ื”ื.
ืืืชืคืืื ืืื ‘ืฉืืคืชื ืืื ื’ โ ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืืื ืฉืืคืชื ืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืื, ืคืืชื ืืงื”ื ืืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืฉืืืงืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืื, ืื”ื ืืืื ื ืืชื ืืช ืืืื ืืืงื”ื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืื ‘ืจืืื ื ืืืื ืืขื’ ืืื ืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืฆื ืืงื”ื.
ืืืืืืง ืืขืช ืืืื ืืชื ืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืชืืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืืงืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืจืง ืข”ื ืชืคืืื ืืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืชื ืืืขืืื ืฉืื ืขืืชื ืืืื (–ืืจืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืขืื ืืื, ืื ืืขืืื ืื) ืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืจืื ืื ืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืืชืืจื ืื ืจืง ืื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื.
ืืืื ื ื’ ืืชืืจื ืืงืจืื ืืืฉ ืืงืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืืข ืืขืช ืืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืชืคืืืช ืืืกืฃ ‘ืืืื ืืฉืืืขื ื ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืขืื ื ืื ืื’ ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืฉืื ืืชื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืืขื ื ืื”ืช ‘ืื ื ื’ ืืืืงืื’ ืฉืื ืืฉืืืขื ื ืฉื ืืช ‘ืื ื ื’ ืืืืงืืื’ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืื”ืจ.
(ื ืืชื ืข”ื ืืื ืืฉืืืขืื)
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Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
Do We Deserve the Gift?
Shavuos
Harav Hagaon Yehuda Wagshal Shlita
Chazal tell us that the Yom Tov of Shavuos is a yom hadin for peiros haโilan, and the Shelah Hakadosh explains that peiros haโilan doesnโt refer only to the physical fruit that grows on trees โ it refers to the Torah that we learn as well. The Torah is called a tree โ eitz chaim โ and the Torah that we learn is the fruit of that tree.
What kind of judgment is there on Shavuos regarding the Torah we learn?
Many sefarim say, and I heard the mashgiach Rav Wolbe ztโl explain, that Shavuos is a yom hadin in the sense that on this day it is decided how much Torah weโll be zocheh to in the coming year.
The Shelah, however, writes that Shavuos is the yom hadin on bittul Torah, which sounds quite different from it being a yom hadin regarding how much Torah weโll be zocheh to!
The Shelahโs statement is hard to understand, because we already have a yom hadin for all the mitzvos and aveiros weโve done โ Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Why wouldnโt we be judged for bittul Torah at that time as well? Why do we need a special yom hadin on Shavuos for this aveirah?
Furthermore, we know that bittul Torah is the worst aveirah; just as the mitzvah of talmud Torah is kโneged kulam, the aveirah of bittul Torah is also kโneged kulam. If Shavuos is really a yom hadin for bittul Torah, we would expect that the atmosphere on Shavuos should be one of a yom hadin, when we are worried and concerned about our aveiros and do teshuvah for them. Yet we donโt find that the avodah of Shavuos is to be scared and worried and do teshuvah. On the contrary, Shavuos is a time of extreme simchah, as the Gemara says that everyone agrees that on Shavuos we must eat a seudah and rejoice, even those who maintain that this is not necessary on other yamim tovim.
The sefer Maaseh Rav, which discusses the hanhagos of the Gra, says that the Gra rejoiced on Shavuos more than on any other Yom Tov, and kept his seudah going for a very long time, all the way into the night โ an extreme expression of simchah.
How does this fit with the Shelahโs suggestion that Shavuos is a yom hadin for bittul Torah, which should make it a time of worry and fear?
What is Bittul Torah?
To answer this question, we first have to understand what bittul Torah is.
We typically understand bittul Torah as taking time when Iโm supposed to be learning and instead doing something else โ I sit and schmooze with somebody, or waste my time on something else.
But we can suggest that the concept of bittul Torah goes much deeper. Weโre learning Maseches Pesachim in yeshiva now, and the idea of bittul chametz is discussed frequently.
What is bittul chametz? Rashi explains that bittul chametz means that the chametz is not on the personโs mind, and he treats the chametz like nothing, like ืขึทืคึฐืจึธื ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืขึธื. In other words, bittul chametz happens when in a personโs mind the chametz has no chashivus as food; to him, itโs just like dust of the earth.
Perhaps this is the problem of bittul Torah. Besides the actual moments of learning that were wasted โ which is a problem in and of itself โ bittul Torah means that Iโm not machshiv the Torah. If a person who is sitting and learning understands what Torah is โ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึดืื ึดืื, itโs the most valuable asset possible โ then of course he would not waste time from his learning; heโs in middle of making millions right now, so no one can disturb him with anything else.
If a person does interrupt when he is supposed to be learning, that might be an indication of bittul Torah in the sense of bittul chametz: Heโs not machshiv it, he considers it like ืขึทืคึฐืจึธื ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืขึธื. โWhatโs the difference if I learn a few more minutes? It doesnโt matter.โ
Thatโs the real problem of bittul Torah: Besides the moments of Torah that were lost, bittul Torah reflects an attitude of not being machshiv the Torah enough.
Viewed in this light, bittul Torah extends far beyond a person interrupting his learning and missing a few minutes. To illustrate, letโs say a person walks into a beis midrash and sees some anonymous person sitting and learning. This person doesnโt look particularly special โ he just comes to the beis midrash every day and learns one daf and another daf, one sugya and another sugya. Heโs not famous, heโs not a big speaker, and he doesnโt seem to be affecting people around him โ heโs just sitting and learning, either alone, or with his chavrusa.
The person absorbing this sight might think, โEh, whatโs this fellow doing, anyway? Heโs just sitting there in his corner โ heโs not giving big speeches, heโs not being mashpia on people, heโs not doing chessed. Whatโs he accomplishing already?โ
If that outlook creeps into someoneโs heart and mind, that might be bittul Torah as well! If a person would be machshiv the Torah properly, he would realize that this unassuming person is doing the most chashuv thing possible: Heโs keeping Klal Yisrael going, heโs keeping the whole world going, and heโs doing the most chashuv thing in the eyes of Hashem. But because heโs unassuming, not famous or exciting, the sight of him could cause people to think: ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืจืื ื? Heโs โjustโ sitting and learning.
There could be other examples of bittul Torah as well. For instance, say thereโs a person who goes all out when it comes to gashmiyus, never cutting any corners and ย investing whatever money and effort necessary to make everything just right. But when it comes to ruchniyus and Torah, he might say, โI can cut some corners โ as long as Iโm doing it, Iโm yotzei, so I donโt have to go all the way out.โ Such a person might be guilty of bittul Torah, because in other areas he goes to lengths to ensure that everything should be perfect, whereas when it comes to Torah he cuts corners. Thatโs treating the Torah like ืขึทืคึฐืจึธื ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืขึธื.
Joy Proves that We Value the Gift
When the Shelah Hakadosh says that Shavuos is a yom hadin on bittul Torah, perhaps he is not referring to the aveirah of bittul Torah. For the aveirah of bittul Torah, as for all our aveiros and mitzvos, we are judged on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Rather, on Shavuos, we are judged for how much we are machshiv the Torah: How important is the Torah to us? Do we take our minds off the Torah? Is it like ืขึทืคึฐืจึธื ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืขึธื in our eyes? Or do we consider itืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึดืื ึดืื ? Thatโs the yom hadin of bittul Torah on Shavuos.
But why do we need such a yom hadin? If we already have a yom hadin for the aveirah of bittul Torah, then why do we need a special day to judge how chashuv the Torah is in our eyes?
The purpose of this yom hadin, as our rebbeโim have taught, is to determine how much Torah we will be zocheh to in the coming year.
To illustrate, letโs say a person very much wants to give someone else a certain gift. If he knows that the recipient is not going to appreciate it, heโll think twice before he gives it to him; heโd much rather give the gift to someone who will value it. Similarly, Hakadosh Baruch Hu is willing and ready to give the Torah โ but only to someone who values it. If someone is mevatel the Torah, chas vโshalom, he wonโt be zocheh to Kabbalas HaTorah, because to him itโs like dust. But if someone recognizes the importance and value of Torah, and views it asืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึดืื ึดืื , then he will be zocheh to siyatta dโShmaya and a great Kabbalas HaTorah.
In this sense, Shavuos is indeed a yom hadin on bittul Torah, but itโs not a yom hadin on the aveirah of bittul Torah โ rather, itโs a yom hadin on my state of mind: How much am I machshiv the Torah? And the result of that judgment determines how much Torah Iโll be zocheh to receive.
Perhaps this is the reason for the great simchah of Shavuos. Considering that Shavuos is the day we received the Torah, we would think that we should spend the whole day learning. And yes, we do spend the whole night learning, but we also have the requirement of simchah. Through the simchah of Shavuos, we show that we are truly machshiv the Torah.
When a person is zocheh to marry off a child, he doesnโt just serve a few crackers with herring and a little cake. He makes a big, beautiful seudah with the finest of foods, served by waiters. Why? Because heโs machshiv the occasion. If you just serve just a few crackers and cakes at a wedding, it shows that you donโt value what a chasunah is. If you go all out and you serve a beautiful meal and celebrate in a momentous way, you show the chashivus that you have for the event.
Similarly, the simchah on Shavuos not only reflects our joy upon receiving the Torah, it also shows how much weโre machshiv the Torah โ which is the opposite of bittul Torah. When we show our excitement and joy upon receiving the Torah, that itself is a zechus for this yom hadin, when it is decided how much Torah we will receive.
These are the thoughts we should have as we go into the Yom Tov of Shavuos. We need to value the Torah, and not, chas vโshalom, succumb to the mindset of bittul Torah, in which we allow ourselves to think that Torah is not so important or glorious. Every word of Torah, and every person whoโs learning Torah, is ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึดืื ึดืื. Letโs not be mevatel this like ืขึทืคึฐืจึธื ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืขึธื, as we do with our chametz. Rather, letโs bear in mind the chashivus and the simchah, as we await the day of Mattan Torah.